4 2 2^84 A7 B7 五、發明説明（l ) 發明之領域 本發明係關於將含鎳及鐵之礦物加工Μ製造金臑，尤其 但非限定地闞於自含鎳及镦之碾物製造不锈鑭/鋼產品。 發明之背景 在處理開採之含鍊硫化物礦之習知方法中，通常含有 0.5-4重童％鎳之含鎳碥物一般接受預處理步驟以產生漶縮 物。一般而言，預處理步驟包含硫化物磺之浮選Μ及該步 驟形成之濃縮物之鎳含量通常在4-2 5重量！《鎳金靥之範圍 内。被處理之硫化物礦含有為硫鎳鐵礦及/或紫硫鎳繊礦 形式之鎳源，且其可混合有礦石雜質，此等硫化物礦諸如 有黃鐵碟、磁黃鐵礦、蛇紋石、滑石及橄攬石。與鎳礦在 一起之礦石雜質可包括胂、砸、銅、鈷、氟、氯、矽、氧 化鋁、鐵、氣化鎂及氧化鈣Κ及此等礦物之錯合矽酸鹽及 /或硫化物。 含有硫之鎳濃縮物可進行進一歩之處理步驟諸如氣化熔 煉步驟，Μ製造鎳鍊（n Uhel matte)及熔渣，供給製程之熱 藉著濃縮物中之含硫礦物之氧化及藉著添加煤、油或氣體 、氧及電力Μ生成二氧化硫、一氧化碳及二氧化碳氣體而 產生。鎳铼（通常含有40¾至48¾鎳）自熔煉爐排出且可進行 進一步氧化，K得到更進高鈒之鎳鍊（通常含有6 4 Ϊ至7 2 S!鎳） *其與以熔渣形式生成之任何氧化鐵及其他被氧化之礦物分 難。氧化製程之氧化鐵及其他無用副產品通常以熔渣形式被 丟棄或被再循環回熔煉爐。熔渣中存在約8 之鎂化合物將在 操作典型的硫化鎳閃速熔煉爐上造成明顯的困難。此外*鍊 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（2 ] Ο X 297公釐} (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 I I I 1 I -- -- - - - - -·= —n ^^1 ^^1 —i! I— -- - I >iJI—rl .........— IJ— I -- - ^ - m^i I I ---1 ^^1 ml 1-1 ^^1 -4 - 422884 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（2 ) 1 1 中 存 在 砰 及 硒 將 在 精 製 銳 成 為 合 於 鎳 金 屬 規 格 上 ids 成 很 大 !' I 的 rra 03 難 〇 1 該 高 级 鎳 銳 可 含 有 鈷 鎳 及 銅 之 混 合 物 9 其 最 後 藉 溼 法 請 先 1 1 冶 金 及 或 電 解 冶 金 製 程 而 分 離 kk 得 到 分 開 且 近 乎 為 純 形 閲 讀 背 1 1 式 之 跼 鎳 及 鈷 金 屬 〇 面 之 注 1 j 鎳 然 後 常 與 鋼 及 其 他 添 加 劑 諸 如 鉻 Mb 餓 合 金 m 戡 合 金 等 意 事 I 項 | 在 電 弧 爐 中 混 合 Μ 製 造 不 m 鋼 合 金 〇 再 填 在 初 始 氧 化 及 轉 換 步 驟 產 生 之 熔 渣 可 能 需 要 被 處 理 Μ 回 本 頁 装 1 收 留 在 熔 渣 中 之 有 用 金 靨 〇 該 非 必 需 之 金 靨 回 收 製 程 之 後 1 | 熔 渣 可 能 沒 有 價 值 Μ 及 必 須 Μ 環 境 及 經 濟 可 接 受 之 方 式 1 Γ 丟 棄 〇 I 在 處 理 含 有 鍊 之 褐 辦 紅 土 及 氧 化 物 礦 (鍊含量通常為1重 η 1 量％至3重量 %)之 另 一 習 知 製 程 中 將 礦 物 予 Μ 酸 瀝 濾 (通 1 1 常 為 於 壓 力 下 用 硫 酸 m m ) 繼而進行其他製程步驟Μ使 *1 1 鎳 分 離 及 精 製 成 近 乎 純 之 金 靨 0 或 者 一 些 此 等 紅 土 礦 (例 丄 如腐泥土）可藉焙燒 |鍛燒/製粒/轉換/凝聚繼而用煤或焦 Γ I 炭 及 電 力 等 進 行 電 爐 還 原 熔 煉 來 製 造 鎳 鐵 合 金 0 1 1 雖 然 上 述 類 型 之 習 知 方 法 提 供 另 人 滿 意 而 可 被 用 於 製 造 1 1 鋼 之 鎳 產 品 但 是 商 硫 化 鎳 礦 製 造 鎳 及 最 後 製 造 不 銹 鋼 所 I I 涉 及 之 加 工 步 驟 之 數 g > 操 作 上 之 困 難 Μ 及 有 害 的 少 數 元 1 素 諸 如 (但非限於）鎂 磷 碑 及 硒 化 合 物 之 高 含 量 影 響 成 1 1 I 本 及 最 终 不 m 鋼 產 品 之 品 質 〇 再 者 此 等 方 法 造 成 生 產 不 綉 網 時 有 價 值 之 物 質 亦 即 鐵 被 丟 棄 〇 此 外 該 法 製 得 之 1 1 熔 渣 一 般 不 適 於 被 納 入 築 路 用 之 集 料 或 混 凝 土 中 因 而 其 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標率（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐丨 -5 - A7 ! 422884 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 之處理耗費成本。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 習知之不銹網製法使用下列原料中某些或全部之混合物 :廢不锈網、廢鋼、鎳鐵合金.鎳金屬、鉻鐵合金、矽鐵 合金及錳鐵合金。此等材料通常在電弧逋中被熔化，然後 用精製爐諸如轉化爐、真空去除氫氣或氯氧脫碳燫Μ —段 或多段予Μ精製。為了使產品具有期望之化性，例如碳降 至極低濃度，金屬之氫被部份或全部除去，以及典型雜質 諸如硫 > 晒及磷之去除，該等精製步驟是必需的。通常被 熱精製之金靨随後被澆鋪成鋼板、條鋼或熱軋鋼捲。 因此需要一種更具商業吸引潛力之製法，其能減少在加 工成不銹網上所需步驟之數目（諸如不需精製及經由電爐 熔煉成鏟而製造鎳鐵合金）及在處理不期望濃度之鎂或砷 及硒化合物上所需之步驟，Κ及坷用經濟有效之方式利用 習知製法產生之擬物諸如鐵。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 在本說明書所述之發明中，製造不銹鋦所需之主要金羼 進料僅為硫化鎳及/或紅土及不能被直接用於傳統製法之 珞鐵礦。粗製金靨然後可在AOD爐中進行一般的精製以及 澆_操作或製粒等。因此在製造不綉網時，不需要電弧爐 或廢鋼，及/或廢不锈鋼，惟此等材料視經濟性及獲得之 方便性仍可被使用。 發明之內容 本發明一方面提供一種處理含_级鐵之礦物進料之方法 ，其包括於還原條件下熔煉該礦物進料Μ製造含鎳及鐵之 金靥產物之步驟。 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210 X 297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 I 422884 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 更特定而言，本發明提供一棰在單一熔煉爐中還原含有 攜鎳之礦物及/或濃縮物Μ及嬅源之礦物進料之方法，以 製造含有鏡及鐵金靥二者之金靥合金產物，其包括下列步 驟： (i )將進料加到浴式熔煉爐中； (ii)在浴式熔煉爐中，於金靨合金產物層之上肜成一含 碳料之熔渣層； (Hi)將含氧之氣體直接成泡通人熔渣層，K在相對靜 態之熔渣區之上形成熔渣之泡沫區； (iv)將含氣氣體引進浴式熔煉爐内之泡沫熔渣之上，Μ 後鑛燃燒離開熔渣層之氣體； (ν>將熔渣層維持墦原條件，同時在其中形成金屬小滴 ;以及 (vi)讓小滴滴流通過熔渣層而在熔渣層之下蓄積成含有 鎳及鐵之金屬合金產物層。 礦物進料之組份較佳選擇能提供為鎳鐵合金，含鎳之鐵 或不銹鋼之金屬產物。 許多較佳之替代方法及該法之效能方面被摘要於下： * Π)包括乾燥及/或鍛燒濃縮物之礦物進料被堪原，Μ產 生鎳鐵合金或含鎳鐵。 Πί)鐵礦（可被乾燥）與被乾燥及或鍛燒的碲化鎳濃縮物 混合，以提供礦物進料。然後將礦物進料還原Κ產生含鎳 鐵或鎳鐵合金。 (iH)鐵碼與乾燥及/或鍛燒的硫化辣濃縮物及鎳紅土硪 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） _ 7 - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 策. i 422884 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（ 5 ) 1 1 (其可被乾燥及或锻燒） 混 合 t Μ 提 供礦物 進料 〇 然 後 颗 物 1_ 進 料 被還原 ，以 產 生含 鎳 鐵 或 鎳 鐵 合金。 1 (i V)攜鎳 之硫 化 物濃 縮 物 及 紅 土 碟被绲 合及 /或乾燥或 請 1 1 1 鍛 燒 ，以提 供礦 物 進料 〇 進 料 m 後 被堪原 Μ產 生 含 m 鐵 或 閱 1 背 1 m 鐵 合金。 面 之 i 注 J (V )鎳紅土本身或與鐵礦混合者被用於提供進料 >進料 意 1 I 狀 後 被遨原 成含 m 之鐵 或 鎳 鐵 礦 ύ 進料在 遷原 之 前 可 被 乾 再 Φ- 一·' 燥 〇 % 本 頁 袈 1 (V i)鉻鐵 礦可 被 乾燥 及 加 到 (I ), (i i)， (i I i) » (ί V) 或 1 | (V)所界定之礦物進料中 以及™ -則用被加熱之攜鎳礦 I —* 則 在分開 之浴 式 熔煉 爐 或 在 分 開 之電爐 中使 用 來 i 浴 式 1 1 it 熔 煉 爐廢熱 之動 力 將其 還 原 成 鉻 Mh m 合金。 然後 將 礦 物 進 料 1 遇 原 K製造 粗製 趿 之不 m 鋼 σ i 1 (V i i )來自上述（ i )至 (V)之鉻鐵合金，鏡鐵合金及/或 含 I 鎳 撖 藉著轉 換及 /或 A0D 製 程 被 進 一 步精製 ，Μ 製 造 期 望 級 Λ 之 不 銹鋼或 路鐵 合 金， 鎳 鐵 合 金 或 含鎳鐵 0此 等 步 驟 將 有 Γ 助 於 移除不 期望 的 元素 諸 如 硫 Λ 氫 、硒等 以及 將 碳 降 至 不 I 1 m 鋼 所需之 極低 濃 度0 I 1 (V m)助 熔物 質 諸如 氧 化 鈣 被 加 到浴式 熔煉 爐 中 Μ 幫 助 1 I 維 持 流體熔 渣。 1 (1 X )熔渣 溫度 可 被提 高 至 製 造 生 鐵所需 之一 般 溫 度 之 上 1 1 | j 即 從 1 400 t至 1 600 ¾ 提 高 至 1 700 至 2000 以 幫 助 維 1 持 流 體熔渣 〇 1 1 (X )操作高溫流體熔渣之能力將使後缅熔煉步驟中攙合 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 8 Α7 Β7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（6 ) 1 1 產 物 Μ •f/r 付 合 市 場 規 格 之 能 力 增 加 1 而 不 需 像 必 須 雄 持 低 流 Mitt 體 熔 渣 溫 度 者 必 須 在 製 程 開 始 時 進 行 複 雜 的 預 處 理 步 1 1 4 礦 物 進 料 中 鎳 之 比 率 可 被 調 整 Μ 確 保 金 靥 合 金 產 品 包 請 先 閱 讀 普 1 1 括 至 少 1重蠆％鎳但仍可使用 較 低 級 進 料 〇 更 佳 者 被 製 造 1 | 之 金 靥 合 金 產 品 中 鎳 之 比率至少為5重量％ 更 佳 至 少 為 8 之 1 注 J 1 重 量 % 甚至視產品規格可高達15至35重量3：或以上 0 最 终 意 項 | i 標 係 使 不 m 鋼 產 品 中 之 鎳 達 到 所 欲 之 正 確 百 分 率 〇 在 金 再 ά tigs 屬 鎳 鐵 合 金 礦 物 或 其 他 逋 當 化 學 或 金 腾 形 式 中 之 鎳 可 被 寫 本 頁 装 1 加 到 進 料 中 Μ 增 加 金 屬 產 物 中 鎳 之 比 率 0 鎳 通 常 被 鍛 燒 1 I 之硫化物濃縮物及/或鎳紅土（視情況可被乾燥或鍛燒）存 I 在 於 進 料 中 0 不過未被鍛燎及/或乾燥之辣進料在某些情 1 1 訂' 況 可 被 使 用 例 如 硫 可 用 來 自 製 程 熔 煉 步 驟 之 排 放 物 收 1 納 之 場 合 〇 i 1 進 料 可 包 括 鎂 化 合 物 0 鎂 化 合 物 可 為 滑 石 形 式 其 可 | 與其他元素結合入錯合硫化物/矽酸鹽化合物中 、鎂化合 X 物 可 高 達 礦 物 進 料 之 10重最免 >甚至高於15重量％ 0 已 注 意 Γ I 到 帶 有 硫 化 鎳 濃 縮 物 之 進 料 之 習 知 閃 速 熔 煉 係 在 硫 化 物 氧 1 1 化 條 件 下 熔 煉 當 礦 物 進 料 中 有 高 含 量 鎂 即 依 我 們 的 經 1 1 驗 在 閃 速 熔 煉 爐 中 約8¾或在浴式熔煉爐 中 1 2¾時 ，該法 1 | 將 難 Μ 或 無 法 應 用 於 商 業 0 此 因 為 熔 渣 冷 凝 溫 度 及 黏 度 上 1 升 9 使 得 熔 化 熔 渣 及 鍊 m 法 充 分 流 動 而 增 加 爐 操 作 之 困 [ 1 I 難 性 〇 結 果 必 須 進 行 額 外 之 處 理 kk 減 低 進 料 例 如 濃 縮 韧 中 之 鎂 y 但 該 法 常 造 成 浮 選 步 驟 硫 化 物 澹 縮 物 中 之 鎳 回 收 率 1 1 降 低 〇 在 本 發 明 之 條 件 下 » 可 Μ 在 相 當 高 循 度 之 鎂 下 操 作 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） -9 - A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) (即 1500 °C至20001C，對習知閃速熔煉之1200 °C至1400P )，在該溫度下*對常用熔渣組成物而言黏度顯著降低且 熔渣在爐中能自由流動。此表示在較低溫度所需之熔渣化 性之嚴密控制被明顯減輕。見圖6及7，SiOz，A103，Si02 > MgO系統之圖說明此點。在本發明之方法中，由於砷及 硒打大體進人熔渣及煙中（通常為7 5¾)，因此相對於閃速 或浴式熔煉之氧化條件下大部份砷及硒進入鎳鍊產物中 之情況，攜有砷及硒之礦物之難題可被明顯降低。 碾物進料可包括攜鎳礦之濃縮物。一般而言，其為被乾 燥及鍛燒之浮選澹縮物。其可包括多種礦物及/或濃縮物 之攙合物。其也可以只包括單種來源之乾燥鍛燐濃縮物。 礦物進料不宜包括顯著量之飼，因為鋦會造成金鼷產物之 變脆。 經濟部中央標準局肩工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 進料之铜含量較佳為能使金層產物包括低於0.5重量％鋦 ，更佳低於0.2重量ίί銅，甚至更佳低於0.05重量％銅。或 者礦物進料中銅鎳之重量比可低於1: 18，更佳低於1: 50 。礦物進料中一種或Μ上組份包括高於較佳比率之銅時| 進料之其他組份可Μ選擇低飼含量，Μ確保構成碾物進料 之組份之整涸攙合物能得到飼含最在較佳範圍内之金靥產 物0 礦物進料可以包括瀝濾擁鎳碥得到之固體氧化物及/或 碳酸鹽殘餘物。攜鏡礦可為鎳紅土。瀝濾可以在能使小部 份或顯著部份鎳進入固體殘餘物之條件下進行。同樣地， 瀝滤條件可為能使小部份或實質部份鐵進入殘餘物者。瀝 尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（2丨0X297公釐） _ ι λ _ 422884 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（ 8 ) 1 1 滅 可 移 除 鈷 ·、 銅 或 任 何 其 他 來 自 礦 物 之 不 期 望 物 質 〇 瀝 1 1 m 宜 用 酸 進 行 0 酸 可 Μ 為 硫 酸 〇 瀝 m 可 在 超 大 Μ 壓 下 進 1 ! 行 〇 壓 力 可 被 升 高 Η 降 低 鐵 磷 及 氧 化 鋁 之 溶 離 速 度 0 殘 r—v 請 1 1 餘 物 可 與 一 種 或 以 上 掮 鎳 濃 縮 物 混 合 Μ 提 供 通 於 實 施 本 閲 ik 1 背 1 發 明 之 富 含 鐵 之 礦 物 進 料 0 攜 鎳 濃 縮 物 在 與 殘 餘 物 混 〇 之 面 之 1 注 1 前 可 Μ 被 鍛 燒 K 移 除 硫 〇 意 華 1 I 鐵 源 構 成 礦 物 進 料 或 被 用 來 提 供 確 物 進 料 之 礦 物 之 一 組 填 > 份 〇 鐵 源 可 包 括 金 靥 鐵 鐧 、 氧 化 鐵 > Λ**. 鐵 碾 > 鉻 礦 加 寫 本 頁 1 料 鉻 Λ 鎳 礦 及 濃 縮 物 廢 含 鎳 鐵 不 m 網 攜 鎳 及 /或 1 | 鎔 之 紅 土 及 黃 鐵 礦 磁 黃 鐵 確 或 其 混 合 物 其 可 被 鍛 燒 0 1 I 礦 物 進 料 較 佳 含 有 充 分 的 鐵 對 鎳 锇 合 金 產 物 而 言 其 代 1 1 訂 表 為 該 法 製 得 之 金 屬 產 物 之 至 少 50 重 量 % 對不锈鋼或含 i m 鐵 產 物 而 其 代 表 至 少 為 金 羼 產 物 之 70 重 量 % > i 1 鉻 源 可 構 成 礦 物 進 料 之 — 組 份 Q 鉻 源 可 >λ 包 括 鉻 -鐵氧 l 1 化 物 諸 如 紅 土 鎔 、 鉻 金 腾 加 料 鎔 &鐵合金） Λ 鉻 鐵 礦 1 及 /或其之混合物 >在鉻為礦物進料之- -重要組份之場合 1 9 進 料 中 鉻 之 量 可 被 調 整 Μ 確 保 其 至 少 為 金 靨 產 物 之 2 1 1 重 量 % K 2 -35重虽尤為 較 佳 0 1 1 製 程 添 加 劑 諸 如 助 熔 劑 等 可 被 加 到 在 熔 煉 爐 内 之 礦 物 進 1 1 料 中 0 或 者 其 可 於 在 熔 煉 爐 内 加 工 之 前 先 與 礦 物 進 料 混 1 1 I 合 〇 此 等 添 加 劑 可 >λ 包 括 石 灰 石 白 雲 石 或 其 他 助 熔 物 質 1 i 及 /或矽石 K及熔渣之有效處理或生產及/或 有 用 產 品 諸 1 1 如 不 m 鋼 之 期 望 規 格 所 需 之 任 何 其 他 礦 物 〇 1 1 能 源 諸 如 煤 焦 碳 煤 T>ti 碳 > 石 油 焦 碳 或 煤 渣 必 須 被 直 接 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨OX 297公釐） -11- 422884 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 ) 或者藉由與碾物進科之混合物經由風嘴及/或風嘴與頂部 加料設備之間之裂口加到爐中。一呰風嘴在某些情況可Μ 使用中性氣體諸如氮將碳質材料輸送到熔化物中Μ促進遨 原反應。碳源中被固定之碳正是驅動墦原反應之主要能量 及燃料來源。碳質材料之較佳形式為已被加工，移除大部 份濕氣及揮發物，而提供煤碳、焦碳、石油焦碳或煤渣者。 水不存在將使碳轉變成一氧化碳及二氧化碳所釋出之熱 達到最大及使碳之消耗減至最小。供燃燒之氣被加到爐中 。燃燒氧氣被加到熔渣相。其亦被加到熔渣相之上。所謂 燃燒氧氣意指* Μ體積計，含有至少60%Κ上，更佳至少 80 %Μ及最佳約95¾或Μ上之氧。 被加到熔渣相之上之氣體較佳含有至少90 氧以幫助一 氧化碳及碳燃燒，同時產生熱，顯著部份之熱被熔渣吸取 ，其藉著提供熱能Μ補償鎳及_遷原成金屬及/或金鼷合 金時能源因吸熱所造成之消耗，而可Μ促進還原過程。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 礦物進料在爐中熔煉之前可Μ接受預處理步驟。預處理 可Μ包括乾燥步驟及/或鍛燒步驟* Μ驅走硫及結晶水。 被鍛燒之礦物進料可Μ被直接移入熔煉爐Μ節省熱能。 可Μ用來提供礦物進料之攔帶鎳/鐵之典型硫化物碾之 例包括硫鎳鐵礦及紫碕鎳餓礦。含有此等碾物之碾從各種 來源諸如澳洲之凱思及蘭思特山得到。此等碾之硫化物濃 縮物之代表性分析被示於下頁之表1中。此等濃縮物由於 具有相當低的銅含量，所Μ特別適於實施本發明。其亦可 輿來自其他具有較高鋦含量之區域之礦物或濃縮物攙合* 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） _ 1 ο - 422884 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ίο Μ得到銅含量在可接受程度之攙合礦物進料。其特别適合 與紅土播合，表2顯示紅土礦體中常發琨之腐泥土礦、褐 鐵礦及過渡紅土礦之典型紅土分析。 表1 MT KEITH濃縮物(3 mm) 分析） 嘯 % Wi _ iliS ^Fe As (ppm) Cl (ppm) !SSi02 %Cu 水分 500 6.89 23.12 8.40 26.80 26.80 129 280 0.60 5.70 0.09 500 6.66 22.71 8.50 26.50 26.50 123 266 0.61 5.70 0.09 500 6.73 24.27 9.60 26.70 26.70 114 27Λ 0,61 6.50 0.08 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 策·4 2 2 ^ 84 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (l) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the processing of minerals containing nickel and iron into gold, especially, but not limited to, the manufacture of mills containing nickel and rhenium. Stainless lanthanum / steel products. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In conventional methods for processing mined chain-containing sulfide ores, nickel-containing mashes that typically contain 0.5-4 wt% nickel are generally subjected to a pretreatment step to produce condensate. In general, the pretreatment step includes the flotation of sulfide sulphur M and the nickel content of the concentrate formed in this step is usually 4-2 5 weight! "Within the range of nickel gold tincture. The treated sulfide ore contains a nickel source in the form of pyrite and / or amethyst, and it can be mixed with ore impurities such as pyrite, pyrrhotite, serpentine Stone, talc and peridot. The ore impurities with nickel ore may include thorium, copper, copper, cobalt, fluorine, chlorine, silicon, aluminum oxide, iron, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide K and the complex silicates and / or sulfides of these minerals. Thing. Sulfur-containing nickel concentrates can be subjected to further processing steps such as gasification smelting steps, M to manufacture nickel chains (n Uhel matte) and slag, and the heat supplied to the process by oxidation of the sulfur-containing minerals in the concentrate and by It is produced by adding coal, oil or gas, oxygen and electricity M to generate sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide gas. Nickel rhenium (usually containing 40¾ to 48¾ nickel) is discharged from the smelting furnace and can be further oxidized, and K gets more advanced nickel chains (usually containing 6 4 Ϊ to 7 2 S! Nickel) * It is generated in the form of slag Any iron oxide and other oxidized minerals. Iron oxide and other unwanted by-products from the oxidation process are usually discarded as slag or recycled back to the melting furnace. The presence of about 8 magnesium compounds in the slag will cause significant difficulties in operating a typical nickel sulfide flash smelter. In addition, the paper size of the chain is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (2) 〇 X 297 mm} (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Consumer Cooperatives III 1 I -------· = --N ^^ 1 ^^ 1 —i! I—--I > iJI—rl .........— IJ— I--^ -m ^ i II --- 1 ^^ 1 ml 1-1 ^^ 1 -4-422884 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the invention (2) 1 1 The ids become very high in the refined nickel metal specifications! 'I's rra 03 Difficulty 〇1 This high-grade nickel sharp can contain a mixture of cobalt nickel and copper 9 Finally, please use the wet method first 1 1 Metallurgical and / or electrolytic metallurgy Separation process kk get separated and almost pure shape read back 1 1 formula of 跼 Nickel and cobalt metal 0 Note 1 j Nickel is then often used with steel and other additives such as chromium Mb Hungry alloy m 戡 alloy and other things I Item | Mixing M in the electric arc furnace to manufacture steel alloys 〇 Refilling the slag generated in the initial oxidation and conversion steps may need to be processed. M Back to the page 1 Useful gold left in the slag 靥 This unnecessary gold之后 After the recycling process 1 | The slag may have no value Μ and must be environmentally and economically acceptable 1 Γ Discard 〇I Dispose of brown laterite and oxide ore containing chains (chain content is usually 1 weight η 1 amount% To 3% by weight) in another conventional process, the mineral is subjected to acid leaching (usually 1 1 is usually sulfuric acid mm under pressure), and then other process steps M are performed to separate and refine * 1 1 nickel into a nearly pure Gold 靥 0 or some of these laterite ore (such as saprolite) can be produced by roasting | calcination / granulation / conversion / agglutination followed by electric furnace reduction smelting with coal or coke Γ I carbon and electricity etc. 1 1 Although the conventional methods of the above type provide satisfactory nickel products that can be used to make 1 1 steel, the number of processing steps involved in the manufacture of nickel and finally stainless steel by commercial nickel sulfide g > Difficulties and harmful minor elements1 The high content of elements such as (but not limited to) magnesium phosphate and selenium compounds affects the quality of 1 1 I and final steel products. Furthermore, when these methods cause the production of non-woven mesh Valuable substances, namely iron, are discarded. In addition, the 1 1 slag produced by this method is generally not suitable for inclusion in aggregates or concrete for road construction. Therefore, its paper size is subject to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications. (210X297mm 丨 -5-A7! 422884 B7 V. The description of the invention (3) consumes processing costs. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The conventional stainless steel mesh manufacturing method uses some or all of the following raw materials: waste stainless steel mesh, scrap steel, nickel-iron alloy. Nickel metal, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, and manganese iron alloy. These materials are usually melted in an electric arc furnace and then refined in a refining furnace using a refining furnace such as a conversion furnace, vacuum removal of hydrogen, or oxychloride decarburization. In order for the product to have the desired properties, such as reducing carbon to very low concentrations, the hydrogen of the metal is partially or completely removed, and typical impurities such as sulfur > solar and phosphorus are removed. These refining steps are necessary. The hot-finished gold goblet is then cast into steel plates, bars or hot-rolled coils. Therefore, there is a need for a more commercially attractive manufacturing method that can reduce the number of steps required for processing into stainless steel nets (such as the manufacture of nickel-iron alloys without refining and melting into shovel by electric furnace) and processing of undesired magnesium Or the steps required for arsenic and selenium compounds, K and H are used in a cost-effective manner to make use of mimics such as iron produced by conventional methods. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In the invention described in this specification, the main feedstock for the production of stainless steel is only nickel sulfide and / or laterite and can not be directly used in traditional manufacturing methods mine. The crude gold tincture can then be subjected to ordinary refining and pouring operations or granulation in an AOD furnace. Therefore, electric arc furnaces or scrap steel and / or scrap stainless steel are not needed when manufacturing non-embroidered nets, but these materials can still be used depending on economics and convenience. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for processing a grade-I iron-containing mineral feed comprising the step of smelting the mineral feed M under reducing conditions to produce a nickel and iron-containing gold tincture product. 6 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs I 422884 A7 B7 5. Invention Description (4) More specifically, the present invention provides a方法 A method of reducing a mineral feed containing nickel-carrying minerals and / or concentrates M and 嬅 sources in a single smelting furnace to produce a gold rhenium alloy product containing both mirrors and iron-gold rhenium, including the following steps: ( i) Add the feed to the bath smelting furnace; (ii) In the bath smelting furnace, a carbon-containing slag layer is formed on the gold-alloy alloy product layer; (Hi) The oxygen-containing gas is directly Foaming through the slag layer, K forms a slag foam area above the relatively static slag area; (iv) gas-containing gas is introduced into the foam slag in the bath melting furnace, and the ore is burned away after M The gas of the slag layer; (ν > maintaining the slag layer in the original condition while forming metal droplets therein; and (vi) passing the droplet stream through the slag layer to accumulate under the slag layer to contain nickel And the metal alloy product layer of iron. The preferred component of the mineral feed is nickel. Alloys, metal products of nickel-containing iron or stainless steel. Many of the better alternatives and the performance aspects of this method are summarized below: * Π) Mineral feeds including dried and / or calcined concentrates are virgin, M produced Inconel or nickel-containing iron. Πί) Iron ore (which can be dried) is mixed with dried and / or calcined nickel telluride concentrate to provide a mineral feed. The mineral feed is then reduced to produce nickel-containing iron or nickel-iron alloys. (iH) Iron code and dried and / or calcined sulphurized spicy concentrate and nickel laterite 硪 The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) _ 7-(Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill this page) Policy. I 422884 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (5) 1 1 (which can be dried and / or calcined) Mix t Μ Provide mineral feed 〇 Then pellets 1_ The feed is reduced to produce nickel-iron or nickel-iron alloys. 1 (i V) Sulfide concentrate carrying nickel and laterite dish are combined and / or dried or calcined to provide mineral feed. 0 Feed m is produced by Kanbara M to produce iron or iron. 1 back 1 m ferroalloy. Face i Note J (V) Nickel laterite or mixed with iron ore is used to provide the feed > feed intention 1 I was 遨 hara into iron or nickel ore containing m. Feed in Qianyuan It can be dried before Φ- 一 'drying 0% On this page 1 (V i) chromite can be dried and added to (I), (ii), (i I i) »(ί V) or 1 | (V) as defined in the mineral feed and ™-the heated nickel-carrying ore I — * used in a separate bath smelting furnace or in a separate electric furnace i bath 1 1 it smelting furnace waste heat Power to reduce it to chromium Mh m alloy. Then the mineral feed 1 meets the original K to make the rough 趿 m steel σ i 1 (V ii) from the above-mentioned (i) to (V) ferrochrome, mirror iron alloy and / or I-containing nickel. By conversion and / Or the A0D process is further refined, and M produces stainless steel or road iron alloy of desired grade Λ, nickel-iron alloy or nickel-containing iron 0. These steps will help Γ to remove unwanted elements such as sulfur, hydrogen, selenium, etc. and reduce carbon Very low concentrations of 0 I 1 (V m) fluxes, such as calcium oxide, required for I 1 m steel are added to the bath smelting furnace to help 1 I maintain fluid slag. 1 (1 X) The temperature of the slag can be increased above the general temperature required for making pig iron. 1 1 | j is from 1 400 t to 1 600 ¾ to 1 700 to 2000 to help maintain the fluid slag. 1 1 (X) The ability to operate high temperature fluid slag will combine in the post-Burma smelting step 1 1 This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) 8 Α7 Β7 Employees of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the cooperative V. Description of the invention (6) 1 1 Product M • f / r The ability to meet market specifications is increased by 1 without the need to perform complex pre-processing at the beginning of the process, as those who must maintain low-flow Mitt slag temperature Processing steps 1 1 4 The ratio of nickel in the mineral feed can be adjusted. Make sure that the gold-alloy alloy product package is read. Please read General 1 1 including at least 1% 但% nickel but still use lower-level feeds. Better is made. 1 | The ratio of nickel in gold alloy products is at least 5% by weight, more preferably at least 8 1 Note J 1% by weight or even up to 15 to 35 weights depending on product specifications 3: or more 0 Final intentions | The i standard is to achieve the desired correct percentage of nickel in stainless steel products. Nickel in ferro-alloy minerals or other chemicals in the chemical or gold form can be written on this page. 1 Added to the feed. M Increases the ratio of nickel in the metal product. 0 Nickel is usually calcined. 1 I sulfide concentrate and / Or nickel laterite (can be dried or calcined as appropriate) is stored in the feed 0, but the spicy feed that is not forged and / or dried is used in some cases 1 1 'can be used, such as sulfur available from the process Where the discharge from the smelting step is received at 1 nanometer. 0 1 The feed may include magnesium compounds. 0 The magnesium compounds may be in the form of talc. It may be combined with other elements into the complex sulfide / silicate compound, magnesium compound X. Up to 10 weights of mineral feeds are exempted > even higher than 15% by weight 0 It has been noted that the conventional flash smelting system of Γ I to feeds with nickel sulfide concentrates is smelted under the conditions of sulfide oxygen 1 1 When there is a high content of magnesium in the mineral feed, which is about 8¾ in a flash smelting furnace or 1 2¾ in a bath smelting furnace according to our experience, this method 1 | will be difficult or impossible to apply to the business. 1 liter 9 on the slag condensation temperature and viscosity makes the molten slag and the chain m method fully flow and increases the difficulty of the furnace operation [1 I Difficulty 0 The result must be additional treatment kk reduce the feed such as concentrated magnesium in toughness y but This method often causes the nickel recovery in the sulfide condensate in the flotation step to decrease 1 1. Under the conditions of the present invention »can be operated at a relatively high degree of magnesium 1 1 This paper size applies Chinese national standards (CNS ) Α4 specification (210X297 mm) -9-A7 B7 V. Invention Ming (7) (that is, 1500 ° C to 20001C, 1200 ° C to 1400P for conventional flash smelting), at this temperature * the viscosity of the commonly used slag composition is significantly reduced and the slag can be free in the furnace flow. This means that the tighter control of slag formation required at lower temperatures is significantly reduced. See Figures 6 and 7, the diagrams of the SiOz, A103, Si02 > MgO system illustrate this point. In the method of the present invention, most of the arsenic and selenium enter the nickel chain product under the oxidation conditions of flash or bath smelting, because arsenic and selenium are generally entered into the slag and smoke (usually 7 5¾). In this case, the problem of minerals carrying arsenic and selenium can be significantly reduced. The mill feed may include a concentrate carrying nickel ore. Generally, it is a flotation condensate that is dried and calcined. It may include admixtures of various minerals and / or concentrates. It may also include only dry forging concentrates from a single source. Mineral feeds should not include significant amounts of feed, as radon causes brittleness of the golden pupa product. Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Consumer Cooperative (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). The copper content of the feed is preferably to enable the gold layer product to contain less than 0.5% by weight, more preferably less than 0.2. Weight of copper, even more preferably less than 0.05% by weight copper. Or the weight ratio of copper to nickel in the mineral feed may be lower than 1: 18, and more preferably lower than 1: 50. When one or more components in the mineral feed include copper with a higher ratio than the preferred ratio | The other components of the feed can be selected with low feed content to ensure the integrity of the components that constitute the mill feed. Obtaining the gold ore products containing the most preferred range. The mineral feed may include leaching of solid oxides and / or carbonate residues obtained by nickel leaching. The mirror-carrying ore may be nickel laterite. Leaching can be performed under conditions that allow a small or significant portion of nickel to enter the solid residue. Similarly, leaching conditions can be those that allow a small or substantial portion of iron to enter the residue. The scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0X297mm) _ ι λ _ 422884 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (8) 1 1 Eliminate removable cobalt , Copper or any other undesired material from minerals. 1 1 m should be acidic. 0 acid can be sulphuric acid. 0 m can be carried out under a large pressure. The pressure can be increased. Reduce iron and phosphorus and Dissolution rate of alumina 0 Residual r—v Please 1 1 The residue can be mixed with one or more 掮 Ni concentrates M To provide the iron-rich mineral feed of the invention through the implementation of this document 1 Back 1 The nickel concentrate Before being mixed with the residue 1 of the surface 1 Note 1 can be burned K to remove sulfur 0 Yihua 1 I Iron source constitutes a mineral feed or is used to provide a solid feed of minerals Packing > Iron sources can include gold, iron, iron oxide > Λ **. Iron Mill > Chromite Additions on this page 1 Chromium Λ Nickel ore and concentrate waste containing nickel and iron Nickel and / or 1 | Hafnium laterite and pyrite magnetic pyrite or mixtures thereof which can be calcined 0 1 I The mineral feed preferably contains sufficient iron for nickel-rhenium alloy products 1 1 It is at least 50% by weight of the metal product obtained by this method. For stainless steel or im-containing iron products, it represents at least 70% by weight of the gold product. ≫ i 1 The chromium source may constitute the mineral feed-component Q The chromium source may > λ includes chromium-ferrite l 1 compounds such as laterite gadolinium, chrome aluminous materials & ferroalloys) Λ chromite 1 and / or mixtures thereof > where chromium is a mineral feed--an important component Occasion 1 9 The amount of chromium in the feed can be adjusted to ensure that it is at least 2 1 1% by weight K 2 -35 weight is particularly preferred 0 1 1 Process additives such as fluxes can be added to the mineral in the smelting furnace 1 1 material 0 or it can be mixed with minerals before processing in the smelting furnace Feed mix 1 1 I combined. These additives may be> λ including limestone dolomite or other fluxing substances 1 i and / or silica K and slag for effective treatment or production and / or useful products. 1 1 If not m Any other minerals required for the desired specifications of steel 0 1 1 Energy such as coal coke coal T > ti carbon > petroleum coke or coal slag must be directly 1 1 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2丨 OX 297mm) -11- 422884 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) Or add it to the furnace through the nozzle and / or the gap between the nozzle and the top feeding device through the mixture with the milling material. A tuyere can, in some cases, use a neutral gas such as nitrogen to transport carbonaceous materials into the melt to promote the protonation reaction. The fixed carbon in the carbon source is the main source of energy and fuel that drives the prinogen reaction. The preferred form of carbonaceous material is one that has been processed to remove most of the moisture and volatiles, and provides coal, coke, petroleum coke or cinder. The absence of water maximizes the heat released from the conversion of carbon to carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide and minimizes the consumption of carbon. Gas for combustion is added to the furnace. Combustion oxygen is added to the slag phase. It is also added to the slag phase. By so-called burning oxygen is meant * by volume, containing at least 60% K, more preferably at least 80% M, and most preferably about 95¾ or M oxygen. The gas added to the slag phase preferably contains at least 90 oxygen to help carbon monoxide and carbon burn, and at the same time generate heat, a significant part of the heat is absorbed by the slag, which compensates nickel and _ original source by providing thermal energy M The energy consumption of metals and / or gold alloys due to heat absorption can promote the reduction process. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back before filling this page). The mineral feed can be pretreated before it is smelted in the furnace. Pre-treatment may include a drying step and / or a calcination step. * The sulphur and crystallization water are driven off. The calcined mineral feed can be moved directly into the melting furnace to save heat energy. Examples of typical nickel / iron trap sulfide mills that can be used to provide mineral feed include pyrite and amethyst. Mills containing these mills are obtained from a variety of sources, such as Kath and Mount Lanster in Australia. A representative analysis of these milled sulfide concentrates is shown in Table 1 on the next page. These concentrates are particularly suitable for carrying out the invention because of their relatively low copper content. It can also be combined with minerals or concentrates from other regions with high radon content. * The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) _ 1 ο-422884 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ( ίο Μ yields a mixed mineral feed with acceptable copper content. It is particularly suitable for planting with laterite. Table 2 shows typical laterite analysis of saprolite, limonite, and transitional laterite in the laterite ore body. Table 1 Analysis of MT KEITH Concentrate (3 mm))% Wi_iliS ^ Fe As (ppm) Cl (ppm)! SSi02% Cu Moisture 500 6.89 23.12 8.40 26.80 26.80 129 280 0.60 5.70 0.09 500 6.66 22.71 8.50 26.50 26.50 123 266 0.61 5.70 0.09 500 6.73 24.27 9.60 26.70 26.70 114 27Λ 0,61 6.50 0.08 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Policy ·
*1T 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標率（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） 13 4228 84 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 鎺2_ NiO pefe3 MgO F0免 c「203 Mn〇 CaO S203 TipsipSI p』i SO3 Naz〇 #1±1薦 2.05 63.92 1.63 0.15 1.73 1.25 0.01 5k 0.04 5,52 15.65 0.12 0.73 0.14 舊 3.16 21,50 1P8P17 0,?? 0.46 0.16 1.46 0.02 38.60 13.30 0,08 0.17 MiE±5i¥^fi 3. s 16.48 24.16 o.gp35 0.29 0.15 L21 0.01 38.61 14.71 0.8 P12 ^^^1- mu ^^^^1 ^^^^1 «X Jm 1il ^^^^1 ^^^1· n —fl^— \~flJ (請先闖讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 14 422884 A7 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 B7五、發明説明（12 ) 做為依本發明方法加工之碾物進料之碥物包括之銅湄度 若超過較佳範圍，可令該礦物先進行預加工步驟，以幫肋 鋸之移除。預加工步驟可K包括浮選。 亦可Μ令礦物進料進行其他預加工步驟以移除其他不期 望的物質。該預加工步驟可Μ包括浮選Μ產生富含饞的礦 物進料。另一預加工步驟可Κ包括乾燥及/或鍛燒，以驅 除硫及水。鍛燒宜在流化床烤爐或轉爐中進行。富含鎳之 细粉塵可Μ自烤爐或窯之煙道廢氣中回收並與礦物進料混 合。該细粉塵可Μ適當比例與礦物進料混合並被饋人浴式 熔煉爐中，或者可Μ用氧及/或氮或其他適當氣體將细粉 塵經由風嘴直接吹入熔煉爐中。 本發明之方法可Μ在浴式熔煉爐諸如RoraeU，Vanukov 或Ausmelt熔煉爐中進行。浴式熔煉爐藉著將碾物進料或 其他材料引進爐内之熔化金鼷及/或泡沫熔渣中而間歇或 連續操作。其可K氧化或還原模式操作*此端視所用之進 料混合物及產能物質而定。在本發明中其K遷原模式操作 ，以製造鏡鐵合金，含鎳鐵，鉻鐵合金鋼及/或不锈鋦。 在浴式熔煉爐中*條件被控制成能使泡沫熔渣之溫度維持 在1300至20001之範圍内*以160()至19001〇為較佳。熔渣 藉著將一股氧氣，較佳一股燃燒氧氣，由較低列之風嘴注 人熔渣中而攪動熔渣（起泡沫該注入亦提供熔渣中過量 碳質材料諸如煤、煤碳或焦碳之部份燃燒所需之氧氣，其 主要產生一氧化碳。煤或煤碳或焦碳可隨進料被直接鐫入 爐中。氧及碳質材料之注入速率可Μ被調整K控制熔渣層 -15 - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 装. if 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨0 X 297公釐） ί 4 2 28 84 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（13) 中產生之鐵及鎳金薦之比率。若所有的鐵要被遷原成金屬 則必須有過剩的碳，但若只有鎳要被還原而剰餘的鐵礦留 在熔渣中則可Μ有較少的碳。由於鎳碾通常比鐵確優先遨 原，煤及氧之注入量相對較低時所生成之金臛產物比在相 對較高氧注入率下所得之產物含有更多的鎳。鎳與鐵之比 率，藉著調整進料之組份Μ及氧及碳質材料注人熔渣層之 速率而通常被調整成如下之比例：對鎳鐵合金而言，20-453SNi 比 80-55!UFe，對含鎳鐵而言，10-15S；Hi 比 90-85!KFe ，對不銹鋼而言，70-75%Fe。 較上列之風嘴被用來注人燃燒氣氣以供後鑛燃燒自熔渣 表面離開之氣體。在流體熔渣浴中注入燃燒氣氣所引起之 攪動Μ及礦物及碳質材料之细粒有助於產生巨大的表面積 ，此可增加鐵還原之速率Κ及促進熔渣將截獲及回收之後 鑛燃燒熱以高比例轉用至在遷原條件下之製程。較高之熔 渣溫度對遷原速率亦有助益。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 {請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 在較低列風嘴之下之熔渣層相對地平靜。在該相對靜態 之區域，產物之金屬化小滴與熔渣層分離而滴入爐之底部 。金鼷及金屬合金Κ及熔渣經虹吸管口或其他適當設備及 機制自爐中連讀或間欺放出。 浴式熔煉爐可Μ在略微真空下操作而不需要特殊之密封 或鎖緊。離開爐之廢氣，溫度通常在1500 t至2200¾之範 圍內，可以被用於廢熱鍋爐中，之後其可被導入氣體清潔 設備。廢氣亦可在被用於廢熱鍋爐之前或之後用空氣燃燒 。廢熱被用於產生蒸氣，而為製造氧及浴式熔煉爐之動力 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -ΙΑ- A7 422884 B7 五、發明説明（U ) 需求提供足量之電力*過剩時可Μ輸出動力或用於額外的 製程。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 所產生之過剰動力亦可被用於習用熔煉爐中還原鉻鐵礦 。如此製得之鉻鐵合金然後與鎳鐵合金或含鎳鐵混合* Μ 在轉換爐及/或AOD爐中製造不綉鋼。鉻鐵合金在轉換爐中 也能被精製且與鎳鐵合金及/或含鎳鐵分開販賣。 本發明方法製得之金屬合金可Κ用本申請人於1 9 9 5年1 0 月30日申請之澳洲申請案ΡΝ6247敘述之製粒技術製粒。該 說明書所描述之將綱製粒之方法可被應用於本發明所製造 之金靨，即使其主要為鐵產品而非鋼產品形式。 依照本發明製造之粗製金屬合金可以於還原條件下被製 成後立即製粒或澆鑲成鋼板、條鋼或熱軋鋼捲；其亦可在 任何後鑛處理步驟之後被製粒或澆鏞成鋼板、條鏑或熱軋 鋼捲。舉例言之，本發明方法製得之粗製金屬可Μ在轉換 爐或A0D爐中精製> Μ製造不銹鋼，其然後依照申請案 ΡΝ62 47之說明書之教示製粒。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本發明之金屬合金產品通常可為含鎳鐵、鎳鐵合金、鉻 鐵合金或粗製不銹鋼。其可包括一些鉻及/或鈷Μ及其他 卑金靥及貴金靥之微量雜質。金鼷合金產物可以接受進一 步的加工Κ製造精製的不锈鋼產品。還原製程製得之熔渣 ，尤其是接受乾冷製程者•適於Μ凝聚物用於築路、混凝 土、或其他白榴火山灰應用。當預期顯著比例之砷及/或 晒將存在於自製程排放之煙道廢氣及廢棄之熔渣中時，本 發明方法適於處理具有不期望量之砷及硒之進料。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準（CNS Μ4規格（210X297公釐) _ 7 _ 經濟部t央標隼局員工消費合作社印裂 422884 A7 B7 五、發明説明（15) 自浴式熔煉爐釋出之過剩製程熱可被用於產生操作製程 及製造氧所需之部份或全部動力及/或蒸氣，任何過剩者 被用做輸出的動力。 另一方面，本發明提供進行本發明製程之設備。 再一方面，本發明提供按照本發明方法製得之金靥產物。 本發明之較佳具體例 本發明之較佳具體例現參照附圖說明。 圖示之簡要說明 圖1顯示按照本發明之製程之流程圖。 圖2說明圖1所示之製程结束時可被附加之製程之流程圖。 圖3說明圖1所示之製程结束時可被附加之製程之另一流 程圖。 圖4說明納人製備礦物進料之額外步驟之製程之流程圖。 圖5說明典型的R 〇 m e U熔煉爐之仰視圖。 圖6說明Mg0-Si02糸統之相圖。 圖7說明〇(AL203-Si02系統之相圓。 較佳具體例之詳细說明 參照圖示1*顯示一利用浴式熔煉爐進行本發明方法之 流程圖，其被標示為1。 流化床乾燥器及/或烤爐4設有一糸列供熱空氣或熱燃燒 氣1¾上吹通過床之空氣管道5，Μ連續攪動自給料漏斗10-14之一個或多個引進流化床乾燥器及或烤爐之碾物進料。 另一選擇為用旋轉窯進行乾燥及/或烘烤。給料漏斗10-14 可Μ引進不同的礦物進料組成物•此時需要將礦物進料攙 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐> -~1§ - (請先鬩讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 袈1 、?τ A7 422884 B7 五、發明説明（16 ) 合。典型的硫系進料組合物為表1所示者Μ及紅土組成物 為表2所示者。自給料漏斗10-14排放之速率可以被調整， Μ得到具最有效操作本發明方法所期望之參數之碾物進料 攙合物。乾燥或烘烤之後，進料被貯存在給料漏斗4Α中。 來自流化床烤爐之排放氣體及微细顆粒經由旋風洗氣器 6或其他設備（例如靜電沉澱器）移出並被移送至微细顆粒 箱8。 富含二氧化硫之經洗滌氣體被饋入酸製造設備中，在該 處其於觸煤存在下接受來自空氣管線15之空氣進一步燃熵 並與管線16引進之水混合，Μ製造硫酸。 硫酸經由酸排放管1?移出Κ及殘餘氣體經由排氣口 19排 放。 已被移送至微细顆粒箱之微细顆粒最終可被直接再循環 回浴式熔煉爐18>或可被貯存在給料漏斗8Α中Μ備於需要 時被引進熔煉爐18中，或者僅是被送入廢料中。 對Rome U熔煉爐而言，浴式熔煉爐宜在少量真空，較佳 約2 . 5ibio水柱下操作。其他條件則可能適用於其他類型之 熔煉爐。 多個給料漏斗4A，8A及20-25被設置，Μ於需要時將乾 燥原料饋人浴式熔煉爐18中。典型熔煉爐之較詳细構造現 參照圖5說明於下。給料漏斗一般可Μ包括礦物進料（給料 漏斗4Α)，微细顆粒（漏4 8Α)，經鍛燒之濃縮物（給料漏斗 20)，鉻鐵礦（給料漏421)，鐵礦（給料漏斗22)，來自熔 煉Μ之循環灰分（給料漏斗23) >經鍛燒之石灰石及或其他 本紙張尺及逋用中國國家標準（CNS ) A#規格（210Χ297公釐) -1Q_ (請先闖讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -衣. '1Τ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 422884 A7 B7 五、發明説明（17) 斗 漏 料 給 /|\ 等 石 雲 白 如 諸 熔 助 的 斗 漏 科 當(r 適碳 焦 或 / 及 煤 及 Μ 入所 落體 Μ 氣 , 之 中渣 爐熔 煉入 熔饋 式著 浴藉 入且 饋並 接中 直層 被渣 料熔 原的 之動 斗搅 漏入 料饋 姶接 自直 來被 或 該入 然饋 雖氧 〇 將 30解 及 了 29應 嘴但 風 ’ 之氧 高送 較鎖 及壁 。低爐 中較煉 渣有熔 熔設過 Lv 5Γ Λ Β 穿 混分係 而爐嘴 動煉風 攢熔之 之式示 生浴所 產 圖 生 產。Μ 能 * 可渣 為熔 亦入 置吹 配氣 他空 其之 之 氧 上 含 之 富 層將 渣成 熔置 至配 送被 饋嘴 及風 中 的 層低 渣較 熔 渣 熔 之 層體 上氣 較/ 層 渣 熔 沫 泡 之 式 形 液 乳 體 氣 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 體物期 氣化程 乳 製 渣於 熔。 ,線 分 臑之 金間 示渣 表熔 43態 線靜 虛對 〇 相 示之 表下 42之 線29 虛嘴 Μ 風 渣物低 熔化較 為乳與 之。保 f 中纟 靜 & Μ 過池， 屬 穿 整 沉U調 下彳被 力_«£ S一之 2 S^TM 0 ^ ^ 小14之» ^ « 金W含 A金夂 合/^人 屬渣注 金熔29 括在嘴 包人風 之落低 成，較 形渣經 間熔· ,ιτ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裂 體 氣一 ί 之成 ¾中生 1'iJi要 氣 /#渣主 渣熔果 熔沫結 及泡 -K 在下 爐，之 煉此件 熔因條 進。原 引燒遷 被燃在 份持 部維 之被 料物 材合 質混 碳料 之 層 物 b /1 材 / 諸 體 氣 他 其 但 碳 化 氧 該 在 部 上 α 較 在之 存爐 量煉 之熔 小 至 較移 對力 相重 Μ因 能體 可氣 亦碳 碳化 化氣 氧一 二 的 或要 氫主 如 嘴成 風燒 高燃 較鑛 經後 7 ο 2 C 線使 管以 氧進 由引 與被 其碳 處及 it 1¾達 弓 2 氧 的 量 足 ο 應 反 氧 之 反 使 此 藉 量 的 望 期 至 回原 返遨 ο 激ί *y. 吸 物 o b 3 /1 有氧 常 靥 通金 中進 熱促 的而 生量 產能 〇 外 度額 溫的 的需 望所 期供 在提 持以 維 ’ 劑渣 應熔 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 20 4 2 2 8 B 4 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（18 ) I 1 成 金 屬 及 /或合金C 1 I 來 S 浴 式 熔 煉 爐 之 極 熱 排 放 氣 體 被 饋 人 燃 燒 器 45 中 且 可 1 1 I 與 更 多 由 空 氣 管 線 46供 應 之 空 氣 反 ftfff m Μ 全 燃 燒 0 /-V 請 先 1 1 閱 1 來 白 燃 燒 器 45 之 極 熱 氣 體 然 後 被 移 送 至 廢 熱 鍋 爐 48中 並 讀 & 1 I r\ 1 I 用 於 產 生 蒸 氣 j 該 蒸 氣 可 經 m 氣 排 放 管 49被 饋 送 至 工 廠 或 之 1 注 1 其 他 用 逯 的 電 力 生 產 設 備 9 Μ 製 造 氧 或 為 其 他 需 要 供 Hta· 膨 製 思· 事 1 項 1 程 熱 0 在 本 製 程 之 任 何 其 他 階 段 產 生 之 過 剩 熱 可 被 同 樣 地 再 ▲ 輸 送 以 供 應 製 程 熱 並 產 生 電 力 或 按 需 要 使 用 〇 浴 式 熔 煉 爐 寫 本 頁 装 1 被 預 期 能 提 供 iJH m 剩 熱 之 其 他 來 源 (例如經由乾燥空氣熔渣 1 1 冷 卻 ) > | 靜 電 沉 澱 器 51或 其 他 適 當 的 設 備 被 配 置 Κ 收 集 來 白 排 放 1 訂 氣 mm 體 之 灰 分 且 該 灰 分 與 來 自 廢 熱 鍋 爐 48 之 灰 分 在 灰 分 收 集 1 | as. 益 52中 混 合 並 被 再 循 環 回 灰 分 收 集 漏 斗 43Μ 最 後 回 到 浴 式 1 1 熔 煉 爐 或 者 被 當 做 廢 物 扔 掉 0 \ 1 經 過 清 潔 的 氣 體 最 後 經 由 煙 函 被 排 放 0 丄 包 括 m 鐵 合 金 > 含 鎳 鐵 及 不 锈 網 之 液 體 可 藉 金 靥 虹 吸 管 1 1 40 g 浴 式 熔 煉 爐 中 移 除 同 樣 地 熔 渣 亦 可 藉 熔 渣 虹 吸 管 I ί 1 41移 除 0 本 文 所 用 之 名 詞 厂 液 態 金 屬 J 包 括 金 靨 合 金 0 金 I 1 屬 及 熔 渣 之 移 除 可 為 連 鑛 性 或 間 歆 性 其 視 相 靦 設 埔 之 特 1 1 殊 要 件 而 定 0 1 來 i 熔 渣 虹 吸 管 之 熔 渣 可 被 製 粒 Μ 使 其 適 用 於 築 路 等 1 應 用 〇 1 1 1 來 白 金 鼷 虹 吸 管 之 粗 製 液 體 金 腾 可 被 製 粒 或 澆 m 成 板 或 1 1 棒 或 可 如 下 逑 被 轉 換 精 製 及 加 工 0 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榇準（CNS ) A4規格（2I0X297公釐） ί 4 2 28 84 Α7 Β7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（19 ) ! 1 參 照 圖 2 按匾1所 逑 方 法 製 造 之 包 括 鎳 鐵 合 金 含 m Λ*!» m J I 或 不 m 網 之 金 靨 被 直 接 饋 入 氧 轉 換 爐 及 /或氩 氧脫碳爐 1 71中 9 在 該 處 用 來 i 氧 供 應 源 72 之 氧 及 其 他 氣 體 將 其 精 製 請 先 1 1 S Μ 使 熔 融 的 不 m 鐵 金 屬 轉 變 成 不 i% m 〇 廿 具 他 添 加 物 諸 如 閱 讀 1 背 1 鎔 金 靥 或 加 料 鉻 或 者 鉻 鐵 礦 可 被 加 到 _ 換 爐 内 之 熔 化 之 1 注 1 不 m ΛΜ 鐵 金 屬 中 0 鉻 金 屬 或 加 料 络 (S $鐵合金） 可 在 電 爐 ηΒΟ. 中 藉 意 事 1 項 1 混 合 有 焦 碳 矽 石 及 石 灰 之 鉻 鐵 礦 而 被 製 造 Μ 及 Η 熔 融 形 再 4 式 被 直 接 饋 人 氧 熔 煉 爐 或 氧 轉 換 爐 及 /或氬氧脫碳爐中 % 本 頁 装 1 在 轉 換 爐 及 /或氩氧脫碳爐中製得之不銹鋼然後被饋入 1 1 本 φ 請 人 之 申 請 案 PN6247所 述 之 製 粒 器 73中 且 生 成 之 顆 粒 I 被 饋 人 冷 卻 器 74中 在 該 處 其 用 供 應 管 線 75供 應 之 抗 氧 化 1 1 - 訂 劑 噴 霧 液 處 理 製 造 粒 狀 不 m m 產 品 0 1 在 圖 3之流程圖所示之另- -配置中 來自管線40之熔化 1 1 金 屬 被 直 接 m 入 製 粒 器 73中 之 後 該 顆 粒 在 冷 卻 器 74中 被 I 1 冷 卻 且 可 用 抗 氧 化 劑 處 理 Μ 製 造 m 鐵 合 金 產 物 或 者 其 上 可 為 粒 狀 含 鎳 鐵 0 視 在 浴 式 熔 煉 爐 中 或 電 爐 中 之 加 工 條 件 I I 及 鎳 鐵 合 金 產 物 之 金 屬 組 成 產 物 甚 至 可 為 粒 狀 不 m 鋼 肜 1 I 式 或 者 為 鋼 板 或 熱 軋 鋼 捲 等 澆 鐮 產 物 0 1 1 從 前 文 可 Μ 明 白 因 為 在 參 照 圖 1至3所 述 之 具 體 例 中 9 1 1 本 發 明 之 方 法 不 需 要 任 何 溼 法 冶 金 步 驟 0 其 生 成 有 用 的 熔 1 渣 產 物 Μ 及 具 有 比 前 述 習 知 方 法 更 少 之 步 驟 〇 其 利 用 破 物 1 1 進 料 所 含 之 鐵 Μ 及 使 砷 及 晒 污 染 物 減 至 最 低 0 其 提 供 產 生 1 製 程 之 電 力 及 氧 所 霜 之 能 量 亦 可 避 免 使 用 供 製 造 不 銹 網 1 1 之 電 弧 爐 〇 因 此 本 申 請 人 之 方 法 與 習 知 方 法 相 較 具 有 顧 1 1 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標率（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） -22™ ? 422884 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2〇) 著優點。又能直接製造不銹鐧之易於蓮輸之粒狀產物或者 澆鋪鋼板或條鋼或熱軋鋼捲為本申請人方法之另一儍點。 所Μ本發明被認為係製造轉鐵合金、鐵及擁鎳不綉鋼產 品之習知方法之經濟有效替代法。 參照圖4，其顯示將瀝濾殘餘物與經锻燒之鎳濃縮物組 合Μ如下列實胞例所述製造適於在浴式熔煉爐中熔煉之進 料之流程圖。 鎳紅土礦或濃縮物被餵入維持在超大氣壓下之瀝瀘槽80 。將紅土用硫酸瀝濾及將壓力維持在能姐止任何鐵或鋁礦 過度溶解之程度。加壓瀝滤產生溶有鎳及鈷之溶液Μ及富 含鐵及含有一些殘餘鎳之殘餘物。 將殘餘物與溶液分離，然後乾燥及貯存在暫存設備52中 ，自該處其可被直接饋入浴式熔煉爐84中。 經濟部令央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 來自來源86之經乾燥及/或鍛燒之鍊濃縮物亦被加到饋 人浴式熔煉爐之總礦物進料中。此外，流程圖各種步驟之 全部過程所產生之灰分（此處未示出，但被示於圔1中）亦 可自製程灰分儲存箱88加到碟物進料中。來自各種來源80 至86及88之進料之相對濃度可Κ被調整，以使礦物進科中 之鎳達到令人滿意之比例，同時確保不期望之物質諸如銅 或鈷被維持在預定限度之下。鎳金羼亦可被添加。 含有鐵及鎳之熔化金屬從浴式熔煉爐被直接饋入轉換爐 9 4及/或氩氧脫碳爐*在該處其與純鎳及/或其他金龎進料 諸如鉻鐵合金、鐵或鋼或其他鏡鐵合金合併。 在被說明之具體例中，來自瀝濾槽80之富含鎳及鈷之瀝 尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） _ 〇 〇 _ / 422884 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（2 L ) 1 1 m 溶 液 被 移 送 至 設 備 90 諸 如 溶 劑 萃 取 及 電 解 冶 金 工 廠 或 1 其 他 被 用 於 分 離 金 fr^ 腾 諸 如 鎳 及 鈷 之 溼 法 冶 金 製 程 將 鎳 及 1 1 鈷 移 送 至 暫 存 設 備 92 1 殘 餘 物 經 由 排 放 管 線 91 丟 棄 0 請 1 I 先 1 鈷 可 被 排 放 至 儲 存 設 備 93 而 鎳 可 Μ 被 直 接 加 到 轉 換 爐 閱 讀 1 背 f 9 4及 /或氩氧脫碳爐中 在該處鐵/ 鎳 金 屬 混 合 物 被 _ 換 成 面 之 1 注 不 m 鋼 〇 意 筆 1 項 1 廢 氣 95可 被 用 來 供 應 製 程 熱 及 產 生 電 力 0 導 八 被 熔 化 之 沃 斯 田 (攜鎳） 不 m 鋼 可 經 由 管 線 96排 出 Μ 被 鳥 本 頁 装 1 澆 鋪 成 網 板 條 鋦 或 熱 軋 鋼 捲 或 其 他 適 當 的 產 物 或 者 Μ 1 | 下 述 方 式 被 製 粒 0 I I 參 照 ΕΞΙ 圃 5 其顯示典型的熔煉爐構造50 其内襯有不同 1 1 訂 特 定 附 火 材 料 51 製 成 之 爐 床 頂 及 爐 rfOa. 壁 〇 冷 卻 隔 室 52諸 如 水 1 冷 卻 銅 室 被 設 在 壁 中 〇 在 泡 沫 熔 渣 區 使 用 冷 卻 隔 室 内 襯 爐 1 1 壁 表 示 該 區 域 無 耐 火 材 料 直 接 暴 露 ΰ 冷 卻 隔 室 之 作 用 為 1 | 冷 卻 隔 室 表 面 之 熔 渣 藉 此 >x 熔 渣 層 之 熔 渣 作 為 非 反 應 性 附 火 内 襯 0 由 於 熔 煉 爐 通 常 在 極 高 溫 度 (i8〇or )下 埋 作 > i 能 耐 受 如 此 苛 酷 條 件 之 適 當 耐 火 材 料 之 選 擇 非 常 有 限 且 使 1 1 用 該 耐 火 材 料 之 費 用 極 為 Ε8 貴 0 所 >1 在 爐 之 該 區 使 用 冷 卻 1 1 隔 室 能 提 供 實 質 之 益 處 ύ 1 L 礦 物 進 料 及 煤 經 由 設 在 爐 頂 之 充 填 滑 槽 53被 饋 入 熔 煉 爐 1 [a 中 Μ 及 燃 m 氣 體 經 由 排 氣 收 集 管 54離 開 〇 富 含 氧 之 空 氣 或 1 1 工 業 用 氧 氣 60 經 由 較 低 風 嘴 58提 供 Μ 及 工 業 用 氧 氣 6 1 經 1 由 較 高 風 嘴 59 提供 > 1 1 熔 渣 中 之 固 體 分 佈 於 三 暦 最 上 層 57包 括 產 生 的 氣 U0 體 少 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2IOX297公釐） ~ 24 - ! 4 2 2BR4 A7 B7 五、發明説明（22) 由於其被燃燒的氣體攪動，所Μ具有高度攪動性質。中間 層56含有熔渣及金靥小滴。底層5 5含有熔化鐵與鎳之混合 物。需要時，底部熔化金靥層可被放出（未示出）Μ移出熔 化金臛。同樣地，熔渣層包括移出過多熔渣之排放點（未 示出）。 雖然為了方便起見，參照特佳之具體例說明本發明，但 應了解其他構造及配置被認為在本發明之範圍内。本文所 述之構造及配置之各種修改，改換*變異及/或加裝亦被 認為在本發明之範圍及領域内。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) '麥. 訂 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（2丨0X297公釐） 25* 1T Printed on the paper of the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) 13 4228 84 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention鎺 2_ NiO pefe3 MgO F0 free c "203 Mn〇CaO S203 TipsipSI p" i SO3 Naz〇 # 1 ± 1 recommended 2.05 63.92 1.63 0.15 1.73 1.25 0.01 5k 0.04 5,52 15.65 0.12 0.73 0.14 old 3.16 21,50 1P8P17 0, ?? 0.46 0.16 1.46 0.02 38.60 13.30 0,08 0.17 MiE ± 5i ¥ ^ fi 3. s 16.48 24.16 o.gp35 0.29 0.15 L21 0.01 38.61 14.71 0.8 P12 ^^^ 1- mu ^^^^ 1 ^^^^ 1 «X Jm 1il ^^^^ 1 ^^^ 1 · n —fl ^ — \ ~ flJ (Please read the precautions on the reverse side before filling out this page) The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 (Mm) 14 422884 A7 Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives. B7. 5. Description of the invention (12) If the millet feed that is milled and processed according to the method of the present invention includes copper, the degree of copper may exceed the preferred range. The mineral may be subjected to a pre-processing step to remove the rib saw. The pre-processing step may include floating The mineral feed can also be subjected to other pre-processing steps to remove other undesired materials. This pre-processing step can include flotation to produce a thorium-rich mineral feed. Another pre-processing step can include drying And / or calcination to drive off sulfur and water. Calcination should be performed in a fluidized bed furnace or converter. Fine nickel-rich dust can be recovered from the flue gas of the furnace or kiln and fed with minerals Mixing. The fine dust can be mixed with the mineral feed in an appropriate proportion and fed into a bath-type melting furnace, or the fine dust can be directly blown into the melting furnace through a tuyere with oxygen and / or nitrogen or other suitable gas. The method of the present invention can be performed in a bath smelting furnace such as a RoraeU, Vanukov or Ausmelt smelting furnace. The bath smelting furnace introduces mill feed or other materials into the molten gold slag and / or foam slag in the furnace. And batch or continuous operation. It can be operated in K oxidation or reduction mode * This end depends on the feed mixture and capacity substance used. In the present invention, it is operated in K mode to produce mirror iron alloys, nickel iron, chromium Ferroalloy steel and / or stainless steel. * Condition type melting furnace is controlled to make the temperature of the foamed slag maintained in the range of 1,300 to 20,001 160 * () to 19001〇 preferred. The slag agitates the slag by injecting a stream of oxygen, preferably a combustion oxygen, into the slag from the lower nozzles (foaming. The injection also provides excess carbonaceous materials such as coal and coal in the slag. The oxygen required for partial combustion of carbon or coke, which mainly produces carbon monoxide. Coal or coal or coke can be directly charged into the furnace with the feed. The injection rate of oxygen and carbonaceous materials can be adjusted by K and controlled. Slag layer -15-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). If this paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0 X 297 mm) ί 4 2 28 84 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention The ratio of iron and nickel-gold produced in (13). If all iron is to be converted into metal, there must be excess carbon, but if only nickel is to be reduced, the remaining iron ore remains in the slag Medium can have less carbon. Because nickel mills usually have a higher priority than iron, the amount of coal and oxygen injected is relatively low compared to the product obtained at a relatively high oxygen injection rate. More nickel. Nickel to iron ratios by adjusting feed components M and oxygen and carbon The rate at which the material is injected into the slag layer is usually adjusted to the following ratio: for nickel-iron alloys, 20-453SNi is 80-55! UFe, for nickel-containing iron, 10-15S; Hi is 90-85! KFe, for stainless steel, 70-75% Fe. Compared with the above, the air nozzle is used to inject combustion gas for post-ore combustion gas leaving the surface of the slag. Inject the combustion gas in the fluid slag bath The resulting agitation of M and fine particles of minerals and carbonaceous materials helps to generate a huge surface area, which can increase the rate of iron reduction κ and promote the transfer of ore combustion heat to the in-situ after the interception and recovery of slag. The process under the original conditions. Higher slag temperature will also help the migration rate. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). The slag layer below was relatively calm. In this relatively static region, the metallized droplets of the product separate from the slag layer and drip into the bottom of the furnace. Gold tincture, metal alloy K and slag are read or released from the furnace through the siphon nozzle or other appropriate equipment and mechanism. The bath smelting furnace can be operated under a slight vacuum without the need for special sealing or locking. The temperature of the exhaust gas leaving the furnace is usually in the range of 1500 t to 2200 ¾. It can be used in waste heat boilers, after which it can be introduced into gas cleaning equipment. Exhaust gas can also be burned with air before or after being used in a waste heat boiler. Waste heat is used to generate steam, and it is used to power oxygen and bath melting furnaces. The paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm)-IA- A7 422884 B7 V. Description of invention (U) A sufficient amount of electricity * can be used to output power in excess or for additional processes. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The generated power can also be used to reduce chromite in conventional melting furnaces. The ferrochrome thus prepared is then mixed with a nickel-iron alloy or nickel-containing iron * Μ to produce stainless steel in a conversion furnace and / or an AOD furnace. Ferrochrome can also be refined in conversion furnaces and sold separately from nickel iron alloys and / or nickel-containing iron. The metal alloy prepared by the method of the present invention can be granulated using the granulation technology described in Australian application PN6247 filed by the applicant on October 30, 1995. The granulation method described in this specification can be applied to the gold tincture produced by the present invention, even if it is mainly in the form of iron products rather than steel products. The crude metal alloy manufactured according to the present invention can be pelletized or cast into steel plates, bars or hot rolled steel coils immediately after being made under reducing conditions; it can also be pelletized or poured into pellets after any post-mine treatment step. Steel plate, bar or hot rolled coil. For example, the crude metal produced by the method of the present invention can be refined in a conversion furnace or an AOD furnace to make stainless steel, which is then granulated according to the teachings of the application PN62 47. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The metal alloy product of the present invention can usually be nickel-containing iron, nickel-iron alloy, chromium-iron alloy or crude stainless steel. It may include some chromium and / or cobalt M and other trace impurities of gold and precious metals. Gold alloy products can be further processed to produce refined stainless steel products. Slag produced by reduction process, especially those who accept dry cooling process • Suitable for M condensate for road construction, concrete, or other white volcanic ash applications. When it is expected that a significant proportion of arsenic and / or sunlight will be present in the flue gas and waste slag discharged from the self-made process, the method of the present invention is suitable for processing feeds having undesired amounts of arsenic and selenium. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS M4 specification (210X297 mm) _ 7 _ Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 422884 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (15) released from the self-bath melting furnace Excess process heat can be used to generate some or all of the power and / or steam required to operate the process and produce oxygen, and any excess is used as output power. On the other hand, the present invention provides equipment for performing the process of the present invention. In another aspect, the present invention provides a gold tincture product obtained according to the method of the present invention. Preferred Specific Examples of the Present Invention Preferred specific examples of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Brief description of the drawings FIG. Process flow chart. Figure 2 illustrates a flow chart of processes that can be added at the end of the process shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 illustrates another flow chart of processes that can be added at the end of the process shown in Figure 1. Figure 4 illustrates Flow chart of the process of adding additional steps for preparing mineral feed. Figure 5 illustrates a bottom view of a typical Rome U melting furnace. Figure 6 illustrates a phase diagram of the Mg0-Si02 system. Figure 7 illustrates 〇 (AL203-Si02 The roundness of the system. A detailed description of a preferred specific example is shown in Figure 1 *, which shows a flow chart of the method of the present invention using a bath melting furnace, which is labeled 1. The fluidized bed dryer and / or oven 4 is provided with a line for Hot air or hot combustion gas 1¾ is blown up through the air duct 5 of the bed, and M continuously agitates one or more of the feeds from the feed hopper 10-14 into the fluidized bed dryer and / or the oven feed. Another option is Rotary kiln for drying and / or baking. Feeding hoppers 10-14 can introduce different mineral feed composition. At this time, mineral feed needs to be used. The paper size is free to use Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297). Mm >-~ 1§-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 袈 1,? Τ A7 422884 B7 V. Description of the invention (16). Typical sulfur-based feed composition is shown in the table The M and laterite composition shown in 1 are shown in Table 2. The rate of discharge from the self-feeding funnel 10-14 can be adjusted, and M obtains the mill feed mixture with the parameters desired for the most effective operation of the method of the present invention. After drying or baking, the feed is stored in the feed hopper 4A. From the fluidized bed The exhaust gas and fine particles from the oven are removed through the cyclone scrubber 6 or other equipment (such as an electrostatic precipitator) and transferred to the fine particle box 8. The scrubbed gas rich in sulfur dioxide is fed into the acid manufacturing equipment. In the presence of coal contact, it accepts the air from the air line 15 to further combust entropy and mix with the water introduced in line 16 to produce sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid is removed through the acid discharge pipe 1? K and the residual gas is discharged through the exhaust port 19. The fine particles transferred to the fine particle box can finally be directly recycled back to the bath-type melting furnace 18 > or can be stored in the feed hopper 8A, where they can be introduced into the melting furnace 18 when needed, or only sent to waste in. For the Rome U smelting furnace, the bath smelting furnace should be operated under a small vacuum, preferably about 2.5ibio water column. Other conditions may apply to other types of smelters. A plurality of feeding hoppers 4A, 8A, and 20-25 are provided, and the dry material is fed into the bath melting furnace 18 when necessary. A more detailed structure of a typical melting furnace will now be described with reference to FIG. The feed hopper generally includes mineral feed (feed hopper 4A), fine particles (leak 4.8A), calcined concentrate (feed hopper 20), chromite (feed hopper 421), iron ore (feed hopper 22 ), Recycled ash from smelting M (feeding funnel 23) > calcined limestone and other paper rulers and using Chinese National Standard (CNS) A # specifications (210 × 297 mm) -1Q_ (Please read the back first Please pay attention to this page and fill in this page again)-clothing. '1Τ Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 422884 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) Leakage of materials to the || Leakage (r suitable for carbon coke or coal and M into the falling body of M gas, middle slag furnace smelting into the melt-fed type bath and borrowed and fed and connected to the middle straight layer was moved by the slag slag blast of the moving bucket The feed feed is connected from the direct feed or the feed is fed. Although the oxygen is 30 and the 29 should be answered, the wind's oxygen is higher than the lock. The slag in the low furnace is more fused than the slag. Lv 5Γ Λ Β Produced by the bath through the mixing system and the furnace nozzle refining the wind and melting Production. Μ Energy * Can be slag melted and placed into the air to blow the gas and other rich layers on the oxygen of the slag into a layer to be fed to the feeder and the wind in the lower slag than the molten slag layer Upper gas comparison / layer slag molten foam bubble shaped liquid emulsion gas (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) during the body stage gasification process milk slag is melted. The 43-state line of the table melting state is shown as 0 to the line 42 of the table below. 29 The virtual mouth M is low-melting, and the slag is relatively milky. It is safe to maintain the middle & Forced _ «£ S-1 of 2 S ^ TM 0 ^ ^ Small 14 of» ^ «Gold W with A gold compound / ^ human slag injection gold melting 29 enclosed in the mouth of the bag, the style of the wind is low, and more handsome Slag Warm Melting ·, ιτ Consumption of Employees' Cooperatives in the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China, the Co-production of slag gas ¾ Zhongsheng 1'iJi 要 气 / # Slag main slag molten fruit melting and foaming -K in the lower furnace, refining This piece of molten iron was introduced. The original lead was burned and burned in the holding part of the material layer and the mixed carbon material layer b / 1 material / various other gases The oxygenation of carbonized oxygen is smaller than the melting capacity of the existing furnace. It is relatively heavy to the force phase. Because the energy can be gas and carbon, the carbonized gas is oxygen or oxygen. After the mine passes 7 ο 2 C line to make the pipe lead with oxygen and lead to its carbon and it 1 ¾ reach the bow 2 the amount of oxygen is sufficient ο should reverse the oxygen to make the borrowing period to return to the original return 遨 stimulate ί * y. Absorbent ob 3/1 aerobic constant flow through gold into the heat and promote the production capacity 〇 The demand of the external temperature is expected to be provided to support the maintenance of the agent's slag should be fused to the paper size applicable China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 20 4 2 2 8 B 4 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (18) I 1 Metal and / or alloy The extremely hot exhaust gas from the C 1 I to S bath furnace is fed into the burner 45 and can be 1 1 I and more air supplied from the air line 46 against ftfff m Μ full combustion 0 / -V Please first 1 1See 1 The extremely hot gas from the burner 45 is then transferred to the waste heat boiler 48 and read & 1 I r \ 1 I is used to generate steam j. The steam can be fed to the factory through the m gas exhaust pipe 49 or 1 Note 1 Other electric power production equipment using tritium 9 M to produce oxygen or other needs for Hta · Expansion thinking · 1 item 1 process heat 0 The excess heat generated at any other stage of the process can be similarly re-transported to Supply process heat and generate electricity or use it as needed. 0 bath smelting furnace Write this page 1 It is expected to provide other sources of iJH m residual heat (such as cooling through dry air slag 1 1) > | electrostatic precipitator 51 or Other appropriate equipment is configured to collect ash from the 1 mm gas body, and this ash comes from the waste heat boiler 4 The 8 ash is mixed in the ash collection 1 | as. Yi 52 and recycled to the ash collection funnel 43M and finally returned to the bath 1 1 smelting furnace or thrown away as waste 0 \ 1 The cleaned gas is finally passed through the smoke box. Discharge 0 丄 Including m ferroalloys > Liquids containing nickel iron and stainless steel mesh can be removed by gold siphon 1 1 40 g bath smelting furnace Similarly slag can also be removed by slag siphon I ί 1 41 removed 0 The term "liquid metal J" used in this article includes gold alloys, gold, alloys, and slag. The removal of slag and slag can be either mineral or interstitial, depending on the specific conditions. 1 1 Special requirements 0 1 to i The slag of the slag siphon can be granulated to make it suitable for road construction, etc. 1 Application 〇1 1 1 The crude liquid gold of the platinum siphon can be granulated or poured into a plate or 1 1 rod or can be as follows转换 Converted, refined and processed 0 1 1 This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 (2I0X297 mm) ί 4 2 28 84 Α7 Β7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs )! 1 Referring to Figure 2, gold alloys including nickel-iron alloys containing m Λ *! »M JI or non-m mesh manufactured by the method described in plaque 1 are directly fed into the oxygen conversion furnace and / or argon oxygen decarburization furnace 1 71 9 The oxygen and other gases used for the oxygen supply source 72 are refined here. Please first 1 1 Μ to transform the molten non-ferrous metal into non-i% m 〇 廿 other additives such as reading 1 back 1 镕Gold 靥 or feed chrome or chromite can be added to the _ melting furnace in the furnace 1 Note 1 not m ΛΜ iron metal 0 chrome metal or feed network (S $ iron alloy) can be borrowed in the electric furnace ηΒΟ. 1 Item 1 Mixed with coke silica and stone Manufactured from ash chromite and M and Η molten form is fed directly into an oxygen smelting furnace or an oxygen conversion furnace and / or an argon-oxygen decarburization furnace.% This page contains 1 in a conversion furnace and / or argon-oxygen decarburization furnace. The stainless steel produced in the carbon furnace is then fed into the 1 1 φ petitioner's application PN6247 and the resulting granules I are fed into the cooler 74 where it is supplied by a supply line 75 Anti-oxidation 1 1-Preparation of granular products without treatment by the spraying solution of the order agent 0 1 In addition to the flow chart shown in Figure 3--Melting from the pipeline 40 in the configuration 1 1 The metal is directly fed into the granulator 73 The particles are then cooled by I 1 in a cooler 74 and can be treated with antioxidants to produce m ferroalloy products or granulated nickel-containing iron thereon. 0 Processing conditions in apparent bath melting furnaces or electric furnaces II and nickel-iron alloys The metal composition of the product can even be The shape of the steel reed 1 is of type I or is a cast iron product such as a steel plate or a hot-rolled steel coil. 0 1 1 It can be understood from the foregoing that because in the specific examples described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, 9 1 1 the method of the present invention does not require any Hydrometallurgical step 0 It generates useful molten 1 slag product M and has fewer steps than the conventional method described above. It uses broken material 1 1 to feed iron M contained in the feed and minimizes arsenic and solar pollutants. It provides the power to produce 1 process and the energy of the oxygen frost. It can also avoid the use of electric arc furnaces for the production of stainless steel nets. Therefore, the applicant's method has a higher standard than conventional methods. National Standard Rate (CNS) A4 Specification (210X297mm) -22 ™? 422884 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (2〇) Advantages. The ability to directly produce stainless steel granules that are easy to lose or to pour steel plates or bars or hot-rolled steel coils is another silly point of the applicant's method. The present invention is considered to be a cost-effective alternative to the conventional methods of manufacturing ferroalloys, iron, and nickel-embedded stainless steel products. Referring to Fig. 4, there is shown a flow chart of combining the leaching residue with the calcined nickel concentrate as described in the following cell example to make a feed suitable for smelting in a bath furnace. The nickel laterite ore or concentrate is fed into a leaching tank 80 maintained at superatmospheric pressure. The red clay is leached with sulfuric acid and the pressure is maintained to the extent that any iron or aluminum ore is overly dissolved. Pressure leaching produces a solution M in which nickel and cobalt are dissolved and a residue rich in iron and containing some residual nickel. The residue is separated from the solution, then dried and stored in a temporary storage facility 52 from which it can be fed directly into a bath smelting furnace 84. Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The dried and / or calcined chain concentrate from source 86 is also added to the feed bath melting furnace Total mineral feed. In addition, the ash (not shown here, but shown in 圔 1) generated during the entire process of the various steps of the flowchart can also be added to the dish feed by making a process ash storage box 88. The relative concentrations of the feeds from various sources 80 to 86 and 88 can be adjusted to achieve a satisfactory ratio of nickel in the minerals, while ensuring that undesirable substances such as copper or cobalt are maintained at predetermined limits under. Nickel gold tincture can also be added. Molten metals containing iron and nickel are fed directly from the bath smelting furnace into the conversion furnace 94 and / or argon-oxygen decarburization furnace * where they are fed with pure nickel and / or other gold alloys such as ferrochrome, iron or Steel or other mirror iron alloys merge. In the illustrated specific example, the nickel- and cobalt-rich leaching scales from the leaching tank 80 apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) _ 〇〇_ / 422884 A7 B7 employees of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by a consumer cooperative V. Description of the invention (2 L) 1 1 m solution is transferred to equipment 90 such as solvent extraction and electrolytic metallurgical plant or 1 other wet metallurgical processes such as nickel and cobalt that are used to separate gold And 1 1 Cobalt is transferred to the temporary storage device 92 1 The residue is discarded through the discharge line 91 0 Please 1 I First 1 Cobalt can be discharged to the storage device 93 and Nickel M can be directly added to the conversion furnace Read 1 back f 9 4 and / Or argon-oxygen decarburization furnace where the iron / nickel metal mixture is replaced by _ face 1 note m steel 0 pen 1 item 1 exhaust gas 95 can be used to supply process heat and generate Electricity 0 Guided by the melted Vostian (with nickel) steel can be discharged through line 96 Μ is packed by birds on the page 1 pour into mesh laths or hot rolled steel coils or other appropriate products or Μ 1 | under The method described is granulated 0 II with reference to EI 1 garden 5 which shows a typical smelting furnace structure 50 which is lined with different 1 1 orders made of specific fire materials 51 furnace tops and furnaces rfOa. Walls 0 cooling compartments 52 such as water 1 The cooling copper chamber is set in the wall. 0 The cooling compartment is lined with the furnace in the foam slag area. 1 1 The wall indicates that no refractory is directly exposed in the area. The role of the cooling compartment is 1 | > x The slag of the slag layer is used as a non-reactive fire lining. 0 Because the smelting furnace is usually buried at extremely high temperatures (i80o) > i The selection of a suitable refractory material that can withstand such harsh conditions is very Have Limit and make 1 1 the cost of using the refractory material is extremely expensive. 8 expensive 0> 1 Use of cooling in the area of the furnace 1 1 compartment can provide substantial benefits. 1 L mineral feed and coal filling through the furnace top The chute 53 is fed into the smelting furnace 1 [a and M and the combustion gas exits through the exhaust collection pipe 54 0 oxygen-rich air or 1 1 industrial oxygen 60 through the lower air nozzle 58 provides M and industrial oxygen 6 1 Jing 1 Provided by the higher air nozzle 59> 1 1 The solids in the slag are distributed in the uppermost layer 57 of the slag, including the gas U0 generated less 1 1 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2IOX297) %) ~ 24-! 4 2 2BR4 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (22) Because it is agitated by the burning gas, it has a high degree of agitation. The intermediate layer 56 contains slag and droplets of gold. The bottom layer 5 5 contains a mixture of molten iron and nickel. When needed, the bottom layer of molten gold may be released (not shown) and removed from the molten gold. Similarly, the slag layer includes discharge points (not shown) that remove excessive slag. Although the present invention is described with reference to specific examples for convenience, it should be understood that other configurations and arrangements are considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Various modifications, alterations, and / or additions to the structure and configuration described herein are also considered to be within the scope and field of the invention. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 'M. Order. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (2 丨 0X297 mm) 25