CN103435305B - Basalt fiber concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Basalt fiber concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103435305B CN103435305B CN201310369628.4A CN201310369628A CN103435305B CN 103435305 B CN103435305 B CN 103435305B CN 201310369628 A CN201310369628 A CN 201310369628A CN 103435305 B CN103435305 B CN 103435305B
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Abstract
The invention discloses basalt fiber concrete and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to concrete. The concrete consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 14-19 parts of cement, 29-39 parts of sand, 35-44 parts of stones, 1-4 parts of active admixture, 0.05-0.8 part of basalt short fiber, 0.05-1 part of other short fiber, 6-8.5 parts of water, 0.05-0.15 part of CTF synergist and 0.05-0.2 part of a water reducing agent. Through the addition of the basalt fiber that is in net-form distribution to the concrete, both toughness and anti-cracking performance of the concrete are effectively improved; the concrete, which is prepared depending on the proportions and by the preparation method, has the advantages that the maximum crack width is reduced by 44.8-89.7%, the average cracking area is reduced by 19.7-92.6%, the crack quantity in unit area is reduced by 22.7-25.2%, the total cracking area in the unit area is reduced by 1.7-94.5%, the frost resistance is enhanced by 37-50% and the shock resistance is improved by more than twice; the concrete can be used for effectively avoiding various defects of existing conventional concrete.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of concrete, in particular, the present invention relates generally to a kind of Basalt fiber concrete and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Concrete is a kind of heterogeneous composite material, each composition material nature difference, and affects by factors such as raw material, technique, maintenance, constructions, inevitably there is microfracture in concrete.The existence in these cracks, reduces concrete strength, in brittle rupture.Concrete mixes mineral admixture and chemical admixture, although can improve concrete density and intensity.But simultaneously poor, the crack of toughness of concrete, drying shrinkage and brittleness problems also seem more outstanding.At present, by adding fiber, to improve concrete performance research more be steel fiber, polypropylene fibre, glass fibre, carbon fiber and vinylon fibre etc., as mixed-fiber reinforced concrete, (application number: 201010116108.9) mixes type of wire form steel fiber, milling type steel fibers, polypropylene fibre in concrete.Steel fiber is perishable in cement concrete, and applied environment is limited, does not eliminate that the intrinsic tensile strength of concrete is low, the weakness of poor toughness, and due to than great, constructing operation difficulty, steel fiber should fall to concrete base, causes steel fiber skewness.Meanwhile, due to the cause of steel fiber on concrete topping, easy puncturing tyre, road-ability is also bad, and noise is large.Although polypropylene fibre easy construction, chemical stabilization, strength and modulus is low, low with cement concrete consistency, and in extraneous factor effects such as heat, oxygen, ultraviolets, chemical reaction occurs for next, loses certain use properties.Glass fibre alkali resistance is low, and with cement poor compatibility, and property is crisp.And carbon fiber is expensive, be subject to certain restrictions in engineer applied.Therefore be necessary the proportioning based on existing fibrous concrete, further research done to it and improves.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to solve above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of Basalt fiber concrete and preparation method thereof is provided, poor to expect to solve toughness of concrete in prior art, and use in crack and drying shrinkage phenomenon obvious, add fortifying fibre easily to counteract its use, and chemical property is unstable, cost is high-technology problem comparatively.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of Basalt fiber concrete, described concrete comprises with mass ratio range: the cement of 14 to 19 parts, the sand of 1 to 39 part, the stone of 1 to 44 part, the active admixture of 1 to 4 part, the short basalt fiber of 0.05 to 0.8 part, other staple fibres of 0.05 to 1 part, the water of 6 to 8.5 parts, the CTF synergistic agent of 0.05 to 0.15 part, the water reducer of 0.05 to 0.2 part.
As preferably, further technical scheme is: the maximum particle diameter of described stone is less than or equal to 31.5 millimeters.
Further technical scheme is: the chopped length of described short basalt fiber is 2 to 36 millimeters, and in net distribution in concrete; Described basalt fibre tensile strength is greater than 2000MPa, and Young's modulus is higher than 85GPa.
Further technical scheme is: described water reducer be in the middle of ordinary water-reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, gas tracting subtractive agent, retardation water reducing agent, efficient retardation water reducing agent, early strength water-reducing agent, efficient early strength water-reducing agent any one or multiple.
Further technical scheme is: described active admixture is natural class active mineral admixture or artificial class active mineral admixture; Wherein natural class active mineral admixture is any one or the multiple mixture in the middle of volcanic ash, tuff-powder, diatomite, protein clay, calcium clay and clay shale; Artificial class active mineral admixture be rice hull ash, calcining shale, clay, zeolite powder, silicon ash, flyash, shrend blast furnace slag powder powder, in the middle of calcining coal gangue any one or multiple.
Further technical scheme is: described active mineral admixture is the particle level of fine grinding.
The present invention additionally provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned Basalt fiber concrete on the other hand, and described preparation method comprises the steps:
Steps A, cement, active admixture, sand and short basalt fiber added in stirrer and stirred for the first set time;
Step B, the handstone in stone is mixed compound stirred for the second set time, the larger stone in stone is mixed compound and stirred for the 3rd set time;
Step C, to be dispersed in after in compound until basalt fibre, in stirrer, to add water reducer, CTF synergistic agent and water, and continue stirring the 4th set time;
Step D, the compound stirred is added die for molding, after its sclerosis prepared by the demoulding and concrete.
As preferably, further technical scheme is: before the compound stirred being added mould in described step D, first at mould inner surface coating releasing agent.
Further technical scheme is: first described steps A adds part sand in stirrer, and then adds cement, fiber, active mineral admixture, finally mixes residue sand on surface, makes compound form interlayer before being stirred.
Further technical scheme is: described first set time is 30 to 90 seconds, and the second set time was 30 to 60 seconds, and the 3rd set time was 30 to 60 seconds, and the 4th set time was 100 to 240 seconds.
Compared with prior art, one of beneficial effect of the present invention is: by adding the basalt fibre in net distribution in concrete, the concrete toughness of effective raising and anti crack performance, draw through contriver's experiment, adopt the concrete that proportioning of the present invention and preparation method obtain, maximum crack width reduces by 44.8% to 89.7%, average area of cracks reduces by 19.7% to 92.6%, unit surface crack number reduces by 22.7% to 25.2%, the area of cracks reduction by 1.7% to 94.5% that unit surface is total, frost resistance improves 37% to 50%, shock resistance improves more than twice, all kinds of defects existing during the current conventional concrete of effective improvement uses, making method of the present invention is simple simultaneously, adopt basalt short fiber lower as fortifying fibre production cost, be suitable on all kinds of road surface, architecture storey, bridge uses, range of application is wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for illustration of the process flow sheet in one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated.
A kind of Basalt fiber concrete provided by the present invention, wherein should comprise the cement of 14 to 19 parts by weight percentage, the sand of 1 to 39 part, the stone of 1 to 44 part, the active admixture of 1 to 4 part, the short basalt fiber of 0.05 to 0.8 part, other staple fibres of 0.05 to 1 part, the water of 6 to 8.5 parts, the CTF synergistic agent of 0.05 to 0.15 part, the water reducer of 0.05 to 0.2 part.Specific embodiment is as follows:
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, using double centner as proportioning gross weight, comprising the cement of 19 kilograms, the sand of 33.79 kilograms, the stone of 35 kilograms, the blast furnace slag powder of 2 kilograms, the flyash of 1.5 kilograms, the short basalt fiber of 0.05 kilogram, the glass fibre of 0.06 kilogram, the water of 8.5 kilograms, the CTF synergistic agent of 0.05 kilogram, 0.05 kilogram of water reducer.
The water reducer adopted in the present embodiment and following embodiment can select the broad variety such as ordinary water-reducing agent, high efficiency water reducing agent, gas tracting subtractive agent, retardation water reducing agent, efficient retardation water reducing agent, early strength water-reducing agent, efficient early strength water-reducing agent, two or more also can be selected to be configured to mixture and be added in concrete.
According to said ratio, shown in figure 1, concrete preparation can be carried out according to following step:
Step one, sand, cement, flyash, blast furnace slag powder, sand and short basalt fiber added in stirrer and stir 30 seconds;
Step 2, handstone is mixed compound stir 30 seconds;
Mix boulder after step 3, material to be mixed are even and stir 30 seconds;
Step 4, to be dispersed in after in compound until basalt fibre, in stirrer, to add water reducer, CTF synergistic agent and water, and continue stirring 120 seconds;
Step 5, add in mould by the compound stirred, after its sclerosis prepared by the demoulding and concrete.
Step 6, concrete is carried out normal curing.
In the present embodiment, preferably adopt forced stirrer ready-mixed concrete to carry out ready-mixed concrete, adopt the alr mode of first dry mixing, rear wet-mixing.Dry mixing makes basalt chopped fiber dispersed in compound, then mixes water reducer, CTF synergistic agent and water and carry out moisteningly stirring into slurry, then pours into a mould in mould.The present embodiment prepares the effect no significant difference that concrete presents, and is especially suitable for road and bridge to build
Embodiment 2
One embodiment of the present of invention are a kind of Basalt fiber concrete, using 300 kilograms as proportioning gross weight, comprising the cement of 52 kilograms, the sand of double centner, the stone of 111 kilograms, the volcanic ash of 3 kilograms, the diatomite of 3 kilograms, the short basalt fiber of 0.3 kilogram, the aramid fiber of 1 kilogram, the water of 20.4 kilograms, the CTF synergistic agent of 0.24 kilogram, 0.3 kilogram of water reducer, the zeolite powder of 6 kilograms and the mixture of silicon ash, the calcining metakaolin powder of 2.76 kilograms and the mixture of rice hull ash.
In the present embodiment, for ensureing the mobility of compound, the selection of material preferably adopts the starting material of particle level, and the particle diameter of stone as escribed above need be less than or equal to 31.5 millimeters.
According to said ratio, shown in figure 1, concrete preparation can be carried out according to following step:
Step one, sand, cement, diatomite, volcanic ash, sand, short basalt fiber and calcining metakaolin powder and the mixture of rice hull ash added in stirrer and stirs 40 seconds;
Step 2, handstone is mixed compound stir 30 seconds;
Mix boulder after step 3, material to be mixed are even and stir 60 seconds;
Step 4, to be dispersed in after in compound until basalt fibre, in stirrer, to add water reducer, CTF synergistic agent and water, and continue stirring 150 seconds;
Step 5, add in mould by the compound stirred, after its sclerosis prepared by the demoulding and concrete.Blast furnace slag powder in this step, causes demoulding difficulty for preventing concrete and mold solidification to be integrated, before the compound stirred is added mould, and can first at mould inner surface coating releasing agent.
Step 6, concrete is carried out normal curing.
In this test of contriver, the concrete briquet good toughness produced, surface relative to steel fiber concrete comparatively smooth, and stable chemical nature, basalt short fiber simultaneously in concrete at high temperature not easily deforms, namely the impact of temperature on concrete road surface or bridge floor toughness of environment for use is less, and the possibility that crack occurs is lower.
Embodiment 3
One embodiment of the present of invention are a kind of Basalt fiber concrete, using 500 kilograms as proportioning gross weight, comprising the cement of 90 kilograms, the sand of 180 kilograms, the stone of 175 kilograms, the blast furnace slag powder of 7 kilograms, the flyash of 6 kilograms, the short basalt fiber of 2.5 kilograms, 3 kg fiberglass, the water of 30 kilograms, the CTF synergistic agent of 0.5 kilogram, 0.75 kilogram of water reducer, the silicon ash of 4.5 kilograms and mixture, the calcium clay of 0.75 kilogram and the mixture of calcining coal gangue of tuff-powder.
In the present embodiment, for ensureing the mobility of compound, Material selec-tion preferably adopts the starting material of particle level, be less than or equal to except the stone of 31.5 millimeters except particle diameter need be adopted, above-mentioned blast furnace slag powder also needs the particle level adopting fine grinding, and add the mixture of silicon ash with tuff-powder, and after the mixture in limestone powder and the higher ridge of calcining, improve compound further in dry mobility of stirring in process; And by the fine mineral admixture that mixes in concrete, price is low, have certain hydration activity, can replacing partial cement, water demand ratio cement little (being namely less than 100%), grain composition closes the mobility that effectively can improve mixture simultaneously.
According to said ratio, shown in figure 1, concrete preparation can be carried out according to following step:
Blast furnace slag powder step one, the mixture of sand, cement, flyash, blast furnace slag powder, sand, short basalt fiber and calcium clay and calcining coal gangue added in stirrer and stirs 60 seconds;
Step 2, handstone is mixed compound stir 30 seconds;
Mix boulder after step 3, material to be mixed are even and stir 60 seconds;
Step 4, to be dispersed in after in compound until basalt fibre, in stirrer, to add water reducer, CTF synergistic agent and water, and continue stirring 180 seconds;
Step 5, add in mould by the compound stirred, after its sclerosis prepared by the demoulding and concrete.In this step, cause demoulding difficulty for preventing concrete and mold solidification to be integrated, before the compound stirred is added mould, can first at mould inner surface coating releasing agent.
Step 6, concrete is carried out normal curing.
Embodiment 4
One embodiment of the present of invention are a kind of Basalt fiber concrete, using 1000 kilograms as proportioning gross weight, comprising the cement of 140 kilograms, the sand of 346 kilograms, the stone of 405 kilograms, the blast furnace slag powder of 5 kilograms, the flyash of 5 kilograms, the short basalt fiber of 8 kilograms, 9 kilograms of aramid fibers, the water of 60 kilograms, the CTF synergistic agent of 1.5 kilograms, 2 kilograms of water reducers, the zeolite powder of 12 kilograms and the mixture of limestone powder, the zeolite powder of 6.5 kilograms and calcining Shale Mixture.
In the present embodiment, for ensureing the mobility of compound, the selection of material preferably adopts the starting material of particle level, the particle diameter of stone as escribed above need be less than or equal to 31.5 millimeters, effect simultaneously for making basalt short fiber play enhancing to greatest extent in concrete, its chopped length can be set to irregular 2 to 36 millimeters, and in net distribution in concrete.
Same, according to said ratio, and with reference to shown in figure 1, carry out concrete preparation according to following step:
Step one, sand, cement, flyash, blast furnace slag powder, sand, short basalt fiber and zeolite powder and calcining Shale Mixture added in stirrer and stirs 90 seconds;
In this step, too much for preventing compound from adding airborne dust in the process of stirrer, first preferred operating method for add part sand in stirrer, form the first layer, and then add cement, flyash, blast furnace slag powder and zeolite powder and calcining Shale Mixture are placed in the top of sand, form the second layer, finally add sand and basalt fibre covers cement, the top of flyash and blast furnace slag powder, form third layer, remaining sand is being added in the top of third layer, compound is made to form interlayer before being stirred, and then prevent from occurring too much airborne dust when adding compound in stirrer.
Step 2, to be dispersed in after in compound until basalt fibre, in stirrer, to add handstone, and continue stirring 30 seconds;
Mix boulder after step 3, material to be mixed are even and stir 40 seconds;
Step 4, to be dispersed in after in compound until basalt fibre, in stirrer, to add water reducer, CTF synergistic agent and water, and continue stirring 240 seconds;
Step 5, add in mould by the compound stirred, after its sclerosis prepared by the demoulding and concrete.In this step, cause demoulding difficulty for preventing concrete and mold solidification to be integrated, before the compound stirred is added mould, can first at mould inner surface coating releasing agent.
Because basalt fibre is typical ceramic fibre, adopt special treating compound process, dispersed, good with concrete consistency.Concrete adopts and is first dry mixed, the stirring technique of rear wet-mixing, and basalt fibre is monofilament in concrete, and even random distribution is not agglomerating.Basalt fibre Young's modulus 90-115GPa, obvious to the negative function of concrete capillary pressure, thus decrease pore total pressure, so the contraction of Basalt fiber concrete is far smaller than the contraction of plain concrete.
When routine, in above-mentioned Basalt fiber concrete cubic unit centimetre, there are 200 to 1100 staple fibre monofilament, evenly disorderly to distributed in three dimensions, form spatial grid structure.The physical mechanics effect of larger amt chopped strand, stop microfracture development, consume internal stress, the growth and development in the fine fisssure gap that inhibit concrete shrinkage, temperature contracting, chemical shrinkage to cause, improve concrete globality, snappiness, continuity, thus the cracking resistance of Concrete Structure, anti-permeability performance, tensile strength, low temperature flexibility and shock resistance.
Namely by adding the basalt fibre in net distribution in concrete, the concrete toughness of effective raising and anti crack performance, draw through contriver's experiment, adopt the concrete that proportioning of the present invention and preparation method obtain, maximum crack width reduces by 44.8% to 89.7%, average area of cracks reduces by 19.7% to 92.6%, unit surface crack number reduces by 22.7% to 25.2%, the area of cracks reduction by 1.7% to 94.5% that unit surface is total, frost resistance improves 37% to 50%, shock resistance improves more than twice, all kinds of defects existing during the current conventional concrete of effective improvement uses.
Than that described above, also it should be noted that spoken of in this manual " embodiment ", " another embodiment ", " embodiment " etc., refer to the specific features, structure or the feature that describe in conjunction with this embodiment and be included at least one embodiment of the application's generality description.Multiple place occurs that statement of the same race is not necessarily refer to same embodiment in the description.Furthermore, when describing specific features, structure or a feature in conjunction with any embodiment, what advocate is also fall within the scope of the invention to realize this feature, structure or feature in conjunction with other embodiments.
Although with reference to multiple explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, but, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other amendment and embodiment, these amendments and embodiment will drop within spirit disclosed in the present application and spirit.More particularly, in the scope of, accompanying drawing open in the application and claim, multiple modification and improvement can be carried out to the building block of subject combination layout and/or layout.Except the modification of carrying out building block and/or layout is with except improvement, to those skilled in the art, other purposes also will be obvious.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for Basalt fiber concrete, is characterized in that described preparation method comprises the steps:
Steps A, the short basalt fiber of the cement of 14 to 19 parts, the active admixture of 1 to 4 part, the sand of 1 to 39 part and 0.05 to 0.8 part added in stirrer and stirred for the first set time; Described active mineral admixture is the particle level of fine grinding;
Step B, the handstone in 1 to 44 part of stone is mixed compound stirred for the second set time, the larger stone in 1 to 44 part of stone is mixed compound and stirred for the 3rd set time;
Step C, to be dispersed in after in compound until basalt fibre, in stirrer, to add the water reducer of 0.05 to 0.2 part, the CTF synergistic agent of 0.05 to 0.15 part and the water of 6 to 8.5 parts, and continue stirring the 4th set time;
Step D, the compound stirred is added die for molding, after its sclerosis prepared by the demoulding and concrete.
2. the preparation method of Basalt fiber concrete according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before the compound stirred being added mould in described step D, first at mould inner surface coating releasing agent.
3. the preparation method of Basalt fiber concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: first described steps A adds part sand in stirrer, and then add cement, fiber, active mineral admixture, finally mix residue sand on surface, make compound form interlayer before being stirred.
4. the preparation method of the Basalt fiber concrete according to claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that: described first set time is 30 to 90 seconds, second set time was 30 to 60 seconds, and the 3rd set time was 30 to 60 seconds, and the 4th set time was 100 to 240 seconds.
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| CN101555116A (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2009-10-14 | 平顶山市天石商品混凝土有限公司 | Method for preparing high-strength concrete |
| CN102079647A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | 南京理工大学 | Basalt fiber reinforced cement matrix composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN102603233A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-25 | 江苏中技桩业有限公司 | Preparation method of high-durability prestressed centrifugal concrete pile |
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