JP3011313B2 - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical grinding machine for grinding raw materials such as cement raw materials, slag, clinker, ceramics, and chemicals by cooperation of a rotary table and a grinding roller. The vertical load applied is not supported by the reducer that applies rotational force to the rotary table, but is supported by a hydrostatic bearing that is separately installed below the outer periphery of the rotary table, reducing the size of the reducer and preventing vibration problems of the reducer. The present invention also relates to a vertical pulverizer that considers thermal deformation of a hydrostatic bearing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a kind of crusher for finely pulverizing raw materials such as limestone, slag, and cement raw material into powder, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a vertical pulverizer 1 having a rotary table and a pulverizing roller is widely used. This kind of crusher
The lower part of the cylindrical casing 15 is driven by the electric motor 2B via the speed reducer 2 to rotate at a low speed and is in contact with a disc-shaped rotary table 3A, which is pressurized by a hydraulic pressure or the like at a position where the outer peripheral portion of the upper surface is equally divided in the circumferential direction. And a plurality of crushing rollers 4 that are driven and rotated.

The crushing roller 4 includes an arm 5 pivotally supported on a casing 15 by a shaft 6 and arms 7A and 7B.
Is connected to the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 via the hydraulic cylinder 9. By operating the hydraulic cylinder 9, the crushing roller 4 is pressed onto the rotary table 3 </ b> A to apply crushing pressure to the raw material. 3S is a dam ring provided on the outer peripheral edge of the rotary table 3A to adjust the thickness of the raw material layer, 14 is an annular space passage for the pulverized product overflowing the rotary table 3A, 17 is a material charging chute, and 18 is an annular space passage 14
A scraper that scrapes the crushed product that has fallen into The crushed product scraped by the scraper 18 is discharged out of the machine through a discharge chute 19 as shown in FIG.

In such a vertical pulverizer, the raw material supplied to the center of the rotary table by the raw material charging chute 17 receives the centrifugal force in the table radial direction by the rotation of the rotary table 3A and slides on the rotary table 3A. Sometimes, a force in the rotating direction is received by the rotating table 3A, and the rotating table 3A
And a rotation somewhat slower than the rotation speed of the turntable 3A is performed. The above two forces, that is, the force in the radial direction and the force in the rotation direction are combined, and the raw material moves on the turntable 3A to the outer periphery of the turntable 3A along a spiral trajectory. Since a roller is pressed against this outer peripheral portion and is rotating, the raw material describing the spiral enters the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3A from a direction forming an angle with the roller axis direction and bites. Rarely crushed.

On the other hand, in the planetary speed reducer 2 disposed directly below the rotary table 3A, the rotary table 3A is mounted on and connected to a horizontal disk attached to an output shaft projecting from the top. The rotating force is applied to the rotary table 3A while applying the entire load transmitted through the table 3A.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional vertical crusher 1, the rotary table 3A is directly connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer 2 which is disposed concentrically directly below the rotary table 3A. The reduction gear 2 always supports not only the weight of the rotary table 3A and the crushing roller 4 but also the crushing force urged by the hydraulic cylinder 9, so that the reduction gear 2 has a very large rigidity. It is necessary to maintain the size, which has caused a cost increase due to an increase in size. In addition, the vibration caused by the fluctuating load at the time of crushing is constantly transmitted, causing damage to the power transmission unit including the gears inside the reduction gear, resulting in a reduction in life due to the occurrence of a reduction gear trouble and a large cost for maintenance. And was forced to consume labor. Further, for example, a high-temperature clinker (normal temperature 80 ° C. to 15 ° C.)
(0 ° C, maximum 200 ° C), the heat of crushing is applied to the high-temperature raw material, and the temperature of the rotary table rises. Therefore, the rotary table deforms as if the bowl were lying down. Problems such as damage due to eccentric load applied to one side and shortening of service life have occurred.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems and to provide a vertical crusher having a trouble-free power transmission mechanism, in the present invention, a plurality of rotary crushers are provided on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table. A rotatable crushing roller is disposed, and the raw material supplied on the rotary table is given a predetermined pressure to the crushing roller to crush between the upper surface of the rotating table and the peripheral surface of the crushing roller. A reducer for applying a rotational force to the rotary table is disposed at a central portion immediately below the rotary table, and a hydrostatic bearing for supporting a vertical load such as its own weight and a crushing force applied to the rotary table is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary table. And a column base for supporting the static pressure bearing is provided separately from the speed reducer, and is provided on a portion of the rotary table mounted on the upper surface of the static pressure bearing. Expand outward Or a slit of the wedge shape, or to form a slit wedge shaped expanding outward in flange shoes donut which is bonded via the lower end to the bolt coupling of the rotary table.

[0008]

The rotary table in the present invention is driven to rotate by a speed reducer located immediately below. The vertical load, such as the weight of the rotary table and the pressing force of the crush roller, is disposed directly below the pressing area of the crush roller on the outer periphery of the rotary table. It is supported by a static pressure bearing. In addition, even if the rotary table is deformed such that the bowl is turned down due to thermal deformation, the wedge-shaped slit provided on the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table and the upper surface of the flange shoe joined thereto, Both the upper and lower surfaces on which the bearing slides are held horizontally, and the vertical load is transmitted evenly over the entire bearing surface, so that a long life is achieved without damage to the bearing.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 relate to an embodiment of the present invention,
1 is an overall vertical sectional view of the vertical crusher, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of the vertical crusher, FIG. 3 is a plan view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is BB in FIG. FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of a vertical crusher showing another embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in the vertical pulverizer 1 of the present invention, a rotary table 3 </ b> A is arranged inside a vertical cylindrical casing 15 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis coaxially with the casing 15. A plurality of (four in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3) crushing rollers 4 are mounted immediately above the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A, and are mounted on the top of a stand 40 formed of a double cylinder. Arm 5 and arms 7A and 7B swingable about a rotation axis 6 of 6A
And is pressed onto the rotary table 3A by the hydraulic cylinder 9 via the hydraulic cylinder 9 to be driven. As shown in FIG. 4, a wedge-shaped slit 50 whose gap gradually increases outward is provided at the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the turntable 3 </ b> A. A donut disk-shaped flange shoe 3B is fixed below the outer peripheral portion of the turntable 3A, and as shown in FIG. 4, a support plate 3 at the top of a column base 30 disposed inside a stand 40.
Hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a mounted on the top
It supports the vertical load such as its own weight and crushing force loaded on the rotary table 3A. A bearing metal 32 serving as a sliding surface is attached to an upper surface of a base metal 31 of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a.
The lower surface of B and the upper surface of the bearing metal 32 of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a serve as sliding surfaces during rotation of the turntable 3A, and are lubricated and supplied through a lubricating oil supply port 33 and an oil supply passage 33a formed in the base metal 31. You. The static pressure bearing (thrust pad) 30a configured as described above supports a vertical load such as its own weight and a crushing force (crushing roller pressing force) applied from the rotary table 3A, and transmits the load to the foundation through the column base 30. At the same time, even when the rotary table 3A is deformed in a bowl shape due to the high-temperature raw material pulverization or large pulverization heat, the wedge-shaped slit 50 provided at the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A absorbs this deformation and causes thermal deformation. Prevents one-sided collision and protects the hydrostatic bearing. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the slit 50 is provided not on the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A but on the upper surface of the flange shoe 3B joined thereto, and absorbs thermal deformation as in FIG.

In the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a wedge-shaped slit 50 is provided on the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the turntable 3A or on the upper surface of the flange 3B to be joined thereto, so that the hydrostatic bearing 30a can be mounted on the hydrostatic bearing 30a. Although the adverse effect of thermal deformation was prevented, when actually comparing the case where such a slit 50 is provided and the case where it is not provided, when the surface temperature of the rotary table 3A becomes 170 ° C. when the slit 50 is not provided. The height difference of the outer peripheral point Q is 13 compared to the inner peripheral point P of the flange shoe 3B.
00 μm. At this time, the size of the connecting bolt between the rotary table 3A and the flange shoe 3B is changed from M48 to M36.
The height difference decreases from 1300 μm to 1200 μm when the thickness is reduced, but the stress value of the joining bolt is 5.1 kg / m
m ² to 8.1 kg / mm ² . On the other hand, when the slit 50 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 was provided, the height difference between the inner peripheral point P and the outer peripheral point Q was sharply reduced to 300 μm. The stress value is 5.1 even when the joining bolt is M36.
kg / mm ² , which was a low value. From the above, the effectiveness of the slit device became clear.
In addition, the shape of the slit 50 has a slit range l = 195 m.
The maximum height h = 0.6 mm with respect to m (horizontal distance). As shown in FIG. 3, the hydrostatic bearing 30a is provided immediately below a plurality of (four in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4) pulverizing rollers 4 stacked on the rotary table 3A.
One is arranged. As shown in FIG. 2, a cylindrical rotary cylinder 3C having a flange at the top is provided integrally with the rotary table 3A so as to protrude below the inner peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A.
A cylindrical fixing ring 30B supported by a plurality of circumferential stays 30A extending diagonally upward and inward from the column base 30
The rotary cylinder 3C is fitted on a support ring 30b fixed inside the rotary cylinder 3C.
The sliding surface between the support ring 30b and the support ring 30b is lubricated and lubricated like the upper surface of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a. These two
Bearing (thrust pad) 30 forming two sliding surfaces
The role of the upper surface a and the inner surface of the support ring 30b is that the upper surface of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a mainly supports the vertical load, whereas the inner surface of the support ring 30b is rotated by the eccentric load applied to the rotary table 3A. Tilts,
Alternatively, it is to prevent horizontal movement and equalize the vertical load on the circumference. In addition, hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad)
Although 30a may be formed in the shape of a donut disk, it is usually arranged locally just below each grinding roller 4 as described above. The thrust pad 30a is also called a hydrostatic bearing, and the material of the bearing metal 32 can be white metal (WJ2), phosphor bronze, lead bronze, cadmium alloy, or the like, like the inner surface of the support ring 30b.

On the other hand, the rotary drive of the rotary table 3A is performed by rotating a spur gear screwed on the outer periphery of the top of an output shaft 2a of a speed reducer (planetary speed reducer in this embodiment) 2 disposed immediately below the center of the rotary table 3A. The vertical load applied to the rotary table 3A is not transmitted to the speed reducer 2 by being engaged with an internal gear mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 3C. In the vertical pulverizer 1 of the present invention configured as described above, the rotary table 3A is rotationally driven via the electric motor 2B and the planetary reduction gear 2, and the raw materials are each passed through the raw material charging chute 17 and the branch pipe 17A. It is dropped just before the crushing roller 4 and crushed between the rotary table 3A and the crushing roller 4, overflows the rotary table 3A, falls into the annular space passage 14, is scraped by the scraper 18 and is out of the machine through the raw material discharge port. Is discharged to Note that the branch pipe 17A is provided with a dam plate 1 in the lower half thereof in order to prevent abrasion of a material having high abrasion, such as a clinker.
A plurality of 7Bs are arranged to store raw materials and form a material cushion. As described above, in the vertical crusher 1 of the present invention, the rotary table is provided separately from the speed reducer 2 by the static pressure bearing protected from thermal deformation without applying a vertical load to the speed reducer 2 as in the conventional structure. The mechanism is designed to support a vertical load such as a 3A own weight or a crushing force applied by the hydraulic cylinder 9. Therefore, the speed reducer 2 only needs to have a function of transmitting the rotational torque for the rotary drive, and can be reduced in size accordingly, and is less affected by the vibration phenomenon caused by the load fluctuation during the pulverization work. Damage is reduced and long life is achieved.

[0012]

As described above, according to the present invention, the reduction gear can be reduced in size and weight, the equipment cost can be reduced, and the reduction gear trouble caused by abnormal vibration during pulverization can be avoided, and the maintenance performance can be improved. Is improved. Further, since the thermal deformation of the rotary table is not considered to affect the hydrostatic bearing, a long life can be achieved without damaging the hydrostatic bearing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a vertical crusher according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an overall vertical sectional view of a conventional vertical crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical grinder 2 Speed reducer (planetary speed reducer) 2A Inching motor 2B Electric motor 2a Output shaft 3A Rotary table 3B Flange shoe 3C Rotating cylinder 3S Dam ring 4 Grinding roller 5 Arm 6 Shaft (rotary shaft) 7 Arm 7A Arm 7B Arm 9 Hydraulic cylinder 14 Annular space passage 15 Casing 16 Discharge port 17 Material input chute 17A Branch pipe 17B Weir plate 18 Scraper 19 Discharge chute 30 Pillar 30A Stay 30B Fixing ring 30P Support plate 30a Static pressure bearing (thrust pad) 30b Support ring 31 Base metal 32 Bearing metal 33 Lubrication filler port 34 Oil supply path 40 Stand 50 Slit P Inner peripheral point Q Outer peripheral point l Slit horizontal length h Slit maximum height

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B02C 15/00-15/16

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are disposed on an upper surface of an outer peripheral portion of a rotary table, and a predetermined pressure is applied to the crushing rollers for the raw material supplied on the rotary table to apply a predetermined pressure to the rotating table. In a vertical pulverizer for pulverizing between a surface and a surface, a reducer for applying a rotational force to the rotary table is disposed at a central portion immediately below the rotary table, and the own weight and the pulverizing force applied to the rotary table, etc. A static pressure bearing that supports the vertical load of the rotary table is disposed directly below the grinding roller pressing area on the outer periphery of the rotary table, and a column base that supports the static pressure bearing is provided separately from the speed reducer. A wedge-shaped slit extending outwardly is formed in a portion loaded on the upper surface of the hydrostatic bearing, or a donut-shaped flange which is joined to a lower end of the rotary table via a bolt connection. A vertical pulverizer characterized by forming a wedge-shaped slit that expands outwardly.