CN103457577B - Nanosecond high-voltage pulse source, Marx generator and circuit simulation model of Marx generator - Google Patents
Nanosecond high-voltage pulse source, Marx generator and circuit simulation model of Marx generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103457577B CN103457577B CN201310413098.9A CN201310413098A CN103457577B CN 103457577 B CN103457577 B CN 103457577B CN 201310413098 A CN201310413098 A CN 201310413098A CN 103457577 B CN103457577 B CN 103457577B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compact nanosecond high-voltage pulse source of a Marx generator, and a peaking circuit in an existing high-voltage pulse source is removed. The compact nanosecond high-voltage pulse source is composed of the Marx generator, a control unit and a high-voltage direct current charging power supply. The Marx generator comprises a shell, a pulse capacitor and a gas spark switch. The shell, the pulse capacitor and the gas spark switch are cylindrical and are coaxially arranged. The shell comprises a metal shell body, an input end insulating supporting cover and an output insulating supporting cover, wherein the input end insulating supporting cover and the output end insulating supporting cover are located at the two ends of the shell body and fixedly connected with the shell body. According to the full-circuit simulation model of the Marx generator, a self-breakdown switch can be simulated with a PSPICE model, when the circuit model is built, the PSPICE module block can be directly called, only few parameters need to be set, and the model is much convenient to use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pulse power, it is related to a kind of high-voltage pulsed source and its Marx generator and Marx occurs
The circuit simulation model of device.
Background technology
Pulse Power Techniques are the technology of research high intensity pulsing electromagnetic field power amplification, and it is stored up in longer time with lower-wattage
Deposit electric field or magnetic field energy, carry out fast energy switching, pulse compression, power amplification followed by various switches, very short
In time, pulse electromagnetic energy is discharged into specific load above that is to say, that being pressed pulse energy in time size
Contracting, to obtain the high-peak power output in very short time.
IEC has promulgated newest standards IEC61000-2-10 of EMP waveform within 1996, that is, pulse rise time 2.3 ±
0.5ns, halfwidth 23 ± 5ns.The American army mark MIL-STD-461F promulgating for 2007 also uses this standard.The maximum of standard
The ringing pulse electromagnetic field rise time that feature is required accelerates, and pulsewidth narrows.
For this research and develop compact ns high voltage pulse source, for transient electromagnetic field generator provide prime driving source so that
The electromagnetic environment producing meets standard regulation, related with military satellite for development strategic weapons system, new and high technology armament systems
HEMP effect and its Survivability Evaluation examination technical research provide basis and ensure, this high-voltage pulsed source also can be made simultaneously
Prime driving source for other certain loads.
Content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of compact ns high voltage pulse source, and antenna load can be driven to produce transient electromagnetic in space
, ringing pulse electromagnetic field has a rise time and accelerates, the feature that pulsewidth narrows.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of Marx generator, including housing, impulse capacitor, gas spark switch, it is characterized in that：Described shell
Body, impulse capacitor, gas spark switch are cylinder, and three is coaxially disposed,
Described housing include metal body and the input insulating supporting lid being fixedly connected with body positioned at body two ends and
Outfan insulating supporting lid,
The high voltage input terminal of described impulse capacitor is connected near input insulating supporting lid and with DC voltage leading-in end,
The high-voltage output end of described impulse capacitor is connected with the high-field electrode of gas spark switch, the low pressure of described gas spark switch
Electrode is connected near outfan insulating supporting lid and with the high-voltage output end positioned at outfan insulating supporting outer side of lid,
The high-voltage output end of described impulse capacitor is enclosed within the center in the hole of the ground connection disk in housing, and by positioned at height
The annular connecting plate of pressure output is fixedly connected with ground connection disk.
Also include the pedestal positioned at housing supported underneath housing.
A kind of compact ns high voltage pulse source, it is characterized in that：Including control unit, HVDC charge power supply
And Marx generator,
Described control unit includes electric control unit and gas circuit control unit, and described electric control unit is used to control
The combined floodgate of HVDC charge power supply switch, separating brake, high-pressure lifting, the output voltage of real-time monitoring HVDC charge power supply；
Described gas circuit control unit is used for realizing being effectively isolated and turning on of the gas spark switch of Marx generator,
Described HVDC charge power supply charges for Marx generator,
Described Marx generator, including housing, impulse capacitor, gas spark switch, described housing, impulse capacitor,
Gas spark switch is cylinder, and three is coaxially disposed,
Described housing include metal body and the input insulating supporting lid being fixedly connected with body positioned at body two ends and
Outfan insulating supporting lid,
The high voltage input terminal of described impulse capacitor is connected near input insulating supporting lid and with DC voltage leading-in end,
The high-voltage output end of described impulse capacitor is connected with the high-field electrode of gas spark switch, the low pressure of described gas spark switch
Electrode is connected near outfan insulating supporting lid and with the high-voltage output end positioned at outfan insulating supporting outer side of lid,
The high-voltage output end of described impulse capacitor is enclosed within the center in the hole of the ground connection disk in housing, and by positioned at height
The annular connecting plate of pressure output is fixedly connected with ground connection disk.
Also include the pedestal positioned at housing supported underneath housing.
A kind of Marx generator whole circuit phantom, it is characterized in that：Including electric capacity Cm, inductance Lm, resistance Rm、
Self-breaking switch PSPICE model Switch01, closure switch Switch02, over the ground stray capacitance Cg, earth resistance Rg, pure
Ohmic load Rf,
Described electric capacity Cm, stray capacitance C over the groundg, earth resistance Rg, pure resistor load RfOne end ground connection, described electricity
Hold CmThe other end and stray capacitance C over the groundgThe other end between series inductance Lm, resistance RmAnd Self-breaking switch PSPICE mould
Type Switch01,
Described stray capacitance C over the groundgWith earth resistance RgOther end eutectic point, described earth resistance Rg's
The other end and pure resistor load RfThe other end between connect closure switch Switch02, described pure resistor load RfOpen with closure
Close making alive at the node of Switch02.
Above-mentioned Self-breaking switch PSPICE model Switch01 includes electric arc inductance Ls, arc resistance R, gap capacitance Cs, knot
Structure inductance Lj1, structure inductance Lj2And structure capacitive Cj,
Described structure inductance Lj1, arc resistance R, electric arc inductance Ls, structure inductance Lj2It is sequentially connected in series, described structure capacitive Cj
It is connected on structure inductance Lj1The other end and structure inductance Lj2The other end between, described gap capacitance CsOne end be connected to knot
Structure inductance Lj1And arc resistance R between, the other end of described gap capacitance is connected to electric arc inductance LsWith structure inductance Lj2Between,
Described arc resistance R is variable resistance.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, Marx generator of the present invention, by rational part design and layout, has the characteristics that compact, significantly simultaneously
Reduce the inductance value of generator.
2nd, compact ns high voltage pulse source of the present invention, by reasonably being designed so that high pressure to Marx generator
Pulse source, in the case of saving peaking loop, also can obtain the rise time for 2.3ns, pulse width is 25ns's in load
High-voltage pulse exports, and therefore the present invention has the simple advantage of structure for existing design, and the present invention is to high pressure simultaneously
Three big ingredients of pulse source carry out modularized design so that the present invention have light, be easily moved, can easily be used for not
Benefit with load.
3rd, Marx generator whole circuit phantom of the present invention, adopts PSPICE model to be simulated Self-breaking switch,
When circuit model creates, this PSPICE model block can be directly invoked, for this model it is only necessary to arrange a small number of parameters,
Very easy to use.
Brief description
Fig. 1 generally constitutes block diagram for high-voltage pulsed source；
Fig. 2 is Marx generator；
Fig. 3 is the gas spark switch adopting；
Fig. 4 is the equivalent circuit of high-voltage pulsed source；
Fig. 5 is Marx generator circuit phantom；
Fig. 6 is gas spark switch electrical quantity model；
Fig. 7 is simulation and forecast output waveform.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, high-voltage pulsed source is made up of three parts, including primary energy and pulse generating system and load system
System.Primary energy system is powered (primary energy is powered by power current) by primary energy, is passed through with the energy storage of relatively slow (s magnitude)
Switch produces high voltage or heavy current pulse (μ s magnitude), quickly passes to pulse energy storage component simultaneously, then by switching arteries and veins
Rush shaping and compression, give load by transmission line by pulse electromagnetic energy transmission, ns high voltage pulse is finally produced on load, front
Two parts form high-voltage pulsed source.
Existing ns high voltage pulse source typically rushes compressor circuit using Marx generator+peaking loop or secondary vein and obtains
Fast pulse rise time, and for voltage magnitude 100kV about high-voltage pulsed source, can be by reasonable to Marx generator
Design, makes the total inductance of Marx generator meet certain requirements, and passes through hyperbar, small-gap suture directly to negative using impulse capacitor
The principle of placing electricity is realized.
For making high-voltage pulsed source total inductance amount reach requirement, the present invention is rationally set to the structure of Marx generator
Meter, as shown in Fig. 2 Marx generator includes housing 1, impulse capacitor 2, gas spark switch 3, housing 1, impulse capacitor 2,
Gas spark switch 3 is cylinder, and three is coaxially disposed, and housing 1 includes metal body and is located at body two ends and body
The input insulating supporting lid 4 being fixedly connected and outfan insulating supporting lid 5.
The high voltage input terminal of impulse capacitor is connected near input insulating supporting lid and with DC voltage leading-in end, pulse
The high-voltage output end of capacitor is connected with the high-field electrode of gas spark switch, and the low-field electrode of gas spark switch is near output
Hold insulating supporting lid 5 and be connected with the high-voltage output end positioned at outfan insulating supporting outer side of lid.The high pressure of impulse capacitor is defeated
Go out end be enclosed within housing ground connection disk 7 center in the hole, and by the annular connecting plate 14 at high-voltage output end with connect
Ground disk 7 is fixedly connected.It is provided with the pedestal 6 supporting housing below housing.
Using the compact ns high voltage pulse source of above-mentioned Marx generator, eliminate the peaking in existing high-voltage pulsed source
Loop, is made up of three parts, and that is, Marx generator, control unit, HVDC charge power supply, and three are set using modularity
Meter.
Wherein control unit includes electric control unit and gas circuit control unit, and electric control unit is used to control high pressure
The combined floodgate of DC charging power supply switch, separating brake, high-pressure lifting, the output voltage of real-time monitoring HVDC charge power supply；Gas circuit
Control unit is used for realizing being effectively isolated and turning on of gas spark switch.
HVDC charge power supply is positive 100kV DC source, is to realize high direct voltage output by all wave rectification, then
By charging resistor, the impulse capacitor of Marx generator is charged, when charging reaches predetermined value, gas spark switch punctures
Conducting, impulse capacitor, to load discharge, finally produces high-voltage pulse in load.
Fig. 3 is the structure of gas spark switch of the present invention, mainly includes high-field electrode 11 and high-field electrode base
Seat 10, low-field electrode 13 and low-field electrode pedestal 12, insulating gas chamber 9 and inflation/deflation standard valve 8.Gas spark is opened
The requirement closed is ON time short (less than 5ns), working stability.
Fig. 4 is the equivalent circuit of high-voltage pulsed source, and wherein C is impulse capacitor, and K1 is switch, and L is load, according to Fig. 4's
Equivalent circuit, sets up single order homogeneous differential equation：
Before switch motion, electric capacity charges, and the solution so trying to achieve the differential equation meeting initial condition is：
The voltage on load resistance in circuit is：
According to half-breadth tw of load characteristic impedance and output waveform, the capacitance of capacitor can be calculated according to (3) formula.
In order to assess each composition parameter of high-voltage pulsed source core cell Marx generator in more detail, need to pass through
Further theoretical modeling and simulation calculation, in order to instruct the selection of actual parameter, adopt PSPICE circuit simulating software for this
Set up Marx generator whole circuit phantom, phantom is as shown in figure 5, in model：
Cm：Electric capacity set up by Marx generator；
Lm：Inductance set up by Marx generator；
Switch01：Self-breaking switch PSPICE model；
Switch02：Closure switch；
Cg：Marx generator stray capacitance over the ground；
Rg：Marx generator earth resistance；
Rf：Pure resistor load.
Electric capacity Cm, stray capacitance C over the groundg, earth resistance Rg, pure resistor load RfOne end ground connection, electric capacity CmAnother
One end and stray capacitance C over the groundgThe other end between series inductance Lm, resistance RmAnd Self-breaking switch PSPICE model
Switch01, stray capacitance C over the groundgWith earth resistance RgOther end eutectic point, earth resistance RgThe other end with
Pure resistor load RfThe other end between connect closure switch Switch02, pure resistor load RfWith closure switch Switch02
Making alive at node.
As shown in fig. 6, Self-breaking switch PSPICE model Switch01 includes electric arc inductance Ls, arc resistance R, gap electricity
Hold Cs, structure inductance Lj1, structure inductance Lj2And structure capacitive Cj, structure inductance Lj1, arc resistance R, electric arc inductance Ls, structure
Inductance Lj2It is sequentially connected in series, structure capacitive CjIt is connected on structure inductance Lj1The other end and structure inductance Lj2The other end between,
Gap electric capacity CsOne end be connected to structure inductance Lj1And arc resistance R between, the other end of gap capacitance is connected to electric arc inductance
LsWith structure inductance Lj2Between, arc resistance R is variable resistance, and when switch is in insulation state, arc resistance R is infinity,
And when in the conduction state, being equivalent to short circuit, resistance is close to zero.
During breadboardin, for the parameter of switch, also need to set it and puncture time delay, ON time（Locate
Time scale in conducting state）, the amplitude of breakdown voltage and each electrical quantity.But its structural parameters（Structure inductance Lj1
With Lj2 and structure capacitive Cj）For the switch of same structure, its value is the value of a fixation, running parameter be arc resistance,
Electric arc inductance and gap capacitance, they are related to the steepness of discharge current, voltage, for this reason, combining the topology requirement of software itself,
On-off circuit parameter model is carried out simplifying assembled package.
Detailed process is：First pass through programming, obtain database file * .lib file, then write corresponding * .exe literary composition
Part, and be placed in compiling the file completing within the library archive in software.Finally it is set to global variable.
So when circuit model creates, directly can call switch models, in model it is only necessary to setting a small number of parameters
?.
By the scanning analysis to whole circuit phantom parameters, impulse waveform is gone up in observation analysis load simultaneously, when
When reaching optimal values, fixing parameters value.
As shown in fig. 7, according to whole circuit simulation results, when load impedance chooses 110 Ω, Marx generator design is joined
Number is intended selecting：Electric capacity rated voltage 100kV, capacity：300 ± 3pF, loop inductance parameter is less than 125 ± 10nH, and gas spark is opened
Close ON time and be less than 5ns, load can obtain 2.3ns pulse rise time, the high-voltage pulse of pulse width 25ns is defeated
Go out, you can to obtain the high-voltage pulse of nanosecond 100kV.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of compact ns high voltage pulse source it is characterised in that：Including control unit, HVDC charge power supply and Marx
Generator,
Described control unit includes electric control unit and gas circuit control unit, and described electric control unit is used to control high pressure
The combined floodgate of DC charging power supply switch, separating brake, high-pressure lifting, the output voltage of real-time monitoring HVDC charge power supply；Described
Gas circuit control unit is used for realizing being effectively isolated and turning on of the gas spark switch of Marx generator,
Described HVDC charge power supply charges for Marx generator,
Described Marx generator, including housing (1), impulse capacitor (2), gas spark switch (3), described housing (1), pulse
Capacitor (2), gas spark switch (3) are cylinder, and three is coaxially disposed,
Described housing (1) includes metal body and input insulating supporting lid (4) being fixedly connected positioned at body two ends with body
With outfan insulating supporting lid (5),
The high voltage input terminal of described impulse capacitor (2) connects near input insulating supporting lid (4) and with DC voltage leading-in end
Connect, the high-voltage output end of described impulse capacitor (2) is connected with the high-field electrode of gas spark switch (3), described gas spark
The low-field electrode of switch (3) is near outfan insulating supporting lid (5) and defeated with the high pressure positioned at outfan insulating supporting outer side of lid
Go out end to connect,
The high-voltage output end of described impulse capacitor (2) is enclosed within the center in the hole of the ground connection disk (7) in housing, and by being located at
Annular connecting plate (14) at high-voltage output end is fixedly connected with ground connection disk (7).
2. compact ns high voltage pulse source according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Also include propping up below housing
The pedestal (6) of support housing.
3. a kind of Marx generator whole circuit phantom, described Marx generator, including housing (1), impulse capacitor (2),
Gas spark switch (3), described housing (1), impulse capacitor (2), gas spark switch (3) are cylinder, and three is same
Axle is arranged,
Described housing (1) includes metal body and input insulating supporting lid (4) being fixedly connected positioned at body two ends with body
With outfan insulating supporting lid (5),
The high voltage input terminal of described impulse capacitor (2) connects near input insulating supporting lid (4) and with DC voltage leading-in end
Connect, the high-voltage output end of described impulse capacitor (2) is connected with the high-field electrode of gas spark switch (3), described gas spark
The low-field electrode of switch (3) is near outfan insulating supporting lid (5) and defeated with the high pressure positioned at outfan insulating supporting outer side of lid
Go out end to connect,
The high-voltage output end of described impulse capacitor (2) is enclosed within the center in the hole of the ground connection disk (7) in housing, and by being located at
Annular connecting plate (14) at high-voltage output end is fixedly connected with ground connection disk (7),
It is characterized in that：Including electric capacity Cm, inductance Lm, resistance Rm, Self-breaking switch PSPICE model Switch01, closure switch
Switch02, over the ground stray capacitance Cg, earth resistance Rg, pure resistor load Rf,
Described electric capacity Cm, stray capacitance C over the groundg, earth resistance Rg, pure resistor load RfOne end ground connection, described electric capacity Cm
The other end and stray capacitance C over the groundgThe other end between series inductance Lm, resistance RmAnd Self-breaking switch PSPICE model
Switch01,
Described stray capacitance C over the groundgWith earth resistance RgOther end eutectic point, described earth resistance RgAnother
End and pure resistor load RfThe other end between connect closure switch Switch02, described pure resistor load RfWith closure switch
Making alive at the node of Switch02.
4. Marx generator whole circuit phantom according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：
Described Self-breaking switch PSPICE model Switch01 includes electric arc inductance Ls, arc resistance R, gap capacitance Cs, structure electricity
Sense Lj1, structure inductance Lj2And structure capacitive Cj,
Described structure inductance Lj1, arc resistance R, electric arc inductance Ls, structure inductance Lj2It is sequentially connected in series, described structure capacitive CjSeries connection
In structure inductance Lj1The other end and structure inductance Lj2The other end between, described gap capacitance CsOne end be connected to structure electricity
Sense Lj1And arc resistance R between, the other end of described gap capacitance is connected to electric arc inductance LsWith structure inductance Lj2Between, described
Arc resistance R is variable resistance.
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| CN105891563A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-08-24 | 中国人民解放军63973部队 | High-altitude nuclear explosion electromagnetic pulse standard signal analog device |
| CN105306015B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2018-02-09 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of resonant charging nanosecond forward position impulse current generator |
| CN105223440B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-01-12 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | A kind of method for building up of electromagnetic immunity test system |
| CN110999085B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2023-09-08 | 斯坦格尼斯工业公司 | System and method for parallel identical Marx generators |
| CN107786115B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2024-06-14 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Compact type pulse high-current device |
| CN108335923B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-12-06 | 许继电源有限公司 | Capacitor energy storage unit and high-voltage pulse generator |
| CN109327208B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-12-27 | 西北核技术研究所 | Coaxial Marx generator |
| CN109698682B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2023-02-28 | 西北核技术研究所 | Nanosecond front-edge high-voltage pulse generating device |
| CN110880884B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-01-15 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Output-adjustable nanosecond pulse source based on avalanche triode cascade circuit |
| CN112994658A (en) * | 2021-03-14 | 2021-06-18 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司呼伦贝尔供电公司 | Marx generator-based pulse source with adjustable waveform |
| CN114034952B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-09-22 | 西南科技大学 | Strong electromagnetic pulse simulator with waveform convenient to switch and configuration method thereof |
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| US8004120B2 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2011-08-23 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | High power bipolar pulse generators |
| CN102025348B (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2012-11-14 | 西北核技术研究所 | Switch and capacitor integrated fast frontier nuclear electromagnetic pulse source |
| CN102298108B (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2013-11-06 | 重庆大学 | Impact characteristic simulation test apparatus of earthing device and method thereof |
| CN203423662U (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2014-02-05 | 陕西海泰电子有限责任公司 | High-voltage nanosecond pulse generator, and Marx generator and circuit simulation model thereof |
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Denomination of invention: Nanosecond high-voltage pulse source, Marx generator and circuit simulation model of Marx generator Effective date of registration: 20171108 Granted publication date: 20170208 Pledgee: Bank of Xi'an Limited by Share Ltd West Branch Pledgor: Shaanxi Hitech Electronic Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2017610000140 |