CN103436111A - Preparation method of water-based ultraviolet barrier coating based on ZnO quantum dots - Google Patents

Preparation method of water-based ultraviolet barrier coating based on ZnO quantum dots Download PDF

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CN103436111A
CN103436111A CN2013103223596A CN201310322359A CN103436111A CN 103436111 A CN103436111 A CN 103436111A CN 2013103223596 A CN2013103223596 A CN 2013103223596A CN 201310322359 A CN201310322359 A CN 201310322359A CN 103436111 A CN103436111 A CN 103436111A
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water
zno
coating
qds
ultraviolet
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CN103436111B (en
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周树学
王小龙
武利民
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Fudan University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fine chemicals, and relates to a method for preparing a water-based ultraviolet barrier coating with ZnO quantum dots (QDs). The method comprises the steps that ethanol solutions of zinc salt and lithium hydroxide are subjected to a sol-gel reaction; the ZnO QDs are prepared; ethyl orthosilicate serves as a raw material; the surfaces of the ZnO QDs are coated with a layer of silicon dioxide in situ; ZnO QDs@SiO2 kernel-shell nano particles with the photocatalytic activity inhibited effectively are formed, transferred into water, and composited with water-based film forming resin and a wetting agent; and the water-based ultraviolet barrier coating is formed. The content of ZnO QDs@SiO2 in a dry film is 1-50%, and overall barrier of ultraviolet rays with wavelengths less than 340nm is achieved by adjusting the thickness of the film and the content of ZnO QDs@SiO2. According to the method, the ultraviolet barrier coating is water-based, environment-friendly and non-toxic, is applicable to outdoor bamboo, wood, plastic and the like, and can be used for preparing transparent ultraviolet barrier glass.

Description

A kind of preparation method of the ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO quantum dot
Technical field
The invention belongs to technology of fine chemicals, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of the ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO quantum dot.
Background technology
The aspects such as easily degradable material (polymkeric substance, wood, the bamboo etc.) protection out of doors of transparent violet external shield coating, ultraviolet shielded glass preparation, the ultraviolet ray of indoor light source completely cut off have extensive use, generally by adding UV light absorber to prepare in varnish.UV light absorber generally can be divided into two large classes, and a class is organic uv absorbers, mainly comprises benzophenone class, benzotriazole category, salicylate class, oxanilide class etc.; Another kind of is the inorganic nano uv-absorbing agent, mainly contains titanium dioxide nano-particle, cerium oxide nanoparicles, zinc oxide nano-particle etc.The advantages such as the extinction coefficient of organic uv absorbers is large, shielding efficiency is high, shield wide waveband, the transparency is good, but there are light, poor heat stability, the shortcoming such as volatile, permanent stability are not good, and the organic uv absorbers degradation production has certain toxicity.Although the inorganic nano uv-absorbing agent has outstanding light, thermostability, easily reunite, realize ultraviolet shielded in, easily cause the transparency of coating to descend; Simultaneously, inorganic nano-particle has very strong photocatalytic activity, under ultraviolet effect, can accelerate the aging of polymeric coating and degraded, greatly reduces the work-ing life of coating.Chinese patent CN1412258A has reported by titanium dioxide or zinc oxide nano-powder grinding distribution, then has added preparation uvioresistant coating in polyacrylic resin.Because nano-powder can not reach the primary particle diameter dispersion level fully by grinding, cause the transparency of coating not good.Chinese patent CN101629033A has prepared the cerium oxide nanoparicles of doping calcium with the ultrasonic auxiliary law of carboxymethyl cellulose, and coat to reduce the photocatalytic activity of cerium oxide nanoparicles with the inertia shell, then silane coupling agent is modified, then with the ultraviolet shielded coating of the compound preparation of pure-acrylic emulsion.But in the method, cerium oxide nanoparicles has carried out sintering, and the dispersiveness in coating is not good, and the transparency of coating is low.As can be seen here, still urgently development of the preparation method of the ultraviolet shielded coating of environment-friendly type of high-weatherability, high transparent.
Zinc oxide quantum dot (ZnO QDs) ultraviolet absorption ability is strong, and fluorescent emission intensity is high, and has advantages of nontoxicly, is usually used in the biological fluorescent labelling material, is also the ideal chose of high transparent ultraviolet screener coating with the inorganic nano uv-absorbing agent.As, Li etc. are compound by ZnO QDs and fluoropolymer resin, prepared transparent violet external shield coating (S. Li, et al, adv. Mater., 2007,19,4347).But, do not consider the photocatalytic activity of ZnO QDs in this research, and coating system is solvent-borne type.By amphipathic nature polyalcohol and tensio-active agent to the coating of ZnO QDs (N. R. Jana, et al, chem. Commun., 2007,1406; H. M. Xiong, et al, j. Am. Chem. Soc., 2008,130,7522; X. Tang, et al, langmuir2009,25,5271.), can improve the water-soluble of ZnO QDs, but due to the photocatalytic activity of ZnO QDs, under the irradiation of UV-light, these amphipathic nature polyalcohols and tensio-active agent are easy to decompose, and cause ZnO QDs unstability, can't be for the preparation of high-weatherability, the ultraviolet shielded coating of high transparent water-based.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing the ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based of high-weatherability, high transparent based on ZnO QDs.Specifically comprise the following steps:
Take respectively zinc salt and lithium hydroxide, ultrasonication fully is dissolved in dehydrated alcohol, then the ethanolic soln of the two is mixed to 60-78 ℃ of stirring reaction 3-10 h., obtain the dispersion liquid of ZnO QDs in ethanol.Add tetraethoxy and deionized water in ZnO QDs alcohol dispersion liquid, ultrasonicly fully mix, stirring at room is reacted 6 h, can obtain SiO 2clading ZnO QDs(ZnO QDs@SiO 2) dispersion liquid, by centrifugation, washing, by ZnO QDs@SiO 2transfer is dispersed in water, obtains ZnO QDs@SiO 2aqueous dispersions, then mix by a certain percentage with waterborne film-forming resin, wetting agent, after fully stirring, obtain the ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based.This coating can be coated on the substrate surfaces such as bamboo and wood, plastics, glass, and cryodrying is processed, and can obtain transparent violet external shield coating.
The ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO QDs of the present invention, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that ZnO QDs is 1-10 nm.Particle diameter is too little, is difficult for preparation, crystallinity deterioration, and the uv-absorbing ability weakens; Particle diameter is too large, and light scattering effect strengthens, and is unfavorable for preparing transparent violet external shield coating.
The ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO QDs of the present invention, the mol ratio that it is characterized in that zinc salt and lithium hydroxide is 1:4-2:3, temperature of reaction is 60-78 ℃.Wherein zinc salt is a kind of in zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and zinc acetate, has advantages of that cost is low, nontoxic.
The ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO QDs of the present invention, is characterized in that adopting SiO 2clading ZnO QDs, can effectively suppress the photocatalytic activity of ZnO QDs, can improve its dispersiveness in water, is conducive to its application in water-borne coatings simultaneously.SiO 2coating layer is by tetraethoxy in the preparation of ZnO QDs dispersion liquid situ sol-gel method, and wherein tetraethoxy adds by Si:Zn mol ratio 1-3 in 24 h after ZnO QDs preparation.The tetraethoxy add-on is very few, easily causes ZnO QDs to coat not exclusively, and photocatalytic activity can't effectively be completely cut off, and add-on is too much, easily causes ZnO QDs@SiO 2reunion between nanoparticle, even dispersion liquid system gel.Tetraethoxy add opportunity excessively late, ZnO QDs will become large because of Ostwald's ageing particle diameter, be unfavorable for the preparation of transparent violet external shield coating.
The ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO QDs of the present invention, is characterized in that adopted waterborne film-forming resin is one or more the mixture in benzene emulsion, pure-acrylic emulsion, organosilicon crylic acid latex, waterborne polyurethane resin, water-based organic-inorganic hybrid resin.
The ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO QDs of the present invention, is characterized in that adopted wetting agent is one or more the mixture in the aqueous wetting agents such as DISPERBYK-2010, DISPERBYK-2015, Hydropalat 875, WET265, WET500, DISPERBYK-346, DISPERBYK-349, BYK380N, BYK-381, EFKA3030, EFKA3034, EFKA3500, EFKA3570.
The ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO QDs of the present invention, is characterized in that the content range of ZnO QDs in dry coating is 1-50%, is preferably 2-30%, and the best is 5-20%.If ZnO QDs consumption is very few, ultraviolet shielded DeGrain; If consumption is excessive, the transparency of coating starts to reduce.
The coating of gained of the present invention can be coated on the substrate surfaces such as bamboo and wood, plastics, glass, and after drying, film has efficient uv-shielding capacity below wavelength 340 nm, simultaneously, at visible region, the high transparent close with the virgin resin coating is arranged.Because the photocatalytic activity of ZnO QDs is effectively completely cut off, no longer organic composition is produced to photocatalysis in filming, the weathering resistance of filming is good, the uv-shielding capacity long-term stability.
The ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO QDs of the present invention, advantage is:
(1) water-based, environmental protection, ZnO QDs quantum dot uv-absorbing agent itself is nontoxic, stable; (2) raw material economics adopted, the equipment of use is simple, preparation method's easy handling; (3) can the ultraviolet ray of full-shield wavelength below 340 nm, simultaneously, film and can keep being similar to the high transparent that virgin resin is filmed; (4) the resulting ZnO QDs of the present invention@SiO 2can weaken widely the photocatalytic activity of ZnO QDs, the permanent stability of the uv-shielding capacity of filming are good.
testing method:
(1) photocatalytic activity testing method: by ZnO QDs and ZnO QDs@SiO 2be distributed to respectively (10 mg/L) in the rhodamine B aqueous solution, in the situation that stir, after the high voltage mercury lamp radiation different time with 150 W, sampling, centrifugation, the uv-visible absorption spectra of test soln.
(2) uv-shielding capacity testing method: straight polymer coating and ultraviolet shielded coating are covered respectively to the resin coating surface containing rhodamine B, be placed in the accelerated deterioration instrument, after the aging different time, test is containing the resin-coated ultraviolet-visible transmitted spectrum of rhodamine B.
(3) weathering resistance testing method: ultraviolet shielded painting is placed in the accelerated deterioration instrument, after the aging different time, tests its ultraviolet-visible transmitted spectrum; Testing tool: the QUV/Se artificial accelerated aging instrument of U.S. Q-Panel company; Test condition: wavelength 310 nm, radiation power 0.71 W/m 2; Cycling program: uv irradiation 4 h, 60 ℃, condensation 4 h, 50 ℃.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1(a) and comparative example 1(b) the middle outward appearance of nanoparticle aqueous dispersions under 365 nm ultra violet lamps.
Fig. 2 is the photocatalytic degradation curve (when absorbancy (0), absorbancy (t) respectively represent start and degraded t min after, the rhodamine B aqueous solution in the absorbancy at 552 nm places) of nanoparticle to rhodamine B in embodiment 1 and comparative example 1.
Fig. 3 is pure the third resin coating (Neat PA) and embodiment 1 floating coat (thickness: ultraviolet-visible transmitted spectrum 350 μ m).
Fig. 4 is embodiment 1(a) and comparative example 1(b) floating coat (thickness: 65 μ m) the forward and backward ultraviolet-visible transmitted spectrum of accelerated deterioration.
Fig. 5 is respectively at straight polymer coating and embodiment 1 medium ultraviolet curtain coating (thickness: under protection 350 μ m); the accelerated deterioration degradation curve of rhodamine B in resin coating (absorbancy (0), absorbancy (t) represent respectively when initial and accelerated deterioration t min after, the absorbancy containing the coating of rhodamine B at 552 nm places).
Embodiment
embodiment 1:
(1) by 1 mmol LiOH .h 2o joins in 50 mL ethanol, and ultrasonic 30 min, fully dissolve it.Add 0.25 mmol Zn (Ac) 2.2H 2o, ultrasonic 5 min, obtain clear solution.Then, this clear solution is heated to 70 ℃, stirring reaction 3 h, can obtain ZnO QDs dispersion liquid.Add 120 μ L tetraethoxys and 400 μ L distilled water successively in this dispersion liquid, sonic oscillation 20 min immediately, stirring at room is reacted 6 h subsequently, obtains ZnO QDs@SiO 2the dispersion liquid of nanoparticle.Add 200 mL normal hexanes in this dispersion liquid, centrifugal, by 15 mL washing with alcohol twice, and be dispersed in water.The aqueous dispersions of this nanoparticle can keep transparent, stable for a long time and (see Fig. 1 a); And in comparative example 1, ZnO QDs is dispersed in water after 10 min and occurs reuniting and deposited phenomenon (seeing Fig. 1 b), show ZnO QDs@SiO 2nanoparticle has good water dispersible.Simultaneously, by ZnO QDs@SiO 2nanoparticle is distributed in the rhodamine B aqueous solution, and after lucifuge stirs 2 h, with after UV-irradiation 80 min, the rhodamine 20%(that degraded is shown in Fig. 2); And adopt in the comparative example 1 of ZnO QDs, after UV-irradiation 80 min, 93% rhodamine B is degraded, and SiO is described 2shell can completely cut off the photocatalytic activity of ZnO QDs effectively.
(2) the nanoparticle aqueous dispersions of step (1) gained is mixed with 2 g pure-acrylic emulsions and 5 mg Hydropalat875, ultrasonic 20 min, obtain the ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based.Then be coated to the silica glass surface, 30 ℃ of drying 48 h, be prepared into two kinds of ultraviolet shielded coatings (ultraviolet-visible spectrum is shown in respectively Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) that thickness is respectively 350 μ m and 65 μ m.The coating that thickness is 65 μ m is after artificial accelerated aging 200 h, and transparency has no any variation and (sees Fig. 4 a), show that ultraviolet shielded coating has good weathering resistance; And comparative example 1 medium ultraviolet curtain coating is after artificial accelerated aging 200 h, transparency has very large decline (seeing Fig. 4 b), and the declaratives polymeric coating is degraded.
embodiment 2:
By 0.4 mmol LiOH .h 2o joins in 50 mL ethanol, and ultrasonic 30 min, fully dissolve it.Add 0.25 mmol Zn (Ac) 2.2H 2o, ultrasonic 5 min, obtain clear solution.Then, this clear solution is heated to 60 ℃, stirring reaction 10 h, can obtain ZnO QDs dispersion liquid.Add 120 μ L tetraethoxys and 300 μ L distilled water successively in this dispersion liquid, sonic oscillation 20 min immediately, stirring at room is reacted 6 h subsequently, obtains ZnO QDs@SiO 2the dispersion liquid of nanoparticle.Add 200 mL normal hexanes in this dispersion liquid, centrifugal, by 15 mL washing with alcohol twice, and be dispersed in water.The nanoparticle aqueous dispersions of gained is mixed with 2 g pure-acrylic emulsions and 5 mg DISPERBYK-346, and ultrasonic 20 min, obtain the ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based.Then be coated to the silica glass surface, 30 ℃ of drying 48 h, obtain ultraviolet shielded coating.The thickness of this coating is 350 μ m, and the transmittance that the transmittance at 300 nm places is 4%, 550 nm place is 88%, close to the transparency (91%) of pure acrylic resin coating, shows that this coating has high transparency and ultraviolet shielded effect.
embodiment 3:
By 1 mmol LiOH .h 2o joins in 50 mL ethanol, and ultrasonic 30 min, fully dissolve it.Add 0.25 mmol Zn (Ac) 2.2H 2o, ultrasonic 5 min, obtain clear solution.Then, this clear solution is heated to 70 ℃, stirring reaction 3 h, obtain ZnO QDs dispersion liquid.Add 120 μ L tetraethoxys and 300 μ L distilled water successively in this dispersion liquid, sonic oscillation 20 min immediately, stirring at room is reacted 6 h subsequently, obtains ZnO QDs@SiO 2the dispersion liquid of nanoparticle.Add 200 mL normal hexanes in this dispersion liquid, centrifugal, by 15 mL washing with alcohol twice, and be dispersed in water.The nanoparticle aqueous dispersions of gained is mixed with 2 g aqueous polyurethanes and 5 mg DISPERBYK-346, and ultrasonic 20 min, obtain the ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based.Then be coated to the silica glass surface, 30 ℃ of drying 48 h, obtain ultraviolet shielded coating.The thickness of this coating is 300 μ m, and the transmittance at 300 nm places is that 5%, 500 nm place transmitance is 89%.
comparative example 1:
By 1 mmol LiOH .h 2o joins in 50 mL ethanol, and ultrasonic 30 min, fully dissolve it.Add 0.25 mmol Zn (Ac) 2.2H 2o, ultrasonic 5 min, obtain clear solution.Then, this clear solution is heated to 70 ℃, stirring reaction 3 h, obtain ZnO QDs dispersion liquid.Add 200 mL normal hexanes in this dispersion liquid, centrifugal, by 15 mL washing with alcohol twice, and be dispersed in water.By this dispersion liquid and 2 g pure-acrylic emulsions and 5 mg Hydropalat ?875 mix, and ultrasonic 20 min, be coated to the silica glass surface, and 30 ℃ of drying 48 h, obtain ultraviolet shielded coating, and the thickness of coating is 65 μ m.Ultraviolet-visible spectrum and artificial accelerated aging the results are shown in Figure 4b.

Claims (4)

1. the ultraviolet shielded preparation method for coating of the water-based based on ZnO quantum dot, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: at first utilize zinc salt and lithium hydroxide that sol gel reaction making ZnO quantum dot occurs in ethanolic soln, then add tetraethoxy and water, utilize the hydrolysis-condensation reaction of tetraethoxy to coat layer of silicon dioxide at the ZnO quantum dot surface in situ, make ZnO QDs@SiO 2nanoparticle; By ZnO QDs@SiO 2nanoparticle shifts and is dispersed in water, then, with waterborne film-forming resin, the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of wetting agent, makes the ultraviolet shielded coating of water-based based on ZnO quantum dot;
Wherein,
The particle diameter of ZnO quantum dot is 1-10 nm;
The SiO on ZnO QDs surface 2be coated in 24 h after prepared by ZnO QDs and carry out;
By the Si:Zn mol ratio, it is the 1-3 be hydrolyzed-polycondensation that is metered into tetraethoxy;
The waterborne film-forming resin is one or more the mixture in benzene emulsion, pure-acrylic emulsion, organosilicon crylic acid latex, waterborne polyurethane resin and water-based organic-inorganic hybrid resin;
Wetting agent is one or more the mixture in the aqueous wetting agents such as DISPERBYK-2010, DISPERBYK-2015, Hydropalat875, WET265, WET500, DISPERBYK-346, DISPERBYK-349, BYK380N, BYK-381, EFKA3030, EFKA3034, EFKA3500, EFKA3570.
2. by the ultraviolet shielded preparation method for coating of the water-based based on ZnO quantum dot claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the amount of substance of zinc salt and lithium hydroxide is than being 1:4-2:3, temperature of reaction is 60-78 ℃, and the reaction times is 3-10 h.
3. by the ultraviolet shielded preparation method for coating of the water-based based on ZnO quantum dot claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that zinc salt is a kind of in zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride or zinc acetate.
4. by the ultraviolet shielded preparation method for coating of the water-based based on ZnO quantum dot claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the content of ZnO QDs in filming is 1-50%, be preferably 2-30%, realize the ultraviolet full-shield of wavelength<340 nm by the content of regulating coating thickness or ZnO QDs nanoparticle.
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CN114921168A (en) * 2022-06-24 2022-08-19 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所 Carbon-silicon nano material modified waterborne polyurethane emulsion, and synthesis method and application thereof

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