JP2956878B2 - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vertical grinding machine for grinding raw materials such as cement raw materials, slag, clinker, ceramics, and chemicals by cooperation of a rotary table and a grinding roller. The vertical load to be applied is supported not by a speed reducer that applies rotational force to the rotary table but by a hydrostatic bearing separately installed below the outer periphery of the rotary table, and by taking into account the shape of the rotary table, The present invention relates to a vertical pulverizer in which an adverse effect due to heat transfer to a speed reducer is reduced as much as possible.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one type of a crusher for finely pulverizing raw materials such as limestone, slag, and cement raw material into powder, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a vertical pulverizer 1 having a rotary table and a pulverizing roller is widely used. This kind of crusher
The lower part of the cylindrical casing 15 is driven by the electric motor 2B by the speed reducer 2 to rotate at a low speed and rotates at a low speed. And a plurality of crushing rollers 4.

The crushing roller 4 includes an arm 5 pivotally supported on a casing 15 by a shaft 6 and arms 7A and 7B.
Is connected to the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 via the hydraulic cylinder 9. By operating the hydraulic cylinder 9, the crushing roller 4 is pressed onto the rotary table 3 </ b> A to apply crushing pressure to the raw material. 3S is a dam ring provided on the outer peripheral edge of the rotary table 3A to adjust the thickness of the raw material layer, 14 is an annular space passage for the pulverized product overflowing the rotary table 3A, 17 is a raw material charging chute, and 18 is dropped into the annular space passage. It is a scraper that scrapes crushed products. The crushed product scraped by the scraper 18 is discharged out of the machine via a discharge chute (not shown). Also, 17A is a plurality (4 in this embodiment) connected to the raw material charging chute 17.
The branch pipe 17B is a weir plate provided on the inner lower surface of the branch pipe 17A.

In such a vertical pulverizer, a raw material charging chute 17 and a branch pipe 17 are provided at the center of a rotary table.
The raw material supplied in A receives a centrifugal force in the radial direction of the table due to the rotation of the rotary table 3A and slides on the rotary table 3A, and receives a force in the rotational direction by the rotary table 3A to slide between the rotary table 3A. Rotary table 3A
The rotation is somewhat slower than the rotation speed. These two forces,
That is, the forces in the radial direction and the rotational direction are combined, and the raw material moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table 3A along a spiral path on the rotary table 3A. Since a roller is pressed against this outer peripheral portion and is rotating, the raw material describing the spiral enters the crushing roller 4 and the rotary table 3A from a direction forming an angle with the roller axis direction and bites. Rarely crushed.

On the other hand, the planetary reduction gear 2 disposed immediately below the rotary table 3A supports the entire load transmitted to the rotary table by a static pressure bearing disposed around an output shaft protruding from the top and reduces the speed. In addition to transmitting to the foundation via the casing of the machine, the rotary table is driven to rotate by the center output shaft.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional vertical pulverizer 1, the hydrostatic bearing is mounted on the speed reducer 2 in which the rotary table 3A is concentrically disposed directly below the rotary table 3A. The reduction gear 2 always supports not only the own weight of the rotary table 3A and the crushing roller 4 but also the crushing force urged by the hydraulic cylinder 9, for example, a high-temperature clinker (normal temperature 80 ° C. (150 ° C., maximum 200 ° C.) and the like, the heat of crushing is applied to the high-temperature raw material, so that the temperature of the rotary table 3A rises, so that the bowl is thermally deformed as if lying down.
There has been a problem that an eccentric load due to thermal deformation is further applied to a hydrostatic bearing in a severe use condition, resulting in a shortened life or damage.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a plurality of rotatable crushing rollers are provided on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table, and the crushing roller is supplied on the rotary table. In a vertical pulverizer in which a raw material is given a predetermined pressure to a pulverizing roller and pulverized between a rotary table and a peripheral surface of a pulverizing roller, a static pressure for supporting a vertical load such as its own weight and a pulverizing force applied to the rotary table. A bearing is provided at a lower end of an outer peripheral portion of the rotary table, a speed reducer for rotating the rotary table is provided below a central portion of the rotary table, and the rotary table is a flat plate portion on which a crush roller is mounted. And an outer peripheral cylindrical portion extending below the outer periphery of the flat plate portion and having a lower end supported by the hydrostatic bearing, and extending below the center portion of the flat plate portion and engaging the lower end with the output shaft of the speed reducer. With a peripheral cylinder A wedge-shaped slit that expands outward is formed at the lower end of the outer peripheral cylindrical portion of the rotary table, or a donut disk-shaped flange shoe that is joined to the lower end of the outer cylindrical portion via a bolt connection is outwardly formed. A wedge-shaped slit expanding toward the front was formed.

[0008]

According to the present invention, a hydrostatic bearing for supporting the vertical load applied to the rotary table is provided at the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table, and the weight of the rotary table and the pulverization pressed by the pulverizing table at the outer periphery of the rotary table. A vertical load such as a force is transmitted almost vertically through the outer cylindrical portion and supported by a hydrostatic bearing, while the rotational force is transmitted to the rotary table by the inner cylindrical portion engaged with the output shaft of the speed reducer. Therefore, the deformation of the rotary table due to the vertical load is small, and the thermal distortion of the lower end of the inner cylindrical portion and the lower end of the outer cylindrical portion due to the heat transfer by the high-temperature raw material or the crushing heat given to the flat plate portion also has the conventional structure of a vertical pulverizer. Since the size of the rotary table is extremely small as compared with the substantially flat rotary table used in the above, the adverse effects due to load deformation and thermal strain on the hydrostatic bearing and the reducer are small, and the damage to the equipment and the service life can be reduced. In addition, even if the rotary table is deformed such that the bowl is turned down due to thermal deformation, the wedge-shaped slit provided on the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table and the upper surface of the flange shoe joined thereto, Both the upper and lower surfaces on which the bearing slides are held horizontally, and the vertical load is transmitted evenly over the entire bearing surface, so that a long life is achieved without damage to the bearing.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 8 relate to an embodiment of the present invention,
1 is an overall vertical sectional view of the vertical crusher, FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of the vertical crusher, FIG. 3 is a plan view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is BB in FIG. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a vertical crusher showing another embodiment, and FIGS. 6 to 8 are thermal distortion analysis state diagrams of a rotary table. As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, in the vertical pulverizer 1 of the present invention, the rotary table 3 is coaxial with the casing 15 inside the upright cylindrical casing 15.
A is disposed rotatably about a vertical axis, and a rotary table 3A
A plurality (four in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3) immediately above the outer periphery of
And a hydraulic cylinder 9 through an arm 5 swingable around a rotation axis 6 of a bearing 6A installed on the top of a stand 40 formed of a double cylinder, and arms 7A and 7B. It is pressed on the rotary table 3A and driven. The shape of the turntable 3A is, as shown in the figure,
A flat plate portion 3X having a horizontal upper section and a substantially cylindrical outer cylindrical portion 3Y and a flat plate portion 3X connected to the lower part of the outer periphery of the flat plate portion 3X.
And an inner peripheral cylindrical portion 3 </ b> Z of a cylindrical shape connected downward around the central through-hole of the above. As shown in FIG. 4, the lower end of the outer peripheral cylindrical portion 3Y of the turntable 3A has a wedge-shaped slit 5 whose gap gradually increases outward.
0 is provided. Further, a donut disk-shaped flange shoe 3B is fixed below the outer peripheral cylindrical portion 3Y of the turntable 3A, and a hydrostatic bearing mounted on the top of a column base 30 disposed inside the stand 40. (Thrust pad) 30a, while the lower surface of the flange shoe 3B and the upper surface of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a slide while the rotary table 3A is rotating, the vertical load received by the rotary table 3A is a static pressure bearing. (Thrust pad) 30 a and column base 30. A cylindrical rotary cylinder 3C having a flange at the top is integrally provided with the rotary table 3A below the inner cylindrical portion 3Z of the rotary table 3A, and extends obliquely upward and inward from the column base 30. Cylindrical fixing ring 3 supported by a plurality of circumferential stays 30A
The sliding ring between the rotary cylinder 3C and the support ring 30b is fitted with a support ring 30b fixed in the inside of the rotary cylinder 0B and lubricated and supplied with oil in the same manner as the upper surface of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a. Hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) forming these two sliding surfaces
The roles of the upper surface of the support ring 30a and the inner surface of the support ring 30b are such that the upper surface of the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a mainly supports the vertical load, whereas the inner surface of the support ring 30b is rotated by the eccentric load applied to the rotary table 3A. Is to prevent tilting or horizontal movement, and to equalize the vertical load on the circumference. Although the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a may be formed in a donut disk shape, it is usually locally disposed directly below each grinding roller 4. The thrust pad 30a is also called a hydrostatic bearing,
The material is white metal (WJ2), phosphor bronze, lead bronze,
A cadmium alloy or the like can be adopted.

On the other hand, the rotary table 3A is rotated by a spur gear screwed on the outer periphery of the top of an output shaft 2a of a speed reducer (planetary speed reducer in this embodiment) 2 disposed immediately below the center of the rotary table 3A. The vertical load applied to the rotary table 3A is not transmitted to the speed reducer 2 by being engaged with an internal gear mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 3C. In the vertical pulverizer 1 of the present invention configured as described above, the rotary table 3A is driven to rotate via the inching motor 2A, the motor 2B and the planetary reduction gear 2, and the raw material is supplied to the raw material input chute 17
And is dropped immediately before each grinding roller 4 via a branch pipe 17A, is pulverized between the rotary table 3A and the grinding roller 4, overflows the rotary table 3A, falls into the annular space passage 14, and is scraped by the scraper 18. It is scraped and discharged out of the machine from a raw material discharge port (not shown). In addition,
In the branch pipe 17A, a plurality of weir plates 17B are arranged in the lower half to store a raw material and form a material cushion in order to prevent abrasion of a raw material having high abrasion such as a clinker.

Next, the thermal deformation of the rotary table will be described. Applicants have reported that high-temperature raw materials, for example, common use
The thermal deformation of the rotary table when pulverizing a clinker at 0 ° C. and a maximum of 200 ° C. was analyzed by the finite element method (NASTRAN) in consideration of the load condition and the temperature condition in the actual operation state. By observing the state of thermal deformation of the rotary table 3A for the dozens of types under the same boundary conditions, it was found that there was a large difference in thermal deformation depending on the shape. Here, a conventional simple flat plate-shaped rotary table 3A (TYPE
A) and the rotary table 3A (TYPE) having the least thermal deformation.
B) and the rotary table 3A (T
5 shows the results of analysis of YPE C). 6 to 8 each show T
The analysis results of the rotary table 3A of YPE A, TYPE B, and TYPE C are shown. The results show that the thermal strain near the hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a is TYPE A
Was 1100 μm, but TYPE B was 3
00 μm (about 600 μm for TYPE C)
m). Judging from the above results, the rotary table 3A (in which the outer cylindrical portion 3Y and the inner cylindrical portion 3Z are respectively connected to the flat plate portion 3X and which has a certain height, instead of the flat plate type TYPE A of the conventional structure). It has been found that the present invention) is desirable from the viewpoint of eliminating thermal effects. Also, TYPE
In B, it has been found that the thermal distortion can be kept small even if the thickness of the outer peripheral cylindrical portion 3Y is considerably reduced as far as the rigidity allows, so that the cost can be reduced by reducing the weight.

As described above, the vertical pulverizer 1 according to the present invention is used.
In this case, the rotary table 3 is provided separately from the planetary reducer 2 without applying a vertical load to the reducer 2 unlike the conventional structure.
The mechanism supports vertical loads such as the weight of A and the crushing force applied by the hydraulic cylinder 9. Therefore,
The planetary reducer 2 only needs to have a function of transmitting rotational torque for rotational drive, and can be reduced in size accordingly.
It is less susceptible to vibration phenomena due to load fluctuations during the crushing work, and damage due to vibration trouble is reduced and long life is achieved.

The hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) 30a configured as described above supports a vertical load such as its own weight and a crushing force (crushing roller pressing force) applied from the rotary table 3A, and is supported through the column base 30. When the rotary table 3A is deformed into a bowl shape due to the high-temperature raw material pulverization or large pulverization heat, the wedge-shaped slit 50 provided at the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A absorbs this deformation. Prevents one-sided contact caused by thermal deformation and protects the hydrostatic bearing. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which the slit 50 is provided not on the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A but on the upper surface of the flange shoe 3B joined thereto, and absorbs thermal deformation as in FIG.

In the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a wedge-shaped slit 50 is provided in the lower end of the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 3A or on the upper surface of the flange shoe 3B to be joined thereto, so that a hydrostatic bearing (thrust pad) is provided. ) The adverse effect of thermal deformation on 30a was prevented, but when actually comparing the case where such a slit 50 is provided and the case where it is not provided, the slit 50
When the surface temperature of the rotary table 3A is 17
At 0 ° C., the height difference between the outer peripheral point Q and the inner peripheral point P of the flange shoe 3B becomes 1300 μm. At this time, if the size of the connecting bolt between the rotary table 3A and the flange shoe 3B is reduced from M48 to M36, the height difference is 1300 μm.
m to 1200 μm, but conversely, the stress value of the joining bolt increased from 5.1 kg / mm ² to 8.1 kg / mm ² . On the other hand, the slit 5 shown in FIGS.
When 0 is provided, the height difference between the inner peripheral point P and the outer peripheral point Q is 3
It decreased sharply to 00 μm. It was also found that the stress value was 5.1 kg / mm ² , which was a low value even when the joining bolt was M36. From the above, the effectiveness of slit installation became clear. It should be noted that the shape of the slit 50 is sufficient if the slit range s is 195 mm (horizontal distance) and the maximum slit height h is 0.6 mm. Further, in the present invention, since the rotary table is formed to have a small thermal deformation as described above, troubles due to the thermal influence of the hydrostatic bearing and the speed reducer are further reduced.

[0015]

As described above, according to the present invention, the reduction gear can be reduced in size and weight, the equipment cost can be reduced, and the reduction gear trouble caused by abnormal vibration during pulverization can be avoided, and the maintenance performance can be improved. Is improved. Further, since the thermal deformation of the rotary table is not considered to affect the hydrostatic bearing, a long life can be achieved without damaging the hydrostatic bearing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a main part of a vertical crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a vertical crusher according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a thermal distortion analysis state diagram of the rotary table according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a thermal distortion analysis state diagram of the turntable according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a thermal distortion analysis state diagram of the turntable according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an overall vertical sectional view of a conventional vertical crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical grinder 2 Reduction gear (planetary reduction gear) 2A Inching motor 2B Electric motor 2a Output shaft 3A Rotary table 3B Flange shoe 3C Rotating cylinder 3S Dam ring 3X Flat plate part 3Y Outer cylinder part 3Z Inner cylinder part 4 Crush roller 5 Arm 6 axis (rotating axis) 7 Arm 7A Arm 7B Arm 9 Hydraulic cylinder 14 Annular space passage 15 Casing 16 Discharge port 17 Material input chute 17A Branch pipe 17B Weir plate 18 Scraper 19 Discharge chute 30 Column base 30A Stay 30B Fixing ring 30P Support Plate 30a Static pressure bearing (thrust pad) 30b Support ring 31 Base metal 32 Bearing metal 33 Lubrication oil supply port 34 Oil supply path 40 Stand 50 Slit P Inner peripheral point Q Outer peripheral point s Slit horizontal length h Slit maximum height

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B02C 15/00-15/16

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A rotary table is provided with a plurality of rotatable crushing rollers on an upper surface of an outer peripheral portion of a rotary table. In a vertical pulverizer that pulverizes between the rotary table and a static pressure bearing that supports a vertical load such as its own weight and a pulverizing force applied to the rotary table, is disposed at a lower end of an outer peripheral portion of the rotary table. A rotationally driven reduction gear is disposed below the center of the rotary table, and the rotary table extends below the flat plate portion on which the crushing roller is mounted and the outer periphery of the flat plate portion, and has a lower end attached to the hydrostatic bearing. An outer cylindrical portion to be supported and an inner cylindrical portion extending below the center of the flat plate portion and engaging the lower end of the output shaft of the speed reducer. Wedge shape expanding toward Or a wedge-shaped slit that expands outward in a donut disk-shaped flange shoe that is joined to the lower end of the outer cylindrical portion via a bolt connection. Mold crusher.