CN103461307B - Individual fruit tree accurate spraying control method based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) and equipment - Google Patents
Individual fruit tree accurate spraying control method based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103461307B CN103461307B CN201310364239.2A CN201310364239A CN103461307B CN 103461307 B CN103461307 B CN 103461307B CN 201310364239 A CN201310364239 A CN 201310364239A CN 103461307 B CN103461307 B CN 103461307B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an individual fruit tree accurate spraying control method based on an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device). The method comprises the following steps: reading electronic tags arranged on fruit trees by using an RFID module; controlling the medicinal flow of a spraying machine by using a processor according to read fruit tree numbers and matched formulae to realize accurate spraying of different individual fruit trees. The invention further provides corresponding accurate spraying control equipment, which comprises an RFID module, a core processor module and a spraying control module. According to the method and the equipment, unique identity of an individual fruit tree is realized; the equipment is used for scanning fruit tree tags and inquiring the formula information of corresponding fruit trees through the RFID module, the spraying machine is used for opening an electromagnetic valve through an ARM processor according to the formula information, a flow sensor is started at the same time, the on time of the electromagnetic valve is controlled by comparing a dose fed back by the flow sensor with a prescribed dose, and the dose acquired finally by using the flow sensor is stored, so that accurate spraying operation and automatic recording of spraying parameters are realized, and a basis for improving the quality, safety and tracing of fruits is laid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to modern agricultural technology field, particularly the individual precisely spraying control method and apparatus of a kind of fruit tree based on RFID.
Background technology
China's orchard planting area and output all rank first in the world, but due to impact and the restriction of the factors such as fruit variety, cropping pattern, individual difference and pesticide application technology, damage by disease and insect frequently occurs but to can not get effective control, thus causes shedding, secondary fruit and bad fruit, has a strong impact on nutrient quality; Meanwhile, the dispenser facility of frequently extensive Agro-chemicals control and backwardness and pesticide application technology add Financial cost and orchard worker's labour intensity of orchard operation.Orchard dispenser link labour intensity is large, and work under bad environment, has urgent demand to equipment for plant protection.
The main mode relying on artificial spray of spray medicine operation in current China orchard, there is the phenomenon that pesticide variety is used with, raising spray concentration and dosage, abuse high-toxic pesticide, continuous several times use same chemical control same target arbitrarily, peasant household only carries out spray medicine by rule of thumb, and this causes serious impact to fruit and environment.In recent years, orchard spray medicine facility has had tremendous development, there is orchard pipeline spray medicine facility and the spray medicine equipment such as medicine electrostatic sprayer, the intelligence spray medicine equipment based on ARM, the variable-ratio spraying system based on laser scanning have been sprayed to target, but it does not carry out precisely careful operation and management according to the difference of fruit tree individuality, exist and record extensive problem, this causes very large impact to fruit quality and fruit product information source tracing.
The general principle of RFID utilizes radiofrequency signal and Space Coupling (inductance or electromagnetic coupled) transmission characteristic, realize the automatic identification being identified object, it has noncontact, distance of reaction is far away, penetration power is strong, can storage data carrying out read and write, the feature such as long service life, it is lower to environmental requirement, good environmental adaptability.At present, RFID technique is widely used in animal identification and the field such as tracking, foodstuff traceability, automatically identifying by utilizing RFID technique, storing the features such as data and simplify production procedure, achieve economic interests to maximize, this makes this technology become the study hotspot of application aspect in recent years, the feature of automatic identification is the automatic identification of fruit tree, and the autostore realizing spray medicine information provides technical foundation.Therefore a corresponding electronic record is set up for different fruit tree individuality, significant to the seed output and quality improving fruit.But do not have corresponding technology at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the individual precisely spraying control method and apparatus of a kind of fruit tree based on RFID, achieve the unique identity to fruit tree individuality, equipment scans fruit tree label by RFID module and inquires about the prescription information of corresponding fruit tree, spraying machine opens magnetic valve according to prescription information by arm processor, start flow sensor simultaneously, by the dose of contrast flow sensor feedback and the conduction time of recipe quantity Controlling solenoid valve, and store the dose of final flow rate sensor collection, achieve the automatic record spraying medicine operation and spray medicine parameter accurately, lay a good foundation for improving fruit quality safety and tracing to the source.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of individual precisely spraying control method of fruit tree based on RFID, RFID module is utilized to read the electronic tag be arranged on fruit tree, processor reads numbering and coupling prescription according to RFID module, controls the drug flux of spraying machine, realizes the accurate spray medicine to different fruit tree individuality.
In spray medicine process, the drug flux of Real-time Collection spraying machine, and feed back to processor, contrast with the drug flux of setting, realize the real-time monitoring to spray value.
In spray medicine process, processor records the spray regimen that each electronic tag is taked and stores.
Invention also provides the individual precisely spraying control equipment of a kind of fruit tree based on RFID, comprising:
RFID module, based on the electronic tag be arranged on fruit tree, wirelessly realizes the individual identification of fruit tree, and by the numbered transmission of reading to core processor module;
Core processor module, receives the transmission information of RFID module, and matches with the prescription information of internal memory, exports control signal to spraying control module accordingly according to different prescription;
Spraying control module, comprise the spraying machine magnetic valve connecting core processor module control signal and the turbine flow transducer being arranged at spraying machine nozzle position place, the opening and closing time of spraying machine magnetic valve is controlled by described control signal, turbine flow transducer gathers nozzle position real-time traffic, and be back to core processor module and compare with the setting drug dose in prescription information, realize the real-time monitoring to control signal, realize precisely operating.
Described RFID module for core with hyperfrequency read-write chip AS3990, transmits and to amplify through power amplifier by after hyperfrequency read-write chip AS3990 transmitting, then sent by ceramic antenna through isolator, thus improves reading/writing distance; After Received signal strength is received by ceramic antenna, deliver to the input of hyperfrequency read-write chip AS3990 through isolator, after mixing, gain, filtering, digitlization, deliver to core processor module by RS232 serial ports.
Described hyperfrequency read-write chip AS3990 is circumscribed with a voltage controlled oscillator, to reduce phase noise, improves chip stability.
Described core processor module with risc processor S3C2440 for core.
Described prescription information comprises fruit tree numbering, fruit variety, medicine name and drug dose, carries out pairing according to fruit tree numbering and identifies with numbering from the reading of RFID module.
Also comprise the user interactive module connecting core processor module, for arranging spray medicine parameter, and display spray medicine parameter and prescription information.
Described electronic tag is passive electronic label, adopts frequency hopping mode of operation.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) the present invention is based on RFID technique, be that core design goes out a set of orchard accurately spray medicine equipment with arm processor, the prescription map that this equipment can provide according to expert decision system sprays medicine operation accurately, achieves the fine-grained medicine spraying tube reason of fruit-tree orchard.
2) the present invention spray medicine equipment can to spray medicine operation manage, automatically can accurately record fruit tree operating parameter during work, breach the extensive problem of manual record, for the service of tracing to the source provide real data basis.
3) drawn by the accurate spraying control experiment of equipment: equipment is in normal operation circumstances, and departure≤5% of spray value, meets the requirement of accurately spray medicine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the hardware configuration schematic diagram that medicine equipment is sprayed in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is core processor module frame chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is RFID module hardware structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is spraying machine structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that medicine information management module block diagram is sprayed in the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the individual precisely spraying control equipment of a kind of fruit tree based on RFID of the present invention forms primarily of core processor module, RFID module, spraying control module, user interactive module, power module and ancillary equipment.Core processor module completes the control of management to pomology information and spraying machine system; RFID module realizes the automatic identification to fruit tree label, provides foundation for core processor module and spraying control module control spraying machine operation; Spraying control completes the accurate control to spraying machine, for spray medicine operating data provides safeguard; User interactive module is used for for arranging spray medicine parameter, and display spray medicine parameter and prescription information etc.; Power module is that modules is powered.
As shown in Figure 2,16/32 the risc processor S3C2440 selecting Samsung company to release is core to core processor modular structure, is arm processor.It completes the management to fruit-tree orchard spray medicine information, prescription information, pomology information, it is the control axis of control module simultaneously, control instruction is sent to spraying machine magnetic valve, the dose information of collection analysis flow sensor, by comparing collection capacity and recipe quantity or settings, magnetic valve is controlled, realize the break-make of spray medicine operation, complete the accurate spray medicine operation of spraying machine to fruit tree.The peripheral circuit of processor expansion has: the I/O interface of directly Controlling solenoid valve opening and closing; The RS232 interface of RFID module; Realize the WAFER connector of sensor flow reception of impulse; Realize the UART0 of program or reading and writing data and the USB port for mouse expansion; Connect the LCD expansion slot of LCD display; The SD expansion slot in extension storage space.
RFID module structure as shown in Figure 3, the AS3990 chip developed with Austrian microsystems is core, this chip has the feature of the high and low power consumption of integrated level, receiving circuit, transtation mission circuit, conversion unit of protocol is integrated with in chip, support ISO18000-6B, EPC CLASS1G2 standard electronic tag read, operating frequency range 300-928MHz, meets and reads and writes requirement at a distance.Module adopts special external ceramic antenna to improve reading/writing distance, is sent by isolator by the signal after PA amplifies by antenna.The signal received through antenna to be transported to the input MIXS-IN of AS3990 by isolator, after mixing, gain, filtering, digitlization, deliver to S3C2440 process by RS232 serial ports.For reducing phase noise to the impact of readwrite performance, the external voltage controlled oscillator (VOC) of circuit improves chip stability.
RFID module practical function: 1, combine that core processor is unified according to tag identification code structure electronic tag EPC district, the amendment of specification; 2, completed the individual identification of fruit tree by the mode of wireless identification, and pass the numbering of reading back ARM core processor and carry out prescription information inquiry, to complete precisely spray medicine operation.
Spraying control module, comprises the spraying machine magnetic valve connecing core processor module control signal and the turbine flow transducer being arranged at spraying machine nozzle position place.Spraying control module completes the fixing quantity to spray value, it forms closed-loop control by arm processor, magnetic valve, turbine flow transducer, the spray medicine parameter arranged according to operator by arm processor or RFID scan fruit tree and number the prescription information inquired, by I/O mouth control relay opens solenoid valve, analyze contrast flow sensor feedback spray medicine information and recipe quantity simultaneously, the solenoid valves time is accurately controlled.
The UD-C-10 type miniature electromagnetic valve that magnetic valve adopts roc valve forever to produce, its important technological parameters: rated operational voltage 12VDC, pattern: closed type, operating pressure 0 ~ 10kg/cm2, flow aperture 10mm.Because arm processor I/O mouth output voltage is 3.3V, so by I/O mouth control relay, be switched on or switched off magnetic valve two ends 12V dc source, complete the control to magnetic valve.
The LWGYA type turbine flow transducer that shower nozzle spray value adopts magnificent letter flow amount finite instrument company to produce is measured, it has metal and plastic casing two kinds, select the plastic casing type sensor of lighter weight, its important technological parameters: operating voltage DC5-12V, inside nominal diameter 4-200mm, output form is impulse form, flow measurement range 0.04 ~ 800m3/h, certainty of measurement ± 0.5%.It is 3.3V voltage signal that I/O mouth due to arm processor can only receive amplitude, and the pulse of turbine flow transducer output voltage is about 8V, by carrying out conversion process by the signal of photoelectric isolated chip TLP521 flow sensor after WAFER interface signal, finally delivering to ARM process and reading.
The each module of electric power source pair of module equipment is powered, according to each module demand of equipment, wherein turbine flow transducer, magnetic valve, centrifugal pump rated voltage 12V, and scan module rated voltage 9V, ARM core processor and user interactive module rated voltage 5V.Equipment adopts 12V direct-flow storage battery, and turbine flow transducer, magnetic valve, centrifugal pump are directly by 12V Power supply; 9V voltage is changed by ECG184 transistor circuit; The change-over circuit that 5V power acquisition MC7805 chip is formed is changed.
User interactive module hardware components comprises LCD touch screen and mouse, achieves the summary of the visual and optimum configurations of the management to spray medicine information.Equipment adopts TFT touch screen to show, and operator is by the mode of touch-control to operate, and in ARM, information can map to screen and shows, as spray medicine information, prescription information etc. simultaneously.Less owing to showing dummy keyboard in touch-screen, touch accuracy not high, equipment provides mouse usb expansion port, the operations such as reduced parameter setting, selection.
RFID can be divided into active electronic label and passive electronic label two class, and its typical operating frequency is 433.92MHz, 862 (902) ~ 928MHz, 2.45GHz, 5.8GHz.Use 915MHz passive electronic label, it adopts frequency hopping mode of operation, there is antijamming capability, user can customize read-write normal data, decipherment distance is generally 4 ~ 7m, can more than 10m be reached farthest, passive label has that cost is low, volume is little, reliability is high, to feature, the realistic demand such as environmental requirement is low.
Spraying machine adopts board 20L power spraye under city, rated operational voltage 12V, circuit is formed primarily of centrifugal pump 2, switch, 12V accumulator, regulating circuit and manometer, through repacking, accumulator is connected with power module, obtaining 9V, 5V supply voltage by different switching circuit, is device scan module and core processor module for power supply; Centrifugal pump 2 draws liquid from medicine-chest 1, and magnetic valve 3 is installed on centrifugal pump 2 water outlet, by Control 12V Power supply, for controlling the break-make of spraying medicine; Turbine flow transducer 4 is installed on shower nozzle place, is connected with core processor module and power supply by wire, for the Real-time Collection to spray value, by the accurate control completed after the process of core processor module analysis spraying machine.Spraying machine design as shown in Figure 4.
Equipment operating software of the present invention is based on WINCE operating system, adopt Visual Studio2008 IDE and C# programming language to design and develop, form primarily of sprayer spraying fruit tree medicine information management module software, fruit tree individual UVR exposure and recognizer, the accurate spraying control algorithm of fruit tree, Operation system setting.Sprayer spraying fruit tree medicine information management module realizes the management to spray medicine information, prescription information, pomology information, simultaneously for the control of control module provides operating data; Fruit tree individual UVR exposure and RFID label tag coding realize the unique identification of fruit tree, and recognizer serves primarily in control module, during spray medicine, call the automatic identification that RFID driver realizes fruit tree, for the accurate operation of control module provides safeguard; Control module relies on spray medicine information management module spray medicine parameter information to operate, and calls the accurate spraying control of accurate spraying control algorithm realization, and practical operation information is stored, for management provides Information base; System setup module is mainly arranged equipment time, RFID scan module parameter etc.
Pomology information administration module provides maintenance of information and spray medicine parameter setting function, comprises the record management of spray medicine, spray medicine operating parameter is arranged, prescription information safeguards and pomology information is safeguarded.As shown in Figure 5, the record management of spray medicine provides history to spray medicine operation information look facility, by reading background data base content, the content such as fruit tree numbering, medicine name, drug dose, operator, mode of operation, date of operation of each operation of display in tables of data, for follow-up spray medicine operation provides reference; Medicine name, consumption and method of application that spray medicine operating parameter is arranged the operation of spray medicine are arranged, and for precisely operation provides Data support, have operated rear parameters together with system time and operator together stored in background data base; Pomology information is safeguarded provides newly-increased fruit tree function, can delete the information of the fruit tree of dead or transplanting simultaneously, make full use of space encoder; Prescription information safeguards that producing fruit tree prescription information, or set up prescription information by expert's guidance, providing safeguard for rationally spraying medicine operation accurately, user can according to actual conditions to prescription information amendment or deletion with existing expert decision-making software for supporting.
For checking the present invention, start in March, 2013 to carry out close beta experiment in base, Yang Ling apple nursery, experiment employing 5 electronic tags are numbered 1,2,3,4, No. 5 respectively, and it is hung in order on the fruit tree at 3-5m interval, label front is just also fixing to passageway, leaf branch near label and other shelters are cleared up, prevents the interference to reading performance.
Equipment carries out 1 ~ 5 numbering according to coding rule to label by RFID module, and under 5 labels, carry out the setting of prescription information, and setting gradually recipe quantity is 0.5L, 1L, 2L, 5L, 10L; Open spray medicine equipment, from No. 1 label, successively the spray medicine of each label is operated, turbine flow transducer gathers spray value in real time, gather once every 0.1s, contrast collection capacity and recipe quantity, analyze comparing result Controlling solenoid valve break-make by arm processor, completes and automatically control precisely spray medicine operation.Spray value is as the criterion with actual acquisition amount, is saved in the database of respective labels by detected value after having operated.
By newly-built spray medicine operation, can set medicine name, spray prescription formula and consumption at optimum configurations interface, time and operator's system automatic acquisition.Spray medicine experimental data and analysis result as shown in the table:
As can be seen from the above table, time in normal operation circumstances, between the dose that recipe quantity and sensor record, max value of error is 3.67%, and minimum of a value is 1.36%.Analysis can produce error main cause 3 aspects: 1) the prior underfill liquid of sensor; 2) flow sensor coefficient k is fixed by water gauge, there is certain error to Pesticides Testing; 3) there is hysteresis quality in magnetic valve; 4) the sensor Information Monitoring time interval causes and controls sluggishness.
Due to spraying machine start time, spray medicine bar and Guan Zhongwu liquid, flow sensor measurements causes certain influence, is full of liquid so need before operation first to allow to spray in medicine bar; Secondly the hysteresis quality existed during solenoid control belongs to system constant error, therefore improving equipment control accuracy by adopting more high sensitive electromagnetic valve, reducing and control the reaction time or carry out software algorithm optimization realization; The sensor Information Monitoring time interval is 0.1s, and during the time interval, flow is not interrupted and causes error, improves precision by reducing acquisition time interval.
By above-mentioned experiment can obtain system precisely spray medicine operation time, stable performance, the maximum departure of system is within 5%, and devices illustrated design of hardware and software is reasonable, can realize operating the accurate spray medicine of fruit-tree orchard.
Claims (7)
1. the individual precisely spraying control method of the fruit tree based on RFID, it is characterized in that, RFID module is utilized to read the electronic tag be arranged on fruit tree, the prescription of the numbering that processor reads according to RFID module and coupling, control the drug flux of spraying machine, realize the accurate spray medicine to different fruit tree individuality, in spray medicine process, processor records the spray regimen that each electronic tag is taked and stores, in spray medicine process, the drug flux of Real-time Collection spraying machine, and feed back to processor, contrast with the drug flux of setting, realize the real-time monitoring to spray value.
2., based on the individual precisely spraying control equipment of fruit tree of RFID, it is characterized in that, comprising:
RFID module, based on the electronic tag be arranged on fruit tree, wirelessly realizes the individual identification of fruit tree, and by the numbered transmission of reading to core processor module;
Core processor module, receives the transmission information of RFID module, and matches with the prescription information of internal memory, exports control signal to spraying control module accordingly according to different prescription;
Spraying control module, comprise the spraying machine magnetic valve connecting core processor module control signal and the turbine flow transducer being arranged at spraying machine nozzle position place, the opening and closing time of spraying machine magnetic valve is controlled by described control signal, turbine flow transducer gathers nozzle position real-time traffic, and be back to core processor module and compare with the setting drug dose in prescription information, realize the real-time monitoring to control signal, realize precisely operating;
Described prescription information comprises fruit tree numbering, fruit variety, medicine name and drug dose, carries out pairing according to fruit tree numbering and identifies with numbering from the reading of RFID module.
3. the individual precisely spraying control equipment of the fruit tree based on RFID according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described RFID module with hyperfrequency read-write chip AS3990 for core, transmit and to amplify through power amplifier by after hyperfrequency read-write chip AS3990 transmitting, sent by ceramic antenna through isolator again, thus improve reading/writing distance; After Received signal strength is received by ceramic antenna, deliver to the input of hyperfrequency read-write chip AS3990 through isolator, after mixing, gain, filtering, digitlization, deliver to core processor module by RS232 serial ports.
4. the individual precisely spraying control equipment of the fruit tree based on RFID according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described hyperfrequency read-write chip AS3990 is circumscribed with a voltage controlled oscillator, to reduce phase noise, improves chip stability.
5. the individual precisely spraying control equipment of the fruit tree based on RFID according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described core processor module with risc processor S3C2440 for core.
6. the individual precisely spraying control equipment of the fruit tree based on RFID according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprise the user interactive module connecting core processor module, for arranging spray medicine parameter, and display spray medicine parameter and prescription information.
7. the individual precisely spraying control equipment of the fruit tree based on RFID according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described electronic tag is passive electronic label, adopts frequency hopping mode of operation.
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| CN104331722B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2018-04-03 | 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所 | A kind of orchard environment spray drug operation information self-recording unit and method |
| CN105511426A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-20 | 陈华 | Automatic processing method, apparatus, and system for crop growth |
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| CN111436413A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-07-24 | 浙江科技学院 | Agricultural spraying device based on RFID and control method thereof |
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| CN111841938B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏大学 | Low-cost spray pressure and flow integrated intelligent detection device and method |
| CN112842568B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2023-07-25 | 桂林市啄木鸟医疗器械有限公司 | Root canal preparation machine |
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