CN103466569A - Method for preparing vanadium nitride - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing vanadium nitride. The method comprises the steps of mixing vanadium-containing and oxygen-containing compounds or a mixture of the compounds with organic carbon or inorganic carbon so as to form raw materials, then, directly electrifying the raw materials in a reacting furnace, so as to heat the raw materials, gradually heating to the temperature above 1,100 DEG C, and carrying out reduction and nitridation, thereby producing vanadium nitride. The method has the advantages of high heat efficiency, low power consumption and stable process.
Description
The application is for dividing an application, its original bill application number 200910167871.1, October 12 2009 applying date, invention and created name: a kind of method for preparing vanadium nitride, contriver: Feng Liangrong, applicant: Feng Liangrong.
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ferrous metallurgy field, relate to the preparation method of vanadium nitride.
Background technology
Vanadium nitride is a kind of good steel-making additive, can improve significantly and improve comprehensive mechanical performance and the welding property of steel.Compare with using vanadium iron the vanadium resource that can save 20%～40%, thereby reduced the STEELMAKING PRODUCTION cost.Take construction industry as example, use the new grade III steel muscle of VN alloy technology production because its intensity improves, not only strengthened security, shock resistance, obdurability, the welding property of buildings, can also use the advantages such as regular reinforcement saving steel 10% to 12%.
Within 1967, the people such as J.H.Downing disclose in US3334992, by the V of 181Kg
2o
5, the 62Kg carbon dust, after 4.1Kg gum resin and 3Kg iron powder mix, compression moulding under 20.68MPa, sample size is 51 * 51 * 38mm.Carry out the carbon reduction under 1385 ℃ and 22.7Pa vacuum, during reduction, system vacuum tightness drops to 2666Pa and keeps 60h again, and system vacuum tightness reverts to again 22.7Pa, indicates that reduction process finishes.Now stove is stopped to heating, while being cooled to room temperature, sample is come out of the stove, and that obtain is vanadium carbide (VCx).When vacuum tightness returns to 22.7Pa, stove does not stop heating and temperature while being down to 1100 ℃, and delivering in stove by nitrogen and keeping the dividing potential drop of nitrogen is P
n2=700～1000Pa.First constant temperature nitriding 2h, then furnace temperature is adjusted to 1000 ℃ again nitriding 6h electric furnace stop heating, be chilled to room temperature and come out of the stove under helium-atmosphere, the chemical constitution of its product is: 78.75%V～10.5%C～7.3%N, so claim that again this VN is VCN.
The thick grade of Wang Gong people in 1999, use V
2o
5with the activated carbon compound stalk forming, carry out carbothermic reduction under experiment condition, under 1673K and 1.333Pa vacuum, first reduction generates VC, passes into subsequently nitrogen, under the 101325Pa nitrogen pressure, nitriding is 1.5 hours, can obtain 86%V, 7%C, 9.069%～9.577%N, 2%O sample.In order to improve vanadium nitride intensity, add 3% iron powder in raw material.
Above-mentioned two process need condition of high vacuum degree, equipment cost and operating cost are all higher, and do not relate to the type of heating of reaction process.
Within 1977, U.S. combinating carbide company discloses in U.S. Pat 4040814, by V
2o
3prepared nitrogenous 12% vanadium nitride with carbon at 1100～1500 ℃ of lower reduction nitridations.
The people such as calendar year 2001 grandson morning sunlight disclose in Chinese patent CN1422800A; by pulverous barium oxide; carbonaceous pulvis and binding agent mix rear briquetting; moulding; again the material after moulding is added continuously and prepares stove; to preparing, stove passes into ammonia or nitrogen is done reaction and shielding gas simultaneously; prepare stove and be heated to 1000～1800 ℃; carbonization and nitrogenizing reaction have occurred in this material in stove; time length is less than 3 hours; to be cooled to 100～250 ℃ under protective atmosphere before coming out of the stove, come out of the stove and obtain the vanadium nitride product.
Above-mentioned two processes are not addressed the problem of type of heating, and the mode of in fact wanting with the resistance pushed bat kiln heats.
In fact the process disclosed in above-mentioned two processes and CN1587064 uses V
2o
3for raw material, if use V
2o
5for raw material, it is not because there is no a prereduction process, can melt near being its fusing point and harden at 670 ℃, hinders follow-up reduction process and formation product unity phenomenon.And in vanadium raw materials, the oxidation state of vanadium is lower, raw materials cost is higher.
The people such as J.B.Goddard of Union Carbide Corporation in 1985 disclose in U.S. Pat 4562057, with the high oxide V of vanadium
2o
5or ammonium vanadate is raw material, take mixed gas (nitrogen+ammonia) as reductive agent and nitridizing agent, first at 675～700 ℃ of lower prereduction 1h, low melting point high price barium oxide is reduced to dystectic Low Valent Vanadium oxide compound, under 950 ℃, reduce afterwards and nitriding 3～4h simultaneously, can obtain the product of 73.3%V, 12.6%N, 15.35%O, and then remove wherein a large amount of oxygen by carbothermic method 1400 ℃ of left and right and obtain carbon vanadium nitride product.This process is through prereduction---cooling---batching---pyrocarbon thermal reduction process, and energy consumption is high, and production efficiency is low, also not explanation heating in which way.
Within 1999, the people (Thin Solid Films, 349 (1999) 14～18) such as I.Galesic have delivered with quick thermal treatment process 1100 ℃ of methods that prepare the vanadium nitride film.
2000, Prabhat Kumar Tripathy was at J.Mater.Chem., disclosed at 1500 ℃ with V in 2001,11,691～695
2o
5for material carbon heat and N
2reduction has prepared vanadium nitride.
Above-mentioned two processes are all the small-scale non-continuous process of research character.
The vanadium nitride preparation method who discloses in Chinese patent CN1478915A, CN2690415 is that Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is become to VO with first after the carbon dust briquetting 400～800 ℃ of prereduction
2or V2O3, more finally be reduced into vanadium nitride at 1000～1500 ℃.Because magnetic property after the mixture briquetting of barium oxide raw material and carbon dust is all good, be difficult to induction mode, heat merely, therefore this technique adopts alloy resistance wire to heat in the mode of resistance heating and heats in conjunction with the mode of induction heating in the prereduction process, is different from the present invention and all adopts the type of heating of electrode to the solid material direct-electrifying in prereduction and reduction nitridation process.The technique of this invention, for fear of the feed blocking burner hearth, in fact, with extra graphite saggar splendid attire material, has then moved prereduction and reduction nitridation process with the graphite saggar in stove in addition.Make like this complex manufacturing, increase the cost of graphite saggar, kiln burner hearth internal diameter is also smaller, generally is not more than 400mm, and thermo-efficiency is relatively low like this.CN1757606A and CN101082089 also mention the application induction furnace, but do not mention the frequency of electric current induction, and all there is no actual case study on implementation in patent application document and reality.
Within 2003, logical grade of Sui Zhi discloses in Chinese patent CN1212416A, under the density reinforcer exists, at 1300～1500 ℃ of reduction nitridation 0.5～8h, prepares vanadium nitride.This process does not relate to the problem that adds mode, in fact with the Resistant heating pushed bat kiln, completes.
Servaas Middelhoek in 1973 etc. disclose in U.S. Pat 3745209, take Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES as raw material, under 800～1250 ℃, with ammonia and Sweet natural gas reduction nitridation, have synthesized vanadium nitride.Do not adopt carbothermic reduction in this process, in fact use the resistance-type rotary kiln to complete, do not mention induction heating.
Disclose in Chinese patent CN1562770 and CN1644510, with the method for microwave heating, the vanadous oxide of take, preparing the vanadium nitride of nitrogenous 14% left and right more than 1420 ℃ as raw material.The thermo-efficiency of microwave heating is high, but because the power of single microwave tube can not be done too greatly, the general larger power of accomplishing 5kw, so in the larger situation of the power density that needs whole kiln, a plurality of microwave tubes of general employing,, when but microwave tube is too much, easily heating mutually between different microwave tubes, cause the reduction of microwave tube life-span, thermo-efficiency to reduce.Due to microwave penetration (being generally less than 5cm) limited in one's ability, stove do can cause heating after too large inhomogeneous.Above two reasons make the single device industrial scale be restricted.General single stove accomplishes to produce per year 100 tons of vanadium nitride left and right.In addition, in the vanadium nitride preparation process, along with the intensification of reducing degree, reaction medium more and more has the character of metal, makes more and arrives the reaction later stage, and medium is stronger to the reflection of microwave, causes reaction to be difficult for, can residual more oxygen in product.Be different from type of heating of directly switching on to solid material of the present invention.
Zheng Chen scheme in 2002 waits in Chinese patent C N1380247A with (NH
4)
5[(VO)
6(CO
3)
4(OH)
9] 10H
2o is raw material, under 750～1100 ℃, has synthesized vanadium nitride.
Within 2003, the people such as high Lian disclose in Chinese patent CN1431146A, the Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (V containing a crystal water prepared with special methods
2o
5h
2o, the crystal water mass percent is about 9%) be raw material, within 3～5 hours, prepared vanadium nitride 500～800 ℃ of insulations.
Arai in 1991, Tohru has disclosed under 700 ℃ in the metallic surface vapour deposition vanadium nitride in EP471276.
Above three kinds of methods adopt special synthetic special material, and raw material obtains difficulty, and price is high.
Within 2002, Christopher Allen Bennett reaches H.Kwon in its Ph D dissertation, S.Choi etc. are at Journal ofCatalysis184, in paper on 236～246 (1999), disclose, at 800～1000 ℃ of lower micropreparations as the vanadium nitride of the high-specific surface area of catalyzer.The shortcoming of the method is to prepare on thermal-analysis instrumentation, and its preparation amount is very little, only has even milligram level of gram.
In sum, due to high price barium oxide raw material electroconductibility and magnetic property poor, in existing preparation method, all industrial mass preparations, general alloy resistance wire, globars or the Si-Mo rod heating element resistance heading furnace type of heating of adopting, or the mode that adopts the induction heating graphite liner to add fever heat solid raw material by graphite liner again heats.The small scale equipment that adopts microwave heating is also arranged in addition.These resistance heating devices conduct heat slow, and thermal losses is high, and the power consumption of the technique vanadium nitride per ton of resistance furnace pushed bat kiln is in the 14000kWh left and right.And microwave heating is not also maximized, reduction nitridation reaction is complete not.Induction heating is because needs adopt conductivity and the good graphite material of resistance to elevated temperatures as liner, and the friction durability of graphite liner short be the restraining factors of Reaktionsofen long-term operation all the time.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of raw material to be easy to get, stable technical process, the compound that contains vanadium and oxygen of take is raw material, heating efficiency is high, the vanadium nitride production technique that energy consumption is low.By in Reaktionsofen by power electrode to the solid material direct-electrifying containing vanadium and carbonaceous reducing agent, then the contact resistance between the resistance of solid material self or feed particles or piece generates heat and the heat solid raw material under the effect of electric current.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the raw material that will contain vanadium and carbonaceous reducing agent is mixed to form solid material, then be heated more than 1100 ℃, in heat-processed, vanadium raw materials is through prereduction process and the reduction nitridation process in nitriding atmosphere and synthetic vanadium nitride is characterized in that: describedly containing vanadium raw materials, be: containing vanadium and the compound of oxygen or the mixture of these compounds;
Described heat-processed is: in Reaktionsofen by power electrode to the solid material direct-electrifying containing vanadium and carbonaceous reducing agent, the resistance by solid material self or the heating of the contact resistance between feed particles or piece and heat solid raw material;
Described prereduction and reduction nitridation process are carried out being less than under the nitrogen containing atmosphere of 5MPa;
In described prereduction process and reduction nitridation process, material is greater than 3 hours in the warm area residence time more than 1200 ℃.
Further that described nitriding atmosphere is: a kind of in nitrogen, ammonia, urea, hydrazine, acetonitrile, trimeric cyanamide or other nitrogenous organism or their mixture, the mixture of the material of the perhaps mixture of the material of above material and carbon containing or protium, or above material and carbon containing and protium;
Described carbonaceous reducing agent is: a kind of in inorganic carbon, graphite, carbon black, gac, coke, refinery coke, pitch, organic carbon, starch, paraffin, sugar or their mixture;
Described prereduction process is: above-mentioned containing the tetravalence in vanadium raw materials and the above vanadium of tetravalence some or all of below 700 ℃ by prereduction the vanadium species low to the vanadium oxidation state than in raw material;
Described reduction nitridation process is: through the raw material of prereduction between 700～1800 ℃, by inorganic carbonaceous reducing agent, further reduced and be nitrided atmosphere in the nitrogenize of nitrogen element, and the top temperature of material process is not less than 1300 ℃;
Described prereduction process and reduction nitridation process complete at the different sites of same vertical Reaktionsofen in turn by the movement of material;
Contain vanadium, nitrogen, carbon, the oxygen element do not reacted on a small quantity and the impurity of bringing in described vanadium nitride finished product from raw material.
The voltage that is further the solid material direct-electrifying to containing vanadium and carbonaceous reducing agent is 10～10000 volts, and electric current is 10～100000 amperes.。
Further that Reaktionsofen inside is close to solid reaction medium place one layer resistivity is arranged is the furnace lining that the non-metallic material of solid material resistivity more than 5 times are made.
Be further to add iron, ferric oxide or its mixture that is no more than vanadium weight 100% (in iron) in raw material, can prepare the vanadium nitride of iron content.
Further that electrode to solid material energising is on the inwall of Reaktionsofen.
Further that electrode to solid material energising is in the centre that extend into Reaktionsofen.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has following features:
1. directly in solid material, apply direct current or alternating current with electrode, solid material is stacked and itself is had certain resistance, and this resistance generates heat under galvanic action, and heat utilization ratio is high, and the power supply cost is low.
2. a plurality of power supplys can be set the solid material in Reaktionsofen is heated, power supply is controlled respectively, can control the temperature of different sites in Reaktionsofen.
3. the advantage that adopts the heating of solid material direct-electrifying to carry out prereduction is because contact resistance is large between the particle of raw material briquetting or piece; contact site more easily is heated; thereby make the carbon on feed particles or piece surface and the reaction of high price barium oxide generate the Low Valent Vanadium oxide compound; and now the temperature of whole, also lower than 700 ℃, has been avoided the fusing (fusing point of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 693 ℃) of high price barium oxide in temperature-rise period.Therefore, even take pentavalent vanadium compound or its mixture is raw material, not there will be caking or the phenomenon that hardens in whole intensification and reduction nitridation process yet.Also, because of this reason, the material piece in the present invention can directly add in the induction furnace burner hearth in the mode of piling of faling apart, and makes production efficiency and thermo-efficiency greatly improve.
4. at the induction heating furnace interior, near solid reaction medium place, adding one deck Reaktionsofen inside to be close to solid reaction medium place, one layer resistivity is arranged is the furnace lining that the non-metallic material of solid material resistivity more than 5 times are made; Due to the general poor electric conductivity of high temperature furnace lining, so the furnace lining material choice of this Reaktionsofen is just large than induction furnace.
5. prereduction and reduction nitridation process can continue mobilely at the different warm areas of the different sites of same Reaktionsofen, to complete by material in Reaktionsofen, have avoided independent prereduction process, have reduced energy consumption or material cost.
Embodiment
Concrete technical solution of the present invention now is described in conjunction with the embodiments.Following examples just illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention can reliable and effectively realize, but technical solution of the present invention is not limited in following examples.
Embodiment 1
3000kg content is greater than to 98% piece of Vanadium, 1000kg graphite, 200kg polyethylene polyamine ball milling, briquetting, in the vertical response stove of then packing into.The Graphite Electrodes conduct of a diameter 150mm is stretched at the Reaktionsofen center, the Reaktionsofen inwall arranges two place's graphite cylinders as negative pole away from the Graphite Electrodes place, pile with solid material between positive and negative electrode, pass through direct current or the alternating current of 6000A between positive and negative electrode, the shaft kiln internal temperature in the axial direction from top to bottom by room temperature to 1500 ℃ of top temperatures, then be reduced to 100 ℃ of left and right.Block raw material continuously or intermittently free-standing Reaktionsofen top adds and from the discharging of vertical response furnace bottom.The vertical response furnace bottom passes into nitrogen, and reaction end gas free-standing Reaktionsofen top is withdrawn from.According to the output requirement, solid materials does not wait at shaft kiln internal stops 3h to 200h.Products obtained therefrom is containing 79.5%V, 15.0%N, 3.7%C.Bulk product is dwindled and is formed by the raw material briquetting, the further caking phenomenon of nothing between piece and piece.The about 3400kWh of vanadium nitride power consumption per ton.
Embodiment 2
3000kg content is greater than to 99% orange powdery Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, 800kg gac, 200kg paraffin, 200kg starch ball milling, briquetting, in the vertical response stove of then packing into.The Graphite Electrodes of three diameter 150mm is set as positive source on the upper inside wall circumference of vertical response stove, three Graphite Electrodess are set on the lower inner wall circumference of vertical response stove as power cathode, pile with solid material between upper/lower electrode, these electrodes are all radially passing the furnace lining of Reaktionsofen inwall, and the local liner of vertical response furnace interior and solid reaction medium contact is silicon carbide material.Apply 200V voltage between positive and negative electrode, vertical response furnace interior temperature in the axial direction from top to bottom by room temperature to 1500 ℃ of top temperatures, then be reduced to 100 ℃ of left and right.Block raw material adds from the shaft kiln top and continuously or intermittently continuously from the discharging of vertical response furnace bottom.The vertical response furnace bottom passes into nitrogen, and shaft kiln is withdrawn from reaction end gas free-standing Reaktionsofen top.According to the output requirement, solid materials stops 3h to 200h at the vertical response furnace interior and does not wait.Products obtained therefrom is containing 79.2%V, 17.4%N, 1.1%C.Bulk product is dwindled and is formed by the raw material briquetting, the further caking phenomenon of nothing between piece and piece.The about 3500kWh of vanadium nitride power consumption per ton.
Embodiment 3
3000kg content is greater than to 98% piece of Vanadium, 900kg carbon black, 200kg starch ball milling, briquetting, in the shaft kiln of then packing into.The Graphite Electrodes of three diameter 150mm is set as positive source on the upper inside wall circumference of vertical response stove, three Graphite Electrodess are set on the lower inner wall circumference of vertical response stove as power cathode, pile with solid material between upper/lower electrode, these electrodes are all radially passing the furnace lining of Reaktionsofen inwall, and the local liner of vertical response furnace interior and solid reaction medium contact is silicon carbide material.Apply 200V voltage between positive and negative electrode, vertical response furnace interior temperature in the axial direction from top to bottom by room temperature to 1500 ℃ of top temperatures, then be reduced to 100 ℃ of left and right.Block raw material adds from the shaft kiln top and continuously or intermittently continuously from the discharging of vertical response furnace bottom.The vertical response furnace bottom passes into nitrogen, and shaft kiln is withdrawn from reaction end gas free-standing Reaktionsofen top.According to the output requirement, solid materials stops 3h to 200h at the vertical response furnace interior and does not wait.Products obtained therefrom is containing 79.5%V, 17.6%N, 1.0%C.Bulk product is dwindled and is formed by the raw material briquetting, the further caking phenomenon of nothing between piece and piece.The about 4000kWh of vanadium nitride power consumption per ton.
Claims (10)
1. an industry prepares the method for vanadium nitride, the raw material that will contain vanadium and carbonaceous reducing agent is mixed to form solid material, then be heated more than 1100 ℃, in heat-processed, vanadium raw materials is through prereduction process and the reduction nitridation process in nitriding atmosphere and synthetic vanadium nitride is characterized in that: describedly containing vanadium raw materials, be: containing vanadium and the compound of oxygen or the mixture of these compounds;
Described heat-processed is: in Reaktionsofen by power electrode to the solid material direct-electrifying containing vanadium and carbonaceous reducing agent, the resistance by solid material self or the heating of the contact resistance between feed particles or piece and heat solid raw material;
Described prereduction and reduction nitridation process are carried out being less than under the nitrogen containing atmosphere of 5MPa;
In described prereduction process and reduction nitridation process, material is greater than 3 hours in the warm area residence time more than 1200 ℃.
2. the method for preparing vanadium nitride according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described nitriding atmosphere is: a kind of in nitrogen, ammonia, urea, hydrazine, acetonitrile, trimeric cyanamide or other nitrogenous organism or their mixture, the mixture of the material of the perhaps mixture of the material of above material and carbon containing or protium, or above material and carbon containing and protium;
Described carbonaceous reducing agent is: a kind of in inorganic carbon, graphite, carbon black, gac, coke, refinery coke, pitch, organic carbon, starch, paraffin, sugar or their mixture;
Described prereduction process is: above-mentioned containing the tetravalence in vanadium raw materials and the above vanadium of tetravalence some or all of below 700 ℃ by prereduction the vanadium species low to the vanadium oxidation state than in raw material;
Described reduction nitridation process is: through the raw material of prereduction between 700～1800 ℃, by inorganic carbonaceous reducing agent, further reduced and be nitrided atmosphere in the nitrogenize of nitrogen element, and the top temperature of material process is not less than 1300 ℃;
Described prereduction process and reduction nitridation process complete at the different sites of same Reaktionsofen in turn by the movement of material;
Contain vanadium, nitrogen, carbon, the oxygen element do not reacted on a small quantity and the impurity of bringing in described vanadium nitride finished product from raw material.
3. according to the described method for preparing vanadium nitride of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 2, it is characterized in that: the voltage to the solid material direct-electrifying containing vanadium and carbonaceous reducing agent is 10～10000 volts, and electric current is 10～100000 amperes.
4. according to the described method for preparing vanadium nitride of arbitrary claim in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: Reaktionsofen inside is close to solid reaction medium place, and one layer resistivity is arranged is the furnace lining that the non-metallic material of solid material resistivity more than 5 times are made.
5. according to the described method for preparing vanadium nitride of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the mixture that described nitriding atmosphere is nitrogen, ammonia or above material, perhaps above material and hydrogen or gaseous state containing the mixture of reductibility hydrogen compound or the mixture of above material and CO, or the mixture of above material and hydrogen and CO.
6. according to the described method for preparing vanadium nitride of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the inorganic carbonaceous reducing agent in the reduction nitridation process mixes before the raw material briquetting with containing vanadium raw materials.
7. according to the described method for preparing vanadium nitride of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the inorganic carbonaceous reducing agent in the reduction nitridation process is generated by organic carbonaceous reducing agent carbonization in temperature-rise period.
8. according to the described method for preparing vanadium nitride of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: add the iron, ferric oxide or its mixture that are no more than vanadium weight 100% (in iron) in raw material, prepare the vanadium nitride of iron content.
9. according to the described method for preparing vanadium nitride of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the electrode of switching on to solid material is on the inwall of Reaktionsofen.
10. according to the described method for preparing vanadium nitride of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the electrode of switching on to solid material is in the centre that extend into Reaktionsofen.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108004403A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-08 | 四川中益联控实业发展有限公司 | A kind of rotary kiln vanadium nitrogen alloy preparation method and equipment |
| CN110257646A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-20 | 长安大学 | A kind of process for smelting magnesium and device |
| CN110592377A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-20 | 长安大学 | Metal magnesium carbon thermal reduction process and device |
| CN111004964A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-14 | 冯良荣 | Method for producing vanadium-nitrogen alloy |
-
2009
- 2009-10-12 CN CN2013104389601A patent/CN103466569A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108004403A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-08 | 四川中益联控实业发展有限公司 | A kind of rotary kiln vanadium nitrogen alloy preparation method and equipment |
| CN110257646A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-20 | 长安大学 | A kind of process for smelting magnesium and device |
| CN110592377A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-20 | 长安大学 | Metal magnesium carbon thermal reduction process and device |
| CN111004964A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-14 | 冯良荣 | Method for producing vanadium-nitrogen alloy |
| CN112880389A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-06-01 | 冯良荣 | Directly-heated rotary kiln for reduction nitridation reaction |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |