CN103485371A - Device and method for foundation failure mode simulation and bearing capacity testing - Google Patents
Device and method for foundation failure mode simulation and bearing capacity testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103485371A CN103485371A CN201310431671.9A CN201310431671A CN103485371A CN 103485371 A CN103485371 A CN 103485371A CN 201310431671 A CN201310431671 A CN 201310431671A CN 103485371 A CN103485371 A CN 103485371A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for foundation failure mode simulation and bearing capacity testing. The device comprises an organic glass box, a cover plate, a small motor, a gear fixing plate, capacitor type film pressure sensors, a stress collector and a piezometer tube. An instrument is a square model box in appearance, the small motor is anchored above a box cover and drives gears to rotate through a chain, so that a gear rod is pressed downwards, a strip-shaped base is fixed below the gear rod, and the four capacitor type film pressure sensors are arranged at the bottom of the base. When the strip-shaped base is pressed into a foundation, foundation bearing capacity under different foundation design conditions is obtained through a p-S curve drawn by means of actual measurement stress; the foundation bearing capacity is simultaneously calculated with parameters such as volume weight, cohesive force c, the embedded depth d of the foundation, the base width b and the underground water level and the like through a theoretical equation, and comparative analysis can be performed on values calculated through various bearing capacity formulas and actually measured values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental rig, relate in particular to a kind of foundation failure form simulation and test of bearing capacity device and test method.
Background technology
Bearing capacity of foundation soil is one of important topic of soil mechanics research, if load is excessive, surpasses the supporting capacity of ground, will make ground produce sliding failure.Static load test research and case history show, because the not enough essence that makes ground cause destruction of bearing capacity of foundation soil is the shear failure of bearing stratum soil below basis.The form of shear failure can be divided into three kinds: general shear failure, local shear failure and punching shear failure.Because mode of failure itself is difficult to performance and record, can not meet the intuitive of classroom teaching, therefore be necessary the experimental rig of developing a kind of ground foundation simulation mode of failure and highlighting destructive characteristics.In addition, because general shear failure has continuous slide plane, the research model that more easily theorizes, the process and character more complicated of local shear failure and punching shear failure, the design formulas of bearing capacity of foundation soil is also failed to draw in the aspect of theoretical research at present.And some theoretical calculation formulas of bearing capacity of foundation soil have also comprised more supposition, and its practicality and error analysis just receive publicity.Therefore before utilizing theoretical formula to calculate bearing capacity of foundation soil, should sum up the foundation failure rule, theoretical value and the actual conditions of bearing capacity of foundation soil are analyzed.
At present, the domestic experimental study of carrying out for different foundation failure patterns is relatively less, before the present invention, Chinese patent CN101707024 discloses a kind of foundation bearing capacity damage model test device, that an organic glass model test case bottom is filled with sand grains, packed height is 250～350mm, erect multistory building object model and model of high-rise building are arranged in sand grains, a support of another layout outside model test box, be hung with the organic glass water receptacle on support, communicate with at the bottom of chamber by pipeline.Its weak point is:
(1) due to multistory building and highrise building object model, load is constant in test, therefore the foundation failure process of unit simulation is comparatively rough, the development condition in shear failure district in the time of can not demonstrating out load and increase gradually, can not analyze the Relationship Between Dynamic Change of base pressure and foundation settlement in the foundation failure process.
(2) adopt the mode that improves groundwater table to make soil body effective stress reduce, cause the bearing capacity of foundation soil deficiency, after water filling, whether destroy can only test before rough calculation in advance, once and Lack of support, destructive process is very fast, can not tell the stages of shear failure, the test controllability is poor.
(3) this problem of losing efficacy of bearing capacity of foundation soil of having installed only ocular demonstration, can not obtain bearing capacity of foundation soil value accurately, do not consider the various influence factors that cause that bearing capacity of foundation soil changes simultaneously yet, therefore can't carry out the theory of bearing capacity of foundation soil and the contrast verification of test.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, for overcoming above deficiency, provides a kind of foundation failure form simulation and test of bearing capacity device and test method.
A kind of foundation failure form simulation and test of bearing capacity device, comprise organic glass box, cover plate, miniature motor, gear fixed head, capacitive films pressure sensor 13, stress collector 14, piezometer tube 15.The organic glass case is provided with a cover plate, and cover plate is fixed on organic glass case top by set bolt; One miniature motor, gear fixed head are separately fixed at the cover plate top; Be provided with three gears on the gear fixed head, wherein two gears and rack interlock, another gear is in order to the guiding chain paths; Motor rotates by the chain-driving gear, makes rack press down; Rack leads in the organic glass case by hole reserved on cover plate, and the rack below is fixedly connected with a basic fixed head, and strip foundation is followed closely and is fixed on basic fixed head bottom by spoon; Strip foundation bottom arranges four capacitive films pressure sensors, and the capacitive films pressure sensor is fixed on strip foundation by the mode embedded, and by wire transmission to the stress collector; Piezometer tube is fixed on organic glass case one side; Soil body interlayer dyeing in the organic glass case, different minute interlayers are due to the color difference, and the changing of the relative positions produced at the skid wire place is particularly evident, and these changing of the relative positions are connected and can form complete failure line.Strip foundation is designed to detachable block, has made the strip foundation of different in width for use, can when banketing, control the different buried depth of strip foundation, and the unit weight of soil simultaneously
, cohesion
c, the different setting such as groundwater table, by measured stress, draw
p-
scurve obtains the bearing capacity of foundation soil in different basic engineering situations, simultaneously with unit weight
, cohesion
c, embedded depth of foundation
dand base widths
band the parameter such as groundwater table calculates bearing capacity of foundation soil by theoretical formula, the numerical value that can calculate various Bearing Capacity Formulas and the numerical value of actual measurement are analyzed.
The test method of a kind of foundation failure form simulation and test of bearing capacity, comprise the steps:
1) select the soil of corresponding compression property according to different ground failure modes, first measure native unit weight before test
and cohesion
c, fill the foundation soil of certain altitude layer dyeing in organic glass case 1.
2) according to the width of design, select by a certain percentage suitable width
bstrip foundation, follow closely and be fixed on basic fixed head by spoon, and strip foundation is buried underground to certain buried depth
d.
3) make rack pass through reserved circular opening, keep vertically being entrapped in the middle of two power transmission gears, with set bolt, cover plate is fixed on to organic glass case top.Install as shown in the figure chain, while making motor rotate, two power transmission gears are respectively clockwise and rotate counterclockwise, and the driven gear bar presses down.
4) open motor switch, make strip foundation at the uniform velocity slowly to pressing down ground.Foundation stress is by the capacitive films determination of pressure sensor of strip foundation bottom and be recorded in the stress collector.Drafting strip foundation deflection and base pressure
p-
scurve.
5) by measured stress, draw
p-
scurve, by
p-
scurve obtains actual bearing capacity of foundation soil, simultaneously with unit weight
, cohesion
c, embedded depth of foundation
dand foundation width
bcalculate bearing capacity of foundation soil etc. parameter by theoretical formula, contrast the goodness of fit of various calculated values and actual value.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has
The present invention can be by the rotation driven gear bar of motor, makes under strip foundation the soil body with constant strain rate pressurized, the progressive formation of shear failure when ground foundation simulation soil bears upper load.Particularly adopted the capacitive films pressure sensor, can measure real-time base pressure, motor presses down strip foundation by given pace, and base pressure increases with foundation settlement and increases gradually gradually; Fill harder or closely knit soil in the organic glass case, can demonstrate general shear failure, fill weak clay, can demonstrate local shear failure or punching shear failure, can obtain thus the difference of the variation relation of base pressure and foundation settlement under different failure modes; During test, by the mode of layer dyeing, the changing of the relative positions that can make different minute interlayers produce is outstanding, can form complete failure line, can intuitively observe the elongated area of slide plane.And strip foundation is designed to detachable block, made the strip foundation of different in width for use, can when banketing, control the different buried depth of strip foundation simultaneously, and the unit weight of soil
, cohesion
c, the different setting such as groundwater table, by measured stress, draw
p-
scurve obtains the bearing capacity of foundation soil in different basic engineering situations, simultaneously with unit weight
, cohesion
c, embedded depth of foundation
dand base widths
band the parameter such as groundwater table calculates bearing capacity of foundation soil by theoretical formula, the numerical value that can calculate various Bearing Capacity Formulas and the numerical value of actual measurement are analyzed.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure front elevation view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of agent structure of the present invention;
In figure
: organic glass case 1, cover plate 2, set bolt 3, miniature motor 4, gear fixed head 5, power transmission gear 6, rack 7, equipment gear 8, chain 9, basic fixed head 10, strip foundation 11, spoon nail 12, capacitive films pressure sensor 13, stress collector 14, piezometer tube 15.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of foundation failure form simulation and test of bearing capacity device, comprise organic glass box 1, cover plate 2, set bolt 3, miniature motor 4, gear fixed head 5, power transmission gear 6, rack 7, equipment gear 8, chain 9, basic fixed head 10, strip foundation 11, spoon nail 12, capacitive films pressure sensor 13, stress collector 14, piezometer tube 15.
The test method of a kind of foundation failure form simulation and test of bearing capacity device comprises the following steps:
(1) select the soil of corresponding compression property according to different ground failure modes, first measure native unit weight before test
and cohesion
c, fill the foundation soil of certain altitude in organic glass case 1.
(2) according to the width designed, selection suitable width by a certain percentage
bstrip foundation 11, follow closely 12 by spoon and be fixed on basic fixed head 10, and strip foundation 11 is buried underground to certain buried depth
d.
(3) movable cover plate 2 makes rack 7 by reserved circular opening, keeps vertically being entrapped in the middle of two power transmission gears 6, with set bolt 3, cover plate 2 is fixed on to organic glass case top.Chain 9 is installed, and while making motor 4 rotate, two power transmission gears 6 are respectively clockwise and rotate counterclockwise, and driven gear bar 7 presses down.
(4) open motor 4 switches, make strip foundation 11 at the uniform velocity slowly to pressing down ground.Foundation stress is measured and is recorded in the stress collector by the capacitive films pressure sensor 13 of strip foundation 11 bottoms.Drafting strip foundation 11 deflections and base pressure
p-
scurve.
(5) by measured stress, draw
p-
scurve obtains actual bearing capacity of foundation soil, simultaneously with unit weight
, cohesion
c, embedded depth of foundation
dand foundation width
bcalculate bearing capacity of foundation soil etc. parameter by theoretical formula, the base pressure of various calculated values and actual measurement is analyzed.
Claims (2)
1. a foundation failure form simulation and test of bearing capacity device, comprise organic glass box, cover plate, miniature motor, gear fixed head, capacitive films pressure sensor, stress collector, piezometer tube, it is characterized in that: the organic glass case is provided with a cover plate, and cover plate is fixed on organic glass case top by set bolt; Miniature motor, gear fixed head are separately fixed at the cover plate top; Be provided with three gears on the gear fixed head, wherein two gears and rack interlock, another gear is in order to the guiding chain paths; Rack leads in the organic glass case by hole reserved on cover plate, and the rack below is fixedly connected with a basic fixed head, and strip foundation is followed closely and is fixed on basic fixed head bottom by spoon; Strip foundation bottom arranges four capacitive films pressure sensors, and the capacitive films pressure sensor is fixed on strip foundation by the mode embedded, and by wire transmission to the stress collector; Piezometer tube is fixed on organic glass case one side; Soil body interlayer dyeing in the organic glass case.
2. the test method of a foundation failure form simulation and test of bearing capacity, comprise the steps:
1) select the soil of corresponding compression property according to different ground failure modes, first measure native unit weight before test
and cohesion
c, fill the foundation soil of certain altitude layer dyeing in organic glass case 1;
2) according to the width of design, select by a certain percentage suitable width
bstrip foundation, follow closely and be fixed on basic fixed head by spoon, and strip foundation is buried underground to certain buried depth
d;
3) make rack pass through reserved circular opening, keep vertically being entrapped in the middle of two power transmission gears, with set bolt, cover plate is fixed on to organic glass case top; Install chain, while making motor rotate, two power transmission gears are respectively clockwise and rotate counterclockwise, and the driven gear bar presses down;
4) drive motor switch, make strip foundation at the uniform velocity slowly to pressing down ground, foundation stress is by the capacitive films determination of pressure sensor of strip foundation bottom and be recorded in the stress collector, draws strip foundation deflection and base pressure
p-
scurve;
5) got through that measured stress draws
p-
scurve, by
p-
scurve obtains actual bearing capacity of foundation soil, simultaneously with unit weight
, cohesion
c, embedded depth of foundation
dand foundation width
bcalculate bearing capacity of foundation soil etc. parameter by theoretical formula, contrast the goodness of fit of various calculated values and actual value.
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| CN201310431671.9A CN103485371B (en) | 2013-09-22 | 2013-09-22 | Device and method for foundation failure mode simulation and bearing capacity testing |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310431671.9A CN103485371B (en) | 2013-09-22 | 2013-09-22 | Device and method for foundation failure mode simulation and bearing capacity testing |
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| CN103485371A true CN103485371A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| CN103485371B CN103485371B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109977453A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-07-05 | 河北工程大学 | Solid packed hydraulic support working resistance design method |
| CN110232860A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-09-13 | 长沙理工大学 | Multifunction test device and its test method for soil mechanics plane strain problems |
| CN110258669A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-20 | 浙江省水利河口研究院 | A kind of foundation bearing capacity experimental rig and its application method |
| CN110306519A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-10-08 | 陕西长地建设工程质量检测有限公司 | Foundation bearing force checking device and method |
| CN113029780A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-25 | 浙江理工大学 | Soil slope filling process simulation method and device |
| CN114444229A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-06 | 西南石油大学 | Method for analyzing bearing capacity of pipe section passing through highway |
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| CN113029780A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-25 | 浙江理工大学 | Soil slope filling process simulation method and device |
| CN113029780B (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2024-04-30 | 浙江理工大学 | Method and device for simulating soil slope filling process |
| CN114444229A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-06 | 西南石油大学 | Method for analyzing bearing capacity of pipe section passing through highway |
| CN114444229B (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | Method for analyzing bearing capacity of road-crossing pipe section |
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| CN103485371B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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