CN103467612B - Method for synchronously extracting polysaccharides and proteins from high-temperature peanut meal - Google Patents
Method for synchronously extracting polysaccharides and proteins from high-temperature peanut meal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a method for synchronously extracting polysaccharides and proteins from high-temperature peanut meal. The method for synchronously extracting polysaccharides and proteins from the high-temperature peanut meal comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of raw materials; (2) fat enzymolysis; (3) fiber enzymolysis; (4) water-insoluble polysaccharide conversion; (5) centrifugal separation; (6) soluble polysaccharide extraction; (7) protein extraction. The action conditions of adopted enzymes are mild, fats and celluloses in the high-temperature peanut meal are subjected to enzymolysis by using various different enzymes, and polysaccharides and proteins in the high-temperature peanut meal are extracted, thereby improving the utilization rate of the peanut meal; polysaccharides and proteins obtained by using the method disclosed by the invention are not only high in yield, but also high in purity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method of simultaneous extraction polysaccharide and albumen from hot pressed peanut meal.
Background technology
Hot pressed peanut meal is the Main By product produced in peanut oil and other peanut product course of processing, its source is abundanter, China's peanut meal annual production reaches about 9,000,000 tons, rich in protein in hot pressed peanut meal, reach 50%, Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein almost comprises eight seed amino acids of needed by human, L-glutamic acid, aspartic acid are higher, its nutritive value is close with animal proteinum, its protein content is all higher than crucian, thin pork, egg, and not containing cholesterol, digestibility is high, so there is abundant nutritive value.Compared with the soybean protein that Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein is wider with application, have containing the less advantage of flatulence Summing Factor antinutritional factor; Compared with vegetable seed, cottonseed protein, there is the advantage that contained toxicant is less.In addition the nitrogen solubility index of Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein is high, easily makes an addition in various food, can play the effect of oil recovery enhancement, nutrient-reinforced.
Current hot pressed peanut meal is generally direct as feed, and utility value is low, does not make full use of Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein wherein.The preparation of hot pressed peanut meal albumen, main employing alkali extraction-acid precipitation, although the purity of protein extracted is higher, but in alkaline extraction process, owing to have employed the alkaline solution of higher concentration, there is destruction to amino acid, cause albumen sex change to a certain extent, can produce toxic compounds, the albumen carried is not suitable for eating.Isoelectric precipitation will consume a large amount of acid, and desalting and purifying difficulty is large, and protein extracting ratio is not high.Simultaneously owing to needing when extracting to consume a large amount of alkali and water, wastewater treatment burden is large, is thus difficult to for suitability for industrialized production.Impurities removal method makes by adopting various means, as far as possible various non-protein composition removing, and the final method obtaining high purity protein.The present invention is directed to hot pressed peanut meal nutritive ingredient and form characteristic, adopt impurities removal method, by the method using the non-protein components such as the removal of various biological enzyme fat, carbohydrate, fiber to prepare Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein, for the higher value application of hot pressed peanut meal provides technical support.
In peanut meal, crude protein content is about 40%, and metabolisable energy content exceedes soybean cake dregs, reaches 12.55KJ/g, is the horizontal soprano of available energy in grouts beverage, but Methionin and methionine content deficiency.Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein in peanut meal almost comprises eight seed amino acids of needed by human, belong to adequate proteins, its Glutamic Acid, aspartate content is higher, there is abundant nutritive value, soybean protein is only second in plant protein, but it is but easier than soybean protein absorbs, and the antinutritional factor contained in peanut is more less than soybean, in addition, Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein soluble protein and nitrogen solubility index higher, no matter add in animal food or vegetable food, the quality improving food can be played, the effect of nutrient fortified food nutrition, Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein is to help diabetes, essential hypertension, arteriosclerosis and gastroenteropathy patient get well and all have certain effect.
In China, the exploitation of Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein are started late, most of product of peanut industry is all in the elementary process segment, peanut process deeply industry is very weak, the tradition oil expression method that major part peanut enterprise adopts is mechanical expression method and organic solvent lixiviation process, the denatured peanut meal that such generation is a large amount of, the utilization of this part protein resource is limited by production specifications, domesticly be mainly used in feed or as on the shallow hierarchies such as fermentation food raw material, the denatured defatted peanut dregs of rice to be fully utilized and in deep processing in employing new and high technology, seem comparatively weak, this just makes the tremendous potential of the peanut resource of China can not play in economic benefit and social benefit, although peanut to be carried in oily process after high temperature hot moulding, also there is complicated reaction with other material in protein receptor thermally denature, be difficult to further development and utilization, but be through the effort of scientific worker, China is in extraction and the technology of preparing of Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein and make some progress in utilizing in recent years, the comprehensive utilization carrying out high temperature peanut meal becomes possibility, present China peanut liquefaction industry has the high temperature peanut meal of up to a million tons every year, there is very large opening be worth with research and utilization, its Research Prospects is very wide.Therefore, if hot pressed peanut meal is fully utilized, by protein extraction wherein out, be urgently problem demanding prompt solution.
Relevant paper is had to disclose, a certain proportion of water is added by after the process of peanut meal powder micronizing, then its pH value is regulated with sodium hydroxide solution, keep the pH value of solution constant, react for some time at a certain temperature, stop up under temperature centrifugal, precipitation repeats to extract once, merge supernatant liquor, precipitation discards, its pH value to 4.5 is regulated while stirring with hydrochloric acid soln, leave standstill 20 minutes, under stopping up temperature, centrifugal 30 minutes again, collecting precipitation, with deionized water repetitive scrubbing 23-4 time that pH is above-mentioned value, by a small amount of deionized water dispersion precipitation, and adjust ph to 7, dry peanut protein isolate product.
Above-mentioned method can be summed up as, alkali extraction and acid precipitation, and the shortcoming of the method is, action condition is than stronger.
Document is also had to disclose, get high temperature peanut meal, micronizing process, add a certain proportion of water, use hydrochloric acid soln adjust ph, add a certain amount of prozyme, keep solution ph constant, react for some time at a certain temperature, under stopping up temperature, centrifugal 30 minutes, abandoning supernatant, add in precipitation necessarily compare, certain density ethanolic soln, react for some time under certain temperature, to stop up under temperature centrifugal 30 minutes again, collecting precipitation, by a small amount of deionized water dispersion precipitation, and adjust ph to 7, drying obtains peanut concentrated protein product.
The shortcoming of above method is, its purity of the albumen obtained is not high enough, the non-proteinaceous also containing other in the albumen obtained.
Except albumen, in peanut meal, polysaccharide content is also very abundant, is about many 32%.Polysaccharide is that a class is extensively formed in the bodies of aminal and plant and in microorganism wall, the natural high moleculer eompound be polymerized by more than 10 monosaccharide molecule. be one of the base substance that the activity that sustains life runs well.Polysaccharide as important biologically active substance have immune stimulatory, antitumor, reduce glycolipid, delay senility isoreactivity, have broad application prospects in fields such as health care, food, animal cultivations.
Current hot pressed peanut meal is generally direct as feed, and utility value is low, does not make full use of Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein wherein, polysaccharide.The preparation of albumen, polysaccharide, main employing chemical method, although the sample purity extracted is higher, but in leaching process, owing to have employed the chemical reagent of higher concentration, there is destruction to amino acid, cause the sex change to a certain extent of albumen, polysaccharide, can produce toxic compounds, the albumen carried, polysaccharide are not suitable for eating.Simultaneously owing to needing when extracting to consume a large amount of chemical reagent, wastewater treatment burden is large, is thus difficult to for suitability for industrialized production.The present invention is directed to hot pressed peanut meal nutritive ingredient and form characteristic, adopt biological enzyme simultaneous extraction polysaccharide and albumen from hot moulding peanut is broken, for the higher value application of hot pressed peanut meal provides technical support.
Therefore need to improve above-mentioned method, peanut meal can use by research one to greatest extent, such as simultaneously by method that peanut polysaccharide contained in peanut meal and Semen arachidis hypogaeae protein extract.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of method extracting albumen and polysaccharide from yield and the higher hot pressed peanut meal of purity.
The method that the present invention extracts albumen from hot pressed peanut meal is realized by following technical scheme:
A method for simultaneous extraction polysaccharide and albumen from hot pressed peanut meal, comprises following step:
(1) raw materials pretreatment
Hot pressed peanut meal through micronizing to 800-1000 order;
(2) enzymolysis fat
By the peanut meal after pulverizing, add water mixing, and the part by weight of peanut meal and water is 1:6-10, and adds lipase, the addition 0.2-0.4% of lipase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, adjusts pH 5, after enzymolysis 1.5-2.0h, and the 100-105 DEG C of enzyme 5-10min that goes out;
(3) enzymolysis fiber
The addition 0.6-0.8% of cellulase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH value 5, after enzymolysis 1.5-2.0h, the 100-105 DEG C of enzyme 5-10min that goes out;
(4) water-insoluble polysaccharide conversion
Diastatic addition 0.8-1.0%, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH value 5, after enzymolysis 1.5-2.0h, the 100-105 DEG C of enzyme 5-10min that goes out;
(5) centrifugation
By the peanut meal after enzymolysis, centrifugal 10-20 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, supernatant liquor and precipitation is collected respectively;
(6) extraction of soluble polysaccharide
The supernatant liquid filtering got in step (5) removes slag, the filtrate obtained after filtration is concentrated at 60-70 DEG C, being concentrated into its concentration is 60-70%, concentrated solution adds in 1:4 ratio that 95% alcohol settling leaves standstill 10-16 hour, centrifugal 10-20 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, and collecting precipitation also cleans 2-3 time repeatedly with ethanol, and lyophilize to moisture content is after 4-6%, pulverize at-1-4 DEG C again, obtain soluble polysaccharide;
(7) protein extraction
Get the precipitation of collecting in step (5), add water in precipitation, precipitation and water ratio are 1:6-10, centrifugal 15 min after stirring stirring 30-40min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4500 rpm, abandons supernatant liquor, washes 2-3 time; Pellet frozen being dried to moisture content is after 4-6%, then pulverizes at-1-4 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder;
Above-mentioned enzyme concentration is the weight percent of enzyme and raw material hot pressed peanut meal.
The consumption of lipase is 0.3%; The consumption of cellulase is 0.7%.
Diastatic addition is 0.9%;
Amylase is at least one in Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase, head mold α-amylase.
Lipase is moral row rhizopus equinus lipase.
At least one in cellulase cellobiohydrolase, β-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dextranase.
From hot pressed peanut meal, extract the method for albumen, comprise following step:
(1) raw materials pretreatment
Hot pressed peanut meal through micronizing to 800-1000 order;
(2) enzymolysis fat
By the peanut meal after pulverizing, add water mixing, and the part by weight of peanut meal and water is 1:8, and adds lipase, the addition 0.3% of lipase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, and adjust pH 5, after enzymolysis 1.8h, go out at 100 DEG C enzyme 6min;
(3) enzymolysis fiber
The addition 0.7% of cellulase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 1.6h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(4) water-insoluble polysaccharide conversion
Diastatic addition 0.9%, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 1.6h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(5) centrifugation
By the peanut meal after enzymolysis, centrifugal 15min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, supernatant liquor and precipitation is collected respectively;
(6) extraction of soluble polysaccharide
The supernatant liquid filtering got in step (5) removes slag, the filtrate obtained after filtration is concentrated at 65 DEG C, being concentrated into its concentration is 65%, concentrated solution adds 95% alcohol settling in 1:4 ratio and leaves standstill 12 hours, centrifugal 15 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, and collecting precipitation also cleans 3 times repeatedly with ethanol, and lyophilize to moisture content is after 5%, pulverize at 0 DEG C again, obtain soluble polysaccharide;
(7) protein extraction
Get the middle precipitation of collecting of step (5), add water in precipitation, precipitation and water ratio are 1:8, centrifugal 15 min after stirring 35min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4500 rpm, abandons supernatant liquor, washes 3 times; Pellet frozen being dried to moisture content is after 5%, then pulverizes at 2 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder;
Above-mentioned enzyme concentration is the weight percent of enzyme and peanut meal.
In method of the present invention, first peanut meal is pulverized, adopt the method for micronizing, instead of common grinding mode, because after micronizing, the particle diameter of peanut meal is less, be conducive in follow-up enzyme digestion reaction process, various component contacts with enzyme, makes enzyme better act on each component;
Enzymolysis fat, fiber order are also innovations of the present invention, and due to by after fatty enzymolysis, grease can not be wrapped in outside peanut meal, thus are conducive to various composition and contact with enzyme, thus the efficiency of raising enzymolysis; Therefore, the fatty enzymolysis Mierocrystalline cellulose again of first enzymolysis is conducive to the removal of fat and fiber;
Generally adopt the mode of organic solvent of adding to the treatment process of fat in usual way, although organic solvent is also comparatively thorough to the removal of grease, but the condition of its effect is stronger, and follow-up removal process is also more complicated, also easily causes the environmentally hazardous problem of organic solvent in addition; Organic solvent is adopted to remove its cost of grease in addition also higher;
The present invention adopts enzyme to act on to remain on the grease in peanut meal, and action condition is gentle, and also comparatively thorough to the removal of grease, and there is not the problem that follow-up organic solvent reclaims and bring environmental pollution;
Add cellulase again and the cellulose degradation in peanut meal is generated water-soluble glucose;
Adopt the mesophilicα-diastase of Bacillus subtilus saccharification type to the amylorrhexis in peanut meal, be translated into soluble saccharide, so that extract polysaccharide;
After the polysaccharide enzymolysis of non-solubility is soluble polysaccharide, carbohydrate is soluble in water, then gets supernatant liquor, filters, concentrated, alcohol precipitation, by Polyose extraction wherein out.
The selection of the kind of enzyme of the present invention and the selection of consumption and enzymolysis order is not accidental, but contriver has paid performing creative labour obtains, the adjustment of enzyme and various ratio all can affect the extraction effect of final polysaccharide and albumen, only have adopt the present invention to enzyme and the corresponding proportion of enzyme peanut meal is processed, and carry out according to order of the present invention, just can obtain result of the present invention, enzyme is carried out replace or the replacement of enzyme-added order, all can not get maximum polysaccharide and the extraction yield of albumen.
Freezing and pulverizing principle freezing and pulverizing is " low temperature brittleness " that utilize material under low-temperature condition, and namely material is along with the reduction of temperature, and its hardness and fragility increase, and plasticity and toughness reduce, and at a certain temperature, just can be pulverized by a very little power.Through the material of freezing and pulverizing, its granularity can reach the degree of " superfine ", therefore can produce " superfine food ".
" low temperature brittleness " of material is called that the phenomenon of glass transition is closely-related with a kind of.So-called glass transition refers to that amorphous polymer there will be the change of mechanical property when temperature variation originally, forms rubbery state and vitreous state two kinds of physical conditions; And temperature changing process can produce by the transformation of rubbery state to vitreous state.When rubbery state, the toughness of material is large, and deformability is strong; And when vitreous state, greatly, deformability is very little for material hardness and fragility.In fact glass transition phenomenon and non-polymer institute peculiar, food and agricultural-food there will be Glass Transition equally.But, because the composition complicated structure of food and agricultural-food, so its glass transition is more complex, as multistage Glass Transition and devitrification transition phenomenon may be there is.Usually, we claim material to be second-order transition temperature by rubbery state to temperature required during glassy transition.According to the character of above-mentioned rubbery state and vitreous state, can think that the second-order transition temperature of material correspond to " embrittlement temperature " of material.
Therefore, the freezing and pulverizing principle of food and agricultural-food is exactly: first make low-temperature material be chilled to below second-order transition temperature or embrittlement temperature, then pulverized with pulverizer.In food and agricultural-food fast cooling process, can cause the uneven contraction in inner each position and produce internal stress, under the effect of this stress, internal batch weak part produces tiny crack and causes the bonding force of interior tissue to reduce.Internal fissure is just made to expand rapidly and broken at outside low-force.
Freezing crusher system is in crushing material process, its low-temperature receiver forms a closed circuit circulatory system, the energy is fully used, save energy consumption: the sink temperature pulverized can be down to negative 196 degree, according to the brittleness temperature temperature of material, its temperature adjustable in crushing process, select best pulverizing temperature, reduce energy consumption: smashing fineness can reach 10-700 order, even reach the fineness such as micron μ: use liquid nitrogen as grinding medium, realize pulverizing at ultralow temperature, material explosion-proof, anti-oxidationly wait net effect.
Freezing and pulverizing is applicable to polysaccharide because polysaccharide easily produces bonding, blocking and the problem such as change of properties when ambient ground, and effect and efficiency poor.
Freezing and pulverizing albumen may destroy the higher structure of albumen, thus change physicochemical characteristic and structural performance change (change that generally can relate to prlmary structure of protein), the processing characteristics such as solvability, emulsifying property, whipability, holding oiliness can be improved.
Therefore, adopt the method for freezing and pulverizing to extracting the polysaccharide and albumen pulverizing that obtain in the present invention, the quality maintaining polysaccharide and albumen is unaffected.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, adopt enzyme action condition gentle, adopt various different enzyme by the fat in hot pressed peanut meal, cellulase hydrolysis, from peanut meal, extract polysaccharide and albumen simultaneously, utilize peanut meal to greatest extent, and the polysaccharide adopting method of the present invention to obtain and albumen, its yield and purity high.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, so that those skilled in the art more understands the present invention, but does not therefore limit the present invention.
Following raw material hot pressed peanut meal, adopting Kjeldahl determination to record its protein content is about 49.1%, and the content adopting phend-sulphuric acid to record wherein polysaccharide is about 32.3%.
Following detection method, if no special instructions, all adopts above-mentioned Kjeldahl determination to survey protein content; Phend-sulphuric acid is adopted to survey the content of polysaccharide.
Embodiment 1
(1) raw materials pretreatment
Hot pressed peanut meal is through micronizing to 800-1000 order, and getting 100g hot pressed peanut meal is raw material, and protein content is wherein 46.13 g, and polysaccharide content is 32.33 g;
(2) enzymolysis fat
By the peanut meal after pulverizing, add water mixing, and the part by weight of peanut meal and water is 1:8, and add moral row rhizopus equinus lipase, the addition 0.3% of moral row rhizopus equinus lipase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, and adjust pH 5, after enzymolysis 1.8h, go out at 100 DEG C enzyme 6min;
(3) enzymolysis fiber
The addition 0.7% of cellobiohydrolase enzyme, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 1.6h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(4) water-insoluble polysaccharide conversion
The addition 0.9% of Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 1.6h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(5) centrifugation
By the peanut meal after enzymolysis, centrifugal 15min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, supernatant liquor and precipitation is collected respectively;
(6) extraction of soluble polysaccharide
The supernatant liquid filtering got in step (5) removes slag, the filtrate obtained after filtration is concentrated at 65 DEG C, being concentrated into its concentration is 65%, concentrated solution adds 95% alcohol settling in 1:4 ratio and leaves standstill 12 hours, centrifugal 15 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, and collecting precipitation also cleans 3 times repeatedly with ethanol, and lyophilize to moisture content is after 5%, pulverize at 0 DEG C again, obtain soluble polysaccharide;
(7) protein extraction
Get the middle precipitation of collecting of step (5), add water in precipitation, precipitation and water ratio are 1:8, centrifugal 15 min after stirring 35min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4500 rpm, abandons supernatant liquor, washes 3 times; Pellet frozen being dried to moisture content is after 5%, then pulverizes at 2 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder;
Above-mentioned enzyme concentration is the weight percent of enzyme and raw material hot pressed peanut meal.
The content measuring albumen in the peanut protein powder of gained is 98.5%;
The quality obtaining peanut protein powder by weighing is 47.4 g;
Protein extracting ratio is 47.4 × 98.5% ÷ 49.1 × 100%=95.08%;
The content adopting phend-sulphuric acid to record sugar in the polysaccharide of gained is 94.9%, and weigh to obtain 31.2g;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 31.2 × 94.9 ÷ 32.3=91.67%.
Comparative example 1: be with the difference in above embodiment 1, the order of extraction is changed into: (1) raw materials pretreatment; (2) enzymolysis fiber; (3) enzymolysis fat; (4) water-insoluble saccharide converted; (5) centrifugation; (6) extraction of soluble polysaccharide; (7) protein extraction; The parameter of above step is identical with embodiment 1, but the sequence of steps of process is different, to the first enzymolysis fiber of peanut meal, then enzymolysis fat;
The extraction yield recording its albumen is: 90.12%;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 88.43%;
Comparative example 2: be with the difference in above embodiment 1, the add-on of moral row rhizopus equinus lipase is 0.1%, and the add-on of cellobiohydrolase is 0.5%, Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase 0.7%; Adopt the content in the albumen of Kjeldahl nitrogen determination gained, the content of the albumen of gained wherein albumen is 90.1%, and by weighing, the gross weight of the albumen obtained is 39.6 grams;
The extraction yield recording its albumen is: 89.07%;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 87.24%.
Comparative example 3: be with the difference in above embodiment 1, the add-on of moral row rhizopus equinus lipase is 0.5%, and the add-on of cellobiohydrolase is 0.9%, Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase 1.1%;
The extraction yield recording its albumen is: 88.65%;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 87.92%.
As can be seen from above-mentioned comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, change the consumption of enzyme, affect larger on the purity of albumen and the yield of albumen.
The add-on not being various enzyme is higher, and the yield of polysaccharide and albumen is also higher, and when the add-on of enzyme exceedes certain scope, yield and the purity of albumen reduce on the contrary; Meaning of the present invention is, seeks the best use of condition of various enzyme and optimum enzyme.
Comparative example 4: be with the difference in above embodiment 1, Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase is replaced with Amylase EC, its add-on is identical with Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase, remaining condition is also identical, only change diastatic kind, the content of the albumen that result records gained wherein albumen is 91.3%
The extraction yield recording its albumen is: 86.37%;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 86.83%.
Embodiment 2
Be with the difference of embodiment 1, in the present embodiment, the amylase of employing is head mold α-amylase, and its add-on is also identical with the diastatic add-on in embodiment 1, and all the other conditions are identical,
The extraction yield recording its albumen is: 95.13%;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 91.83%.
Embodiment 3
Be with the difference of embodiment 1, in the present embodiment, the cellulase of employing is β-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dextranase, and its add-on is also identical with the add-on of the cellulase in embodiment 1, and all the other conditions are identical;
The extraction yield recording its albumen is: 95.37%;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 91.26%.
Embodiment 4
(1) raw materials pretreatment
Hot pressed peanut meal is through micronizing to 800-1000 order, and getting 100g hot pressed peanut meal is raw material, and protein content is wherein 46.13 g, and polysaccharide content is 32.33 g;
(2) enzymolysis fat
By the peanut meal after pulverizing, add water mixing, and the part by weight of peanut meal and water is 1:6, and add moral row rhizopus equinus lipase, the addition 0.2% of moral row rhizopus equinus lipase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, and adjust pH 5, after enzymolysis 1.5h, go out at 100 DEG C enzyme 6min;
(3) enzymolysis fiber
The addition 0.6% of cellobiohydrolase enzyme, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 1.5h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(4) water-insoluble polysaccharide conversion
The addition 0.8% of Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 1.5h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(5) centrifugation
By the peanut meal after enzymolysis, centrifugal 15min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, supernatant liquor and precipitation is collected respectively;
(6) extraction of soluble polysaccharide
The supernatant liquid filtering got in step (5) removes slag, the filtrate obtained after filtration is concentrated at 65 DEG C, being concentrated into its concentration is 65%, concentrated solution adds 95% alcohol settling in 1:4 ratio and leaves standstill 12 hours, centrifugal 15 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, and collecting precipitation also cleans 3 times repeatedly with ethanol, and lyophilize to moisture content is after 5%, pulverize at 0 DEG C again, obtain soluble polysaccharide;
(7) protein extraction
Get the middle precipitation of collecting of step (5), add water in precipitation, precipitation and water ratio are 1:8, centrifugal 15 min after stirring 35min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4500 rpm, abandons supernatant liquor, washes 3 times; Pellet frozen being dried to moisture content is after 5%, then pulverizes at 2 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder;
Above-mentioned enzyme concentration is the weight percent of enzyme and raw material hot pressed peanut meal.
The extraction yield recording its albumen is: 95.16.37%;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 90.98%.
Embodiment 5
(1) raw materials pretreatment
Hot pressed peanut meal is through micronizing to 800-1000 order, and getting 100g hot pressed peanut meal is raw material, and protein content is wherein 46.13 g, and polysaccharide content is 32.33 g;
(2) enzymolysis fat
By the peanut meal after pulverizing, add water mixing, and the part by weight of peanut meal and water is 1:10, and add moral row rhizopus equinus lipase, the addition 0.4% of moral row rhizopus equinus lipase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, and adjust pH 5, after enzymolysis 2h, go out at 100 DEG C enzyme 6min;
(3) enzymolysis fiber
The addition 0.8% of cellobiohydrolase enzyme, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 2h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(4) water-insoluble polysaccharide conversion
The addition 1.0% of Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 2h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(5) centrifugation
By the peanut meal after enzymolysis, centrifugal 15min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, supernatant liquor and precipitation is collected respectively;
(6) extraction of soluble polysaccharide
The supernatant liquid filtering got in step (5) removes slag, the filtrate obtained after filtration is concentrated at 65 DEG C, being concentrated into its concentration is 65%, concentrated solution adds 95% alcohol settling in 1:4 ratio and leaves standstill 12 hours, centrifugal 15 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, and collecting precipitation also cleans 3 times repeatedly with ethanol, and lyophilize to moisture content is after 5%, pulverize at 0 DEG C again, obtain soluble polysaccharide;
(7) protein extraction
Get the middle precipitation of collecting of step (5), add water in precipitation, precipitation and water ratio are 1:8, centrifugal 15 min after stirring 35min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4500 rpm, abandons supernatant liquor, washes 3 times; Pellet frozen being dried to moisture content is after 5%, then pulverizes at 2 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder;
Above-mentioned enzyme concentration is the weight percent of enzyme and raw material hot pressed peanut meal.
The extraction yield recording its albumen is: 95.39%;
The extraction yield of polysaccharide is: 90.86 %.
Claims (4)
1. the method for simultaneous extraction polysaccharide and albumen from hot pressed peanut meal, comprises following step:
(1) raw materials pretreatment
Hot pressed peanut meal through micronizing to 800-1000 order;
(2) enzymolysis fat
By the peanut meal after pulverizing, add water mixing, and the part by weight of peanut meal and water is 1:6-10, and adds lipase, the addition 0.2-0.4% of lipase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, adjusts pH to 5, after enzymolysis 1.5-2.0h, and the 100-105 DEG C of enzyme 5-10min that goes out;
(3) enzymolysis fiber
The addition 0.6-0.8% of cellulase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH value 5, after enzymolysis 1.5-2.0h, the 100-105 DEG C of enzyme 5-10min that goes out;
(4) water-insoluble polysaccharide conversion
Diastatic addition 0.8-1.0%, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH value 5, after enzymolysis 1.5-2.0h, the 100-105 DEG C of enzyme 5-10min that goes out;
(5) centrifugation
By the peanut meal after enzymolysis, centrifugal 10-20 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, supernatant liquor and precipitation is collected respectively;
(6) extraction of soluble polysaccharide
The supernatant liquid filtering got in step (5) removes slag, the filtrate obtained after filtration is concentrated at 60-70 DEG C, being concentrated into its concentration is 60-70%, concentrated solution adds in 1:4 ratio that 95% alcohol settling leaves standstill 10-16 hour, centrifugal 10-20 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, and collecting precipitation also cleans 2-3 time repeatedly with ethanol, and lyophilize to moisture content is after 4-6%, pulverize at-1-4 DEG C again, obtain soluble polysaccharide;
(7) protein extraction
Get the precipitation of collecting in step (5), add water in precipitation, precipitation and water ratio are 1:6-10, centrifugal 15 min after stirring stirring 30-40min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4500 rpm, abandons supernatant liquor, washes 2-3 time; Pellet frozen being dried to moisture content is after 4-6%, then pulverizes at-1-4 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder;
Above-mentioned enzyme concentration is the weight percent of enzyme and raw material hot pressed peanut meal;
The consumption of described lipase is 0.3%;
The consumption of described cellulase is 0.7%;
Described diastatic addition is 0.9%;
Described amylase is at least one in Bacillus subtilus saccharification type mesophilicα-diastase, head mold α-amylase.
2. from hot pressed peanut meal, extract the method for albumen as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lipase is moral row rhizopus equinus lipase.
3. from hot pressed peanut meal, extract the method for albumen as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, at least one in described cellulase cellobiohydrolase, β-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dextranase.
4. the method extracting albumen from hot pressed peanut meal according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described method comprises following step:
(1) raw materials pretreatment
Hot pressed peanut meal through micronizing to 800-1000 order;
(2) enzymolysis fat
By the peanut meal after pulverizing, add water mixing, and the part by weight of peanut meal and water is 1:8, and adds lipase, the addition 0.3% of lipase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, and adjust pH to 5, after enzymolysis 1.8h, go out at 100 DEG C enzyme 6min;
(3) enzymolysis fiber
The addition 0.7% of cellulase, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 1.6h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(4) water-insoluble polysaccharide conversion
Diastatic addition 0.9%, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH5, after enzymolysis 1.6h, 100 DEG C of enzyme 8min that go out;
(5) centrifugation
By the peanut meal after enzymolysis, centrifugal 15min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, supernatant liquor and precipitation is collected respectively;
(6) extraction of soluble polysaccharide
The supernatant liquid filtering got in step (5) removes slag, the filtrate obtained after filtration is concentrated at 65 DEG C, being concentrated into its concentration is 65%, concentrated solution adds 95% alcohol settling in 1:4 ratio and leaves standstill 12 hours, centrifugal 15 min, centrifugal rotational speed is 4500 rpm, and collecting precipitation also cleans 3 times repeatedly with ethanol, and lyophilize to moisture content is after 5%, pulverize at 0 DEG C again, obtain soluble polysaccharide;
(7) protein extraction
Get the middle precipitation of collecting of step (5), add water in precipitation, precipitation and water ratio are 1:8, centrifugal 15 min after stirring 35min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4500 rpm, abandons supernatant liquor, washes 3 times; Pellet frozen being dried to moisture content is after 5%, then pulverizes at 2 DEG C, obtains peanut protein powder;
Above-mentioned enzyme concentration is the weight percent of enzyme and peanut meal.
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