CN101717883A - Continuous production method of vanadium (iron) carbonitride and device thereof - Google Patents
Continuous production method of vanadium (iron) carbonitride and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101717883A CN101717883A CN200910157646A CN200910157646A CN101717883A CN 101717883 A CN101717883 A CN 101717883A CN 200910157646 A CN200910157646 A CN 200910157646A CN 200910157646 A CN200910157646 A CN 200910157646A CN 101717883 A CN101717883 A CN 101717883A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous production method of vanadium (iron) carbonitride and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: mixing a powder vanadium compound, ferriferous oxide or iron powder and a carbonaceous reducing agent; adding a binder; granulating; drying; and then continuously adding to a rotary reactor to pass a preheating zone at a controlled temperature, a prereducing zone, a main reaction zone and a product-cooling zone. Meanwhile, reaction gas is filled in the reactor along the reverse material motion direction for a carbon thermal reduction and a nitridation reaction so as to continuously prepare vanadium (iron) carbonitride; the main reaction zone is at a temperature of 1300-1550 DEG C; the total reaction time is 1.5-3h; and the vanadium (iron) carbonitride comprises the following components: V: 58.15-80.66%, Fe: 10.21-40.5%, C: 1.01-2.48%, N: 8.82-16.65%, S: smaller than or equal to 0.01% and O: smaller than or equal to 0.05%. The invention does not adopt vacuum equipment, obviously decreases the equipment investment, simplifies the traditional process, greatly shortens the preparation period, greatly decreases the production cost by adopting the primary vanadium compound and the ferriferous oxide as raw materials and has stable product quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical industry, metallurgical technology field, the continuous production method and the equipment thereof of particularly a kind of vanadium (iron) carbonitride.
Background technology
As everyone knows, nitrogen, vanadium are used in high-strength low-alloy steel simultaneously, not only can improve the yield strength of steel, can also save the consumption of 30%-40% vanadium, significantly reduce the production cost of steel.Reason is that the increase of nitrogen content has suppressed that precipitated phase is grown up and alligatoring, crystal grain thinning, thus give full play to the strengthening effect of vanadium in steel.Alloying, the increasing method for nitrogen of existing steel comprises (1) interpolation carbon vanadium nitride; (2) add calcium cyanamide; (3) nitrogen flushing.All there is weak point in these methods: the carbon vanadium nitride density of method (1) is low, easily float in molten steel, and temperature of fusion is higher, makes effective yield of vanadium low; The nitrogen yield of method (2) is low and unstable; Method (3) nitrogen flushing needs specific equipment, and the yield of nitrogen is very low.Effective yield of vanadium is higher when using ferrovanadium nitride steel-making, but its preparation method mainly is to produce ferro-vanadium earlier at present, fragmentation again, briquetting, vacuum solid nitriding, and preparation section is long and complicated, and effective yield of vanadium is on the low side, the production cost height.
Nineteen eighty-two В. П. people such as Н e щ ч e н к о are logical nitrogen nitriding in electrosmelting vanadium iron melt.Gained vanadium iron nitrogen content is lower, average out to 1%-1.2%.Nineteen eighty-three С. Γ. people such as Γ р и щ e н к о adopt the vanadium iron powder of 37%-50%V 1050 ℃ of solid-state nitridings down.Nitriding time 17h, nitrogen content reaches 5%-6.6%.Nineteen eighty-three, jinzhou Ferroalloy Plant carried out 1050 ℃ of solid-state nitridings with the FeV50 vanadium iron powder, and the desalination vanadium iron nitrogen content that obtains is 6%-9% (containing vanadium 44%-47%).People such as Zhang Xianpeng also were 1300 ℃ of solid-state nitridings of raw material with the vanadium iron powder in 1984, and the nitrogen content that obtains vanadium iron is 8.47%.The broken offal abrasive dust of the vanadium iron piece of humans about 78.45% such as nineteen ninety Mu Hongbo, 1000 ℃ of-1200 ℃ of nitridings, the nitrogen content that obtains vanadium iron is 6%-8%.U.S. Xi Erde alloy company also produces the nitrogenous 11%-13% ferrovanadium nitride of (containing vanadium about 65%) with the vanadium iron powder nitriding.The middle proposition of disclosed patent application (CN1873036A) prepared 50 ferrovanadium nitrides (nitrogenous about 12%) by combustion synthesis method in 2006, and raw material still is a ferro-vanadium, and is synthetic under the high pressure nitrogen environment.In addition, 2008 disclosed patent (CN100378238C) " ferrovanadium nitride alloy and preparation method thereof " propose with vanadium compound, iron powder be raw material in carbon tube furnace or push boat type sintering oven 1350 ℃-1490 ℃ reduce, nitriding, make the nitrogenous 8%-16% of ferrovanadium nitride alloy.Although raw material without the higher ferro-vanadium of cost, is directly used the oxide compound of vanadium, equipment is still batch operation mainly, can not serialization production, and efficient is lower.
The inventor disclosed patent " a kind of vanadium nitrogen microalloy additive and preparation method " (CN1212416C) as far back as 2004, it is a raw material with vanadate or barium oxide, add carbonaceous reducing agent and density reinforcer, reduction, nitrogenize are carried out simultaneously, finally obtain the vanadium nitrogen microalloy additive that highdensity nitrogenous (carbon) changes vanadium.Though this method provides the foundation for serialization production, do not transform because of its used production unit, still do not satisfy the serialization production requirement.
Vanadium (iron) carbonitride has the advantage of vanadium iron and vanadium nitride in the use concurrently, the product density height, and temperature of fusion and molten steel adapt, and are easy to add in the steel, are a kind of well-adapted vanadium nitrogen element additives in the ferrous metallurgy.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is deficiency, proposed the continuous production method and the production unit thereof of a kind of vanadium (iron) carbonitride at above-mentioned existing vanadium nitride and the existence of ferrovanadium nitride technology of preparing.Its method is after utilizing poly ammonium vanadate or barium oxide, carbon, iron powder or ferriferous oxide mixing granulation, to finish reduction, nitrogenizing reaction simultaneously in rotary reactor, and a step obtains vanadium (iron) carbonitride.
For this reason, realize that technical scheme of the present invention is such:
The continuous production method of a kind of vanadium (iron) carbonitride said method comprising the steps of:
(a) reorganize and outfit raw material A, raw material B and reductive agent and binding agent, described raw material A, raw material B are sieved and size range between the 50-300 order;
(b) described raw material A, raw material B and reductive agent and binding agent thorough mixing are handled mixture, wherein the weight ratio of each material is: raw material A: raw material B: reductive agent: binding agent=100: (20~50): (20~75): (0~25);
(c) described mixture is joined in the rotary reactor continuously, under the condition of controlled temperature, through preheating zone, prereduction district, main reaction region raw material A, raw material B to the product cooling zone;
(d) when carrying out above-mentioned steps, the reverse feeding reactant gases that in described rotary reactor, moves along mixture, its flow control is at 0.05~1.0m
3.h
-1.kg
-1, and described preheating zone temperature is controlled at 100-400 ℃, prereduction district temperature is controlled at 400-900 ℃, main reaction region temperature and is controlled at 900-1800 ℃, be reduced to below 200 ℃ through temperature behind the cooling zone;
(e) described (d) step is that another brings out finished product by an endfeed of described rotary reactor, and (iron) carbonitride of making vanadium continuously.
And as preferably, the raw material A in described (a) step adopts a kind of or its composition in ammonium meta-vanadate, poly ammonium vanadate, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, vanadium dioxide, the vanadous oxide; Described raw material B adopts ferriferous oxide or the iron powder that comprises iron scale.
The adding binding agent carries out the granulation processing treatment and the mixture in described (b) step adopts the raw material of vanadium-containing compound and ferriferous oxide or iron powder to mix afterwards with reductive agent.
As preferably, the reactant gases that feeds in described rotary reactor in the described step (d) is a kind of or its mixed gas in nitrogen or ammonia, hydrogen, coal gas, the methane.
And the reductive agent in described (b) step adopts a kind of or its composition in graphite, gac, carbon black, graphite electrode powder, wood charcoal powder, refinery coke, the coke.
As preferably, the binding agent in described (b) step adopts a kind of or its composition of water glass, wilkinite, unslaked lime, carboxymethyl cellulose, Xylo-Mucine, starch, dextrin, treated starch, syrup, polyvinyl alcohol, calcium lignin sulphonate, magnesium lignosulfonate, papermaking wastewater.
In like manner, the used production equipment of continuous production method of described vanadium (iron) carbonitride comprises its interior rotary reactor that has traversing mechanism of revolution body of heater and assembling and the material feed bin, finished product bin, the air feed tank that are connected with its sealing.Wherein: an end of revolution body of heater is supported with the hoisting appliance of regulating its inclination angle, by the temperature required order respectively of reaction preheating zone, prereduction district, main reaction region, cooling zone is set in the rotary reactor.The end, preheating zone is provided with opening for feed and air outlet, and the air outlet connects exhaust gas processing device, and the cooling zone afterbody is provided with inlet mouth and product outlet, and inlet mouth connects air feed tank by gas flow controller.
Compared to existing technology, have the advantage of vanadium iron and vanadium nitride concurrently by the product of the method gained that the present invention relates to, constant product quality, vanadium recovery rate height, density are big, and it is low to use fusing point in steel.Use this method can realize serialization production, reduction nitridation under normal pressure, needing no vacuum equipment or pressurizing device obviously reduce facility investment, simplify technical process, shorten preparation cycle, guarantee constant product quality; Because the method that the present invention relates to is to have utilized the principle of gas with the relative countercurrent movement of material, so the heat exchanger effectiveness height both cut down the consumption of energy, recycle gas again reaches the effect of saving.
And the special-purpose production equipment that the present invention adopts, be that the mixture that will handle joins in the rotary reactor of equipment therefor continuously, pass through the preheating zone respectively in proper order by the temperature that reaction is required, the prereduction district, main reaction region, the cooling zone, simultaneously, the reverse feeding gas that in rotary reactor, moves along mixture, carbonization and nitrogenize under the condition of normal pressure, owing to cancelled vacuum apparatus, by reactor one endfeed, bring out finished product from another, realized that a step finishes continuously to produce vanadium (iron) carbonitride, reduce facility investment, simplify working process, shorten preparation cycle, improved production efficiency.Simultaneously when utilizing this rotary reactor to carry out serialization to produce, can make full use of the relative countercurrent movement of gas and material, promote heat exchange, this can cut down the consumption of energy, again can recycle gas, have energy-saving effect clearly.In addition, by adjusting temperature, the rotating speed of rotary reactor, the processing parameters such as inclination angle of reactor, can be implemented in the same production equipment and use different material, produce variant production, functions of the equipments are many, applied range.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the serialization production equipment of vanadium of the present invention (iron) carbonitride.
Sequence number explanation among the figure: 1-revolution body of heater, 2-rotary reactor, 3-heating arrangements, 4-opening for feed, 5-material feed bin, 6-metering mechanism, 7-exhaust gas processing device, 8-air outlet, 9-preheating zone, 10-prereduction district, 11-main reaction region, 12-cooling zone, 13-product outlet, 14-finished product bin, 15-traversing mechanism, 16-inlet mouth, 17-gas flow controller, 18-air feed tank, 19-hoisting appliance.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With the ammonium meta-vanadate is feedstock production vanadium (iron) carbonitride
With the ammonium meta-vanadate after the oven dry grinding and ferriferous oxide or iron powder screening, select granularity to cross 120 purpose materials with addition of reductive agent graphite, its amount of allocating into is with reaction equation 2HN
4VO
3+ 6C+1/2N
2=VC+VN+2NH
3+ H
2O+5CO is a foundation, and considers ferriferous oxide reductive carbon amount, presses the chemical reaction metering than preparation, and suitably adjusts mixed carbon comtent, adds 5% starch again, fully makes the particle of certain particle size behind the mixing by tablets press, fully is stored into the reaction feed bin after the oven dry.Vacuumize air in the remover by vacuum pump.Material is quantitatively sent into the rotary kiln reactor by measuring apparatus, feeds nitrogen simultaneously, and flow is 0.05m
3.h
-1.kg
-1, control the movement velocity of material in the rotary kiln reactor by rotating speed and the inclination angle of adjusting rotary kiln, the mean residence time of material in the rotary kiln reactor is 1.5-3 hour.Raw material is one by one through preheating zone, prereduction district, main reaction region, and this moment, the main reaction region temperature was controlled at 1300-1450 ℃, and the reaction after product enters the cooling zone cooling, and final product vanadium (iron) carbonitride enters the product feed bin.V:78.45% in the product~80.66%, Fe:17.23%~20.5%, the C amount: 1.01%~2.48%, the N amount: 8.82%~12.61%, S amount≤0.01%~0.005%, O amount≤0.05%.
Embodiment 2
With the vanadous oxide is feedstock production vanadium (iron) carbonitride
Selecting granularity is 140 purpose vanadous oxides and ferriferous oxide or iron powder, and with addition of the gac reductive agent, its amount of allocating into is with reaction equation V
2O
3+ 4C+1/2N
2=VC+VN+3CO is a foundation, and considers ferriferous oxide reductive carbon amount, presses the chemical reaction metering than preparation; and suitably adjust mixed carbon comtent; and add 2% polyvinyl alcohol, and fully make the particle of certain particle size behind the mixing by tablets press, fully be stored into the reaction feed bin after the oven dry.Vacuumize oxygen level in the remover by vacuum pump.Raw material quantitatively adds the rotary kiln reactor by measuring apparatus again, feeds nitrogen simultaneously, and flow is 0.2m
3.h
-1.kg
-1, control the movement velocity of material in the rotary kiln reactor by rotating speed and the inclination angle of adjusting rotary kiln, the mean residence time of material in the rotary kiln reactor assembly is 1.5-3 hour.Material is one by one through preheating zone, prereduction district, main reaction region, and this moment, the main reaction region temperature was controlled at 1300-1500 ℃, and the reaction after product enters the cooling zone cooling, and final product vanadium (iron) carbonitride enters feed bin.V amount in the product: 67.45%~78.80%, the Fe amount: 20.12%~23.41%, the C amount: 1.12%~2.41%, the N amount: 10.85%~14.51%, S amount≤0.01%~0.005%, O amount≤0.05%.
Embodiment 3
With the Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is feedstock production vanadium (iron) carbonitride
After the Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES screening after the oven dry grinding, selecting granularity is that 120 purpose Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKESs are with addition of adding an amount of iron scale and reductive agent.Present embodiment is selected the agent of simple substance graphite reduction, and its amount of allocating into is with reaction equation V
2O
5+ 6C+1/2N
2=VC+VN+5CO is a foundation, and considers that the iron scale reduction uses the carbon amount, press the chemical reaction metering than preparation, and suitably adjust mixed carbon comtent, through vibratory screening apparatus fully sieve mixed after, be stored in former feed bin.Vacuumize air in the remover by vacuum pump.Raw material quantitatively enters into the rotary kiln reactor by measuring apparatus again, feeds nitrogen simultaneously, and flow is 0.15m
3.h
-1.kg
-1, control the movement velocity of material in the rotary kiln reactor by rotating speed and the inclination angle of adjusting rotary kiln, the mean residence time of material in the rotary kiln reactor assembly is 1.5-3 hour.Raw material is one by one through preheating zone, prereduction district, main reaction region, and this moment, the main reaction region temperature was controlled at 1300-1550 ℃, and the reaction after product enters the cooling zone cooling, and final product vanadium (iron) carbonitride enters feed bin.V amount in the product: 77.85%~81.80%, the Fe amount: 19.12%~20.41%, the C amount: 1.52%~2.83%, the N amount: 12.85%~13.51%, S amount≤0.01%~0.005%, O amount≤0.05%.
Claims (7)
1. the continuous production method of a vanadium (iron) carbonitride is characterized in that described method comprises step:
(a) reorganize and outfit raw material A, raw material B and reductive agent and binding agent, described raw material A, raw material B are sieved and size range between the 50-300 order;
(b) described raw material A, raw material B and reductive agent and binding agent thorough mixing are handled mixture, wherein the weight ratio of each material is: raw material A: raw material B: reductive agent: binding agent=100: (20~50): (20~75): (0~25);
(c) described mixture is joined in the rotary reactor continuously, under the condition of controlled temperature, through preheating zone, prereduction district, main reaction region raw material A, raw material B to the product cooling zone;
(d) when carrying out above-mentioned steps, the reverse feeding reactant gases that in described rotary reactor, moves along mixture, its flow control is at 0.05~1.0m
3.h
-1.kg
-1, and described preheating zone temperature is controlled at 100-400 ℃, prereduction district temperature is controlled at 400-900 ℃, main reaction region temperature and is controlled at 900-1800 ℃, be reduced to below 200 ℃ through temperature behind the cooling zone;
(e) described (d) step is that another brings out finished product by an endfeed of described rotary reactor, and (iron) carbonitride of making vanadium continuously.
2. according to the continuous production method of the described vanadium of claim 1 (iron) carbonitride, it is characterized in that: the raw material A in described (a) step adopts a kind of or its composition in ammonium meta-vanadate, poly ammonium vanadate, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, vanadium dioxide, the vanadous oxide; Described raw material B adopts ferriferous oxide or the iron powder that comprises iron scale.
3. according to the continuous production method of the described vanadium of claim 1 (iron) carbonitride, it is characterized in that: add binding agent after the mixture in described (b) step adopts the raw material of vanadium-containing compound and ferriferous oxide or iron powder to mix with reductive agent and carry out the granulation processing treatment.
4. according to the continuous production method of the described vanadium of claim 1 (iron) carbonitride, it is characterized in that: the reactant gases that feeds in described rotary reactor in the described step (d) is a kind of or its mixed gas in nitrogen or ammonia, hydrogen, coal gas, the methane.
5. according to the continuous production method of the described vanadium of claim 1 (iron) carbonitride, it is characterized in that: the reductive agent in described (b) step adopts a kind of or its composition in graphite, gac, carbon black, graphite electrode powder, wood charcoal powder, refinery coke, the coke.
6. according to the continuous production method of the described vanadium of claim 1 (iron) carbonitride, it is characterized in that: the binding agent in described (b) step adopts a kind of or its composition of water glass, wilkinite, unslaked lime, carboxymethyl cellulose, Xylo-Mucine, starch, dextrin, treated starch, syrup, polyvinyl alcohol, calcium lignin sulphonate, magnesium lignosulfonate, papermaking wastewater.
7. the serialization production equipment of a vanadium (iron) carbonitride, comprise its interior rotary reactor that has traversing mechanism of revolution body of heater and assembling and the material feed bin that is connected with its sealing, finished product bin, air feed tank, it is characterized in that: an end of described revolution body of heater is provided with the hoisting appliance of regulating revolution body of heater inclination angle, by the temperature required order respectively of reaction the preheating zone is set in the described rotary reactor, the prereduction district, main reaction region, the cooling zone, the preheating zone head is provided with opening for feed and air outlet, the air outlet connects exhaust gas processing device, the cooling zone afterbody is provided with inlet mouth and product outlet, and inlet mouth connects air feed tank by gas flow controller.
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Application publication date: 20100602 |