CN103464902B - Nozzle device for laser rotary cut processing of large-dip-angle aperture and processing method - Google Patents
Nozzle device for laser rotary cut processing of large-dip-angle aperture and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103464902B CN103464902B CN201310367495.7A CN201310367495A CN103464902B CN 103464902 B CN103464902 B CN 103464902B CN 201310367495 A CN201310367495 A CN 201310367495A CN 103464902 B CN103464902 B CN 103464902B
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Abstract
The invention provides a nozzle device for the laser rotary cut processing of a large-dip-angle aperture and a processing method. The nozzle device comprises a nozzle body with a central channel, wherein the front end of the nozzle body is provided with a front end hole; the front end hole is connected with a detachable conical front nozzle; the front nozzle is provided with an axial-through channel; the channel of the front nozzle is communicated with the central channel of the nozzle body; an inclined notch communicated with the channel of the front nozzle is processed and formed on the side wall of the front nozzle along a slope; and a specified include angle is formed between the slope and the central axis of the front nozzle. According to the invention, the quality and the efficiency for processing the large-dip-angle aperture are improved, and the height of the processed aperture is increased so as to realize the efficient and high-quality processing of the large-dip-angle aperture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spray nozzle device and the little hole forming method of high inclination-angle of a kind of laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture, the quality of the present invention's large little hole machined of aspect ratio under can ensureing high inclination-angle condition and efficiency, be applicable to aero-engine hot-end component gaseous film control hole machined, belong to Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical field.
Background technology
At present, the method for Laser Processing aperture mainly contains fixed point and impacts processing method and circumgyration incision processing method, and wherein, circumgyration incision assists air blowing machining small, and hereinafter referred to as rotary-cut machining small, its laser cutting path is circular, and circular interpolation plane orthogonal is in optical axis.As shown in Figure 1, be the cutting path perspective view of existing laser rotary-cut machining small, namely cutting path is circular, and cutting path is followed successively by O-a-b-c-d-e-f-O by arrow direction.Due to rotary-cut machining small, to have precision high, and the advantages such as hole wall, vent surface quality are good, widely use in the part gaseous film control hole machined of the hot junction such as blade of aviation engine, combustion chamber.The measured major reason of this rotary-cut machining small method matter is, the nozzle coaxial with focused laser beam is adopted in rotary-cut process, this nozzle usually conically, nozzle is assisted oxygen blast gas or is assisted and blows high pressure argon gas or nitrogen, compressed air, the melt formed in process is like this easy to be removed from the joint-cutting passage formed under the airflow function of certain pressure and flow velocity, thus avoid melt again to solidify formation recast layer around hole wall with in aperture as far as possible, burr etc., gas pressure is large, flow velocity is high, removal effect is better, crudy is high.
Along with the development of aero-engine, especially novel turboshaft engine reverse flow type combustor needs processing high inclination-angle aperture, high inclination-angle aperture refers to that aperture axis and surface of the work normal direction angle even reach the inclination angle machining small of 85 ° more than 75 °, and the aspect ratio of aperture is maximum more than 20:1.But, for the little hole machined of high inclination-angle, traditional rotary-cut processing mode will be difficult to carry out, this is because when the little hole machined of small inclination, nozzle can press close to workpiece, laser spot (being generally positioned at 1-3mm below nozzle) can be adjusted to and be positioned at surface of the work or inside, if but the inclination angle of aperture is excessive, obviously, limit due to nozzle processing tapering itself and need workpiece or nozzle centered by the axle of hole, do circular interpolation motion, nozzle is difficult to press close to surface of the work, thus cause nozzle and workpiece excessive in optical axis direction spacing, this generates following technological deficiencies:
1, focal position of laser departs from surface of the work, causes significantly declining with the laser power density of workpiece effect and energy density;
2, the gas pressure and the flow velocity that act on joint-cutting can obviously reduce;
3, because rotary-cut processing needs nozzle to do circular arc relative movement with workpiece in the horizontal plane vertical with optical axis direction, senior general is crossed when causing processing same aperture in inclination angle, at circular arc diverse location, nozzle and workpiece spacing, corresponding focal position difference obviously, cause the uniformity of hole wall quality poor.
In addition, because the aspect ratio of high inclination-angle aperture is comparatively large, such as, 1.2mm workpiece, process 60 ° of inclination angle apertures, the degree of depth is 2.4mm only, if inclination angle is 82.5 °, little hole depth is sharply increased to 9.2mm.
Therefore, adopting existing rotary-cut to assist blowing method to process high inclination-angle aperture will directly cause the decline of machining small quality, efficiency, makes the degree of depth of machining small, aspect ratio is restricted.Workpiece is thicker, and inclination angle is larger, and this negative effect is more obvious.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of quality, the efficiency that can improve processing high inclination-angle aperture, increase the spray nozzle device of the laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture of the machining small degree of depth.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of little hole forming method of high inclination-angle adopting above-mentioned laser rotary-cut to process the spray nozzle device of high inclination-angle aperture, this processing method can improve quality, the efficiency of processing high inclination-angle aperture, increase the machining small degree of depth, thus realize that high inclination-angle aperture is efficient, high-quality processing.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes the spray nozzle device of a kind of laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture, for processing high inclination-angle aperture at surface of the work, described spray nozzle device comprises the nozzle body with central passage, front port is offered in the front end of described nozzle body, what connect energy dismounting at described front port place has cone shape front nozzle, described front nozzle has axially through passage, the passage of described front nozzle is connected with the central passage of described nozzle body, the sidewall of described front nozzle is formed with along an oblique surface machining the oblique breach be connected with the passage of described front nozzle, the central axis of described inclined-plane and described front nozzle is in the angle specified.
The spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture as above, wherein, the angle of the described inclined-plane at oblique breach place and the central axis of described front nozzle equals the angle of described surface of the work and high inclination-angle small hole center axis to be processed.
The spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut as above processing high inclination-angle aperture, wherein, described front nozzle and described nozzle body clamping or be threaded togather.
The spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture as above, wherein, described oblique breach ovalize.
Present invention also offers the little hole forming method of a kind of high inclination-angle, described processing method uses Laser Processing aperture equipment, and described Laser Processing aperture equipment includes the spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut as above processing high inclination-angle aperture, and described processing method comprises:
Described spray nozzle device is arranged on the laser condensing lens front end of described Laser Processing aperture equipment;
The front nozzle of described spray nozzle device is pressed close to the high inclination-angle aperture place to be processed of surface of the work, and the inclined-plane at the oblique breach place of described front nozzle and described surface of the work are matched;
Open described Laser Processing aperture equipment, the laser beam produced by described Laser Processing aperture equipment focuses on the central axis of the described high inclination-angle aperture of workpiece to be processed surface or described inside workpiece via the laser condensing lens of described spray nozzle device front end, the position at laser beam foucing central axis place of high inclination-angle aperture described in described inside workpiece, can adjust according to the machining small degree of depth;
Described laser beam is carrying out rotary-cut with in the plane vertical with the described processing work normal to a surface of the central axis intersection point of high inclination-angle aperture to be processed by described workpiece to be processed surface along oval cutting track, and the laser rotary-cut completing high inclination-angle aperture shapes.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following characteristics and advantage:
1, the little hole forming method of high inclination-angle of the present invention, ellipse will be changed into from existing circle in its cutting interpolation path, the size of ellipse long and short shaft will depend on that aperture angle of inclination, aperture require and processing experiment result, focal position of laser is axially constant all the time in hole, the spacing of spray nozzle device and workpiece also can not change, and therefore improves stability and the uniformity of processing.
2, the front nozzle of spray nozzle device of the present invention is formed with the oblique breach be connected with the passage of described front nozzle near the milling of surface of the work side, conical front nozzle is made to have the plane at larger oblique angle, and oblique breach ovalize, achieve spray nozzle device to try one's best surface of the work, contribute to improving focus adjustment range, thus ensure that the focus of laser beam is positioned at surface of the work and even can be adjusted to inside workpiece, be conducive to processing large aspect ratio aperture, and then collision free is interfered.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described here only for task of explanation, and is not intended to limit scope disclosed by the invention by any way.In addition, the shape of each parts in figure and proportional sizes etc. are only schematic, for helping the understanding of the present invention, are not the shape and the proportional sizes that specifically limit each parts of the present invention.Those skilled in the art under the teachings of the present invention, can select various possible shape and proportional sizes to implement the present invention as the case may be.
Fig. 1 is the cutting path perspective view of existing laser rotary-cut machining small;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut of the present invention processing high inclination-angle aperture;
Cross-sectional view when Fig. 3 is the spray nozzle device use of laser rotary-cut of the present invention processing high inclination-angle aperture;
Fig. 4 is the machining state schematic diagram of the little hole forming method of high inclination-angle of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the cutting path perspective view of the little hole forming method of high inclination-angle of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-spray nozzle device; 11-nozzle body; 12-central passage; 13-front port; 14-front nozzle; 15-passage; 2-workpiece; 3-high inclination-angle aperture; 4-laser beam; The central shaft of 5-laser beam; 6-surface of the work central point; The central shaft of 7-high inclination-angle aperture; 8-intersection point; 9-normal.
Detailed description of the invention
By reference to the accompanying drawings with the description of the specific embodiment of the invention, can clearly understand details of the present invention.But the specific embodiment of the present invention described here, only for explaining object of the present invention, and can not to be understood as by any way be limitation of the present invention.Under the teachings of the present invention, technical staff can conceive based on distortion possible arbitrarily of the present invention, and these all should be regarded as belonging to scope of the present invention.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, cross-sectional view when being respectively the structural representation of the spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut of the present invention processing high inclination-angle aperture and using.As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the spray nozzle device 1 of the laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture that the present invention proposes, in workpiece 2 Surface Machining high inclination-angle aperture 3 (as shown in Figure 4).Spray nozzle device 1 comprises the nozzle body 11 with central passage 12, offers front port 13 in the front end of nozzle body 11, is connected with the cone shape front nozzle 14 of energy dismounting at front port 13 place, so that change front nozzle 14.Front nozzle 14 has axially through passage 15, and the passage 15 of front nozzle 14 is connected with the central passage 12 of nozzle body 11, thus the laser beam passway that the axis forming whole spray nozzle device is through.In the present invention, the sidewall of front nozzle 14 is formed with along an oblique surface machining the oblique breach be connected with the passage 15 of front nozzle 14, the inclined-plane at oblique breach place and the central axis of front nozzle 14 are in the angle specified, to make when spray nozzle device 1 is pressed close to mutually with workpiece 2, while oblique inclined-plane, breach place and surface of the work fit, the port of export of front nozzle 14 is positioned at high inclination-angle aperture machining area to be processed just.Like this, make the laser beam 4 penetrated by the port of export of front nozzle 14 can focus on the machined surface of high inclination-angle aperture to be processed, achieve the laminating on spray nozzle device 1 and workpiece 2 surface to greatest extent, thus ensure that laser beam 4 focus is positioned at surface of the work and even can be adjusted to inside workpiece, be conducive to processing large aspect ratio aperture, and collision free is interfered, significantly improve the machining small degree of depth and process the efficiency of large aspect ratio aperture.Oblique breach of the present invention is shaped by Milling Process, and the angular range of aforementioned regulation is selected according to reality processing operating mode, and the present invention is not restricted this.
Normal conditions, as shown in Figure 4, the angle of the inclined-plane at oblique breach place and the central axis of front nozzle 14 equals the angle of workpiece 2 surface and high inclination-angle small hole center axis to be processed.
In the present invention, front nozzle 14 adopts clamping with nozzle body 11 or is threaded or other suitable removable connected mode.
Further, the oblique breach ovalize of front nozzle 14, be beneficial to oblique inclined-plane, breach place and workpiece 2 surface fit tightr.
Please refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 5, be respectively machining state schematic diagram and the cutting path perspective view of the little hole forming method of high inclination-angle of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, present invention also offers the little hole forming method of a kind of high inclination-angle, this processing method uses Laser Processing aperture equipment, and Laser Processing aperture equipment includes the spray nozzle device 1 of laser rotary-cut described above processing high inclination-angle aperture 3, and this processing method comprises:
First, spray nozzle device 1 is arranged on the focus lamp front end of Laser Processing aperture equipment, the laser beam 4 that Laser Processing aperture equipment is launched via spray nozzle device 1 outgoing to the surface of workpiece to be machined 2;
Secondly, the front nozzle 14 of spray nozzle device 1 is pressed close to high inclination-angle aperture 3 place to be processed on workpiece 2 surface, and the inclined-plane at the oblique breach place of front nozzle 14 is just matched with workpiece 2 surface, now the port of front nozzle 14 is corresponding on the machining area of high inclination-angle aperture 3 to be processed;
Then, open Laser Processing aperture equipment, the laser beam 4 that Laser Processing aperture equipment produces focuses on workpiece to be processed 2 surface or workpiece 2 inside via spray nozzle device 1 front end focus lamp;
Subsequently, in process, as shown in Figure 5, laser beam 4 is with in the plane vertical with the normal of the surface of the work of the central axis intersection point of high inclination-angle aperture to be processed by surface of the work, namely rotary-cut is carried out along oval cutting track in machining hole axis and surface of the work intersection point phase tangent plane, namely as shown in Figure 5, laser beam 4 cutting path is followed successively by O'-a'-b'-c'-d'-e'-f'-O' by arrow direction, thus the laser rotary-cut completing high inclination-angle aperture 3 shapes.
In the present invention, Laser Processing aperture equipment adopts existing 5 Shaft and NC Machining Test pulsed YAG laser machining small equipment, spray nozzle device is arranged in processing head structure, improve Laser Focusing depth of focus amount, be conducive to deep hole processing, and be easy to working nozzle and more press close to surface of the work, according to parameters of laser beam, focal length, focus characteristics etc., the focal length 150mm focus lamp of the focus lamp of Laser Processing aperture equipment is replaced by the focus lamp of focal length 200mm.
Interpolation path is cut at machining hole axis and surface of the work intersection point phase tangent plane inward turning, clinoplain processing mode can be adopted (namely when employing workpiece angled manner, processing head is perpendicular to workbench X-Y plane), also can adopt axially bored line to be processed for workpiece and surface of the work intersection point phase tangent plane multiple operation platform X-Y plane, processing head tilts, thus the mode of interpolation in X-Y plane.
As shown in Figure 4, when using little hole forming method of the present invention, the central shaft 5 of laser beam 4 favours workpiece 2 surface, but cutting path interpolation plane non-perpendicular to central shaft 5, but workpiece 2 is surperficial or be positioned at the tangent plane of surface of the work central point 6 with processing inclined (i.e. high inclination-angle aperture 3), namely movement locus interpolation plane orthogonal is in the normal 9 by the central shaft 7 of high inclination-angle aperture 3 and the intersection point 8 of surface of the work.
In order to realize said method processing high inclination-angle aperture, ellipse will be changed into from existing circle in actual cutting interpolation path, and the size of ellipse long and short shaft will depend on that aperture angle of inclination, aperture require and processing experiment result; In addition, the front nozzle of spray nozzle device of the present invention is formed with the oblique breach be connected with the passage of described front nozzle near the milling of surface of the work side, conical front nozzle is made to have the plane at larger oblique angle, and oblique breach ovalize, achieve spray nozzle device 1 to try one's best workpiece 2 surface, contribute to improving focus adjustment range, thus ensure that the focus of laser beam is positioned at surface of the work and even can be adjusted to inside workpiece, be conducive to processing large aspect ratio aperture, and then collision free is interfered.
The present invention adopts above-mentioned rotary-cut to process the little hole forming method of high inclination-angle, and focal position of laser is axially constant all the time in hole, and the spacing of spray nozzle device and workpiece also can not change, and therefore improves stability and the uniformity of processing.
For the detailed explanation of the respective embodiments described above, its object is only to make an explanation to the present invention, so that the present invention can be understood better, but, it is limitation of the present invention that these descriptions can not become with any explanation, particularly, each feature described in various embodiments also can be combined mutually, thus form other embodiments, except there being clearly contrary description, these features should be understood to can be applied in any one embodiment, and are also not only confined to described embodiment.
Claims (5)
1. the spray nozzle device of a laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture, for processing high inclination-angle aperture at surface of the work, described spray nozzle device comprises the nozzle body with central passage, front port is offered in the front end of described nozzle body, it is characterized in that, the cone shape front nozzle of energy dismounting is connected with at described front port place, described front nozzle has axially through passage, the passage of described front nozzle is connected with the central passage of described nozzle body, the sidewall of described front nozzle is formed with along an oblique surface machining the oblique breach be connected with the passage of described front nozzle, the central axis of described inclined-plane and described front nozzle is in the angle specified.
2. the spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the angle of the described inclined-plane at oblique breach place and the central axis of described front nozzle equals the angle of described surface of the work and high inclination-angle small hole center axis to be processed.
3. the spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described front nozzle and described nozzle body clamping or be threaded togather.
4. the spray nozzle device of laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described oblique breach ovalize.
5. the little hole forming method of high inclination-angle, described processing method uses Laser Processing aperture equipment, it is characterized in that, described Laser Processing aperture equipment includes the spray nozzle device of the laser rotary-cut processing high inclination-angle aperture according to any one of claim 2 to 4, and described processing method comprises:
Described spray nozzle device is arranged on the laser condensing lens front end of described Laser Processing aperture equipment;
The front nozzle of described spray nozzle device is pressed close to the high inclination-angle aperture place to be processed of surface of the work, and the inclined-plane at the oblique breach place of described front nozzle and described surface of the work are coincide;
Open described Laser Processing aperture equipment, the laser beam produced by described Laser Processing aperture equipment focuses on the central axis of the described high inclination-angle aperture of workpiece to be processed surface or described inside workpiece via the laser condensing lens of described spray nozzle device rear end, the position at laser beam foucing central axis place of high inclination-angle aperture described in described inside workpiece, can adjust according to the machining small degree of depth;
The focus of described laser beam carries out rotary-cut along oval cutting track, and described oval cutting track is positioned at the plane perpendicular to surface of the work normal, and the laser rotary-cut completing high inclination-angle aperture shapes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310367495.7A CN103464902B (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2013-08-21 | Nozzle device for laser rotary cut processing of large-dip-angle aperture and processing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310367495.7A CN103464902B (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2013-08-21 | Nozzle device for laser rotary cut processing of large-dip-angle aperture and processing method |
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| CN103464902B true CN103464902B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103978314A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Air film cooling hole preparation technology based on picosecond laser auxiliary processing |
| CN104625434A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-20 | 胡骁 | Laser hole digging method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994023887A1 (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1994-10-27 | Atsushi Mori | Laser machining apparatus and laser machining method |
| CN1137450A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-12-11 | 索尼株式会社 | Method for forming hole and method for forming nozzle in orifice plate of printing head |
| CN102123818A (en) * | 2008-06-28 | 2011-07-13 | 通快机床两合公司 | Method for eccentrically orienting a laser cutting beam in relation to a nozzle axis and for cutting at an angle, corresponding laser machining head and laser machining tool |
| CN102218605A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-10-19 | 苏州德龙激光有限公司 | Laser rotary-cut drilling device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2406300A (en) * | 2003-09-20 | 2005-03-30 | Rolls Royce Plc | A method of laser machining components having a protective surface coating |
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- 2013-08-21 CN CN201310367495.7A patent/CN103464902B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994023887A1 (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1994-10-27 | Atsushi Mori | Laser machining apparatus and laser machining method |
| CN1137450A (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-12-11 | 索尼株式会社 | Method for forming hole and method for forming nozzle in orifice plate of printing head |
| CN102123818A (en) * | 2008-06-28 | 2011-07-13 | 通快机床两合公司 | Method for eccentrically orienting a laser cutting beam in relation to a nozzle axis and for cutting at an angle, corresponding laser machining head and laser machining tool |
| CN102218605A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-10-19 | 苏州德龙激光有限公司 | Laser rotary-cut drilling device |
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Address after: 100024 North East military villa, eight Li bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee after: China Institute of Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Address before: 100024 North East military villa, eight Li bridge, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee before: Beijing Aviation Manufacturing Engineering Institute of China Aviation Industry Group Company |
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