CN1034605C - 用于扩展离心式压缩机的特性曲线的稳定装置 - Google Patents

用于扩展离心式压缩机的特性曲线的稳定装置 Download PDF

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CN1034605C
CN1034605C CN93120889A CN93120889A CN1034605C CN 1034605 C CN1034605 C CN 1034605C CN 93120889 A CN93120889 A CN 93120889A CN 93120889 A CN93120889 A CN 93120889A CN 1034605 C CN1034605 C CN 1034605C
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ring
impeller
compressor
casing
blade
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CN1096858A (zh
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K·海因里希
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ABB Schweiz Holding AG
ABB AB
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Asea Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/284Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for compressors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4213Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于扩展离心式压缩机的特性曲线的稳定装置包含永久性地连接在叶轮(3)的叶轮叶片(2)上的环圈(1)和压缩机机壳(4)中呈旋转对称沟槽形状的凹槽(5),环圈局限在叶轮的入口区域并在叶轮旋转时在凹槽内围绕着叶轮的轴线转动,在环圈与机壳壁之间只存在一个刚足够来避免环圈与壁相碰的很小的间隙。藉此装置防止从叶片的高压侧到低压侧的隙流的形成,提高了压缩机的效率与扩宽了其特性曲线,同时降低了叶片上的振动负荷。

Description

用于扩展离心式压缩机的特性曲线的稳定装置
本发明涉及用于扩展离心式压缩机的特性曲线的一种稳定装置,该装置包括永久性地连接在叶轮叶片上面的环圈和在压缩机机壳中呈旋转对称沟槽状的凹槽。
一般都知道,在离心式压缩机叶轮旋转期间,叶轮叶片的回转着的外边缘与固定的机壳之间会出现隙流,此隙流自叶片高压一侧朝低压一侧发生。此隙流与离心叶轮入口部份中其他流动现象一起会导致涡流。由于这种涡流,压缩机的的效率降低了,压缩机特性曲线的稳定范围变窄了。
采用涡轮式压缩机时,试图随着流量的增大获得不带迟滞的、平稳下降的特征曲线,以便在部份加载运转期间获得高度可靠性。这种连续的特性曲线被称作是稳定的。不过,随着在设计点处压力比的增大,在部份加载的情况下获得稳定特性曲线就变得比较困难了。因此,就无法借助于附加的稳定装置以生成所需要的稳定特性曲线。
例如,专利说明书CH675279中所描述的稳定装置包括离心压缩机机壳中的一道凹槽,稳定环圈同这道凹槽结成一体。凹槽和稳定环圈都配置在叶轮的前方和主流道的外侧。稳定环圈的外围有许多稳定叶片,都固定在凹槽的内围上面。这种解决办法的缺点在于,机壳、环圈和稳定叶片的构造都很复杂。此外,入口区域中叶轮叶片上的振动载荷,本来在一般情况下就是很大的,又因这种稳定附件而进一步增大了。
本申请人知道一种缩小了方才提到的那些缺点的稳定装置。此装置包含一个永久性地连接在叶轮叶片上面的环圈,在环圈和压缩机机壳之间布置了一条比较大的径向重复循环通路。在压缩机强烈减压时,在该处是可能形成重复循环流动的,这就有助于稳定特性曲线。环圈在径向和切向两个方向上支承着叶片入口边缘,借此减小了叶片的振动。这种解决办法的缺点在于,需要较大的重复循环通路,而且对于许多离心式压缩机来说,事实上并不需要很强的重复循环。
因此,本发明的一个目的是避免所有这些缺点,防止形成在压缩机叶轮入口区域从叶片一侧向另一侧的破坏性隙流,并且借此通过稳定流动状况以扩展压缩机特性曲线,同时消除叶轮入口区域中的振动问题。
按照本发明,此目的是以如下方式达到的:稳定装置包含一个永久性地连接在叶轮叶片上面的环圈和一个在压缩权机壳中呈旋转对称沟槽状的凹槽,环圈在叶轮入口区域中的连接方式是:叶轮旋转时环圈可围绕着叶轮的轴线转动,在环圈与机壳壁部之间只存在一个刚足够避免环圈与壁相碰的很小的间隙。
本发明的优点尤其在以下一点上可以看出:在叶轮入口部份中没有涡流或仅有程度很小的涡流出现。这就导致了压缩机效率提高和压缩机特性曲线的稳定区域扩宽。同时,叶片由环圈在切向和径向支承着,以致振动载荷减小了。由于环圈只局限于叶轮入口部份以及在该处半径小于叶轮出口处的半径,离心载荷就比较小,从而是可以承受得住的。
参照以下的结合附图的详细叙述,本发明及其附带的许多优点就能得到更好的认识和理解;附图中利用离心式压缩机体现了本发明的一项实施例,唯一的图显示了带稳定装置的离心式压缩机的部份剖面。
现在参照附图,其中只画出了对了解本发明不可或缺的那些构件,工作介质的流动方向用箭头标出;图中显示了带有符合本发明的稳定装置的离心式压缩机的一部份。
离心式式压缩机包括机壳4和叶轮3。叶轮3配有环圈1,呈短罩板状永久性地连接在叶轮叶片2上面。这种罩板局限于叶轮3的入口部份。压缩机机壳4中有一条呈旋转对称沟槽状的凹槽5。
凹槽5的尺寸与环圈1的尺寸的匹配方式是:在叶轮3旋转期间,环圈1可以在凹槽5中围绕着叶轮的轴线转动,但是在环圈1与机壳4的壁部之间只存在一个刚足够来避免环圈与壁相碰的很小的间隙。这种很小的间隙,例如也存在于叶轮叶片2的上边缘与机壳4的壁部之间。
环圈1在径向和切向支承着叶片入口边缘。这样就导致了叶片振动幅度大大减小,以及叶片上的机械载荷降低。由于环圈1局限于叶轮3的入口部份,此处半径显著地小于叶轮出口处的半径,因而环圈的离心载荷也显著地降低一些。从而可以被承受得住。环圈1因离心力过大而破坏的现象从而不会出现。
与叶轮3一起在凹槽5中旋转的环圈1可防止在隙流会有助于形成破坏性涡流的叶轮区域内形成越过叶片外边缘的隙流。由于这一点,涡流根本就不会出现,或者仅仅在很小的程度上出现。采用这种装置可以提高压缩机的效率和扩宽压缩机特性曲线的稳定范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种用于扩展离心式压缩机的特性曲线的稳定装置,这种稳定装置包含一个永久性地连接到叶轮叶片上的环圈和一个在离心式压缩机的机壳内呈旋转对称沟槽形状的凹槽,其特征在于,该环圈在叶轮的入口区域连接成使得环圈在叶轮旋转时在凹槽内围绕着叶轮的轴线转动,在环圈与机壳壁之间只存在一个刚足够来避免环圈与壁相碰的很小的间隙。
CN93120889A 1992-12-08 1993-12-08 用于扩展离心式压缩机的特性曲线的稳定装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1034605C (zh)

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EP92120867A EP0601227B1 (de) 1992-12-08 1992-12-08 Stabilierungseinrichtung zur Kennfelderweiterung eines Verdichters
EP92120867.4 1992-12-08

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US (1) US5375974A (zh)
EP (1) EP0601227B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH06235398A (zh)
KR (1) KR940015291A (zh)
CN (1) CN1034605C (zh)
CZ (1) CZ283127B6 (zh)
DE (1) DE59208865D1 (zh)
PL (1) PL172608B1 (zh)

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WO2019087389A1 (ja) 2017-11-06 2019-05-09 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 遠心圧縮機及びこの遠心圧縮機を備えたターボチャージャ
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JPH06235398A (ja) 1994-08-23
US5375974A (en) 1994-12-27
EP0601227A1 (de) 1994-06-15
PL301303A1 (en) 1994-06-13
CZ283127B6 (cs) 1998-01-14
EP0601227B1 (de) 1997-09-03
CN1096858A (zh) 1994-12-28
CZ250393A3 (en) 1994-06-15
KR940015291A (ko) 1994-07-20
PL172608B1 (pl) 1997-10-31
DE59208865D1 (de) 1997-10-09

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