CN103954858B - Airborne antenna lightning effects test macro and method - Google Patents
Airborne antenna lightning effects test macro and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103954858B CN103954858B CN201410146339.2A CN201410146339A CN103954858B CN 103954858 B CN103954858 B CN 103954858B CN 201410146339 A CN201410146339 A CN 201410146339A CN 103954858 B CN103954858 B CN 103954858B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to airborne antenna lightning effects test macro and method of testing, belong to antenna lightning test field, system comprises thunder-strike current generator, pulse voltage current measuring device, spill over rod, tested antenna, aluminium sheet system test casing, shielding cabinet, optical cable transmission system, aluminium sheet system test casing is built with simulation receiver, shielding cabinet is built with photoreceiver, oscillograph, photoreceiver is connected with oscillograph, thunder-strike current generator is connected with spill over rod, spill over rod is connected with tested antenna by copper conductor, tested antenna is placed on aluminium sheet system test casing, the heart yearn of tested antenna is connected with simulation receiver by concentric cable, analog receiver is connected with the earth, pulse voltage current measuring device is for measuring the input of tested antenna and analog receiver, voltage pulse output, current signal also transfers signals in photoreceiver by optical cable transmission system, this security of system is reliable, antijamming capability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna lightning test field, be specifically related to a kind of airborne antenna lightning effects test macro and method.
Background technology
The instantaneous high-current discharge of lightning to be discharge path length be km meter.When the electric charge of some part in air and corresponding electric field intensity just produce lightning even as big as making during air breakdown.Lightning can occur in cloud, between Yun Jian, cloud ground or between cloud and cloud surrounding air.The thunder discharge electric current that nature occurs reaches as high as more than 200kA, if aircraft is just in time hit by thunder and lightning at thunderstorm cloud flying, can cause very serious consequence.Antenna on aircraft is all generally stretch out outside fuselage, is easy to be hit by thunder and lightning.In order to research aircraft antenna hit by thunder and lightning after lightning effects, be necessary to carry out lightning test with thunder and lightning simulator, its effect tested and assessed, for the antenna lightning Protection Design of aircraft provides important data.The method of testing of existing aircraft antenna lightning effects, often adopt cable to connect, powerful thunder-strike current can produce powerful electromagnetic radiation, produces serious interference, even also likely damage measuring system to measurement result.
Summary of the invention
For problem and shortage existing in the test of current airborne antenna lightning effects, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of safe and reliable, airborne antenna lightning effects test macro that antijamming capability is strong and method.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, it is characterized in that: comprise thunder-strike current generator, pulse voltage current measuring device, spill over rod, tested antenna, aluminium sheet system test casing, shielding cabinet, optical cable transmission system, described aluminium sheet system test casing is built with simulation receiver, described shielding cabinet is built with photoreceiver, oscillograph, described photoreceiver is connected with described oscillograph, described thunder-strike current generator is connected with spill over rod, described spill over rod is connected with tested antenna by copper conductor, described tested antenna is placed on aluminium sheet system test casing, the heart yearn of described tested antenna is connected with described simulation receiver by concentric cable, described analog receiver is connected with the earth, described pulse voltage current measuring device is for measuring the input of described tested antenna and analog receiver, voltage pulse output, current signal also passes through described optical cable transmission system by described Signal transmissions in described photoreceiver.
Described airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, it is characterized in that: described thunder-strike current generator comprises high-tension transformer, autotransformer, high voltage silicon rectifier stack, current-limiting resistance, storage capacitor, air control unit, gas switch, wave regulating resistor, described autotransformer is connected with high-tension transformer, described high-tension transformer is connected with high voltage silicon rectifier stack, current-limiting resistance successively, described current-limiting resistance is also connected with storage capacitor, gas switch respectively, described gas switch also with allot resistance and be connected, described gas switch is also connected with air control unit; Power frequency supply voltage raises from 0 by described autotransformer gradually, control described high-tension transformer and further voltage is risen to more than 100KV, the charging of described storage capacitor is given through described high voltage silicon rectifier stack and current-limiting resistance, when voltage is charged to predetermined value, control described gas switch by described air control unit to exit, the electric charge of described storage capacitor through described gas switch and wave regulating resistor to described tested wire electrodischarge.
Described airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, is characterized in that: described wave regulating resistor is made up of copper sulfate solution.
Described airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, it is characterized in that: described spill over rod comprises stainless steel round bar and nylon ball, described stainless steel round bar is connected with nylon ball, described stainless steel round bar is connected with described tested antenna by copper conductor with nylon ball junction, and described copper conductor is the very thin copper conductor that diameter is not more than 0.1mm.
Described airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, is characterized in that: also comprise panel, and described panel is placed on described aluminium sheet system test casing, and described tested antenna is tested casing by described panel and described aluminium sheet system and is connected.
Described airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, it is characterized in that: described pulse voltage current measuring device comprises and has water resistance voltage divider, first optical sender is for measuring the first pulse voltage current measuring device of described tested aerial voltage, there is the first Luo-coil, second optical sender is for measuring the second pulse voltage current measuring device of described tested antenna current, have the second Luo-coil, the 3rd optical sender is for measuring the 3rd pulse voltage current measuring device of described analog receiver common mode current.
Described airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, is characterized in that: described analog receiver is built with load.
Described airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, is characterized in that: described pulse voltage current measuring device comprises and has high-voltage probe, and the 4th optical sender is for measuring the 4th pulse voltage current measuring device of described load voltage.
Described airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, it is characterized in that: also comprise described optical cable transmission system, described optical cable transmission system comprises optical cable, optical fiber waveguides in conjunction, described optical cable passes or penetrates described aluminium sheet system test casing and shielding cabinet by described optical fiber waveguides in conjunction, be connected with described photoreceiver, described shielding cabinet is equipped with power-supply filter and is connected with the earth.
Airborne antenna lightning effects method of testing, is characterized in that: comprise above-mentioned airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, also comprise network analyzer, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) before tested antenna is tested, the bus close with tested antenna by material behavior substitutes tested antenna, airborne antenna lightning effects test macro is tried out, determine oscillograph output waveform Pass Test requirement, and estimate the grade of measuring current, if waveform is undesirable, regulated, until meet the requirements by the copper-bath concentration adjusting wave regulating resistor.
(2) measure the standing-wave ratio (SWR) of tested antenna with network analyzer, take off bus after record standing-wave ratio (SWR) and change tested antenna.
(3) thunder-strike current progressive trial from small to large; During every one-level current testing, point three kinds of situation tests in analog receiver: A. connects 50 Ω loads, B. load short circuits, C. load open circuit; Three kinds of test case all measure input, the voltage pulse output electric current of tested antenna.
(4) after every one-level current testing, all check whether tested antenna has physical damnification, measure the standing-wave ratio (SWR) of tested antenna, measure the whether short circuit of tested antenna loop, open circuit, check that whether load is impaired or the relevant lightning effects phenomenon of change in resistance occurs, and noting down.
(5) increase thunder-strike current test step by step, until occur lightning effects or reach the maximum current of thunder-strike current generator, and write down the current peak of final test.
Airborne antenna lightning effects test macro of the present invention and method compared with prior art, have following beneficial effect:
The present invention's airborne lightning effects test system structure is simple, be convenient to implement, safe and reliable, antijamming capability is strong, adopt optical cable transmission system by export described in pulse voltage current measuring device voltage, current signal transfer to the photoreceiver in shielding cabinet, isolated and impacted lightning current to the impact of follow-up surveying instrument, improved security, and eliminate by the electromagnetic interference (EMI) existing for cable signal transmission, airborne antenna lightning effects method of testing is safe and reliable.
Resistance of alloting in thunder-strike current generator is made up of copper sulfate solution, when study subject impedance change cause lightning waveform undesirable time, can adjust discharge loop impedance by adjustment copper sulfate solution concentration can make thunder-strike current waveform meet the requirements, and adjusts fast very convenient.
Input voltage when adding the tested antenna of thunderbolt is measured, and is equivalent to the residual voltage measuring tested antenna, for the thunderbolt physical characteristics of further researching antenna provides valid data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of airborne antenna lightning effects test macro of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of thunder-strike current generator in airborne antenna lightning effects test macro of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-thunder-strike current generator, 2-water resistance voltage divider, 3-first Luo-coil, 4-spill over rod, 5-nylon ball, 6-copper conductor, the tested antenna of 7-, 8-panel, 9-aluminium sheet system test casing, 10-analog receiver, 11-shielding cabinet, 12-photoreceiver, 13-oscillograph, 14-first optical sender, 15-first optical cable, 16-second optical sender, 17-second optical cable, 18-the 3rd optical sender, 19-the 3rd optical cable, 20-the 4th optical sender, 21-the 4th optical cable, 22-high-voltage probe, 23-load, 24-second Luo-coil, 25-optical fiber waveguides in conjunction, 26-autotransformer, 27-high-tension transformer, 28-high voltage silicon rectifier stack, 29-current-limiting resistance, 30-storage capacitor, 31-gas switch, 32-allots resistance, 33-air control unit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, airborne antenna lightning effects test macro of the present invention, comprise thunder-strike current generator 1, spill over rod 4, tested antenna 7, aluminium sheet system test casing 9, analog receiver 10, shielding cabinet 11, oscillograph 13, pulse voltage current testing device, simulation receiver 10 is arranged in aluminium sheet system test casing 9, shielding cabinet 11 is built with photoreceiver 12, oscillograph 13, photoreceiver 12 is connected with oscillograph 13, thunder-strike current generator 1 is connected with spill over rod 4, spill over rod 4 is connected with tested antenna 7 by copper conductor 6, tested antenna 7 is placed on aluminium sheet system test casing 9, the heart yearn of tested antenna 7 is connected with simulation receiver 10 by concentric cable, analog receiver 10 is connected with the earth, discharge loop is formed to lightning discharge, preferably aluminium sheet system test casing 9 is of a size of 80cm*80cm*50cm, liftoff about 60cm, pulse voltage current measuring device is for measuring the input of tested antenna 7 and analog receiver 10, voltage pulse output, current signal also transfers signals in photoreceiver 12 by optical cable transmission system, the oscillograph 13 be connected with photoreceiver 12 is digital storage oscilloscope, for recording various pulse voltage current waveform and peak value.
Preferably, spill over rod 4 comprises stainless steel round bar and nylon ball 5, stainless steel round bar is connected with nylon ball 5, be arranged on wooden structures to support, stainless steel round bar is connected with tested antenna 7 by copper conductor 6 with nylon ball 5 junction, to produce electric discharge arcing, copper conductor 6 is not more than the very thin copper conductor of 0.1mm for diameter.
Preferably, airborne antenna lightning effects test macro also comprises the panel 8 representing aircraft and arrange, and panel 8 is placed on aluminium sheet system test casing 9, and tested antenna 7 is tested casing 9 by panel 8 with aluminium sheet system and is connected.
Preferably, optical cable transmission system comprises optical cable, optical fiber waveguides in conjunction 25, and optical cable is passed by optical fiber waveguides in conjunction 25 or the aluminium sheet system of penetrating tests casing 9 and shielding cabinet 11, is connected with photoreceiver 12, and shielding cabinet 11 is equipped with power-supply filter and is connected with the earth.
Preferably, analog receiver 10 built with load 23, for assessment of true receivers lightning effects.This load 23 is 50 Ω when being taken as the load of artificial antenna, for assessment of true receivers thunderbolt effect, changing load 23 into 1 Ω, calculating near short circuit electric current by the voltmeter in 1 Ω load when needing measure analog receiver 10 internal short-circuit current.
Preferably, pulse voltage current measuring device in airborne antenna lightning effects test macro comprises and has water resistance voltage divider 2, first optical sender 14 is for measuring the first pulse voltage current measuring device of tested antenna 7 voltage, wherein the injecting voltage being input as tested antenna 7 of water resistance voltage divider 2, exports and is connected with the first optical sender 14.Have the first Luo-coil 3, second optical sender 16 for measuring the second pulse voltage current measuring device of tested antenna 7 electric current, wherein the Injection Current being input as tested antenna 7 of the first Luo-coil 3, exports and is connected with the second optical sender 16.There is the second Luo-coil 24,3rd optical sender 18 is for measuring the 3rd pulse voltage current measuring device of described analog receiver 10 common mode current, wherein the common mode current being input as inflow analog receiver 10 of the second Luo-coil 24, exports and is connected with the 3rd optical sender 18.Have high-voltage probe 22, the 4th optical sender 20 is for the 4th pulse voltage current measuring device of sensing lead 23 voltage, and wherein the voltage be input as in load 23 of high-voltage probe 22, exports and be connected with the 4th optical sender 20.
Preferably, one end of first optical cable 15 is connected with the first optical sender 14, the other end penetrates shielding cabinet 11 by optical fiber waveguides in conjunction 25 and is connected with photoreceiver 12, one end of second optical cable 17 is connected with the second optical sender 16, the other end penetrates shielding cabinet 11 by optical fiber wave-wave conduit 25 and is connected with photoreceiver 12, one end of 3rd optical cable 19 is connected with the 3rd optical sender 18, the other end passes aluminium sheet system test casing 9 by optical fiber waveguides in conjunction 25, and penetrate shielding cabinet 11 by optical fiber waveguides in conjunction 25 and be connected with light-receiving 12, one end of 4th optical cable 21 is connected with the 4th optical sender 20, the other end passes aluminium sheet system test casing 9 by optical fiber waveguides in conjunction 25, and penetrate shielding cabinet 11 by optical fiber waveguides in conjunction 25 and be connected with light-receiving 12, preferably photoreceiver 12 is four road photoreceivers.
Thunder-strike current generator 1 as shown in Figure 2 in airborne antenna lightning effects test macro comprises high-tension transformer 27, autotransformer 26, high voltage silicon rectifier stack 28, current-limiting resistance 29, storage capacitor 30, air control unit 33, gas switch 31, wave regulating resistor 32, autotransformer 26 is connected with high-tension transformer 27, and high-tension transformer 27 is connected with high voltage silicon rectifier stack 28, current-limiting resistance 29 successively, and current-limiting resistance 29 is also connected with storage capacitor 30, gas switch 31 respectively, gas switch 31 also with allot resistance 32 and be connected, gas switch 31 is also connected with air control unit 33; Power frequency supply voltage raises from 0 by autotransformer 26 gradually, control high-tension transformer 27 and further voltage is risen to more than 100KV, charge to storage capacitor 30 through high voltage silicon rectifier stack 28 and current-limiting resistance 29, when voltage is charged to predetermined value, control gas switch 31 (several atmospheric pressure of substituting the bad for the good in advance before charging) by air control unit 33 to exit, the electric charge of storage capacitor 30 discharges to tested antenna 7 through gas switch 31 and wave regulating resistor 32.Preferably, wave regulating resistor 32 is made up of copper sulfate solution.
Airborne antenna lightning effects method of testing, it is characterized in that: comprise above-mentioned airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, also comprise network analyzer, network analyzer is for the standing-wave ratio (SWR) after measuring tested antenna 7 and being struck by lightning, and assess the change of tested antenna 7 performance parameter, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) before tested antenna 7 is tested, the bus close with tested antenna 7 by material behavior substitutes tested antenna 7, airborne antenna lightning effects test macro is tried out, determine oscillograph 13 output waveform Pass Test requirement, and estimate the grade of measuring current, if waveform is undesirable, regulated, until meet the requirements by the copper-bath concentration adjusting wave regulating resistor 32.
(2) measure the standing-wave ratio (SWR) of tested antenna 7 with network analyzer, take off bus after record standing-wave ratio (SWR) and change tested antenna.
(3) thunder-strike current progressive trial from small to large; During every one-level current testing, point three kinds of situation tests in analog receiver 10: A. connects 50 Ω loads, B. load short circuits, C. load open circuit; Three kinds of test case all measure input, the voltage pulse output electric current of tested antenna 7.
(4) after every one-level current testing, all check whether tested antenna 7 has physical damnification, measure the standing-wave ratio (SWR) of tested antenna 7, measure the whether short circuit of tested antenna 7 loop, open circuit, check that whether load 23 is impaired or the relevant lightning effects phenomenon of change in resistance occurs, and noting down.
(5) increase thunder-strike current test step by step, until occur lightning effects or reach the maximum current of thunder-strike current generator 1, and write down the current peak of final test.
Above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, but not is limited; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can modify to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or equivalent replacement is carried out to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention's technical scheme required for protection.
Claims (10)
1. airborne antenna lightning effects test macro, it is characterized in that: comprise thunder-strike current generator, pulse voltage current measuring device, spill over rod, tested antenna, aluminium sheet system test casing, shielding cabinet, optical cable transmission system, described aluminium sheet system test casing is built with simulation receiver, described shielding cabinet is built with photoreceiver, oscillograph, described photoreceiver is connected with described oscillograph, described thunder-strike current generator is connected with spill over rod, described spill over rod is connected with tested antenna by copper conductor, described tested antenna is placed on aluminium sheet system test casing, the heart yearn of described tested antenna is connected with described simulation receiver by concentric cable, described analog receiver is connected with the earth, described pulse voltage current measuring device is for measuring the input of described tested antenna and analog receiver, voltage pulse output, current signal also passes through described optical cable transmission system by described Signal transmissions in described photoreceiver.
2. airborne antenna lightning effects test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thunder-strike current generator comprises high-tension transformer, autotransformer, high voltage silicon rectifier stack, current-limiting resistance, storage capacitor, air control unit, gas switch, wave regulating resistor, described autotransformer is connected with high-tension transformer, described high-tension transformer is connected with high voltage silicon rectifier stack, current-limiting resistance successively, described current-limiting resistance is also connected with storage capacitor, gas switch respectively, described gas switch also with allot resistance and be connected, described gas switch is also connected with air control unit;
Power frequency supply voltage raises from 0 by described autotransformer gradually, control described high-tension transformer and further voltage is risen to more than 100KV, the charging of described storage capacitor is given through described high voltage silicon rectifier stack and current-limiting resistance, when voltage is charged to predetermined value, control described gas switch by described air control unit to exit, the electric charge of described storage capacitor discharges to described tested antenna through described gas switch and wave regulating resistor.
3. airborne antenna lightning effects test macro according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described wave regulating resistor is made up of copper sulfate solution.
4. airborne antenna lightning effects test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spill over rod comprises stainless steel round bar and nylon ball, described stainless steel round bar is connected with nylon ball, described stainless steel round bar is connected with described tested antenna by copper conductor with nylon ball junction, and described copper conductor is the very thin copper conductor that diameter is not more than 0.1mm.
5. airborne antenna lightning effects test macro according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise panel, and described panel is placed on described aluminium sheet system test casing, and described tested antenna is tested casing by described panel and described aluminium sheet system and is connected.
6. airborne antenna lightning effects test macro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pulse voltage current measuring device comprises and has water resistance voltage divider, first optical sender is for measuring the first pulse voltage current measuring device of described tested aerial voltage, there is the first Luo-coil, second optical sender is for measuring the second pulse voltage current measuring device of described tested antenna current, have the second Luo-coil, the 3rd optical sender is for measuring the 3rd pulse voltage current measuring device of described analog receiver common mode current.
7. airborne antenna lightning effects test macro according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described analog receiver is built with load.
8. airborne antenna lightning effects test macro according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described pulse voltage current measuring device comprises and has high-voltage probe, and the 4th optical sender is for measuring the 4th pulse voltage current measuring device of described load voltage.
9. according to the airborne antenna lightning effects test macro one of claim 1-8 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that: also comprise described optical cable transmission system, described optical cable transmission system comprises optical cable, optical fiber waveguides in conjunction, described optical cable passes or penetrates described aluminium sheet system test casing and shielding cabinet by described optical fiber waveguides in conjunction, be connected with described photoreceiver, described shielding cabinet is equipped with power-supply filter and is connected with the earth.
10. airborne antenna lightning effects method of testing, is characterized in that: comprise the airborne antenna lightning effects test macro described in claim 1-8, also comprise network analyzer, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) before tested antenna is tested, the bus close with tested antenna by material behavior substitutes tested antenna, airborne antenna lightning effects test macro is tried out, determine oscillograph output waveform Pass Test requirement, and estimate the grade of measuring current, if waveform is undesirable, regulated, until meet the requirements by the copper-bath concentration adjusting wave regulating resistor;
(2) measure the standing-wave ratio (SWR) of tested antenna with network analyzer, take off bus after record standing-wave ratio (SWR) and change tested antenna;
(3) thunder-strike current progressive trial from small to large; During every one-level current testing, point three kinds of situation tests in analog receiver: A. connects 50 Ω loads, B. load short circuits, C. load open circuit; Three kinds of test case all measure input, the voltage pulse output electric current of tested antenna;
(4) after every one-level current testing, all check whether tested antenna has physical damnification, measure the standing-wave ratio (SWR) of tested antenna, measure the whether short circuit of tested antenna loop, open circuit, check that whether load is impaired or the relevant lightning effects phenomenon of change in resistance occurs, and noting down;
(5) increase thunder-strike current test step by step, until occur lightning effects or reach the maximum current of thunder-strike current generator, and write down the current peak of final test.
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Families Citing this family (4)
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| CN107315136A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-03 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | A kind of aircraft thunder and lightning transient current is distributed test method |
| CN109143140B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2021-01-08 | 北方夜视技术股份有限公司 | Calibration device and calibration method for detection consistency of solar blind ultraviolet imager |
| CN110018376B (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2021-05-28 | 南华大学 | Device and method for testing lightning electromagnetic environment of carbon fiber composite material |
| CN112415466B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-09-02 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司营销服务中心 | Pneumatic shielding cabinet for electric energy meter calibration |
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