Background technology
At present, domestic enterprise rests on the stage of producing starch, making bean vermicelli to the processing majority of pea.Contain the nutriments such as a large amount of protein, dietary fiber, compound sugar in the waste water that production pea starch process produces, if directly discharge meeting serious waste resource, contaminated environment.In recent years, the research of pea separation protein extracting method is increasing, in prior art, be mainly the waste water from producing starch, to take the heavy method of the molten acid of alkali to extract pea protein, the following shortcoming of its existence: 1, existing extraction process makes the purity of the pea separation protein of producing generally below 85%, product purity is lower, the functional impact that is subject to purity; 2, the extracting method of existing pea separation protein is subject to the restriction of technological parameter and appointed condition, and protein yield is relatively low; 3, the waste water after the extraction protein isolate is not fully used, and directly discharges, and causes the serious waste of resource.
Meanwhile, soy molasses is produced the accessory substance in FSPC (being called for short ALSPC) process as pure method, and its functional achievement in research is reported out successively.And, in the pea separation protein process, can produce equally a kind of molasses that are rich in plurality of active ingredients---pea molasses.Pea molasses composition is comparatively complicated, it is the aggregate of various plants compound, contain abundant free sugar, vitamin and mineral matter, can be used as the extraction raw material of pea compound sugar, cellulose etc., also can be used as nutritive value and palatability that feed addictive improves feed, there is important biological action and higher economic worth.
Therefore, need a kind of novel extraction process of exploitation in prior art badly, the waste water produced in the pea starch production process is fully utilized, in production high purity separation albumen, extract the pea molasses that quality is good, be of high nutritive value, create higher value of the product, reduce the wasting of resources, environmental contamination reduction, have very high environmental benefit, economic benefit and social benefit simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to change the wasting of resources phenomenon occurred in current pea process, a kind of extract pea molasses and pea separation protein in pea starch factory effluent method is provided, the method can be produced high-quality pea separation protein and pea molasses, improves production capacity and the added value of product.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: extract the method for pea molasses and pea separation protein in a kind of pea starch factory effluent, comprise the following steps:
1) protein extraction
Farinaceous size is placed in to premixing tank, by the alkali lye prepared, pour into uniformly in premixing tank while stirring, regulate plasm PH value to 11.0-12.4, extract temperature and be controlled at 30-40 ℃, extraction time 30-60min, albumen is fully dissolved, then mixed liquor is delivered to and carries out centrifugally in horizontal screw centrifuge with pump, the isolated solution that is rich in protein injects settling tank;
2) acid is heavy separates
The protein solution that injects settling tank is slowly added to watery hydrochloric acid while stirring, regulate PH to 4.0-4.5, protein is separated out when its isoelectric point, sedimentation time 20-30min, precipitated liquid is separated with the lamination centrifuge, obtain protein-contg primary curd and whey, whey is pumped in the whey neutralizing tank, primary curd pumps in secondary tank;
3) washing separates
Rinse the albumen curd in secondary tank with the clear water of 47-53 ℃, ratio of water to material is (1.5-2): 1, and the mixed serum after washing is separated with the lamination seperator, and the secondary albumen curd that separation is obtained pumps in the albumen neutralizing tank;
4) neutralization
Sig water is injected respectively to whey neutralizing tank and albumen neutralizing tank, the pH value of whey is adjusted to 6.8-7.5, the pH value of secondary curdled milk is adjusted to 6.5-7.0;
5) whey is concentrated
Whey after neutralization is injected vacuum concentration equipment and is concentrated, and makes its water content drop to 45%-55%, and concentrate carries out homogeneous with homogenizer, has formed tan syrupy shape material---pea molasses;
6) flash distillation sterilization
Albumen curd after neutralization pumps in flash tank after high-pressure homogeneous, the flash distillation sterilization, and sterilization temperature is controlled at 110-120 ℃, and sterilizing time is 15-20s;
7) dry sieve powder
Concentrate after the flash distillation sterilization is evenly sent in drying tower and is carried out spray-drying through high-pressure pump, after dried albumen powder sieves, sends into warehouse for finished product and is packed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: extracting method of the present invention can effectively improve purity and the yield of pea separation protein, the waste water that simultaneously will produce after pea separation protein is collected, extracting the pea molasses is used, the waste water that makes to produce after protein isolate is fully used, reduce the wasting of resources, environmental contamination reduction.
The content of the pea separation protein that the present invention produces, more than 90%, has quite high water-retaining property and oil absorption, and gel forming is better than soybean protein isolate, can be used for the additive of the numerous food such as meat products, Flour product, dairy products, functional beverage.The pea molasses of producing are a kind of tan syrupy shape materials, total sugar content is at 50%-60%, can be used as in the feed that energy source and nutrient be added on ruminant and bird, reduce the Feed Manufacturing cost, improve the feed palatability, increase animal feed intake, also can directly be used as food additives, also can be used as the extraction raw material of pea dietary fiber, pea compound sugar etc., larger application prospect is all being arranged aspect food, medicine, light industry.The present invention joins together the production technology of pea separation protein and pea molasses, has advantages of highly efficient and productive, energy-saving and environmental protection.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
Farinaceous size is placed in to premixing tank, while stirring the sig water prepared is poured in premixing tank uniformly, regulate plasm PH value to 11.0, extract temperature and be controlled at 35 ℃, extraction time 30min, fully dissolve albumen.Then mixed liquor is delivered to and carries out centrifugally in horizontal screw centrifuge with pump, the isolated solution that is rich in protein injects settling tank, slowly adds while stirring watery hydrochloric acid, regulates PH to 4.0, protein is separated out, sedimentation time 30min.Precipitated liquid is separated with the lamination centrifuge, obtains whey and protein-contg primary curd.Whey is pumped in the whey neutralizing tank, slowly add while stirring sig water, regulate PH to 6.8, whey after neutralization is injected vacuum concentration equipment and is concentrated, make its water content drop to 45%, concentrate carries out homogeneous with homogenizer, has formed tan syrupy shape material---pea molasses.The albumen primary curd is pumped in secondary tank, rinse the albumen curd in secondary tank with the clear water of 47-53 ℃, ratio of water to material is 1.5:1, mixed serum after washing is separated with the lamination seperator, the secondary albumen curd that separation is obtained pumps in the albumen neutralizing tank, slowly add while stirring sig water, make its pH value be adjusted to 6.8.Albumen curd after neutralization pumps in flash tank after high-pressure homogeneous, the flash distillation sterilization, and 110 ℃ of sterilization temperatures, sterilizing time is 15s.Concentrate after sterilization is evenly sent in drying tower and is carried out spray-drying through high-pressure pump, after dried albumen powder sieves, sends into warehouse for finished product and is packed.
Embodiment 2
Farinaceous size is placed in to premixing tank, while stirring the sig water prepared is poured in premixing tank uniformly, regulate plasm PH value to 11.5, extract temperature and be controlled at 30 ℃, extraction time 60min, fully dissolve albumen.Then mixed liquor is delivered to and carries out centrifugally in horizontal screw centrifuge with pump, the isolated solution that is rich in protein injects settling tank, slowly adds while stirring watery hydrochloric acid, regulates PH to 4.0, protein is separated out, sedimentation time 20min.Precipitated liquid is separated with the lamination centrifuge, obtains whey and protein-contg primary curd.Whey is pumped in the whey neutralizing tank, slowly add while stirring sig water, regulate PH to 7.2, whey after neutralization is injected vacuum concentration equipment and is concentrated, make its water content drop to 47%, concentrate carries out homogeneous with homogenizer, has formed tan syrupy shape material---pea molasses.The albumen primary curd is pumped in secondary tank, rinse the albumen curd in secondary tank with the clear water of 47-53 ℃, ratio of water to material is 1.5:1, mixed serum after washing is separated with the lamination seperator, the secondary albumen curd that separation is obtained pumps in the albumen neutralizing tank, slowly add while stirring sig water, make its pH value be adjusted to 7.0.Albumen curd after neutralization pumps in flash tank after high-pressure homogeneous, the flash distillation sterilization, and 110 ℃ of sterilization temperatures, sterilizing time is 20s.Concentrate after sterilization is evenly sent in drying tower and is carried out spray-drying through high-pressure pump, after dried albumen powder sieves, sends into warehouse for finished product and is packed.
Embodiment 3
Farinaceous size is placed in to premixing tank, while stirring the sig water prepared is poured in premixing tank uniformly, regulate plasm PH value to 12.4, extract temperature and be controlled at 40 ℃, extraction time 40min, fully dissolve albumen.Then mixed liquor is delivered to and carries out centrifugally in horizontal screw centrifuge with pump, the isolated solution that is rich in protein injects settling tank, slowly adds while stirring watery hydrochloric acid, regulates PH to 4.5, protein is separated out, sedimentation time 30min.Precipitated liquid is separated with the lamination centrifuge, obtains whey and protein-contg primary curd.Whey is pumped in the whey neutralizing tank, slowly add while stirring sig water, regulate PH to 7.5, whey after neutralization is injected vacuum concentration equipment and is concentrated, make its water content drop to 55%, concentrate carries out homogeneous with homogenizer, has formed tan syrupy shape material---pea molasses.The albumen primary curd is pumped in secondary tank, rinse the albumen curd in secondary tank with the clear water of 47-53 ℃, ratio of water to material is 2:1, mixed serum after washing is separated with the lamination seperator, the secondary albumen curd that separation is obtained pumps in the albumen neutralizing tank, slowly add while stirring sig water, make its pH value be adjusted to 6.5.Albumen curd after neutralization pumps in flash tank after high-pressure homogeneous, the flash distillation sterilization, and 120 ℃ of sterilization temperatures, sterilizing time is 15s.Concentrate after sterilization is evenly sent in drying tower and is carried out spray-drying through high-pressure pump, after dried albumen powder sieves, sends into warehouse for finished product and is packed.
Test the contrast of 1 pea protein physical and chemical index
Get the pea separation protein that embodiment 1,2,3 extracts, the pea separation protein in following table 1, pea separation protein 2 and pea separation protein 3, carry out physical and chemical composition mensuration, simultaneously, buy pea separation protein and soybean protein isolate on market, measure its physical and chemical composition, result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 pea separation protein physical and chemical composition detects table
As shown in Table 1, the pea separation protein purity that the method is produced is higher, suitable with the high-purity soybean protein isolate purity of selling on market, has very high nutritive value.
Test the functional contrast of 2 pea protein
Get the pea separation protein that embodiment 1,2,3 extracts, be pea separation protein 1, pea separation protein 2 and the pea separation protein 3 in following table, carry out relevant functional assays, with the pea separation protein of buying on market and soybean protein isolate related check Data Comparison, result is as shown in table 2:
The functional detection tables of data of table 2 pea separation protein
As shown in Table 2, the pea separation protein of this explained hereafter is water-soluble higher, in foaming characteristic, and the water suction oil absorption, emulsibility and emulsion stability aspect all are better than soybean protein isolate.
Testing 3 pea molasses physical and chemical indexs detects
Get the pea molasses that embodiment 1,2,3 extracts, carry out the mensuration of relevant component content, contrasted with the corresponding data of soy molasses, result is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 pea molasses detect tables of data
As shown in Table 3, in the pea molasses that method of the present invention is extracted, total sugar content is higher, suitable with the composition of soy molasses, has good market application foreground.
Finally should be noted that; above content is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention; but not limiting the scope of the invention; the simple modification that those of ordinary skill in the art carries out technical scheme of the present invention or be equal to replacement, all do not break away from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.