CN103472342A - Lightning monitoring and early warning method and system - Google Patents
Lightning monitoring and early warning method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103472342A CN103472342A CN2013104528746A CN201310452874A CN103472342A CN 103472342 A CN103472342 A CN 103472342A CN 2013104528746 A CN2013104528746 A CN 2013104528746A CN 201310452874 A CN201310452874 A CN 201310452874A CN 103472342 A CN103472342 A CN 103472342A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lightning monitoring and early warning method and system. The method comprises the steps of S1, detecting atmosphere average electric fields, optical radiation signals, electric field changing signals, magnetic field changing signals and GPS satellite signals of an area to be monitored and conducting signal conditioning and conversion, S2, judging whether the electric field changing amount meets preset triggering conditions or not according to the electric field changing signals, conducting signal collection and storage and executing the step S3 if the electric field changing amount meets the preset triggering conditions, and refreshing and awaiting if the electric field changing amount does not meet the preset triggering conditions, S3, conducting waveform characteristic extraction on the collected optical radiation signals, the collected electric field changing signals and the collected magnetic field changing signals, conducting cloud-to-ground lightning identification and location according to extracted characteristic parameters, and meanwhile storing and displaying the position of lightning in a geographic information system, the lightning time and waveforms of the optical radiation signals, the electric field changing signals and the magnetic field changing signals in the lightning process, and S4, generating early warning results according to cloud-to-ground lightning identification and location results and atmosphere average electric field amplitudes, and giving an warning signal according to the early warning results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to meteorological disaster early warning technology field, be specifically related to a kind of lightning monitoring method for early warning and system.
Background technology
Lightning Disaster is one of the most serious disaster of China, has the characteristics such as large electric current, strong electromagnetic radiation due to it, usually causes the accidents such as forest fire, oil depot blast, power failure, communication failure, damage of facilities, also easily causes casualties.According to conservative estimation, the casualties that China causes because of Lightning Disaster every year reaches thousands of people, direct economic loss surpasses several hundred million units, and the indirect economic loss caused thus and impact are difficult to estimate especially, and Lightning Disaster has fed through to the every aspect of all trades and professions and life.
For the effectively harm of the generation of prevention Lightning Disaster and reduction Lightning Disaster, usually take at present following Lightning Protection: first, the passive mode lightning protection, the extent of injury be subject to when the main lightning protection level by reinforcement equipment, facility, building reduces the thunderbolt generation; The second, the active mode lightning protection, by development lightening detection and monitoring technology, carry out early-warning and predicting, to carry out in advance the protection such as outage, suspension, shielding, prepares; Wherein lightening detection and monitoring technology are the keys of Lightning Disaster forecast.Lightning Warning is a kind of important method in active lightning protection, usually, for important places such as conventional weather service forecast, the early warning of forest lightning fire, Aero-Space guarantee, power system security, building operation, factory, oil depot, tourist attractions, physical culture place, public place of entertainment and mining areas, can significantly reduce the harm of thunder and lightning to human society.
In conventional art, many commercial Lightning Warning systems mainly adopt atmosphere average electric field instrument monitoring atmosphere average electric field, provide the Lightning Warning information of different brackets according to the threshold value of atmosphere average electric field.But, due to the difference of topography and geomorphology, environmental baseline, the condition that thunder cloud discharges over the ground is also different, and atmosphere average electric field value also may change due to the variation of surrounding enviroment (such as: have the object of static electrification to pass through etc.); Therefore, this class judges that by single atmosphere average electric field value there is the shortcoming that accuracy rate is not high, false-alarm easily occurs in the Lightning Warning system of thunderbolt possibility; In addition, due to the limitation of atmosphere average electric field instrument detection range, also there is the short deficiency of time that gives warning in advance.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of lightning monitoring method for early warning and system, for reducing the thunder and lightning false alarm rate, improve the precision that Lightning Warning is ageing and promote the thunder and lightning location.
(2) technical scheme
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of lightning monitoring method for early warning comprises step:
S1. survey atmosphere average electric field, optical radiation signal, electric field change signal, magnetic field variation signal and the gps satellite signal in zone to be monitored and carry out conditioning and the conversion of signal;
S2. judge according to the electric field change signal whether the electric field change amount meets default trigger condition:
If, carry out the collection of signal and store and perform step S3, if not, refresh wait;
S3. optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal collected carried out to the waveform character extraction, and carry out cloud ground according to the characteristic parameter extracted and dodge and differentiate and locate, store simultaneously and show optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal waveform in position, lightning time and the Lightning Process of lightning in Geographic Information System;
S4. dodge according to described cloud ground that discriminating and positioning result and atmosphere average electric field amplitude generate the early warning result and according to the described early warning result signal that gives the alarm.
Preferably, in described step S3, the method for carrying out the sudden strain of a muscle discriminating of cloud ground comprises:
S311. determine the peak of electric field change signal;
S312. extract the characteristic parameter of described peak, if the electric field change signal meets simultaneously:
(a) rising time of 0.5 μ s<10%-90%<15 μ s;
(b) 1.2 times of peak electric field>electric field initial value;
(c) negative edge zero-crossing timing>5 μ s;
(d), for lightning closely, there is corresponding optical radiation signal and change;
Judge that lightning is as Yun Dishan.
Preferably, before described step S311, also comprise: the electric field change signal is carried out to bandpass filtering, get rid of the impact of electrostatic field.
Preferably, in described step S3, the method for carrying out sudden strain of a muscle location, cloud ground comprises:
S321. dodge in discrimination process on cloud ground to obtain and fight back position, the peak value according to the counterattack position calculation optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal that obtain in the counterattack position;
S322. fight back peak values according to two of the magnetic field variation signal of quadrature and carry out scale operation, calculate the position angle of Lightning Return Stroke with respect to monitoring point, the azimuthal blur caused according to the positive and negative counterattack of calculating opposed polarity of electric field change signal;
S323. carry out preliminary Distance Judgment according to the intensity of fighting back the position optical radiation signal:
If optical radiation signal intensity is greater than default threshold value, according to optical radiation signal intensity, determines and fight back distance; Be not more than described default threshold value if fight back optical radiation signal intensity, according to synchronous electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal data, determine the counterattack distance;
Wherein, determine that according to synchronous electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal data fighting back distance comprises:
By the synthetic road magnetic field variation signal of the two-way magnetic field variation signal vector of quadrature;
Near the electric field change signal counterattack position and synthetic magnetic field variation signal are carried out to Fourier transform;
According to fighting back generation moment electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal at the ratio A at first frequency and the specific frequency place in the second frequency scope and the distance B=kB/A of B COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING counterattack channel distance monitoring point, wherein k is correction factor;
S324. according to the latitude and longitude information of the position angle calculated, counterattack distance and monitoring point, obtain the longitude and latitude that cloud ground shwoot is given birth to position; Magnetic field variation signal intensity during according to counterattack and counterattack are apart from Retrieval of Cloud ground lightning intensity of flow.
Preferably, after described step S322, also comprise:
The azimuth angle error of bringing according to calibration factor update the system error.
Preferably, described step S4 further comprises:
Dodge positioning result and atmosphere average electric field amplitude according to cloud ground, be greater than distance threshold and the atmosphere average electric field is less than electric field threshold value if cloud ground shwoot is given birth to position to the monitoring point distance, separately according to cloud ground sudden strain of a muscle positioning result generation early warning result;
If cloud ground shwoot give birth to position to monitoring point apart from being less than distance threshold and atmosphere average electric field amplitude is greater than electric field threshold value, according to atmosphere average electric field amplitude and cloud ground shwoot, give birth to the intensity of position to ratio and the cloud ground lightning stream information judgement thunderstorm of monitoring point distance, and judge the residing thunderstorm stage according to the Time Distribution of the variation of atmosphere average electric field and Yun Dishan, multistage early warning result finally is provided.
The present invention also provides a kind of lightning monitoring early warning system that realizes above-mentioned any one lightning monitoring method for early warning:
A kind of lightning monitoring early warning system comprises: the integrated exploring antenna unit, receiver unit and the Comprehensive Control platform that connect successively;
Described integrated exploring antenna unit, for atmosphere average electric field, optical radiation signal, electric field change signal, magnetic field variation signal and the gps satellite signal of surveying zone to be monitored and be sent to described receiver unit;
Described receiver unit, be sent to described Comprehensive Control platform after being nursed one's health for the signal by receiving;
Described Comprehensive Control platform, the signal received for overall treatment and analysis obtains the early warning result and according to the described early warning result signal that gives the alarm.
Preferably, described integrated exploring antenna unit comprises atmosphere average electric field instrument, light radiation sensor, the fast change sensor of electric field, changes of magnetic field sensor and the gps satellite receiving antenna that is connected to respectively described receiver unit.
Preferably, described receiver unit comprises the atmosphere average electric field receiver be connected with described atmosphere average electric field instrument, the optical signal receiver be connected with described light radiation sensor, the electromagnetic field variation receiver be connected with the fast change sensor of described electric field and changes of magnetic field sensor and the GPS receiver be connected with described gps satellite receiving antenna.
Preferably, described Comprehensive Control platform comprises:
Data acquisition unit, carry out analog to digital conversion for the signal to described receiver unit output; And when meeting trigger condition: the optical radiation signal after Collect conversion, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal also are sent to digital processing element, provide trigger pip for the GPS receiver simultaneously;
Digital processing element, for optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal received carried out to feature extraction, and carry out cloud ground according to the characteristic parameter extracted and dodge discriminating and location, output characteristic parameter and discriminating and positioning result are to measurement and control unit simultaneously;
Measurement and control unit, for managing described digital collection unit and digital processing element; Optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal waveform in storage and position, lightning time and the Lightning Process of demonstration lightning in Geographic Information System; Analyze the trend of thunderstorm activity, and merge atmosphere average electric field data generation early warning result;
The early-warning and predicting unit, for the early warning result according to described measurement and control unit, the alarm signal of exporting corresponding warning level.
(3) beneficial effect
Lightning monitoring method for early warning and system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by atmosphere average electric field, optical radiation signal, electric field change signal, magnetic field variation signal and the gps satellite signal of surveying zone to be monitored, and, after the various signals that arrive in overall treatment and analyzing and testing, obtain the early warning result and according to the early warning result signal that gives the alarm; The lightning monitoring method for early warning that the embodiment of the present invention provides and system have degree of integration high, survey that parameter is many, positioning precision good, the early warning false alarm rate is low, the ageing length of early warning, other synoptic data demands lacked etc. to advantage.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of lightning monitoring early warning system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of lightning monitoring method for early warning in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 11: atmosphere average electric field instrument; 12: light radiation sensor; 13: capacity plate antenna; 14: the quadrature field antenna; The 15:GPS satellite earth antenna; 16: wide-angle lens; 17: the magnet ring upper mounted plate; 18: the magnet ring bottom plate; 21: receiver unit; 31: the shielding bin; 32: protective cover; 33: the system supporting plate; 34: the hollow support bar; 35: base for supporting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.Following examples are only for the present invention is described, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
At first a kind of lightning monitoring early warning system is provided in the present embodiment, and this lightning monitoring early warning system mainly comprises integrated exploring antenna unit, receiver unit and the Comprehensive Control platform connected successively; Integrated exploring antenna unit, for atmosphere average electric field, optical radiation signal, electric field change signal, magnetic field variation signal and the gps satellite signal of surveying zone to be monitored and be sent to receiver unit; Receiver unit, be sent to the Comprehensive Control platform after being nursed one's health for the signal by receiving; The Comprehensive Control platform, the signal received for overall treatment and analysis obtains the early warning result and according to the early warning result signal that gives the alarm.This lightning monitoring early warning system has realized the multifunction of lightening detection system, thereby can provide new test platform for the location early warning of thunder and lightning, the final effect that realizes reducing the thunder and lightning false alarm rate, the raising Lightning Warning is ageing and promotes the precision of thunder and lightning location.Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to the detailed explanation in addition of the various piece of lightning monitoring early warning system in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, atmosphere average electric field instrument 11, light radiation sensor 12, the fast change sensor of electric field, changes of magnetic field sensor and the gps satellite receiving antenna 15 in the integrated exploring antenna unit in the present embodiment is connected to respectively receiver unit 21; Atmosphere average electric field instrument 11 is for monitoring monitoring point atmosphere average electric field on every side, light radiation intensity when light radiation sensor 12 occurs for surveying lightning closely changes, electric field change signal when the fast change sensor of electric field occurs for surveying lightning, magnetic field variation signal when the changes of magnetic field sensor occurs for surveying lightning, gps satellite receiving antenna 15 is for surveying gps satellite signal; And integrated exploring antenna unit is sent to receiver unit 21 by all signals that detect.
Wherein, above-mentioned atmosphere average electric field instrument 11 can adopt traditional field mill formula electric field instrument, also can adopt novel silica-based MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanic System, MEMS (micro electro mechanical system)) micro field sensor; Above-mentioned light radiation sensor 12 can comprise wide-angle lens 16 and light activated element, wide-angle lens 16 is for the Overall Acquisition of the lightning optical radiation signal of realizing the 180 full visuals field of degree, light activated element, for the optical radiation signal received is converted to electric signal, can pass through coupling fiber or direct-coupling between optical lens and light activated element; The fast change sensor of above-mentioned electric field can be capacity plate antenna 13, in the present embodiment, in order to take into account the laying of light radiation sensor 12, the metal plate ring that capacity plate antenna 13 is hollow, the centre position of metal plate ring is used for fixing accommodating light radiation sensor 12; Above-mentioned changes of magnetic field sensor can be quadrature field antenna 14, quadrature field antenna 14 is two and has identical ring sectional area and coil turn and perpendicular annular coaxial coil, and quadrature field antenna 14 is arranged between magnet ring upper mounted plate 17 and magnet ring bottom plate 18; Above-mentioned gps satellite receiving antenna 15 can adopt cone type gps satellite receiving antenna.
Corresponding above-mentioned integrated exploring antenna unit, the receiver unit 21 in the present embodiment further comprises the atmosphere average electric field receiver be connected with atmosphere average electric field instrument 11, for nursing one's health atmosphere average electric field signal; With the direct-connected optical signal receiver of the light activated element in light radiation sensor 12, for the voltage signal that light activated element is obtained, amplify conditioning; The electromagnetic field that is connected with the fast change sensor of electric field and changes of magnetic field sensor changes receiver, for receiving electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal, and carry out integration to the received signal, the processing such as filtering, amplification; The GPS receiver be connected with gps satellite receiving antenna 15 is for the reception & disposal gps satellite signal.
The Comprehensive Control platform is to be industrial data collection and the customized modular instrument platform of automation application; In the present embodiment, the Comprehensive Control platform mainly comprises data acquisition unit, digital processing element, measurement and control unit and early-warning and predicting unit.
Data acquisition unit can be digitizer, for receiving optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal of above-mentioned receiver unit 21 outputs, and the simulating signal received is carried out to analog to digital conversion; When meeting trigger condition: optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal after the collection analog to digital conversion also is sent to digital processing element, and above-mentioned digitizer has the triggering output function, therefore, meanwhile, for the GPS receiver provides trigger pip, thereby obtain triggering moment precise time, stab information.
Digital processing element can be FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array) CPU in circuit module or measurement and control unit, can realize the analysis of digital signal and Fourier are changed etc. to operation, in the present embodiment, its optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal be mainly used in receiving carries out feature extraction, and the characteristic parameter extracted is carried out to analyzing and processing, dodge discriminating and positioning result thereby obtain cloud ground, output characteristic parameter and discriminating and positioning result are to measurement and control unit simultaneously.
Measurement and control unit can be industrial control computer, and gps satellite signal directly is input to measurement and control unit by the GPS receiver, and atmosphere average electric field signal also is directly inputted to measurement and control unit after atmosphere average electric field receiver; In the present embodiment, measurement and control unit is mainly used in administering digital collecting unit and digital processing element, such as the processing parameter of sampling length, sampling rate, triggering mode, activation threshold value, store path, storage mode and the control figure processing unit of digital control instrument, processing mode and way of output etc. as a result; Also for storing and demonstration lightning optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal waveform in the position of Geographic Information System, accurate lightning time and Lightning Process, storage medium is generally disk, if require higher real-time, can adopt disk array, thereby the accurate gps time signal can be to the characteristic parameter of photoelectromagnetic original waveform signal and extraction and locating information and trigger collection the time is stored; Simultaneously, measurement and control unit can also obtain according to positioning result the trend of thunderstorm activity, and merges atmosphere average electric field data, generates the early warning result.
The early-warning and predicting unit, for the early warning result according to measurement and control unit, the alarm signal of exporting corresponding warning level; For example, early-warning and predicting unit in the present embodiment, the main early warning result according to measurement and control unit, drive stereo set and optics alert device, provide the alarm signal that meets corresponding warning level, wherein according to the lifting of Alert Level, sound frequency is accelerated, the volume grow, the optics alarm also corresponding frequency of flashing is accelerated, the light intensity grow.
Impact for fear of the external electromagnetic signal on receiver unit 21, receiver unit 21 can be arranged in shielding bin 31; For example, shielding bin 31 in the present embodiment adopts metal material to make, be used for placing optical signal receiver, electromagnetic field variation receiver, GPS receiver and atmosphere average electric field receiver, the effectively interference of shielding space electromagnetic field, the effect of playing protection simultaneously and supporting.When the GPS receiver is PCI(Personal Computer Interface, the peripheral hardware interconnect standard), PCIe(PCI-Express, pci bus a kind ofly) or PXI(PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation, towards the PCI of instrument system expansion) during the GPS receiver of type, the GPS receiver also can directly be arranged in the Comprehensive Control platform.
Further, integrated exploring antenna unit and shielding bin 31 are arranged in protective cover 32, the effect that protective cover 32 mainly plays protection and supports inner device; The bottom of protective cover 32 is system supporting plate 33, and system supporting plate 33 is connected with an end of hollow support bar 34, and the other end of hollow support bar 34 is connected with base for supporting 35; Hollow support bar 34 and base for supporting 35 all adopt stainless steel material to make, and the hollow structure of hollow support bar 34 is used for by the coaxial cable of signal transmission, and the coaxial cable be connected with receiver unit 21 is connected to the Comprehensive Control platform through hollow support bar 34; Be processed with fixed orifice above base for supporting 35, for setting up while laying (or) time whole system is fixed.
A kind of lightning monitoring method for early warning also is provided in the present embodiment; This lightning monitoring method for early warning mainly comprises the following steps:
S1. survey atmosphere average electric field, optical radiation signal, electric field change signal, magnetic field variation signal and the gps satellite signal in zone to be monitored and carry out conditioning and the conversion of signal, it is the atmosphere average electric field instrument in integrated exploring antenna unit, light radiation sensor, the fast change sensor of electric field, atmosphere average electric field when changes of magnetic field sensor and gps satellite receiving antenna are surveyed respectively the lightning generation, optical radiation signal, the electric field change signal, magnetic field variation signal and gps satellite signal, and the signal detected is sent to receiver unit, optical radiation signal after the receiver unit conditioning, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal directly are sent to data acquisition unit, atmosphere average electric field data are transferred into measurement and control unit and are processed, gps satellite signal directly is sent to measurement and control unit and is processed after by the GPS receiver.
S2. the data acquisition unit in the Comprehensive Control platform judges according to the electric field change signal whether the electric field change amount meets default trigger condition:
If, carry out the collection of signal and store and perform step S3, if not, refresh wait;
S3. the digital processing element in the Comprehensive Control platform carries out the waveform character extraction to optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal collected, and carry out cloud ground according to the characteristic parameter extracted and dodge discriminating and location, export optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal waveform in position, lightning time and the Lightning Process of lightning in Geographic Information System simultaneously; Measurement and control unit can Real-time Collection and is preserved and show optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal waveform in position, lightning time and the Lightning Process of lightning in Geographic Information System of digital processing element output.
In the present embodiment, the method for carrying out the sudden strain of a muscle discriminating of cloud ground in step S3 further comprises:
S311. determine the peak of electric field change signal;
S312. extract the characteristic parameter of peak, if the electric field change signal meets the following conditions simultaneously, judge that lightning is as Yun Dishan:
(a) rising time of 0.5 μ s<10%-90%<15 μ s;
(b) 1.2 times of peak electric field>electric field initial value;
(c) negative edge zero-crossing timing>5 μ s;
(d), for lightning closely, there is corresponding optical radiation signal and change;
Preferably, above-mentioned condition can be:
(a) rising time of 0.8 μ s<10%-90%<10 μ s;
(b) twice of peak electric field>electric field initial value;
(c) negative edge zero-crossing timing>12 μ s;
(d), for lightning closely, there is corresponding optical radiation signal and change;
Wherein, before step S311, can also comprise: the electric field change signal is carried out to bandpass filtering, get rid of the impact of electrostatic field.
In the present embodiment, the method for carrying out sudden strain of a muscle location, cloud ground in step S3 further comprises:
S321. dodge in discrimination process on cloud ground to obtain and fight back position, the peak value according to the counterattack position calculation optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal that obtain in the counterattack position;
S322. fight back peak values according to two of the magnetic field variation signal of quadrature and carry out scale operation, obtain the azimuthal tangent value with respect to monitoring point of Lightning Return Stroke, obtain the position angle of Lightning Return Stroke with respect to monitoring point by arctangent cp cp operation, the azimuthal blur simultaneously caused according to the positive and negative counterattack of calculating opposed polarity of electric field change signal;
Because the quadrature field antenna of detection system is not absolute symmetry, its gain is also definitely consistent, the azimuth angle error that generally need to come the update the system error to bring according to calibration factor; In the present embodiment, its specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Wherein, the number of turn that N is quadrature field antenna coil, S are that area coil, H are magnetic induction density, e
m1and e
m2be respectively the magnitude of voltage that magnetic field antenna detects, k is correction factor.
Get the arc tangent of its ratio,
(the electric field change peak value is less than 0) or
(the electric field change peak value is more than or equal to 0), obtain required position angle.
S323. carry out preliminary Distance Judgment according to the intensity of fighting back the position optical radiation signal:
If optical radiation signal intensity is greater than default threshold value, according to optical radiation signal intensity, determine and fight back distance, fight back distance and be inversely proportional to optical radiation signal intensity, that is:
D(fights back distance)=the K(calibration coefficient)/L(L is optical radiation signal intensity);
Be not more than default threshold value if fight back optical radiation signal intensity, according to synchronous electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal data, determine the counterattack distance; For example:
At first by the synthetic road magnetic field variation signal of the two-way magnetic field variation signal vector of quadrature, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal near the counterattack position are carried out to Fourier transform, according to fighting back generation moment electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal, at 1k-10kHz and the ratio in two frequency ranges of 60k-100kHz (establish two ratios and be respectively A and B), come COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING to fight back the distance of channel distance monitoring point;
Final definite counterattack distance B=kB/A, wherein k is correction factor.
S324. according to the latitude and longitude information of the position angle calculated, counterattack distance and monitoring point, obtain the longitude and latitude that cloud ground shwoot is given birth to position; Magnetic field variation signal intensity during according to counterattack and counterattack, apart from Retrieval of Cloud ground lightning intensity of flow, are exported cloud Return stroke of ground flash strength of current information.
S4. dodge according to cloud ground that discriminating and positioning result and atmosphere average electric field amplitude generate the early warning result and according to the early warning result signal that gives the alarm.
In the present embodiment, step S4 further comprises:
Dodge positioning result and atmosphere average electric field amplitude according to cloud ground, if cloud ground shwoot is given birth to position and (can be regulated according to actual conditions apart from being greater than distance threshold to monitoring point, for example, in the present embodiment, can be 15km) and the atmosphere average electric field be less than electric field threshold value and (can regulate according to actual conditions, for example, in the present embodiment, can be 1kV/m), dodge positioning result according to cloud ground separately and generate the early warning result; The concrete grammar example is as follows:
Analysis-by-synthesis is calculated the overall variation that the cloud ground in the certain hour interval dodges position, moving direction, translational speed and the residing thunderstorm stage of judgement thunderstorm, and calculate the time that arrives monitoring point according to the counterattack range information in positioning result; Simultaneously, the cloud ground lightning stream information provided according to positioning result, the intensity of judgement thunderstorm.Comprehensive information obtained above, provide 2 grades of early warning results apart from the longer aging of monitoring point different distance scope according to the distance of distance monitoring point.For example: 25km<cloud ground shwoot is given birth to positional distance monitoring point<=50km, and thunderstorm moving direction sensing monitoring point, issues 1 grade of alarm; 15km<cloud ground shwoot is given birth to positional distance monitoring point<=25km, and thunderstorm moving direction sensing monitoring point, issues 2 grades of alarms;
If cloud ground shwoot is given birth to position and (can be regulated according to actual conditions apart from being less than distance threshold to monitoring point, for example, in the present embodiment, can be 15km) and atmosphere average electric field amplitude be greater than electric field threshold value and (can regulate according to actual conditions, for example, in the present embodiment, can be 1kV/m), according to atmosphere average electric field amplitude and cloud ground shwoot, give birth to the intensity of position to the ratio in judgement thunderstorm of monitoring point distance, and change the judgement residing thunderstorm stage according to the atmosphere average electric field, multistage early warning result finally is provided.The concrete grammar example is as follows:
If 8km<cloud ground shwoot is given birth to positional distance monitoring point<15km, and 1kV/m<atmosphere average electric field amplitude<2kV/m, issue 3 grades of alarms; If 4km<cloud ground shwoot is given birth to positional distance monitoring point<8km, and 2kV/m<atmosphere average electric field amplitude<5kV/m, indicating Discharge in Thunderstorm (lightning generation threshold condition), issue 4 grades of alarms; If cloud ground shwoot is given birth to positional distance monitoring point<4km, and 5kV/m<atmosphere average electric field amplitude<8kV/m, issue 5 grades of alarms, to the thunderstorm early warning that forms or approach; If cloud ground shwoot is given birth to positional distance monitoring point<4km, and atmosphere average electric field amplitude > 8kV/m, issue 6 grades of alarms; If cloud ground shwoot is given birth to positional distance monitoring point<4km, and atmosphere average electric field amplitude > 10kV/m, issue 7 grades of alarms.
Finally, according to 7 grades of early warning object informations that provide in top step, drive sound equipment and luminaire, with 7 grades of frequencies that increase progressively, carry out alarm.
The integrated detection of optical radiation, electric field change and magnetic field variation signal while providing the lightning monitoring method for early warning at first to pass through atmosphere average electric field, lightning are occurred in the present embodiment, the many reference amounts signal of acquisition thunder and lightning photoelectromagnetic and large average electric field; On this basis, comprehensive utilization optical radiation, electric field change and magnetic field variation signal carry out type judgement and the occurrence positions of lightning to be determined, has reduced interference, has improved accurate positioning; And the positioning result based on obtaining, initial analysis obtains the characteristic informations such as moving direction, speed and intensity of Thundercloud, by the method for extrapolating, can obtain the Lightning Warning result occurred in than distant location; Simultaneously, the threshold value based on positioning result and atmosphere average electric field, can obtain the Lightning Warning result at closer distance place; In sum, the comprehensive judgement of location provided by the invention method for early warning based on atmosphere average electric field and lightning occurrence positions, can improve the early warning accuracy rate, and definite employing of lightning occurrence positions photoelectromagnetic set signalling comprehensive localization method, improved the accuracy of location.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification, therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to protection category of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a lightning monitoring method for early warning, is characterized in that, comprises step:
S1. survey atmosphere average electric field, optical radiation signal, electric field change signal, magnetic field variation signal and the gps satellite signal in zone to be monitored and carry out conditioning and the conversion of signal;
S2. judge according to the electric field change signal whether the electric field change amount meets default trigger condition:
If, carry out the collection of signal and store and perform step S3, if not, refresh wait;
S3. optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal collected carried out to the waveform character extraction, and carry out cloud ground according to the characteristic parameter extracted and dodge and differentiate and locate, store simultaneously and show optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal waveform in position, lightning time and the Lightning Process of lightning in Geographic Information System;
S4. dodge according to described cloud ground that discriminating and positioning result and atmosphere average electric field amplitude generate the early warning result and according to the described early warning result signal that gives the alarm.
2. lightning monitoring method for early warning according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step S3, the method for carrying out the sudden strain of a muscle discriminating of cloud ground comprises:
S311. determine the peak of electric field change signal;
S312. extract the characteristic parameter of described peak, if the electric field change signal meets simultaneously:
(a) rising time of 0.5 μ s<10%-90%<15 μ s;
(b) 1.2 times of peak electric field>electric field initial value;
(c) negative edge zero-crossing timing>5 μ s;
(d), for lightning closely, there is corresponding optical radiation signal and change;
Judge that lightning is as Yun Dishan.
3. lightning monitoring method for early warning according to claim 2, is characterized in that, before described step S311, also comprises: the electric field change signal is carried out to bandpass filtering, get rid of the impact of electrostatic field.
4. according to the described lightning monitoring method for early warning of claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, in described step S3, the method for carrying out sudden strain of a muscle location, cloud ground comprises:
S321. dodge in discrimination process on cloud ground to obtain and fight back position, the peak value according to the counterattack position calculation optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal that obtain in the counterattack position;
S322. fight back peak values according to two of the magnetic field variation signal of quadrature and carry out scale operation, calculate the position angle of Lightning Return Stroke with respect to monitoring point, the azimuthal blur caused according to the positive and negative counterattack of calculating opposed polarity of electric field change signal;
S323. carry out preliminary Distance Judgment according to the intensity of fighting back the position optical radiation signal:
If optical radiation signal intensity is greater than default threshold value, according to optical radiation signal intensity, determines and fight back distance; Be not more than described default threshold value if fight back optical radiation signal intensity, according to synchronous electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal data, determine the counterattack distance;
Wherein, determine that according to synchronous electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal data fighting back distance comprises:
By the synthetic road magnetic field variation signal of the two-way magnetic field variation signal vector of quadrature;
Near the electric field change signal counterattack position and synthetic magnetic field variation signal are carried out to Fourier transform;
According to distance B=kB/A that electric field change signal and synthetic magnetic field variation signal are fought back the channel distance monitoring point in ratio A and the B COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING at first frequency and the specific frequency place in the second frequency scope constantly fight back to occur, wherein k is correction factor;
S324. according to the latitude and longitude information of the position angle calculated, counterattack distance and monitoring point, obtain the longitude and latitude that cloud ground shwoot is given birth to position; Magnetic field variation signal intensity during according to counterattack and counterattack are apart from Retrieval of Cloud ground lightning intensity of flow.
5. lightning monitoring method for early warning according to claim 4, is characterized in that, after described step S322, also comprises:
The azimuth angle error of bringing according to calibration factor update the system error.
6. lightning monitoring method for early warning according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described step S4 further comprises:
Dodge positioning result and atmosphere average electric field amplitude according to cloud ground, be greater than distance threshold and the atmosphere average electric field is less than electric field threshold value if cloud ground shwoot is given birth to position to the monitoring point distance, separately according to cloud ground sudden strain of a muscle positioning result generation early warning result;
If cloud ground shwoot give birth to position to monitoring point apart from being less than distance threshold and atmosphere average electric field amplitude is greater than electric field threshold value, according to atmosphere average electric field amplitude and cloud ground shwoot, give birth to the intensity of position to ratio and the cloud ground lightning stream information judgement thunderstorm of monitoring point distance, and judge the residing thunderstorm stage according to the Time Distribution of the variation of atmosphere average electric field and Yun Dishan, multistage early warning result finally is provided.
7. a lightning monitoring early warning system, is characterized in that, comprising: the integrated exploring antenna unit, receiver unit and the Comprehensive Control platform that connect successively;
Described integrated exploring antenna unit, for atmosphere average electric field, optical radiation signal, electric field change signal, magnetic field variation signal and the gps satellite signal of surveying zone to be monitored and be sent to described receiver unit;
Described receiver unit, be sent to described Comprehensive Control platform after being nursed one's health for the signal by receiving;
Described Comprehensive Control platform, the signal received for overall treatment and analysis obtains the early warning result and according to the described early warning result signal that gives the alarm.
8. lightning monitoring early warning system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described integrated exploring antenna unit comprises atmosphere average electric field instrument, light radiation sensor, the fast change sensor of electric field, changes of magnetic field sensor and the gps satellite receiving antenna that is connected to respectively described receiver unit.
9. the atmosphere average electric field receiver that gas average electric field instrument connects according to Claim 8, the optical signal receiver be connected with described light radiation sensor, the electromagnetic field variation receiver be connected with the fast change sensor of described electric field and changes of magnetic field sensor and the GPS receiver be connected with described gps satellite receiving antenna.
10. according to the described lightning monitoring early warning system of claim 7-9 any one, it is characterized in that, described Comprehensive Control platform comprises:
Data acquisition unit, carry out analog to digital conversion for the signal to described receiver unit output; And when meeting trigger condition: the optical radiation signal after Collect conversion, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal also are sent to digital processing element, provide trigger pip for the GPS receiver simultaneously;
Digital processing element, for optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and the magnetic field variation signal received carried out to feature extraction, and carry out cloud ground according to the characteristic parameter extracted and dodge discriminating and location, output characteristic parameter and discriminating and positioning result are to measurement and control unit simultaneously;
Measurement and control unit, for managing described digital collection unit and digital processing element; Optical radiation signal, electric field change signal and magnetic field variation signal waveform in storage and position, lightning time and the Lightning Process of demonstration lightning in Geographic Information System; Analyze the trend of thunderstorm activity, and merge atmosphere average electric field data generation early warning result;
The early-warning and predicting unit, for the early warning result according to described measurement and control unit, the alarm signal of exporting corresponding warning level.
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