Background technology
Heavy metal contaminants is that the class produced in human being's production and social development process endangers extremely serious pollutent.Heavy metal contaminants generally has potential hazard.They are different from organic pollutant, and the microorganism in environment is difficult to make it to decompose eliminate (Degradation), and through food chain by enrichment, concentration strengthens step by step; And the mankind are in the terminal of food chain, by food or drinking-water, toxic heavy metal is taken in body; Put aside in human body, cause chronic poisoning; Particularly part heavy metal contaminants and organism form compound, and its toxicity is multiplied.
Heavy metal contaminants in waste water is the main source worked the mischief to the mankind and environment, and the heavy metal contaminants in soil also major part comes from sewage irrigation.And the treatment process of current heavy metal waste water mainly contains chemical precipitation method, biological process, and physico-chemical processes.But main adopt or chemical precipitation method, chemical precipitation method, mainly through adding chemical agent in waste water, makes heavy metal contaminants and chemical agent react and generates throw out, take out heavy metal by precipitating action from waste water; This treatment process technical maturity, application is very extensive, to a certain extent can removal heavy metal pollutent.But also there is certain deficiency in this method, is mainly reflected in consumption of chemical agent many; Adding of agent operating process loaded down with trivial details (heavy metal contaminants of different nature needs to add different chemical agents, and in order to ensure that treatment effect generally all adopts staging treating); And chemical reaction to pharmaceutical quantities to add control overflow high, high to operational administrative level requirement; In addition, due to chemical reaction restriction, part heavy metal contaminants is difficult to reach up-to-date emission standard; And chemical agent to add the quantity of slag causing producing in a large number large, the difficult problem that the needs that its final process is disposed becomes new solve.
In recent years, along with the development of power industry, electric flocculation treatment technology progressively obtains greatly developing application.Electricity flocculation treatment technology is by sacrificial anode, produces high volence metal ion, and under electric field action, hydrolysis forms tiny flocculation agent, is cured stable with heavy metal contaminants effect, eventually through precipitation removal heavy metal.It is good that electricity flocculation treatment technology possesses treatment effect for heavy metal containing wastewater treatment, and can process various heavy pollutent, and the consumption of chemical agent greatly reduces, sludge quantity is little simultaneously.Electricity flocculation treatment device structure is simple, and operate simple and easy, therefore application prospect is extensive.
Electrolyzer is one of key of electric flocculation treatment technology, and the excellence of cell construction has very great impact to electric flocculation treatment effect.And major part research at present focuses on the control of electrode and reaction conditions, few to the research of reactive tank composition optimizes, cause most of cell body structure simple, limit treatment effect to a certain extent.
The electrolyzer generally applied at present is broadly divided into flow lifting type, tumble type and deflector type, and wherein flow lifting type electrolytic reaction groove is bottom water inlet, top water outlet, and waste water flows through pole plate gap from bottom to top successively and processes; Tumble type electrolyzer is combined by two flow lifting type electrolyzers, waste water in electrolyzer fluidised form for seethe up and down; In deflector type electrolyzer, wastewater streams is to being horizontal flow, makes waste water carry out baffling between pole plate by dividing plate.But heavy metal ion is fast with waste water flowing transport speed in current cell construction, device processes needs the longer residence time and higher electric current.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of two-way electric field electrolysis reactive tank of deflector type being applicable to heavy metal containing wastewater treatment, can realize being separated of hydraulic detention time and the heavy metal ion residence time, can effectively improve electric flocculation treatment effect.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
The reactive tank inner chamber of described deflector type electrolytic reaction groove is furnished with some pieces of electrolytic pole boards from front to back; Described reactive tank inner chamber two side is provided with the inertia pole plate vertical with electrolytic pole board, has gap between inertia pole plate and electrolytic pole board; Described reactive tank inner chamber is divided into front reaction chamber, intermediate reaction chamber and rear end reaction chamber by dividing plate; Side, described front reaction chamber is communicated with water-in, and the bottom of front reaction chamber opposite side is communicated with side, intermediate reaction chamber; The bottom of described intermediate reaction chamber opposite side is communicated with reaction chamber side, rear end; The bottom of described rear end reaction chamber opposite side is communicated with water outlet.
Preferably, the connectivity part in described front reaction chamber and intermediate reaction chamber, and the connectivity part of intermediate reaction chamber and rear end reaction chamber is equipped with stirring aeration tube.
Preferably, described front reaction chamber is communicated with intermediate reaction chamber by A connection ditch; Described intermediate reaction chamber is communicated with ditch by B and is communicated with rear end reaction chamber; Described stirring aeration tube is arranged on A connection ditch and is communicated with in ditch with B.
Preferably, the gap between described inertia pole plate and electrolytic pole board is 1 ~ 2cm.
Preferably, the width of described reactive tank inner chamber is 0.5 ~ 0.7m.
Preferably, described reactive tank intracavity bottom is provided with electrolytic pole board mounting base; Reactive tank inner cavity top is provided with electrolytic pole board fixed link, and this electrolytic pole board fixed link is formed by insulating material, is movable installation.
Preferably, the aeration tube through dividing plate is provided with below described electrolytic pole board.
Preferably, described some pieces of electrolytic pole boards spacing is each other 1 ~ 3cm.In addition, described some pieces of electrolytic pole boards can be that simple iron pole plate is arranged, also can be that simple aluminum substrate is arranged, can also be the mixed-arrangement of iron pole plate and aluminum substrate.
Preferably, described inertia pole plate is mesh electrode or solid panel electrode, and inertia pole plate is do not consume under electric field action, and the material composition that conductivity is excellent.
Above-mentioned aeration tube and aeration agitation pipe are bottom perforated pipe.
Below in conjunction with principle of design and working process, the invention will be further described:
Electrolytic pole board and inertia pole plate are arranged vertically by the present invention (electrolytic pole board is arranged from reactive tank front end successively to rear end, and inertia pole plate is then arranged on reactive tank inner chamber two side).Electrolytic pole board is solubility electrode, is the groundwork electrode of electrolytic reaction groove, plays electrolytic flocculation effect; The Main Function of inertia pole plate is formed to be parallel to current and the contrary electric field in direction in electrolytic reaction groove, can slow down the travelling speed of heavy metal ion with current, extend the treatment time under electric field action; Electrolyzer is connected work with two power supplys respectively, and the power supply be connected with electrolytic pole board is the direct supply of high electric current, and what be connected with inertia pole plate is high-voltage dc power supply; In reactive tank, form two-way electric field by two kinds of pole plates, respectively vertically, be parallel to water (flow) direction.Inertia pole plate does not directly contact with electrolytic pole board, and gap is between the two 1 ~ 2cm.In order to realize the function of two electric field preferably, the width of reactive tank inner chamber is set to 0.5 ~ 0.7m by the present invention, if need the waste water of the larger equivalent of process, can increase the length of reactive tank, and keep its width constant during design.
Three reaction chambers before, during and after reactive tank of the present invention is provided with, three reaction chambers are separated by dividing plate, and the side in front reaction chamber is communicated with water-in, and the bottom of its opposite side is then communicated with side, intermediate reaction chamber; Then be communicated with reaction chamber side, rear end bottom the opposite side in intermediate reaction chamber, be communicated with water outlet bottom the opposite side of rear end reaction chamber.After such design, the water (flow) direction in front reaction chamber is contrary with the direction of current in intermediate reaction chamber, and the water (flow) direction in intermediate reaction chamber is then contrary with the water (flow) direction of rear end reaction chamber; That is, waste water come in from water-in after baffling flow through each reaction chamber.
Improve as one, the connectivity part of the present invention also between each reaction chamber is provided with stirring aeration tube, and its Main Function carries out aeration stirring, and the flco produced in control electrolytic flocculation process deposits and causes connected entrance to block in ditch.
Detailed process during reactive tank work is as follows:
Waste water enters front reaction chamber from the water-in of reaction chamber side, front end, level flows through electrolytic pole board gap, preliminary electrolysis process is carried out under the effect of two-way electric field, flow into intermediate reaction chamber by the bottom of front reaction chamber opposite side to be further processed, final electrolysis treatment is carried out subsequently by inflow rear end, the bottom reaction chamber of intermediate reaction chamber opposite side, after being disposed, flow out from the water outlet of rear end reaction chamber opposite side; Wherein in front reaction chamber, water (flow) direction is contrary with the water (flow) direction in intermediate reaction chamber, and intermediate reaction chamber water (flow) direction is contrary with the water (flow) direction in the reaction chamber of rear end, and waste water forms baffling mode in electrolyzer.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) define two-way electric field, improve electrolytic flocculation micro-floccule reactive behavior to a certain extent, enhance electrolytic flocculation process, the treatment effect of cell body can be improved.
(2) electric field contrary with water (flow) direction is defined, the travelling speed that heavy metal ion (nominal price) flows with waste water can be slowed down to a certain extent, hydraulic detention time was separated with the residence time of heavy metal ion in electrolyzer, improve the residence time of heavy metal ion, be conducive to the process of electrolyzer heavy metal ion, can treatment effect be improved.While guarantee treatment effect, also can flow velocity in raising equipment, improve the processing power of single devices or reduce equipment volume (when ensureing that processing power is constant).
(3) define deflector type electrolytic reaction cell body, extend the waste water waterpower flow process in electrolyzer, be conducive to electrolytic reaction process heavy metal wastewater thereby, and deflector type electrolytic reaction trough body structure is compact, floor space is little.
The maximum feature of deflector type electrolytic reaction groove of the present invention is also that innovative point is: by inertia pole plate, is provided with an electric field being parallel in water (flow) direction, and heavy metal ion is subject to tractive force and contrary with water (flow) direction under electric field action; Thus reduce the travelling speed of heavy metal ion with current; Achieve hydraulic detention time and the heavy metal ion residence time; Improve treatment effect.
In a word, the present invention, according to the feature of heavy metal wastewater thereby, provides a kind of electrolytic reaction groove of structure excellence, can realize being separated of hydraulic detention time and the heavy metal ion residence time, be conducive to the treatment effect improving electric flocculence heavy metal waste water.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the reactive tank inner chamber of described deflector type electrolytic reaction groove is furnished with some pieces of electrolytic pole boards 3 from front to back; Described reactive tank inner chamber two side is provided with the inertia pole plate 7 vertical with electrolytic pole board 3, has gap between inertia pole plate 7 and electrolytic pole board 3; Described reactive tank inner chamber is divided into front reaction chamber 1, intermediate reaction chamber 10 and rear end reaction chamber 11 by dividing plate 14; Side, described front reaction chamber 1 is communicated with water-in 6, and the bottom of front reaction chamber 1 opposite side is communicated with side, intermediate reaction chamber 10; The bottom of described intermediate reaction chamber 10 opposite side is communicated with rear end reaction chamber 11 side; The bottom of described rear end reaction chamber 11 opposite side is communicated with water outlet 8.
Wherein, the connectivity part in described front reaction chamber 1 and intermediate reaction chamber 10, and intermediate reaction chamber 10 is equipped with the connectivity part of rear end reaction chamber 11 and stirs aeration tube 5.Described front reaction chamber 1 is communicated with ditch 12 by A and is communicated with intermediate reaction chamber 10; Described intermediate reaction chamber 10 is communicated with ditch 13 by B and is communicated with rear end reaction chamber 11; Described stirring aeration tube 5 is arranged on A connection ditch 12 and is communicated with in ditch 13 with B.
Gap between described inertia pole plate (7) and electrolytic pole board (3) is 1 ~ 2cm.
The width of described reactive tank inner chamber is 0.5 ~ 0.7m.
Described reactive tank intracavity bottom is provided with electrolytic pole board mounting base 9; Reactive tank inner cavity top is provided with electrolytic pole board fixed link 4.
The aeration tube 2 through dividing plate is provided with below described electrolytic pole board 3.
Described some pieces of electrolytic pole boards 3 spacing is each other 1 ~ 3cm, and electrolytic pole board is iron pole plate.
Described inertia pole plate is mesh electrode or solid panel electrode.
embodiment 2
Device of the present invention is used for certain enterprise's lead-zinc smelting wastewater pilot scale process, waste water is mainly derived from production plant, and principal pollutant are lead, copper, zinc and arsenic; Waste water water yield 10m
3/ d; The technique adopted is electric flocculation treatment process, and technical process is as Fig. 5:
Electricity flocculation apparatus unit is equipped with two power supplys, and the power supply connecting electrolytic pole board is constant current output, ensures that electrolytic current density is 20 ~ 25A/m
2, it is 1 ~ 1.5min that electrolysis time controls; The power supply connecting inertia pole plate is that constant voltage exports, and ensures that voltage is 50 ~ 55V; In electrolyzer, blowing air carries out aerating oxidation and stirring, and aeration control is about about 1:2 in gas-water ratio; Equipment steady running 3 months, every process index is as table 1:
Table 1:
Index |
Total lead |
Total copper |
Total zinc |
Total arsenic |
Before process |
21.3 |
10.9 |
102.8 |
8.7 |
After process |
≤0.1 |
≤0.1 |
≤0.3 |
≤0.05 |
The emission standard performed |
0.5 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
0.3 |
In table, data are 3 months steady running average datas.