CN103460914B - A kind of Simple storage method of rice paddy seed - Google Patents
A kind of Simple storage method of rice paddy seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103460914B CN103460914B CN201310440789.8A CN201310440789A CN103460914B CN 103460914 B CN103460914 B CN 103460914B CN 201310440789 A CN201310440789 A CN 201310440789A CN 103460914 B CN103460914 B CN 103460914B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Simple storage method of rice paddy seed, comprising: 10 ~ 15d after the maturation of rice paddy seed field, when seed moisture content reaches 20 ~ 24%, results; The mode that the seed of results adopts natural drying, mechanical drying or natural drying to combine with mechanical drying is controlled moisture not higher than 18%; Adopt machinery to remove flat grain, dead leaf and grass-seed impurity, adopt woven bag packaging 60kg/ bag; Seed woven bag is deposited in bin storage, and wherein, stacking mode is wall-piling, piles high 5-8m, surrounding's spacing of seed heap, and stay ventilating duct with layer every 3 ~ 4 woven bags, bilevel ventilating duct staggers; Normal temperature is preserved, and is monthly exhausted 24h to warehouse 1 time; During seed sale, mechanical drying to water content is 14.5% again.This invention ensures that germination rate is not less than 90% at seeding time, effectively alleviate the contradiction of the large and mechanical drying scarce capacity of seed harvest harvest yield in season, reducing costs and ensureing the quality of seed of maximum possible, has good practicality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant seed Techniques of preserving field, be specifically related to a kind of Simple storage method of rice paddy seed.
Background technology
Seed is one of most important means of production of agricultural production, and moisture, germination rate are one of seed national quality kind substandards, and the height of seed moisture content has influence on the germination rate height of seed, is kept the germination rate of seed by the height controlling seed moisture content.
Since eighties of last century the eighties, rural area is carried out and to be fixed farm output quotas for each household the contract system of responsibility linked to production, and peasant's area that tills the land is little, and small size tills the land and result also in seminal propagation base small scale, do not concentrate in flakes.Seed-breeding base relates to that breeding peasant household is many, and area is little, but peasant household's seeding amount is beneficial to seed airing less, is dried by seed in the short period of time, and the sowing period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m reaches seed moisture content standard, and the seed storage mode by specification after warehouse-in is stored.Since entering this century, along with the appearance of " seed law ", a collection of large-scale Seed enterprises is shown one's talent, and seed produces scale continues to increase.In recent years, land transformation was carried out in rural area, and soil is concentrated to farming rich and influential family.Seed-breeding field is also concentrated to farming rich and influential family.Paddy rice is one of main crops of China, and traditional rice paddy seed produces moisture control model can not adapt to current need of production.Traditional seed moisture content controls the deficiency mainly containing the following aspects:
1, seed airing can not be satisfied the demand, and seed, mostly at hundreds of mu or thousands of mu, is shone by large-area threshing ground impossible in the seminal propagation base of large plantation family's plantation.
2, along with rural laborer shifts to city, surplus rural labor force reduces, and a large amount of seed teds and needs a large amount of artificial, and labour can not be guaranteed.
3, traditional seed granary is that long-term storage designs, and it is high that cost is built in warehouse.
4, there is the short contradiction long with airing drying time harvest time.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of Simple storage method of rice paddy seed, the contradiction of the large and mechanical drying scarce capacity of effective alleviation seed harvest harvest yield in season, reducing costs and ensureing the quality of seed of maximum possible, makes it meet the Seed storage demand of seed produces and sale enterprise.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A Simple storage method for rice paddy seed, comprising:
(1) 10 ~ 15d after the maturation of rice paddy seed field, when seed moisture content reaches 20 ~ 24%, results;
(2) mode that the seed of results adopts natural drying, mechanical drying or natural drying to combine with mechanical drying is controlled moisture not higher than 18%;
(3) adopt machinery to remove flat grain, dead leaf and grass-seed impurity and reach more than 98% to cleanliness, adopt woven bag packaging 60kg/ bag;
(4) seed woven bag is deposited in bin storage, and wherein, stacking mode is wall-piling, piles high 5-8m, surrounding's spacing of seed heap, and stay ventilating duct with layer every 3 ~ 4 woven bags, bilevel ventilating duct staggers;
(5) normal temperature is preserved, and is monthly exhausted 24h to warehouse 1 time;
(6), during seed sale, mechanical drying to water content is 14.5% again.
During mechanical drying, it is 42 ~ 44 DEG C that temperature controls, and is preferably 44 DEG C.
Controlling moisture is 15 ~ 18%, is preferably 18%.
Warehouse height 9.8m, wide 13m, long 75m, be steel girder frame structure, top layer is battenboard, and base portion 4 meters is brick wall, and top is steel-plate enclosure, and under eaves, surrounding leaves 30cm loop vent band.
After seed warehouse-in, pile high 8m, wide 12.5m, laterally stay ventilating opening every four bag positions, the wide 20cm of ventilating opening with layer, longitudinally stay one ventilating duct to every 4m, the wide 20cm of ventilating duct.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the Simple storage method of rice paddy seed of the present invention, ensure that germination rate is not less than 90% at seeding time, effective reduction seed management cost, the contradiction of effective alleviation autumn harvest artificial anxiety in season and harvest time anxiety, avoid manually tedding a large amount of artificial waste caused, effectively avoid existing threshing ground not enough and because of weather reason cause a large amount of seed cannot airing contradiction and harvest time the short contradiction long with airing drying time.Meet the need of production of Seed enterprises, reducing costs and ensureing the quality of seed of maximum possible, has good practicality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
What Fig. 1 was bake out temperature on germination rate and drying time affects result figure;
Fig. 2 is the germination rate result figure that different moisture content rice paddy seed is saved in April next year;
Fig. 3 is that different piling mode affects result figure to germination rate;
Fig. 4 is that the different discharge frequency of duration of storage affects result figure to germination rate.
Embodiment
Illustrate the present invention further below in conjunction with specific embodiment, this embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, should understand these modes and only be not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
By the seed newly gathered in the crops (connecting No. 7, round-grained rice), adopt the mode of mechanical drying dry, wherein, the temperature of drying machinery is set as 42 DEG C, 43 DEG C, 44 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 46 DEG C, 47 DEG C, 48 DEG C respectively, get each 1000kg(water content 22% of same batch of seeds of new results respectively), all dry to water content 14.5% by the temperature of setting.The drying time of record each sample, detects the germination rate of each sample.
As shown in Figure 1, when temperature is for being set as 42 DEG C, after drying, germination rate is the highest, but required drying time is the longest for result; When temperature is for being set as 44 DEG C, after drying germination rate and temperature be set as 42 DEG C and 43 DEG C compare difference remarkable (
p < 0.05), but be significantly higher than the germination rate of temperature setting thereafter, and the time of baking needed is relatively short.Therefore mechanical drying temperature is selected to be 44 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
The seed newly gathered in the crops is connected (then October) after round-grained rice No. 7 rice seed 100kg impurity elimination, respectively at dry at 44 DEG C to water content be after 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, pack with Polywoven Bag respectively and be placed in warehouse, each process uses plastic film covering respectively, and normal temperature is preserved.April next year checks germination rate respectively.
As shown in Figure 2, when water content is 19%, germination rate is 86% to result, only higher than national minimum standard 1 percentage point; When water content is 18% and 17%, germination rate is respectively 92% and 93%, and difference is not remarkable therebetween; When water content is 16% and 15%, germination rate is respectively 95% and 96%, and difference is not remarkable therebetween.Consider other risk factors and cost factor, determine that 18% for suitable storage water content.
Embodiment 3
The seed of new results is connected (then October) after the 60000 kilograms of impurity eliminations of round-grained rice No. 7 rice seed, 44 DEG C of mechanical dryings are to water content 18%, employing Polywoven Bag is packed, every bag of 60kg, 3 batches (often criticizing 20,000 kilograms) are divided into be stored in same warehouse, often criticize seed and adopt a kind of piling mode: piling mode I adopts wall-piling, and every layer is stayed ventilation hole; Piling mode II adopts wall-piling, and every layer is not stayed ventilation hole; Piling mode III is closely stack.April next year checks percentage of seedgermination.
As shown in Figure 3, piling mode I effect is best for result, and piling mode II is taken second place, and piling mode III effect is the poorest.
Embodiment 4
The seed newly gathered in the crops is connected (then October) after the 80000 kilograms of impurity eliminations of round-grained rice No. 7 rice seed, 44 DEG C of mechanical dryings are to water content 18%, employing Polywoven Bag is packed, every bag of 60kg, piling mode I is adopted to preserve 20,000 kilograms respectively in 4 in the same size but different warehouses, adopt first quarter moon 1 time, January 1 time, February 1 time and the ventilation of 1 time in March respectively, ventilate 24h at every turn.April next year checks percentage of seedgermination.
Result as shown in Figure 4, every first quarter moon 1 time exhaust and January 1 exhaust effect better, and difference is remarkable therebetween, therefore selects be vented for 1 time January.
Embodiment 5
As 10-15d after the maturation of rice paddy seed field, when water consumpation reaches 20 ~ 24%, use Kubo field, foreign horse grain header results.When weather is fine, be transported to cement threshing ground by bulk for the seed of results, scene is shone thickness can keep 10 cm, teds to 18% moisture; Meet rainy weather and then all adopt mechanical drying, during mechanical drying, temperature controls is 44 DEG C.
Machinery is first adopted to remove flat grain and the impurity such as dead leaf, grass-seed (about 10%); Then Polywoven Bag packaging 60kg/ bag is adopted; Adopt piling mode I (the employing wall-piling of embodiment 3, every layer is stayed ventilation hole) seed is deposited in simple warehouse by mode, and seed is piled and to be obtained the 20cm of spacing around, piles high 5-8m, width stays twice ventilating duct at 10 ~ 15 meters, and seed heap is high to be piled with on one deck of 3 ~ 4 meters high; Normal temperature is preserved, and is monthly exhausted 24h to warehouse 1 time; During seed sale (3 ~ April of next year) again mechanical drying to water content 14.5%, and carry out spermatophore dress after listing.
This rice paddy seed storage method ensure that germination rate is not less than 90% at seeding time, effective reduction seed management cost, the contradiction of effective alleviation autumn harvest artificial anxiety in season and harvest time anxiety, avoid manually tedding a large amount of artificial waste caused, effectively avoid existing threshing ground not enough and because of weather reason causes a large amount of seed cannot the contradiction of airing.Meet the need of production of Seed enterprises, there is good practicality.
Embodiment 6
Within 2009, Jiangsu gold ten thousand standing grain agricultural science and technology Co., Ltds connect No. 7, round-grained rice, peaceful No. 4, round-grained rice in Dong Xin farm, Lianyungang of Jiangsu city breeding rice seed round-grained rice kind, and area is 5600 mu.The field rice maturing stage was about 20 days October then, the said firm's seed-breeding field rice paddy seed October 30 to November 3 between results, at field seed moisture content 20% ~ 25%, gather in the crops the cement threshing ground airing 1 ~ 2d at this farm Seed-breeding base, airing thickness is at 5-10cm, moisture is down to 18% ~ 20%, then with mechanical drying to moisture 18%.
Machinery is first adopted to remove flat grain and the impurity such as dead leaf, grass-seed (about 10%); Then Polywoven Bag packaging 80 ~ 90kg/ bag is adopted; Adopt piling mode I (the employing wall-piling of embodiment 3, every layer is stayed ventilation hole) seed is deposited in simple warehouse by mode, seed simple warehouse height 9.8m, wide 13m, long 75m, for steel girder frame structure, top layer is battenboard, and base portion 4m is brick wall, top is steel-plate enclosure, under eaves, surrounding leaves 30cm loop vent band, and warehouse moves towards East and West direction, and there is door and window in north-south, warehouse.
After seed warehouse-in, pile high 8m, wide 12.5m, laterally stay ventilating opening (about 20cm) every four bag positions with layer, longitudinally stay one ventilating duct every 4m, ventilating duct wide (about 20cm), the corresponding door and window of ventilating duct.Seed packet is paved with in case seed heap collapses at five meters of high last layers.Top should be pressed ministerial standard and be left ventilating duct, pushes up most two-layerly not stay ventilating opening.
Normal temperature is preserved, and is monthly exhausted 24h to warehouse 1 time; During seed sale (3 ~ April of next year) again mechanical drying to water content 14.5%, and carry out spermatophore dress after listing.After testing, this rice paddy seed storage method ensure that germination rate is not less than 90% at seeding time.
Claims (6)
1. a Simple storage method for rice paddy seed, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) 10 ~ 15d after the maturation of rice paddy seed field, when seed moisture content reaches 20 ~ 24%, results;
(2) mode that the seed of results adopts natural drying, mechanical drying or natural drying to combine with mechanical drying is controlled moisture 15-18%;
(3) adopt machinery to remove flat grain, dead leaf and grass-seed impurity, adopt woven bag packaging 60kg/ bag;
(4) seed woven bag is deposited in bin storage, and wherein, stacking mode is wall-piling, piles high 5-8m, surrounding's spacing of seed heap, and stay ventilating duct with layer every 3 ~ 4 woven bags, bilevel ventilating duct staggers;
(5) normal temperature is preserved, and is monthly exhausted 24h to warehouse 1 time;
(6), during seed sale, mechanical drying to water content is 14.5% again.
2. the Simple storage method of rice paddy seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), during mechanical drying, and it is 42 ~ 44 DEG C that temperature controls.
3. the Simple storage method of rice paddy seed according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in step (2), during mechanical drying, and it is 44 DEG C that temperature controls.
4. the Simple storage method of rice paddy seed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), and controlling moisture is 18%.
5. the Simple storage method of rice paddy seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (4), warehouse height 9.8m, wide 13m, long 75m, for steel girder frame structure, top layer is battenboard, base portion 4m is brick wall, and top is steel-plate enclosure, and under eaves, surrounding leaves 30cm loop vent band.
6. the Simple storage method of rice paddy seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (4), after seed warehouse-in, pile high 8m, wide 12.5m, laterally ventilating opening is stayed every four bag positions with layer, the wide 20cm of ventilating opening, longitudinally stays one ventilating duct every 4 meters, the wide 20cm of ventilating duct.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104126661B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-03-16 | 巢湖春友种业科技有限公司 | The cold storage method of a kind of paddy rice seed rice |
| CN106258243A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-01-04 | 郑浩生 | A kind of more summer storage practice of corn seed |
| CN106717262A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽华安种业有限责任公司 | A kind of rice paddy seed drying means |
| CN106719605A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽华安种业有限责任公司 | A kind of rice paddy seed storage method |
| CN109197176A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-15 | 江西省农业科学院 | A kind of storage practice of japonica rice seed |
| CN109526413A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-29 | 袁米农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Simple storage method of barley seed |
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| CN101292596A (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method for preserving jatopha curcas seed |
| CN102714986A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-10 | 合肥三丰种子有限公司 | Method for storing rice seeds |
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| JP4867075B2 (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2012-02-01 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Storage that can control humidity and / or oxygen gas concentration in the storage |
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| CN101292596A (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2008-10-29 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method for preserving jatopha curcas seed |
| CN102714986A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-10 | 合肥三丰种子有限公司 | Method for storing rice seeds |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 如何贮藏储备杂交水稻种子;黄双鲤;《福建农业》;20120731(第7期);9-10 * |
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Inventor after: Qian Xinghua Inventor after: Yan Fumin Inventor after: Liu Jiankun Inventor after: Shen Huaiying Inventor after: Zhang Shouzheng Inventor before: Hua Guodong Inventor before: Li Guanxi Inventor before: Wen Yibin Inventor before: Meng Delong Inventor before: Wang Duoming Inventor before: Liu Hui |
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Effective date of registration: 20170425 Address after: 675000 Yunnan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Chuxiong province Chuxiong City No. 258 Po Yi is the first floor of the hotel Patentee after: Yunnan Chuyuan SEED Industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100000 Beijing city Chaoyang District Albemarle Road No. 12 Chaowai room 801 8 Patentee before: Beijing Gao Hang United Technology Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20170425 Address after: 100000 Beijing city Chaoyang District Albemarle Road No. 12 Chaowai room 801 8 Patentee after: Beijing Gao Hang United Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Sinpo District of Jiangsu city of Lianyungang province Lian Hai road 222000 No. 26 Patentee before: LIANYUNGANG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES |
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Granted publication date: 20151118 |