CN103477754A - Sassafras tsumu seed dormancy breaking and germination accelerating method suitable for Shandong region - Google Patents
Sassafras tsumu seed dormancy breaking and germination accelerating method suitable for Shandong region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Sassafras tsumu seed dormancy breaking and germination accelerating method suitable for the Shandong region, and belongs to the tree planting field. The method is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of seed soaking treatment, oscillation pressure reduction treatment and germination accelerating treatment; and a seed soaking liquid is prepared by adding 0.6g of NaCl, 0.98g of KCl, 0.17g of CaCl2.2H2O, 0.11g of MgCl2.6H2O, 15mg of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, 40mg of gamma-aminobutyric acid and 0.2g of astaxanthin to 1000ml of distilled water to prepare a solution. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of acceleration of the Sassafras tsumu seed germination, improvement of the cold resistance of seedlings, and enhancement of the adaptation of Sassafras tsumu seeds to poor surroundings, so a high germination percentage and a high seedling survival rate can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of trees method for treating seeds, particularly a kind of sassafras seed breaking dormancy germination accelerating method that is applicable to Shandong District.
Background technology
Sassafras is tree-like tall and straight, the tree performance grace, and autumn leaves is red gorgeous, and considerable flower, sight fruit, sight leaf, mainly be distributed in the ground such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan.It is long that the sassafras seed has resting stage, germinate irregular, and 2 ~ 3 years whole unearthed characteristics of germinateing of ability.Seed germination and growth of seedling are the tricky time to adverse circumstance in early days, and resistance is lower.Under natural conditions, the sprouting environmental requirement is higher, and tolerance to cold is general, happiness warm and moist weather.In prior art: sprouting is 2～mid-March, and temperature is 14.0 ~ 20.0 ℃, then at the beginning of late May to 6 month, and final singling when seedling 10～20cm is high.But the same period, the temperature of Shandong District was 5 ~ 14 ℃, well below the Yangtze river basin.But, if be to yield to the sprouting nursery temperature, delay sowing when temperature is suitable to mid-April, when the seedling height of seedling does not also reach 10cm, now enter summer, the high temperature sweltering heat, and with the dry season, air humidity is lower, simultaneously subterranean water level is high, and the soil drainage poor-performing it's the summer easily causes can't past seedling and causes death, even adopt fluffy shady the processing, nursery stock comes through, but poor growth is even stagnated.
Therefore low temperature, seedling disease become the restriction condition that sassafras production Shandong District adaptability is introduced a fine variety, and have limited further developing of sassafras industry.And exist the germination rate of sassafras not high on producing, the irregular key that also becomes the industry development of restriction sassafras of emerging.Therefore study the degeneration-resistant method of sassafras, the plantation of moving northward that is conducive to sassafras is promoted.
Summary of the invention
Technical assignment of the present invention is for above the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of sassafras seed breaking dormancy germination accelerating method that is applicable to Shandong District is provided, can accelerate the sprouting of sassafras seed, improve the cold resistance of seedling, strengthen the adaptation of sassafras seed to poor environment, thereby obtain higher germination rate and survival rate of seedling.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem is: a kind of sassafras seed breaking dormancy germination accelerating method that is applicable to Shandong District, it is characterized in that, and step is as follows:
(1) seed soaking: add seed-soaking liquid, apply described seed-soaking liquid dipping pretreatment seed 2h;
(2) vibration reduced pressure treatment: the sassafras seed that step (1) is obtained is put into the constant temperature clear water water-bath of sealing and is cultivated oscillator, extract the part air out, reduce air pressure, reaching air pressure is 0.06 ~ 0.07Mpa, and starting oscillation is processed, 30 ~ 40 ℃ of oscillation treatment temperature, vibration rotating speed 15 ~ 20r/min, time 0.5h, open air valve and fully take a breath, and keeps concussion 12h;
(3) vernalization is processed: 15 ℃ of clear water of the sassafras seed that step (2) is obtained clean, natural seasoning, and straw is built insulation vernalization, and temperature remains on 20 ℃, and humidity remains on 40%, preserves 5 days; The composition of wherein said seed-soaking liquid and preparation method are: by NaCl 0.6g, KCl 0.98g, CaCl
22H
2o 0.17g, MgCl
26H
2o 0.11g, polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether 15mg, γ-aminobutyric acid 40mg, astaxanthin 0.2g join in 1000ml distilled water and make suspension.
Dormancy is an important stage in life cycle, plant is had to important ecological significance, seed time of " correctly " in favourable habitat sprouts and not only is conducive to seedling survival, and can make species can successfully settle down and keep for a long time its population.The inventor studies discovery, the sassafras seed dormancy phase is long, irregular reason of germinateing is that its part seed still keeps resting state under optimum conditions, with batch seed, can once not sprout fully under what conditions yet, this kind postpone to sprout that phenomenon reduces seed germination by temporal diffusion and seedling builds up the mortality risk in process, keep race's continuity, this is the sprouting countermeasure population extinction avoided, careful occurred in a kind of natural evolution.It is poor and exist on the Germination Inhibitors both direction that the research of prior art mainly concentrates on kind of skin gas permeability: the densification of sassafras kind skin structure, gas permeability, water penetration inequality; Germination Inhibitors, in embryo, is passed and in time gradually by the dissipation of exosmosing of kind of a skin; Planting skin and postponing to sprout role, is the sprouting that has suppressed seed that penetrates by restriction oxygen on the one hand, hinders on the other hand the dissipation of exosmosing of Germination Inhibitors.
And inventor's research finds that the material base of this factor foundation is kind of the otherness of skin physical arrangement, under microscope, the section of sassafras seed skin shows, plants intracutaneous and has many ducts, and agglomerate sample filler is arranged in the part duct.The histologic section statistics, with batch seed with the agglomerate sample filler reflecting point quantity variance of time point large (P<0.05), the passing agglomerate sample filler reflecting point quantity of putting in time with batch seed reduces (P<0.05) gradually, before the monomer kind severe edema due to hypofunction of the spleen soaks with section seal with wax water soaking after 1 hour, section seal with wax the plant ash solution dipping after 1 hour relatively, the histologic section statistics shows filler reflecting point quantity variance not statistically significant (P > 0.05).According to this Basic Experiment Study result, can reason out: in this kind of duct, agglomerate sample filler is to affect the key factor that Germination Inhibitors exosmoses by kind of skin, and causes with not being both of agglomerate sample filler content in batch seed irregular reason of germinateing.
Current universal method is: in 2～mid-March, apply 1 part of boiling water and 1 part of cold water mix sowing time before sowing, the 1h that soaked seed, then build insulation vernalization with straw, temperature remains on 20-30 ℃.Regularly stir and mix thoroughly, add the hot water that drenches 40 ℃ of left and right, the 4-5d seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and should select the seed that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally to sow in mid-February.Seed sprouting through said method vernalization can do sth. in advance the 15d left and right, but high germination rate is still between 60% ~ 80%, preserve 1 year with interior percentage of seedgermination less than 50%.Its reason is, immersion can not change interior agglomerate sample filler content, the seed that only can descend for script agglomerate sample filler content is by soaking, accelerating the former Germination Inhibitors oozed out of kind of skin eliminates, still there are the problems such as seed germination time disunity, percentage of seedgermination are difficult to effectively increase substantially, limited sassafras genetic breeding and production application.
Compared with prior art, sassafras seed breaking dormancy germination accelerating method provided by the invention, for the temperature environment characteristics of Shandong District, adopt seed soaking to coordinate the integrated treatment scheme of vibration decompression vernalization.At first by the seed-soaking liquid rational formula, seed is processed: by the effect of inside and outside ion concentration osmotic pressure, accelerate to exosmose; Infrastest shows with the section polyoxyethylene polyoxy Propanolamine ethereal solution of sealing with wax, to soak after 1 hour relatively before monomer kind skin polyoxyethylene polyoxy Propanolamine ethereal solution soaks, and the histologic section statistics shows that filler reflecting point quantity reduces 23.47%; Astaxanthin contributes to increase the steadiness of kind of skin, and the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid also is to increase the adaptability of kind of skin to polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether.Seed after seed soaking then vibrate the decompression vernalization processing scheme, physical effect by decompression and vibration, open the duct that residual kind intracutaneous is filled without open agglomerate sample filler, the link that simultaneously reduces pressure also can be destroyed agglomerate sample filler physical arrangement, accelerate effluxing of Germination Inhibitors, and make Germination Inhibitors break away from kind of a skin by persistent oscillation; Seed through above-mentioned processing has effectively broken away from the dormancy inhibition, under suitable temperature and illumination, is sprouted.
By above Duplex treatment, experimental result at Shandong District confirms, the inventive method can be brought out a large amount of sproutings of sassafras kind fruit effectively, significantly improve percentage of seedgermination, improve emergence rate, have that the cultivation time is short, germination rate is high, the survival rate high, be significant for the development of sassafras industry.
In addition, this kind of processing scheme for new seed (1 year storage life is with interior seed) effectively, has practical significance for the production cycle that shortens the seed growing of sassafras seedling simultaneously.
Above beneficial effect is experiment institute and confirms, experimental technique and the results are shown in embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
One, test one: for the sassafras seed of storage life at 1 year ~ 2 years.
(1) materials and methods.
1, collect seed: be to gather ripe sassafras seed in August, 2011 from Nanjing.
The acquisition process process adopts following traditional approach: fruit gathers during by the red stain black and blue color, and after Fruit returns, cold water floods immediately, pericarp is removed in stranding, and water washes down, then by the surface of the seed grease, with the plant ash solution dipping, clear water is cleaned and is dried in the shade, and then in the shady and cool indoor sand of ventilating, hides.
2, breeding is sprouted: on March 14th, 2012, in area, Junan, Linyi, begin one's study, and 16 ℃ of temperature day/3 ℃ nights.Seed is divided into to 3 groups at random: blank group, alkali lye processed group, optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group, 100 every group.
2.1 the blank group adopts conventional method:
(1) seed soaking: apply 1 part of boiling water and 1 part of cold water mix, after mixing, temperature is 30 ℃, and 1h is soaked seed;
(2) vernalization is processed: the sassafras seed straw that step (1) is obtained is built insulation vernalization, and temperature remains on 20 ℃, and humidity remains on 40%, preserves 5 days.
2.2 alkali lye processed group:
(1) under stirring in the clear water of seed soaking: 1000ml, add NaHCO
3, make the pH value of this solution be adjusted into 8.2, temperature is 30 ℃, applies this dipping by lye pretreatment seed 2h;
(2) vernalization is processed: 15 ℃ of clear water of the sassafras seed that step (1) is obtained clean, natural seasoning, and straw is built insulation vernalization, and temperature remains on 20 ℃, and humidity remains on 40%, preserves 5 days.
2.3 optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group is embodiment 1 scheme:
(1) seed soaking: add seed-soaking liquid, apply this seed-soaking liquid dipping pretreatment seed 2h;
(2) vibration reduced pressure treatment: the sassafras seed that step (1) is obtained is put into the constant temperature clear water water-bath of sealing and is cultivated oscillator, extract the part air out, reduce air pressure, reaching air pressure is 0.07Mpa, and starting oscillation is processed, 30 ℃ of oscillation treatment temperature, vibration rotating speed 20r/min, time 0.5h, open air valve and fully take a breath, and keeps concussion 12h;
(3) vernalization is processed: 15 ℃ of clear water of the sassafras seed that step (2) is obtained clean, natural seasoning, and straw is built insulation vernalization, and temperature remains on 20 ℃, and humidity remains on 40%, preserves 5 days.
The composition of described seed-soaking liquid and preparation method are: by NaCl 0.6g, KCl 0.98g, CaCl
22H
2o 0.17g, MgCl
26H
2o 0.11g, polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether 15mg, γ-aminobutyric acid 40mg, astaxanthin 0.2g join in 1000ml distilled water and make suspension.
5 days afterwards mensuration respectively organize the seed rate that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the described rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally is germination trend.
3, drilling is germinateed: after above-mentioned each group is processed, the gained seed carries out drilling, and the line-spacing spacing in the rows is 18cm, and every day, trickle kept bed surface water content 35% ~ 40%.
Within 30 days, measure and respectively organize germination rate later, measure the strain number that height of seedling is greater than 10cm after 3 months.
(2) result.
1, the rate that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally: as can be seen from Table 1, optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group (embodiment 1) sassafras seed then shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally rate all apparently higher than blank group and alkali lye control group (P<0.05).
2, germination rate: as can be seen from Table 1,3 different disposal methods have very big-difference to the sassafras impact of percentage of seedgermination then.
2.1 between group, relatively show: alkali lye control group germination rate is higher than the blank group, but difference not statistically significant (P=0.064, X
2=3.421), show to adopt alkaline solution to process and destroy sassafras seed skin structure, can promote it to moisture absorption, but not bring out a large amount of key technology key elements of sprouting of seed.
2.2 relatively show between group: optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group (embodiment 1) germination rate is apparently higher than the alkali lye control group, and difference has obvious statistical significance (P<0.001, X
2=23.390).Its effect link may be: by seed-soaking liquid, destroy before by the Germination Inhibitors oozed out outside the duct of filling without open agglomerate sample filler by kind of intracutaneous in embryo, afterwards by reducing pressure in order to destroy agglomerate sample filler physico chemistry structure, accelerate effluxing of Germination Inhibitors, rear recovery normal pressure and air supply, make seed obtain good oxygen exchange, and make Germination Inhibitors break away from kind of a skin by persistent oscillation; Seed through above-mentioned processing has effectively broken away from the dormancy inhibition, under suitable temperature and illumination, is sprouted.And seed-soaking liquid promotes that the approach of seed germination may be to accelerate to exosmose by the effect of inside and outside ion concentration osmotic pressure; Infrastest shows with the section polyoxyethylene polyoxy Propanolamine ethereal solution of sealing with wax, to soak after 1 hour relatively before monomer kind skin polyoxyethylene polyoxy Propanolamine ethereal solution soaks, and the histologic section statistics shows that filler reflecting point quantity reduces 23.47%; Astaxanthin contributes to increase the steadiness of kind of skin, and the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid also is to increase the adaptability of kind of skin to polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether.
This programme is the optimum optimization scheme, illustrates that the described seed-soaking liquid of sassafras seed application coordinates alkalization vibration decompression double optimization to process, and breaking dormancy suppresses faster, promotes to sprout, and has the advantages that the cultivation time is short, germination rate is high, survival rate is high.
3, drilling after 3 months height of seedling be greater than the 10cm strain and count percentage comparisons: as can be seen from Table 1, optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group (embodiment 1) sassafras then the seed ratio apparently higher than blank group and alkali lye control group, and difference extremely obviously (P<0.001).
Table 1 sassafras new seed is respectively organized the processing scheme result
| Group number | Process | The rate that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally (%) | Germination rate (%) | Height of seedling > 10cm ratio (%) |
| 1 | The blank group | 56 | 49 | 41 |
| 2 | The alkali lye processed group | 67 | 62 | 52 |
| 3 | Optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group | 90 | 91 | 87 |
Two, test two: for the sassafras seed of storage life at 1 year ~ 2 years.
(1) materials and methods.
1, collect seed: be to gather ripe sassafras seed in August, 2011 from Nanjing.
The acquisition process process adopts following traditional approach: fruit gathers during by the red stain black and blue color, and after Fruit returns, cold water floods immediately, pericarp is removed in stranding, and water washes down, then by the surface of the seed grease, with the plant ash solution dipping, clear water is cleaned and is dried in the shade, and then in the shady and cool indoor sand of ventilating, hides.
2, breeding is sprouted: on March 15th, 2013, in area, Junan, Linyi, begin one's study, and 14 ℃ of temperature day/4 ℃ nights.Seed is divided into to 3 groups at random: blank group, alkali lye processed group, optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group, 100 every group.
2.1 the blank group adopts conventional method:
(1) seed soaking: apply 1 part of boiling water and 1 part of cold water mix, after mixing, temperature is 30 ℃, and 1h is soaked seed;
(2) vernalization is processed: the sassafras seed straw that step (1) is obtained is built insulation vernalization, and temperature remains on 20 ℃, and humidity remains on 40%, preserves 5 days.
2.2 alkali lye processed group:
(1) under stirring in the clear water of seed soaking: 1000ml, add NaHCO
3, make the pH value of this solution be adjusted into 8.3, temperature is 30 ℃, applies this dipping by lye pretreatment seed 2h;
(2) vernalization is processed: 15 ℃ of clear water of the sassafras seed that step (1) is obtained clean, natural seasoning, and straw is built insulation vernalization, and temperature remains on 20 ℃, and humidity remains on 40%, preserves 5 days.
2.3 optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group is embodiment 2 schemes:
(1) seed soaking: add seed-soaking liquid, apply this seed-soaking liquid dipping pretreatment seed 2h;
(2) vibration reduced pressure treatment: the sassafras seed that step (1) is obtained is put into the constant temperature clear water water-bath of sealing and is cultivated oscillator, extract the part air out, add nitrogen, reduce air pressure, reaching air pressure is 0.06Mpa, nitrogen content is 85%, and starting oscillation is processed, 40 ℃ of oscillation treatment temperature, vibration rotating speed 15r/min, time 0.5h, open air valve and fully take a breath, and keeps concussion 12h;
(3) vernalization is processed: 15 ℃ of clear water of the sassafras seed that step (2) is obtained clean, natural seasoning, and straw is built insulation vernalization, and temperature remains on 20 ℃, and humidity remains on 40%, preserves 5 days.
The composition of described seed-soaking liquid and preparation method are: by NaCl 0.6g, KCl 0.98g, CaCl
22H
2o 0.17g, MgCl
26H
2o 0.11g, polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether 15mg, γ-aminobutyric acid 40mg, astaxanthin 0.2g join in 1000ml distilled water and make suspension.
5 days afterwards mensuration respectively organize the seed rate that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the described rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally is germination trend.
3, drilling is germinateed: after above-mentioned each group is processed, the gained seed carries out drilling, and the line-spacing spacing in the rows is 18cm, and every day, trickle kept bed surface water content 35% ~ 40%.
Within 30 days, measure and respectively organize germination rate later, measure the strain number that height of seedling is greater than 10cm after 3 months.
(2) result.
1, the rate that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally: as can be seen from Table 2, optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group (embodiment 1) rate that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is apparently higher than blank group and alkali lye control group (P<0.05).
2, germination rate: as can be seen from Table 2,3 different disposal methods have very big-difference to the impact of sassafras percentage of seedgermination.
2.1 between group, relatively show: alkali lye control group germination rate is higher than blank group and alkali lye control group, but difference not statistically significant (P=0.648, X
2=0.209).
2.2 relatively show between group: optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group (embodiment 2) germination rate is higher than the alkali lye processed group, and difference has extremely obviously statistical significance (P<0.001, X
2=12.500).
3, drilling after 3 months height of seedling be greater than the 10cm strain and count percentage comparisons: as can be seen from Table 2, optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group (embodiment 2) is apparently higher than blank group and alkali lye control group, and difference extremely obviously (P<0.001).
Table 2 sassafras year old seeds is respectively organized the processing scheme result
| Group number | Process | The rate that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally (%) | Germination rate (%) | Height of seedling > 10cm ratio (%) |
| 4 | The blank group | 62 | 67 | 59 |
| 5 | The alkali lye processed group | 71 | 70 | 66 |
| 6 | Optimization process+seed-soaking liquid group | 88 | 90 | 89 |
(3) conclusion: related a kind of sassafras seed breaking dormancy germination accelerating method that is applicable to Shandong District in the present invention, can accelerate the sprouting of sassafras seed, improve the cold resistance of seedling, strengthen the adaptation of sassafras seed to poor environment, thereby obtain higher germination rate and survival rate of seedling.
The present invention is simple to operate, standard is unified, be easy to grasp, economic and practical, both has been applicable to a small amount of sassafras seed sample experiment in scientific research, also is applicable to a large amount of sassafras seed treatment in production process.
It should be noted that; particular of the present invention have been described in detail the present invention; for a person skilled in the art, in the situation that do not deviate from various apparent change that the spirit and scope of the present invention carry out it all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a sassafras seed breaking dormancy germination accelerating method that is applicable to Shandong District, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
(1) seed soaking: add seed-soaking liquid, apply described seed-soaking liquid dipping pretreatment seed 2h;
(2) vibration reduced pressure treatment: the sassafras seed that step (1) is obtained is put into the constant temperature clear water water-bath of sealing and is cultivated oscillator, extract the part air out, reduce air pressure, reaching air pressure is 0.06 ~ 0.07Mpa, and starting oscillation is processed, 30 ~ 40 ℃ of oscillation treatment temperature, vibration rotating speed 15 ~ 20r/min, time 0.5h, open air valve and fully take a breath, and keeps concussion 12h;
(3) vernalization is processed: 15 ℃ of clear water of the sassafras seed that step (2) is obtained clean, natural seasoning, and straw is built insulation vernalization, and temperature remains on 20 ℃, and humidity remains on 40%, preserves 5 days;
The composition of wherein said seed-soaking liquid and preparation method are: by NaCl 0.6g, KCl 0.98g, CaCl
22H
2o 0.17g, MgCl
26H
2o 0.11g, polyoxyethylene polyoxy propyl alcohol amidogen ether 15mg, γ-aminobutyric acid 40mg, astaxanthin 0.2g join in 1000ml distilled water and make suspension.
2. the sassafras seed breaking dormancy germination accelerating method that is applicable to Shandong District according to claim 1 is characterized in that described: add nitrogen when step (2) is extracted the part air out, making nitrogen content is 85%.
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| CN108323273A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-07-27 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of formula solution, method and the application of Rapid reversal wild Fructus Momordicae charantiae seed dormancy |
| CN111869362A (en) * | 2020-08-01 | 2020-11-03 | 刘泽洋 | Method for breaking dormancy of hard seeds |
| CN111886961A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-06 | 陕西师范大学 | Application of gamma-aminobutyric acid as dormancy breaking promoter in breaking seed dormancy |
| CN114041388A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-15 | 海南归耘田农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting taro, rice, eggplant and cress |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108323273A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-07-27 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of formula solution, method and the application of Rapid reversal wild Fructus Momordicae charantiae seed dormancy |
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| CN111869362A (en) * | 2020-08-01 | 2020-11-03 | 刘泽洋 | Method for breaking dormancy of hard seeds |
| CN111869362B (en) * | 2020-08-01 | 2022-05-03 | 黑龙江省仓皓农业发展有限公司 | Method for improving seed coat permeability and seed embryo respiration of hard seed |
| CN111886961A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-06 | 陕西师范大学 | Application of gamma-aminobutyric acid as dormancy breaking promoter in breaking seed dormancy |
| CN114041388A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-15 | 海南归耘田农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting taro, rice, eggplant and cress |
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