CN1034914C - A vertical type roller mill - Google Patents

Abstract

To make a speed reducer small and light and avoid a trouble of the speed reducer accompanying an abnormal vibration during crushing by disposing a bearing for receiving its own weight and the vertical load such as crushing force applied to a rotary table separately from a power mechanism for rotating the rotary table.A flange shoe 3B of a dougnut disk shape is fixed on the outer peripheral lower side of a rotary table 3A and also mounted on a thrust pad 30a mounted on a top section of a pedestal 30 disposed on the inner side of a stand, and the vertical load received by the rotary table 3A is transmitted to the thrust pad 30a and the pedestal 30 while the lower face of the flange shoe 3B and the upper face of the thrust pad 30a are slid together during the rotation of the rotary table 3A. As above-mentioned, in the vertical crusher described herein, the vertical load is not applied to a speed reducer 2 as in conventional structures, and the vertical load such as crushing force provided by the own weight of the rotary table 3A on a hydraulic cylinder 9 is well received separately from a planetary speed reducer 2.

Description

A kind of vertical type roller mill

The present invention is about a kind of vertical type roller mill (or claiming to descend kibbler roll or edge runner together), in order to pulverize cement material, lime stone, coal, blast furnace slag, chemical material and materials similar.It is particularly including a rotatable platform device, and this device has a vertical rotation axle, on the axle one or several taper type roller is arranged, and uses with the rotatable platform device and matches, and rolls the material that those are sent here from platform surface.

Compare with known ball mill, this vertical type roller mill is because its high efficiency of pulverizing and low-power consumption, and can roll the material of constantly sending here continuously, and may roll continuously, so production efficiency improves, and running cost is low, generally uses.The rotatable platform device of roller press comprises a platen, on the hub of the exhibition of axially downwardly extending is together arranged, a drive unit that rotates platen is arranged on pedestal.Drive unit comprises a motor sub-assembly, and this assembly has a horizontal motor drive shaft, the transmission device of a helical gear device form; Also comprise a planetary back gear, this device has the output shaft of a band vertical axis, joins together to make platen to rotate with the appropriate speed after reducing with respect to motor speed.The solar reduction gear device comprises that one has the stationary ring gear of internal tooth, a rotating central gear, some rotatable planetary gear or pinions that are meshed between ring gear and central gear.The pinion carrier comprises upper and lower dished plate, and pinion or planetary gear are installed therebetween, and central gear is also therebetween.The inclined geared system is passed to the moment of torsion on the motor that has horizontal rotating shaft on the central gear of vertical rotation axle.The dished plate of carrier has the output shaft of driving platen above-mentioned.

On pedestal, arrange one group of roller seat, and evenly separate around platen.The linkage that one hydraulic actuator is arranged on each roller seat and drive by pressurized strut.Have at least a pressure roller that radially tilts taper type inwards to be installed on the linkage of each roller seat, so that rotate.Linkage is used for depressing roller, and the roller periphery surface withstands the periphery surface district of platen like this, and when the result rotated at platen, roller was forced to roll along the platen periphery surface, with the platen cooperation material of constantly sending here is pulverized like this.When rotating, the material of constantly sending here moves to the roller that is pressed in platen periphery surface district on platen eccentrically rapidly, and clamps between platen and roller, and the result is that material is stressed and shears, thereby grinds or pulverize.

Platen and all pressure rollers all are contained in the cover, have the skewed slot of a material delivery system to be connected on the roller press on the cover, and a fan-shaped gathering system is arranged, and it is collected the product that grinds in the cover with hot gas; Or the same scraping shape gathering system of an effect.No matter which gathering system all comprises a separator, and it is the product size classes in accordance with regulations that grinds.

Figure 13 and 14 of enclosing is represented two kinds of conventional vertical type roller mills.What the roller press of Figure 13 was adorned is scraping shape gathering system, and Figure 14 roller press dress is fan-shaped gathering system.About Figure 13 and 14, reference number 10 expression stage apparatus, 20 expression pressure rollers, 30 expression roller seats, the cover of 40 expression band skewed slots 50, the 60th, a scraping of gathering system, 60 ' is a fan of gathering system, the 70th, pedestal.10 li of stage apparatus, 11 represent platen, and 12 represent planetary reducer, and 13 represent the oblique tooth wheel assembly, and 14 represent motor sub-assembly.On each roller seat, 31 represent hydraulic actuator, and 32 represent linkage.

According to conventional roller press shown in Figure 13, output shaft 12a is fixed on the hub 11a of platen 11 by disc format, and like this, platen just radially and vertically or is axially being supported by output shaft 12a, and along with output shaft 12a rotates.That is to say, drive unit, particularly planetary assembly is subjected to the whole vertical and load radially of platen.

According to another kind of roller press shown in Figure 14.One leg formula framework 41 of cover 40 stands on the seat 70, and it has platform supporting device 41a, is fixing journal bearing mechanism 80, and Bearning mechanism is positioned on the platen hub 11a, as an axle journal radial support platen.Simultaneously, platen 11 is meshed with the output shaft 12a of solar reduction gear device 12 (not shown)s at hub 11a place, and hub 11a is by the retainer ring tooth on the back gear 12 or by axial or advance the Bearning mechanism (not shown) and be fixed to that supporting member on the ring tooth carries out axially or vertical support.That is to say that drive unit, particularly planetary gear device 12 can discharge under any radial load of platen, but it is subjected to the whole vertical load of platen.

As what will describe in detail, when roll extrusion was operated, platen axial or vertical withstands on platen periphery surface district with radial load with pressure roller 20 to be increased.In the roll extrusion process, owing to sending constantly into of material, so when platen rotated, the load of increase changed.This just causes the vibration of platen in the roll extrusion process.The vibration of platen 11 is problems intrinsic in the roller press, seemingly occur like this: a face of platen is inclined relative to horizontal into some angles, the turning cylinder of platen has just tilted like this, and the angle of inclination is less relatively, but the rotation each time of platen is all different.Such inclination is rotated and increased a kind of abnormal load will for radial and axial bearing arrangement and gears engaged device.If this load is added in the roller press, when roll extrusion, can cause damage equally so.Relevant therewith it should be noted that, roller 20 is opened along the platen peripheral intervals, the moving axis balanced distribution though roller rotates, isolated roller 20 added additional load will be along the peripheral decentered distribution of platen 10, and this has just increased the extent of vibration that roller is added in the whole load on the platen.

Under above-mentioned intrinsic situation, the roller press drive unit shown in Figure 13,14 will be damaged owing to platen 11 and roller 12 added vibrations.Damage ratio Figure 13's that roller press among certain Figure 14 is suffered is little, and this is because the drive unit of Figure 14 is released out or is not subjected to the axial load of platen.These infringements to drive unit mainly are radially to be left from turning cylinder by pressure roller, around this circumferentially issue and by roof pressure to platform and the oscillating load and the torsional load that produce cause.

In addition, it should be noted: platen 10 is in the roll extrusion operation, by the hot material that is rolled and/or because platen and roller are rolled the friction between the material, be heated to 130 ℃ or higher temperature, this will make the platen distortion, produce thermal force, and this can increase the above-mentioned extent of damage to drive unit.Especially in Figure 14, the bearing arrangement that abuts in slidably on the platen will be damaged owing to the eccentric thermal force that interior platen thermal deformation produces, and what the life-span of this roller press will be with actual desired is opposite, shortening greatly.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved vertical type roller mill.Wherein the wearing and tearing of the drive unit of roller press are less, can prolong its working life greatly Gu this compares with common roller press.

Comprise according to a kind of vertical type roller mill provided by the invention:

Rotation platen with vertical turning cylinder in order to roll extrusion, this platen have the coaxial hub that extends down and the material that will be rolled is sent to upper surface on it; Be installed on the pedestal and have a platform tumbler in order to the vertical output shaft that drives platen; Be installed in the gear jockey between the hub of the output shaft of tumbler and platen, on moment of torsion is sent to platen on the hub from output shaft; At least one radially intilted taper type pressure roller, it has a turning cylinder; In order to be installed in the platform supporting device that supports platen on the pedestal rotationally; Be installed in the roller seat device on the pedestal, roller is mounted thereto, and rotate around its axle, the periphery surface that this roller seat device can promote roller leans against on the platen of platen upper surface neighboring area, like this, when platen rotates, roll along the platen of platen upper surface with regard to forcing roller, with this material that forces roller and platen cooperation roll extrusion to be given.

Roller press of the present invention with above-mentioned layout is characterised in that: platform supporting device comprises the platform leg, its shape is made coaxial core around tumbler, tumbler comprises output shaft, and stretch to platen from pedestal, a radially side of platform leg has bearing arrangement, in order to radial support platen on hub, have axial in its top side or the cardan shaft bearing apparatus, in order to the axial support platen, on platen in order to each roller that is in the operating position of roll extrusion with respect to radial position, aim at mutually with axial bearing arrangement.The tumbler of platform does not produce with any essential part of platen and directly contacts, and only directly contacts with the hub of platen by the gear jockey, and it also leaves the bracing or strutting arrangement that supports platen simultaneously.

The leg of platform supporting device preferably has the stretched of vertical stretching from the pedestal and stretches to the arm assembly of journal bearing device of the hub of platen in order to fixed radial from the leg body, this journal bearing device comprises the bearing of journals around hub, and axial bearing arrangement comprises that some hydraulic statics that are in the circumferentially spaced on the vertical straight leg body top advance bearing, and each is directly over the pressure roller that is in the operating position on the platen is positioned at least one hydraulic static propelling bearing at interval.

The gear connected system preferably includes: make the center circle tubular recess coaxial with hub for one, thereby have vertically extending tooth at the output shaft top, at the surrounded surface of recess, provide an internal tooth device; The band toothed portion has vertically extending tooth in the inside of hub inner surface, so that the internal tooth device on top to be provided; And a firm gear shaft or tooth mandrel connector with vertically extending tooth, tooth processing is at its periphery surface, so that an outer gearing to be provided, gear shaft removably and coaxially is fixed on the platen, and, pass toothed hub and enter band mark of mouth mouth, yet between gear shaft and toothed recess, have axial air gap from the platen vertical hanging, and outer gearing and the engagement of upper and lower inner gearing, output shaft and hub separate simultaneously.Output shaft cooperates with hub by a gear, thereby makes platen along with output shaft rotates, at this moment output shaft and without undergoing the vertical load of platen.

According to the present invention, this platform tumbler preferably can be implemented as like this, be that it comprises that one is processed into the solar reduction gear assembly of the core with vertical output axle, have the drive unit of horizontal motor drive shaft, and as the helical gear assembly that connects transmission each other.Reduction gearing comprises a carrier, and this carrier comprises the upper and lower element as the plate shape of planetary gear or pinion, the coaxial protrusion that makes progress that stretches out from the upper carrier element, thus form toothed recess output shaft at its top.Axial bearing arrangement comprises that also being used for hydraulic static advances the lubricant of bearing to supply with recovery system.

Each hydraulic static advances bearing preferably self-adjustable, and it comprises:

A lower plate that is fixed to platform leg body top; A upper plate that is processed with lubricant passageway therein, the outside of platen abuts against slidably at the end of upper plate.

Hinge device, comprise the centrally-pivoted axle and the fixture that are contained between the upper and lower plates, they can make upper plate around certain with respect to the lower plate swing in any direction distance of centrally-pivoted axle, simultaneously upper plate with respect to lower plate radially and tangentially being fixed with respect to turning cylinder.The centrally-pivoted axle of pivot device is side-prominent under the upper plate, so that form spherical surface of protruding, should form point with the lower plate upper surface and contact.Fixture comprises; A pair of on the lower plate side-prominent auxiliary pivot, they radially leave mutually, centrally-pivoted axle is placed between them; The recess that radially leaves at the upper plate downside is in order to admit this paired auxiliary pivot respectively.The profile of asessory shaft and recess and size are made and are made they and centrally-pivoted axle cooperation make upper plate produce above-mentioned swing, and upper plate radially and is tangentially being fixed with respect to lower plate by paired auxiliary pivot simultaneously.

The platen plate body preferably is made up of following, lower plate portions, lamination dielectric plate members between the upper and lower plate, except the thermal insulation panel of centre, perhaps do not having under the situation of insulating barrier, platen can also lamination be combined in thermal insulation layer on the local annulus of platen bottom side, advance bearing that docking facilities is provided as hydraulic static, like this, additional thermal insulating device makes platen body and docking facilities produce the heat isolation.

With another kind of method or under situation with above-mentioned thermal insulation panel member, can have an annular section around the downward extension of hub according to platen of the present invention, its following free end amplexiforms slidably at hydraulic static and advances on the bearing.This annular section has a ring-type wedge shape breach that leaves one section axial distance of free end under it, when from the roller press longitudinal section view that comprises turning cylinder, seeing, this breach is increased to a distance in direction radially outward, arrives outward flange, in the outer periphery surface upper shed.

According to platen of the present invention, no matter whether have above-mentioned wedge shape breach, preferably all make plate body with a circumferentially extending and inside and outside cylindrical portions may radially.Inside and outside cylindrical portions may is radially left mutually, and from plate body stretching, extension down vertically, inner cylinder partly defines the axial through hole at a center of platen, therefore constituted hub, and outer cylinder partly is above-mentioned annular section, it has free end, abuts in the hydraulic static that separates slidably and advances on the bearing.Part and annular section that the plate body of platen, hub form, from comprising the profilograph of turning cylinder, they join together to form one inverted U-shaped, their periphery has following relationship:

1.2 〉=T ₂/ (R-R ₀) 〉=0.2 and 5 〉=T ₂/ T ₁〉=2 wherein:

T ₁Be the thinnest section axial thickness between the inside and outside cylindrical portions may of plate body;

T ₂Be to the axial width of the lower end of outer cylinder part from the upper end of the thinnest body part;

R be from the turning cylinder to the outer cylinder part at a given external diameter of the neighboring of free lower end;

R ₀It is a given internal diameter of the inner rim of part on free end from the turning cylinder to the inner cylinder.

By detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be more clear.

Wherein:

Fig. 1 comprises the schematic side elevation of analysing and observe part, and expression is according to vertical type roller mill embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic top view of Fig. 1 roller press, and wherein outer cover is removed, and Lower Half represents to have the platen of calendering roller, and the first half is represented the bottom of drive unit, and its planetary gear assembly is removed;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that circumference support body 1/4th automatic and adjustable type hydraulic statics advance bearing, and this support body is packed among another embodiment of roller press of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the cutaway view that cuts along Fig. 3 IV-IV line, and it represents that in detail hydraulic static advances the structure of bearing;

Fig. 5 is and the corresponding schematic side elevation of Fig. 1, another embodiment of expression roller press of the present invention, and a thermal insulation board member wherein coincides on the platen;

Fig. 6 and 7 is the platen cutaway view, represents respectively to contain one and two other embodiment of two kind of thermal insulation board by the present invention;

Fig. 8,9 and 10 represents to be used for the platen of three kinds of profile types of roller press of the present invention respectively, and every kind of cutaway view that half is shown wherein shows the original shape of each platen and the profile after the thermal deformation;

Figure 11 and 12 represents that respectively fixed hydraulic of the present invention advances the drawing in side sectional elevation of the actual supporting leg platen of gear two in the middle of being contained in association;

Figure 13 and 14 is to comprise the schematic side elevational view of analysing and observe part, represents two kinds of common vertical type roller mills respectively.

Referring to Fig. 1 and 2, the scraper-type gathering system of being furnished with Figure 13 among embodiment of vertical type roller mill of the present invention, its foundation structure is similar to Figure 14, so the code name of respective element or parts is consistent with Figure 13 and 14.Yet actual roller press characteristic aspect below is different with Figure 14.According to the present invention, platen 11 is generally inverted U-shaped cross-sectional configuration, and it is by plate body 11A, and the footpath is column part 11B and radially outside cylinder part or annulus 11C inwardly, and two parts are left mutually, and from plate body 11 coaxial extensions down.Interior column part comprises the hub 11a of a platen, and the free lower end of platen is made of a column part, is fixed on the plate body 11A by a screw again.Annulus 11B (C) has a free end portion that increases, and it comprises an annular flange plate 15, and it advances bearing that smooth coating surface is provided for the hydraulic static of plurality of fixed.Also have a leg member, it is made of the support body 70 that vertically stretches out from the basis, and surrounds plagiohedral gear train 13 and planet-shaped train of reduction gears 12.Cover 40 with skewed slot 50, cover cap are lived platen 11 and pressure roller 20, and it has leg cribbing 41 (Fig. 2), although this support can fit together with support body 70, it is different with support body 70.Support body 70 can be formed by connecting with ring-type element on its top with some vertical columns, maybe can make columniform, hydraulic static is housed on the support body advances bearing, each all makes the form that advances pad 90, made by the carbon steel with white metal carbon steel thin layer (structural carbon steel) forging, portion has lubricant passageway to the opening of pad upper surface within it.Each pad 90 is placed on the annular top of the support body 70 that supporting member 71 makes.Advance pad 90 should be in contact with one another slidably by the lubricant that passes lubricant passageway and provide as the flanged plate 15 that cooperates sliding component.

Support member 71 has the wall member 74 that radially separates, and it extends upward, at it and the flanged plate 15 installed with advance and constitute a lubricant passageway between the pad 90.Advancing pad 90 and flanged plate 15 all is the element of the static cardan shaft bearing apparatus of hydraulic pressure, it not only comprises propelling pad 90 and flange cover 15, also comprise liquid lubricant and supply with replenishment system, thereby make at flanged plate and advance the lubricant that provides between the pad 90 when platen rotates, advances pad 90 to rotate around it an X to rotate with respect to support body 70, under the hydraulic pressure that increases and passing through replenishing down of lubricant cavity continuously, continuously by its lubricant passageway.

Some roller seats 30 arrange around support body 70, and each roller seat has a pressure roller 20 at least.Each roller seat 30 has: a pedestal 30a, be installed to the top of pedestal with rotating form with bearing pin 32a, hydraulic actuator 31 and the linkage 32 that comprises bearing pin 32a, one roller fixator 32b, in order to roller 20 is fixed on the axle 20a of its rotation, fixator has a pair of arm 32c from first interval that fixator 32b stretches out, and they are fixed on the bearing pin 32a; The arm 32d at a pair of second interval, they are by being fixed on the bearing pin 32a with respect to the desired angle position of the first arm 32c; One the 3rd single armed 32e, it is connected between second couple of arm 32d, and is connected on the piston 31a of hydraulic actuator 31.

Each pressure roller 20 all is forced to the air ring 11b that made by special material near one, pad 11b is laminated on the plate body 11A circumferential surface, and be fixed, when pressure roller 20 being reduced be pressed in 11b to go up, it be arranged in of being installed in support body 70 tops that vertical direction stretches straight advance pad 90 directly over.Under the relation of this position, roller, advance pad and support body will be respectively with respect to X-axis radially with along aiming at mutually on the vertical line in the cross section that comprises X-axis.Support 70 and advance the combination of pad 90 to bear the whole vertical load of plate body 11 and pressure roller 20, this is because platen only vertically or is axially supported the mode of explaining by later by support 70, put it briefly, since on be set forth in the aligning of vertical direction, pressure roller 20 just can not produce any big transient load, the hub 11a of take-off lever 12a on the planet-shaped train of reduction gears 12 and platen 11 engagement like this, and/or just can not be subjected to transient load when advancing pad 90 engagements.If pressure roller 20 does not fill up 90 in vertical direction point-blank with propelling, pressure roller will produce transient load so.Furtherly, even pressure roller and propelling pad are in vertical direction point-blank, if advance pad and the support body on the basis, also can produce this transient load not point-blank not in vertical direction because the support body shown in the cross-sectional view is crooked.

According to the present invention, support body 70 has the arm or the frame 72 of an equi-spaced apart, and it radially stretches to the hub 11a of platen 11 inwards, and this 72 is connected by support ring 73.

A journal bearing that forms with the bearing of journals 80 is housed on the support ring 73, and it is made by the carbon steel forging, through to the non-ferrous metal lamination, is close to slidably with the hub 11a of platen.Hub 11a is made by chrome-molybdenum steel (SCM).

In this structure, very advantageously be platen of the present invention be by support body 70 on the pedestal 60 by be contained in journal bearing 80 on the support body and cod 90 radially or horizontal direction support rotationally.

The drive unit of platen 11 comprises a motor sub-assembly 14 with horizontal motor drive shaft Y-axis, plagiohedral gear assembly 13 and a planet-shaped reduction gear component 12.By with a vertical drive shaft 13a of the plagiohedral gear train 13 of central gear 12A coupling, the moment of torsion of motor sub-assembly is passed to the central gear 12A of reduction gear component 12.Some planetary gears or pinion 12B and fixed ring gear 12c and central gear 12A engagement, and be contained on the carrier to rotate.Carrier comprises a lower disk board 12c and a last plate 12b.The last plate 12b of carrier is equipped with a co-axially fixed cylindrical shape output shaft 12a.Output shaft 12a has a vertical axis of aiming at the axle of platen 11 as turning cylinder X, and has an inside that the gear parts A of tooth is arranged, and its tooth vertically extends.Output shaft 12a is made by chrome-molybdenum steel (SCM).

The inside, cylinder part 11B of platen 11 comprises the hub 11a as the independent sector of its lower end.Hub 11a works as a bearing of journals 80 at outer fringe surface, and works as the gear dispenser in inner peripheral surface, so it has the gear parts B that there is tooth an inside, its tooth vertically extends.

A firm rack of being made by chrome-molybdenum steel (SCM) (or axle) or gear dispenser 100 are used for meshing with the hub 11a that is made by chrome-molybdenum steel with by the cylinder output shaft 12a that chrome-molybdenum steel is made, in order to realize the connection of gear, so it has the upper and lower, there is the gear parts C and the D of tooth the outside, and its tooth vertically extends.The top of rack 100 is fixed on other places of the inner circumferential portion 11B of hub 11a or platen 11 with securing member, hangs to pass hub 11a and enter cylinder or recessed output shaft 12; The internal gear part B of the gear parts C on rack 100 outer tops and hub 11a engagement like this, the gear parts D of rack 100 outer bottoms is meshed with the internal gear part A of cylinder output shaft 12a, axially vacates a segment distance between the following free end of rack 100 and cylinder output shaft 12a bottom simultaneously.When meshing with output shaft 12a by rack 100, hub 11a separates with output shaft 12a fully.The bottom of output shaft is that the last plate 12b by the carrier of establishing for planetary gear limits.

Rack 100 is firm, so the gear jockey comprises firm rack 100, has very big defensive ability/resistance ability to the torque load that produced by platen 11 and roller 20 in the roll extrusion operation.

Because output shaft 12a, above-mentioned assembling between rack 100 and the hub 11a, make platen 11 be connected on the drive unit, thereby rotate with output shaft 12, this moment drive unit, particularly output shaft 12a has avoided the vertical load that produces because of platen 11 and pressure roller 20, vertical load only to be added in being equipped with that hydraulic pressure is static advances bearing or fill up on 90 the support body 70.This is a principal advantages of the present invention.Because support body does not add to drive unit to any load, so when it radially or axially supports platen, drive unit, particularly planet-shaped train of reduction gears 12 can be avoided in the roll extrusion process damage that occurs because of load that platen 11 and pressure roller 20 produce, and the roller press life-span consequently of the present invention is than will rise appreciably shown in Figure 13,14.

As mentioned above, it should be noted that according to the present invention, the drive unit that drive unit or table top rotate avoids being forced in any essential part and directly contacts with platen 11, directly contact and only the hub 11a by rack 100 and platen 11 is non-, avoided simultaneously contacting with support support body 70 as the mesa supports device.

Being the securing member 110 that rack 100 is equipped with, is to be used for rack 100 is connected on the platen 11, so that the rack 100 that hangs only avoids because of its weight drops, it is tangent that rack keeps between hub 11a and output shaft 12a.All cover plate 11c are contained on the plate body 11A, be used for covering gear connect finish after hole on the inner cylinder part 11B.

Strictly speaking, be heated to its thermal deformation that takes place of 170 ℃ of high temperature or suchlike situation, can guarantee according to the advantage of the above-mentioned roller press of the present invention as long as ignore platen 11.In fact, this thermal deformation is not left in the basket in practice, because the grinding operations that hot material carried out by roller 20 and the 11 common runnings of rotation platen cause platen 11 to be heated to high temperature by room temperature, as 170 ℃ or higher.The platen that is heated can be crooked because of distortion as a cantilever, and this bending occurs in the vertical cross-section that comprises rotating shaft X, causes the bottom free end of annular section 11c to be adjacent to propelling pad 90, and the radially non-lower edge of flanged plate 15 has an axial thermal walking.

Consider the thermal deformation of platen 11, the inventor has carried out experiment and has studied when roll extrusion or pulverize generally at 80 ℃～150 ℃, when being up to 200 ℃ hot water clod, relation in above-mentioned thermal walking and the roller press between the various inverted U cross sections of platen, the method for employing are to consider that load-up condition and temperature conditions in the actual roll extrusion operation are called the analogy method of " NASTRAN ".

As result of experiment, the mode of Fig. 8,9 and 10 exaggeration has illustrated three cross-sectional structures of platen 11, and they are limited by following data respectively.

Structured data:

T ₁: the axial width of thin part between the inside and outside cylindrical portions may 11B of plate body, the 11C;

T ₂: the thinnest part of plate body upper end is to the axial width between the free lower end of outer cylinder part 11C;

R: one known from turning cylinder X to outer cylinder or the outer radius of the free lower end of annulus 11C periphery;

R ₀: the inside radius of a known inner rim from turning cylinder X to the free lower end of inner cylinder part 11B;

A: the home position of radially external lower margin of at room temperature forming the flanged plate of the free lower end of annulus 11C;

B: flange overlaps the reposition that external lower margin is radially changed to by original position a when platen 11 upper surface temperature are 170 ℃;

Thermal walking between d:a and b position.

In Fig. 8,9 and 10, the typical values of R is 1600 millimeters, R ₀Typical values be 330 millimeters.

In Fig. 8, T ₀=500 millimeters

T ₁=220 millimeters

T ₂=300 millimeters

The d=1100 micron is in the time of 170 ℃

In Fig. 9, T ₀=750 millimeters

T ₁=220 millimeters

T ₂=900 millimeters

The d=300 micron is in the time of 170 ℃

In Figure 10, T ₀=500 millimeters

T ₁=220 millimeters

T ₂=700 millimeters

The d=600 micron is in the time of 170 ℃

When thermal walking d increases, platen 11 is added in the load that advances on the pad 90 with pressure roller 20 also to be increased, and will produce a transient load like this, as the reaction force that advances pad 90, to be added on gear and the adapting device, its consequence is that planet-shaped train of reduction gears 12 might be damaged.Furtherly, the increase of thermal walking d can cause that the inclination degree of rotation of platen 11 strengthens.So also can damage planet-shaped train of reduction gears 12.

By above understanding, if the inventor finds that from above-mentioned experiment platen 11 is at R ₁, R ₀, T ₁And T ₂Between satisfy following relation with highly beneficial:

1.2 〉=T ₂/ (R-R ₀) 〉=0.2 and 5 〉=T ₂/ T ₁〉=2

The upper limit of above-mentioned formula is in order to save the material of platen, also is to have considered that the weight of platen 11 is with T ₂Increase and increase this fact.The weight increase causes needs to increase the driving force that makes platen 11 rotations.According to above-mentioned relation, reduced the damage of gear train 12 and advanced the decay of filling up performance.

The inventor further finds can also have the narrow mid portion of seeing 16 on the annulus 11c of platen on the level cross-sectionn, what follow is that part is made the end portion that flanged plate 15 enlarges like that as shown in Figure 1, save the material of platen or reduce its weight being used for, because this narrow mid portion 16 can not cause the increase of thermal walking.

Fig. 3,4 shows the another kind of embodiment of the roller press according to the present invention, and it is the modified form of roller press illustrated in figures 1 and 2, is used for advancing bearing 96 to replace fixed 90 with a kind of automatic adjustment type hydraulic static.

Fig. 3 shows that three propelling pads 90 by spacing form on a configuration set to a pressure roller 20, it will in roll extrusion operation, be placed in the pad group directly over, so Fig. 3 refers to the pressure roller that adds up to four and is contained on the roller press, thereby they are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of platen 11.

Referring to Fig. 3 and 4, the propelling pad 90 ' of each second kind of embodiment is made up of upper plate a 90 ' A and lower plate a 90 ' B.Upper plate or parent metal 90 ' A go up bearing metal 95 of lamination, and are close to by lubricant on the flanged plate 15 of annulus 11C on the platen 11, and have above one and the lubricant passageway of outer circumference surface opening, think that contact surface adds lubricant on it.The downside of upper plate 90 ' A also has a centerpivot 92, and it has a spherical convex surface, should be used for producing point with the upper surface of lower plate 90 ' B and contact, and also has the groove 93 of a pair of radial opening at its lower surface.

Lower plate 90 ' B has a pair of auxiliary pivot 94, and side is stretched out from it.Auxiliary pivot 94 radially separates with the centerpivot 92 that is fixed, and should insert in the empty groove 93 of upper plate 90 ' A.Assist the size and the profile of pivot 94 and groove 93 all to be configured to allow upper plate 90 ' A to swing a limited distance with respect to lower plate 90 ' B to any direction around centerpivot 92, upper plate 90 ' A keeps radially with respect to lower plate 90 ' B and fixes with the tangential of turning cylinder X simultaneously.Lower plate 90 ' B centre of surface position thereon preferably is equipped with a contact element 44 of making of special material, is used for contacting with centerpivot 92 among the upper plate 90 ' A.

Auxiliary pivot 94 preferably is configured to allow them can adherent slip in corresponding grooves 93 inwalls, and upper plate 90 ' A is forced to swing because of being subjected to certain external force.

Self-regulating pad 90 ' is a kind of very superior measure for the said platen 11 in front " tilting to rotate ".Can self-control because fill up the plane of 90 ' upper plate 90 ' A, make the swing of upper plate or aligning and platen clinoplain and the angle of a relative horizontal plane in the rotation of platen, producing consistent.This is because upper plate 90 ' A can do the swing to any direction around centerpivot 92, and it is kept radially reaching tangently fixing by a pair of auxiliary pivot 94 that is fixed on the horizontal plane.So, be equipped with pad 90 ' hydraulic static advance bearing compared with those be equipped with fixed pad 90 be subjected to rotation damage want littler.

Furtherly, except above-mentioned advantage, spacer also has an advantage automatically, and they can compensate the unusual power of platen 11 each pad 90 ' of generation damage or the machinery or the thermal deformation of load because upper plate 90 ' A regulates swing automatically.Otherwise this is because the upper plate 90 ' A of pad 90 ' can swing to a certain degree in any direction.

In addition, it should be noted that, fixed pad 90 shown in Figure 1 is processed with a flat contact-making surface that tilts at the relative horizontal plane of corresponding turning cylinder X tangential direction, forms a wedge gap with the corresponding contact face of flanged plate 15, it narrow down gradually towards direction of rotation at the vertical cross-section upper platen.Wedge gap shows the ability of a propelling bearing with a high as far as possible high pressure lubricant under existing condition, its prerequisite is that the contact-making surface of flanged plate 15 is smooth and is positioned at a horizontal plane.In this case, the desired fixed pad 90 that produce little error is difficult to.

In contrast, automatically adjustment type pad 90 ' comes its advantage to be that it can be processed into and have bigger error compared with fixed pad 90.This is because pad 90 ' upper plate 90 ' A can be vertically, tangentially swing around centerpivot 92 in the plane, its handlebar self contact-making surface is adjusted to the tendency that the contact-making surface with flanged plate 15 adapts automatically, so that limit the wedge gap an of the best with high pressure lubricant in the rotation of platen 11.

Fig. 5 shows the embodiment according to another kind of roller press of the present invention, it is the modified form that has the roller press of platen 11 shown in Fig. 1 and 2, it is similar to Fig. 1, although the explanation mode of roller press is different, we represent corresponding part and element in the roller press with identical reference number.With reference to Fig. 5, the platen of improveing 11 is by a plate body of being made up of upper and lower board member 11X and 11y, and they are made by same material such as cast iron, also has an intermediate plate member 11z, and they are made with heat-insulating material and adjacent layer forces together.

Fig. 7 has represented the platen 11 of improvement shown in Figure 5, make platen 11 that the adiabatic add-in card assembly of a ring-type 11R who is attached on the flanged plate 15 be arranged, although this flanged plate is by heat-insulating shield member 11R and plate body mechanical connection, but flanged plate 15 is heat insulation with ring body part 11C, and this embodiment of two heat-insulating shield member 11Z and 11R that comprises is applicable to the hot material that rolls as hot water clod and so on.

Fig. 6 represents the another kind of modified form of platen shown in Figure 1, platen 11 is processed into comprises a stage body 11S who makes as materials such as cast irons, and identical heat-insulating shield member (11R), 11R constitutes the part of annulus 11C, and invests as hydraulic static and advance on the flanged plate 15 of an element of bearing group.

With reference to Fig. 5,6 and 7, advance pad 90 since heat-insulating shield member 11Z and/or 11R and with platen 11 thermal releases or thermal insulation, so reduced by the heat conduction of platen surface to pad 90.Furtherly, when adding as the heat insulating panel assembly 11Z in Fig. 5 and 7, to the planet-shaped train of reduction gears, especially the conduction of the heat on the gear shaft 100 reduces by the gear adapting device.

If gear shaft and/or propelling pad 90 are heated, planet-shaped train of reduction gears and hydraulic static cardan shaft bearing apparatus all will be damaged so.If hydraulic static cardan shaft bearing apparatus is heated unusually, lubricant will be damaged so, cause advancing the contact-making surface and the flanged plate 15 corresponding contact-making surfaces of pad 90 to be damaged.Furtherly, propelling pad 90 will be owing to temperature distortion is damaged.Work as hot material, as be up to 200 ℃, be generally 50 ℃ to 150 ℃ hot water clod when being placed on the platen 11, this trend will increase.But according to the present invention, even in above-mentioned hot water clod roll extrusion operation,, just can reduce damage to planet-shaped train of reduction gears 12 and hydraulic static cardan shaft bearing apparatus owing to adopt thermal insulation member 11Z and/or 11Y.

Heat-insulating shield member 11Z as shown in Fig. 5,6 and 7 can be by for example, and foam polyurethane (second) ester, mineral wool, asbestos, aluminium foil, refractory fibre, heat-insulating calcium silicate body, refractory brick or suchlike material are made.As needs, can in heat-insulating material, add suitable core has thermal insulation and suitable mechanical with formation rigid plate or rigid layer.

A kind of preferred heat insulating panel assembly is passable, for example, is that thickness is 20 millimeters calcium silicates.This member has the thermal deformation that reduces, and thermal conductivity is 0.3 kilocalorie/mh ℃, and linear expansion coefficient is 3.0/10 ^-5/ ℃.The heat-insulating shield member 11Z that made by above-mentioned preferred material or the platen of 11R can be housed certainly, its thermal walking is equivalent to the part (d) of definition among Fig. 8,9 or 10, be 100 microns, and other shape, the measure-alike platen that is provided with the heat-insulating shield member, its thermal walking will increase to 600 microns.This confirms that the result can be used to pulverize the hot water clod in the roll extrusion operation.Its result can affirm, advanced stage apparatus that bearing forms and compared the life-span without any the stage apparatus of heat-insulating shield and prolonged by the platen that has the heat-insulating shield member, the drive unit that the planet-shaped reduction gearing is housed and hydraulic static.Furtherly, can certainly in a roll extrusion process, advance pad 90 can remain on 50 ℃ below the temperature.

Figure 11 and 12 shows other two kinds of modified forms of platen shown in Figure 1, one wedge shape cannelure 111 is arranged on the annular section 11C of its platen 11, the following free end of this groove begins to separate an axial distance, radially outwards widen gradually, shown in the cross-sectional view that roller press comprises turning cylinder, it is L to the radical length of its outer rim, and at the outer rim surface opening.In each embodiment, the annular section 11C of platen 11 is made up of the bound fraction of the flanged plate of making by castiron plate body 11A and with the forging carbon steel of other kind of material such as white metal on the lamination fully 15.Fix with some bolts 120 shown in Figure 11 and 12 by castiron bound fraction fully.Notch 111 both can be opened on bound fraction as shown in figure 11, also can open on flanged plate 15.

To the platen of no notch with the comparative test of carrying out between the unidimensional platen of the homotype of 120 notches shown in image pattern 11 and 12 is arranged, demonstrated to draw a conclusion:

In each test, between inside lower edge P in the footpath of flanged plate 15 and external lower margin Q, be defined as the thermal walking of vertical open space.Because determined that platen 11 is as a cantilever, so the Q point is lower than the P point on the upright position in comprising the cross-sectional view of rotating shaft X.

The size of bolt 120 is M48 under first kind of situation, and the platen upper surface is heated to 170 ℃ and when not having notch, determined thermal walking is 1300 microns (P-Q).In this case, can measure bolt 120 stress is 5.1 kilograms/millimeter ²

In the modified form of above-mentioned situation, another kind of situation is the bolt 120 that has a littler size M36, and thermal walking is reduced to 1200 microns in the time of 170 ℃, and bolt stress is increased to 8.1 kilograms/millimeter ²

Under second kind of situation, the platen in first kind of situation is modified, and open a notch 111, but still had same bolt 120, size M48, the relative first kind of situation of the thermal walking in the time of 170 ℃ is reduced to 300 microns, and bolt stress is 5.1 kilograms/millimeter ²

Second kind of situation of improvement has the bolt of a M36, and thermal walking is identical with second kind of situation basically with bolt stress.

In above-mentioned test, the distance of wedge shape notch 111 or length L are 195 millimeters, and be high 0.6 millimeter at the peripheral edge portion of annulus 11C.

The above results shows that wedge shape notch 111 has played the absorption plant effect that is heated the platen thermal deformation effectively, has promptly compensated thermal deformation effectively, makes platen 11 be added in the abnormal load that advances on the pad 90 with pressure roller 20 in a Q and obviously reduces.Consequently, notch 111 has been arranged, the damage that advances pad 90 has been reduced.This heat-insulating shield member 11Z shown in Fig. 5 or 7 and/or the combination of 11R and notch 111 are preventing that hydraulic static cardan shaft bearing apparatus from having more superiority aspect being damaged.

According to the present invention, with embodiment is the vertical type roller mill that reaches above-mentioned accompanying drawing as mentioned above of example, passing through to solve intrinsic problem compared with former roller press, be added in the vibrating machine load on drive unit and the associated bearings device during as platen and pressure roller work, the thermal deformation of working with pressure roller in roll extrusion operation and will be produced by the hot material of roll extrusion owing to platen has all had very big improvement prolonging roller press aspect the life-span.

Claims (12)

1. vertical type roller mill, it comprises:

Rotation platen with vertical turning cylinder in order to roll extrusion, this platen have the material that will be rolled and send to upper surface on it; One is installed in the basis and goes up in order to drive the platform tumbler of platen; At least one radially intilted taper type pressure roller, it has a turning cylinder; Being installed in the basis goes up in order to support the platform supporting device of platen rotationally; With the roller seat device that is installed on the basis, above roller is installed in, and rotate around its axle, the periphery surface that this roller seat device can promote roller leans against on the platen of platen upper surface neighboring area, like this when platen rotates, just force roller to roll, force roller and platen cooperation to roll the material of being given with this along the platen upper surface; Described platform supporting device comprises the platform leg, its shape is made coaxially and is stretched to platen around the core of tumbler and from the basis, described leg has journal bearing device that is used for the radial support platen and the axial or cardan shaft bearing apparatus that is used for the axial support platen

It is characterized in that:

A) described rotation platen has a coaxial hub that extends down, and described platform tumbler has coaxial extending upward so that the output shaft that is connected with described hub;

B) between the hub of the output shaft of platform tumbler and platen, the gear jockey is installed, on moment of torsion is passed to platen on the hub from output shaft;

C) each pressure roller that is in the operating position that is used for roll extrusion on platen is aimed at substantially with described axial bearing arrangement with respect to radial position;

D) the journal bearing device of described leg is arranged in the hub place support platen of described platen, and the axial bearing arrangement of described leg is arranged on the top of platform leg, with the axial support platen; With

E) tumbler of described platen does not produce with any essential part of platen and directly contacts, and only directly contacts with the platen hub by the gear jockey, and it also leaves the bracing or strutting arrangement that supports platen.

2. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the platform leg of platform supporting device has the stretched of vertical stretching from the basis, and the arm assembly of journal bearing device that stretches to the hub of platen in order to fixed radial ground from the leg body, this journal bearing device comprises the bearing of journals around hub, and axial bearing arrangement comprises that the hydraulic static of some circumferentially spaceds on vertical straight leg body top advances bearing, each the pressure roller that is in the operating position on the platen be positioned at least one hydraulic static at interval advance bearing directly over.

3. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the gear jockey comprises that is made a center circle tubular recess coaxial with hub, the tooth that has vertical stretching at the top of its output shaft provides first inner gearing at the periphery surface of recess; Toothed part has vertically extending tooth in the inside of hub inner surface, so that the inner gearing on top to be provided; And a firm gear shaft or gear connector with vertically extending tooth, tooth is processed on its periphery surface so that an outer gearing to be provided, this gear shaft removably and coaxially is fixed on the platen, thereby make it from the platen vertical hanging, pass toothed hub and enter toothed recess, yet between gear shaft and toothed recess, has axial air gap, and outer gearing and last, following inner gearing engagement, output shaft and hub separate simultaneously, wherein output shaft cooperates with hub by a gear shaft, allowing platen to rotate with output shaft, this moment output shaft and without undergoing the vertical load of platen.

4. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 3, it is characterized in that: it is automatic adjustment type that each hydraulic static advances bearing, and it comprises:

One is fixed to the lower plate at platform leg body top; One is processed with the upper plate of lubricant passageway therein, and the outside of platen abuts in slidably at the end of upper plate; With

Hinge device, comprise the centrally-pivoted axle and the fixture that are contained between the upper and lower plate, they can make upper plate around certain with respect to the lower plate swing in any direction distance of centrally-pivoted axle, simultaneously upper plate with respect to lower plate radially and tangentially being fixed with respect to turning cylinder.

5. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 4, the centrally-pivoted axle that it is characterized in that pivot device is side-prominent under the upper plate, so that forms spherical outstanding surface, should form point with the lower plate upside and contact.

6. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 5, it is characterized in that: fixture comprises: a pair of on the lower plate side-prominent auxiliary pivot, they radially leave mutually, centrally-pivoted axle is placed between them; The recess that radially leaves at the upper plate downside, in order to admit paired auxiliary pivot roller respectively, the profile of auxiliary pivot and recess and size are made and are made they and centrally-pivoted axle cooperation make upper plate produce above-mentioned swing, and upper plate radially and is tangentially being fixed with respect to lower plate by paired auxiliary pivot simultaneously.

7. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the platen plate body is made up of upper and lower plate portion, laminated heat dielectric plate members between the upper and lower plate.

8. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 7, it is characterized in that: platen is the additional thermal insulation panel member of lamination on the local annulus of its bottom side, advance bearing that docking facilities is provided as hydraulic static, like this, Fu Jia thermal insulation panel member makes platen body and docking facilities produce the heat isolation.

9. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 3, it is characterized in that: platen is lamination thermal insulation panel member on the local annulus of its bottom side, advance bearing that docking facilities is provided as hydraulic static, like this, the thermal insulation panel member makes platen body and docking facilities produce the heat isolation.

10. according to the vertical type roller mill of claim 3, it is characterized in that: platen has around the annular section of the downward extension of hub, its following free end amplexiforms slidably at hydraulic static and advances on the bearing, this annular section has the ring-type wedge shape breach that leaves one section axial distance of free end under it, when from the roller press longitudinal section view that comprises turning cylinder, seeing, this breach is increased to a radial distance, arrives outward flange, in the periphery surface upper shed in direction radially outward.

11. any one vertical type roller mill according to claim 3 to 10, it is characterized in that: platen has the plate body of circumferentially extending and inside and outside cylindrical portions may radially, inside and outside cylindrical portions may is radially left mutually, and from plate body stretching, extension down vertically, inner cylinder partly defines the axial through hole at a center of platen.So constituted hub, outer cylinder part or annular section have free end, it abuts in the hydraulic static that separates slidably and advances on the bearing, part and annular section that plate body, hub form, vertical vertical section from turning cylinder, they join together to form one inverted U-shaped, their periphery has following relationship:

1.2 〉=T ₂/ (R-R ₀) 〉=0.2 and 5 〉=T2/T1 〉=2; Wherein:

T ₁It is the axial width of thin part between the inside and outside cylindrical portions may of plate body;

T ₂Be to the axial width of the lower end of outer cylinder part from the upper end of the thinnest body part;

R be from the turning cylinder to the outer cylinder part at a given external diameter of the neighboring of free lower end; With

R ₀It is a given internal diameter of the inner rim of part on free end from the turning cylinder to the inner cylinder.

12. vertical type roller mill according to claim 11, it is characterized in that: the platform tumbler comprises a planet-shaped reduction gear component, it constitutes the core with vertical output axle, drive unit has a horizontal motor drive shaft and as the helical gear assembly of Transmission Part, reduction gear component comprises a carrier, and it comprises upper and lower member, and planetary gear or pinion are contained between the upper and lower member, one protrusion axially projects upwards from last carrier, constitutes the output shaft with band mark of mouth mouth at its top; Axial bearing arrangement also comprises a lubricant supply recovery system as hydraulic static propelling bearing.

Images