CN103433315B - High-speed steel hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening method - Google Patents
High-speed steel hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103433315B CN103433315B CN201310371449.4A CN201310371449A CN103433315B CN 103433315 B CN103433315 B CN 103433315B CN 201310371449 A CN201310371449 A CN 201310371449A CN 103433315 B CN103433315 B CN 103433315B
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Abstract
A kind of high-speed steel hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening method, is characterized in that comprising the steps: 1. designing mould; 2. according to die size, calculate W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank dimension by the extrusion deformation degree of design, and process W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank; 3. die-filling; 4. the W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank assembled and mould are installed in hydrostatic extrusion device, and mould afterbody is fixed; 5. sealed by pressure ram sealing device and be installed on extruder, lifting recipient fills it up with hydraulic oil on hydraulic press in cylinder; 6. matched moulds, setting squeeze pressure, opens extruder, carries out hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming; 7. demoulding process is carried out.Compared with prior art, there is resulting product surface smoothness high, the advantage that stock utilization is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forming method of W18Cr4V high-speed steel.
Background technology
W18Cr4V is tungsten system high-speed steel, has high hardness, red hardness and high temperature hardness.The quenching of its heat treatment wider range is not easily overheated, and heat treatment process is oxidation and decarbonization not easily, and grinding performance is better.This steel hardness when 500 DEG C and 600 DEG C remains on HRC57 ~ 58 and HRC52 ~ 53 respectively, has good cutting ability for a large amount of, general machined material.Be used widely in tool die material, multiple roll roll, high temperature spring, high-temperature bearing and the part that is major requirement with high temperature, high strength, anti-wear performance.But there is following problem in traditional forging, rolling mill practice in W18Cr4V high-speed steel process:
Plasticity difference due to W18Cr4V high-speed steel alloy content high, the eutectic carbide quantity that alloying element is formed is many and distributed pole is uneven, causes the plasticity of W18Cr4V high-speed steel very poor, is unfavorable for processing with plastic processing method;
(2) complex parts not easy-formation, the large W18Cr4V high-speed steel of resistance of deformation poor thermal conductivity when high temperature forging, thick carbide has cut off metallic matrix continuity, greatly reduce obdurability, greatly, forging difficulty is large, and complex parts are easy-formation not for resistance of deformation and sclerosis tendentiousness;
(3) easily occur that crackle W18Cr4V Forging Technology of High Speed Steel is complicated, need before forging to carry out preheating, initial forging temperature and final forging temperature strictly need be controlled well during forging, easily form blank entirety during forging to burst apart, forge cross crack, chink, the side surface defect such as longitudinal crack, surperficial transversal crack vertically, stock utilization is low, it is little that forging adds man-hour deflection, need carry out repeated multiple times, multiway forging, and forging difficulty is large.
Just because of the existence of these problems above, cause W18Cr4V high-speed steel when forging, spillage of material is serious.The cutting loss that high temperature scaling loss and follow-up machined cause when not calculating forging, light Forging Technology inherently will cause valuable high speed steel material loss about 15%, sometimes even up to 50%.For small bore accurate W18Cr4V rapid steel tool material, because forging ratio is large, forging times is many, and the stock utilization of W18Cr4V high-speed steel is just lower.Therefore, seek advanced machining technology to obtain higher stock utilization the shaping of W18Cr4V high-speed steel is seemed very important.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention to provide under a kind of room temperature i.e. achievable high-speed steel hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening method.
It is highly polished that another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of product surface, the high-speed steel hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening method that stock utilization is high.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of high-speed steel hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening method being specially adapted to the shaping of the accurate complicated rapid steel tool of small bore.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of high-speed steel hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1. designing mould;
2. according to die size, calculate W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank dimension by the extrusion deformation degree of design, and process W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank;
3. by W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank and die assembly to together with, seal with sealing device;
4. the W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank assembled and mould are installed in hydrostatic extrusion device, and mould afterbody is fixed;
5. sealed by pressure ram sealing device and be installed on extruder, lifting recipient fills it up with hydraulic oil on hydraulic press in cylinder;
6. matched moulds, setting squeeze pressure, opens extruder, carries out hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming to W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank;
7. take out W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank after extruding, carry out demoulding process.
As preferably, step 2. described in extrusion deformation degree be designed to 10% ~ 45%, the best is 30%
Step 2. described in be processed into tapering excessive the front end of W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank, this tapering is the angle of the W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank conical surface and vertical center line, and described tapering is 29.8 ° ~ 30.2 °.Tapering is to ensure that W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank and extrusion die are tightly connected.Angle is too little, cannot realize sealing when extruding; Then can strengthen extruding force too greatly, unfavorable to distortion.
Step 6. described in squeeze pressure be 500MPa ~ 1200MPa, the best is 800MPa.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) material is in three-dimensional compressive stress state when hydrostatic extrusion, and the plasticity of material increases along with the enhancing of compression, and thus the plasticity of deformable material can be improved because of hydrostatic extrusion.This is very favourable to the distortion of material;
(2) directly do not contact with container wall during material crimp, high-pressure medium and material lubricate well simultaneously, and frictional force reduces greatly, and the distortion of material is comparatively even.Thus higher in the uniformity of transverse and longitudinal performance after material deformation;
(3) do not forge the thick stage during material crimp, and blank and mould are in hydrodynamic lubrication state, so frictional force suffered during crimp reduces greatly, also less to the wearing and tearing of mould, the product surface fineness squeezed out is higher;
(4) the frictional force that material is suffered when crimp is less, and thus extruding force is little compared with common mechanical presses.Under same squeeze pressure, larger extrusion ratio can be realized;
(5) material is when hydrostatic extrusion, and extrusion speed is fast, and finished size precision is high, and the range of work is wider, and the draw ratio of extruded product is higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1 pressurizing unit structural representation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Deformation strengthening method of the present invention is adopted to prepare 3 batches of W18Cr4V high-speed steel blanks.Die size chooses φ 20mm, has following computing formula for bar raw material extrusion deformation degree:
In formula: φ---deflection, %;
D---blank diameter, mm;
D---extruded product diameter or die working length diameter; Mm.
The deflection that the present invention chooses is 10% ~ 45%.Along with the increase of extrusion deformation degree, extruding force also increases thereupon.According to material property, squeeze pressure can choose 500MPa ~ 1200MPa.
Embodiment 1:
Design variations amount is 10%, and the goods diameter after extruding is φ 20mm.Shown in composition graphs 1, processing step is as follows:
1 designing mould, according to the diameter determination extrusion die size of goods after extruding, mold shape is designed to spill, and mould outlet diameter is processed as φ 20mm.
2 calculate blank dimension according to the deflection size of mould outlet size and design, and obtaining blank dimension is φ 21.08mm, according to this dimensioned high-speed steel blank 5.It is excessive that tapering is processed in blank front end, to ensure being tightly connected of blank and mould 7.This tapering refers to the angle of the blank conical surface and vertical center line, and angle is too little, cannot realize sealing when extruding; Then can strengthen extruding force too greatly, unfavorable to distortion.Therefore be advisable with 30 ° ± 0.2 °, as follows.
3 adopt extrusion die sealing devices 6 pairs of extrusion dies 7 to seal, then high-speed steel blank 5 and extrusion die 7 are assembled, and coat lubricant grease to junction and lubricate, and SA dibutyl ester selected by grease.
The high-speed steel blank 5 assembled and extrusion die 7 are installed in recipient 2 by 4, and ensure being sealed and matched of itself and base.Adopt pressure ram sealing device 3 pairs of pressure rams 1 to seal, then to injection liquid force feed 4 in recipient 2, castor oil selected by hydraulic oil.
5 open extruder, slowly pressurize, and make pressure ram 1 fall to realizing hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming, high-speed steel blank completes distortion under the pressure of about 420MPa.
6 rise pressure ram 1, take out the high-speed steel blank after distortion, carry out demoulding process, obtain finished product.
The present embodiment is when without heat treatment, and tensile strength reaches about 800MPa.
Embodiment 2:
Design variations amount is 30%, and the goods diameter after extruding is φ 20mm.Processing step is as follows:
1 designing mould, according to the diameter determination extrusion die size of goods after extruding, mold shape is designed to spill, and mould outlet diameter is processed as φ 20mm.
2 calculate blank dimension according to the deflection size of mould outlet size and design, and obtaining blank dimension is φ 23.91mm, according to this dimensioned high-speed steel blank 5.It is excessive that tapering is processed in blank front end, to ensure being tightly connected of blank and mould 7.This tapering refers to the angle of the blank conical surface and vertical center line, and angle is too little, cannot realize sealing when extruding; Then can strengthen extruding force too greatly, unfavorable to distortion.Therefore be advisable with 30 ° ± 0.2 °, as follows.
3 adopt extrusion die sealing devices 6 pairs of extrusion dies 7 to seal, then high-speed steel blank 5 and extrusion die 7 are assembled, and coat lubricant grease to junction and lubricate, and SA dibutyl ester selected by grease.
The high-speed steel blank 5 assembled and extrusion die 7 are installed in recipient 2 by 4, and ensure being sealed and matched of itself and base.Adopt pressure ram sealing device 3 pairs of pressure rams 1 to seal, then to injection liquid force feed 4 in recipient 2, castor oil selected by hydraulic oil.
5 open extruder, slowly pressurize, and make pressure ram 1 fall to realizing hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming, high-speed steel blank completes distortion under the pressure of about 800MPa.
6 rise pressure ram 1, take out the high-speed steel blank after distortion, carry out demoulding process, obtain finished product.
The present embodiment is when without heat treatment, and tensile strength reaches about 930MPa.Resulting product surface smoothness is high, and axiality is high, and surface quality is good.
Embodiment 3:
Design variations amount is 45%, and the goods diameter after extruding is φ 20mm.Processing step is as follows:
1 designing mould, according to the diameter determination extrusion die size of goods after extruding, mold shape is designed to spill, and mould outlet diameter is processed as φ 20mm.
2 calculate blank dimension according to the deflection size of mould outlet size and design, and obtaining blank dimension is φ 26.97mm, according to this dimensioned high-speed steel blank 5.It is excessive that tapering is processed in blank front end, to ensure being tightly connected of blank and mould 7.This tapering refers to the angle of the blank conical surface and vertical center line, and angle is too little, cannot realize sealing when extruding; Then can strengthen extruding force too greatly, unfavorable to distortion.Therefore be advisable with 30 ° ± 0.2 °, as follows.
3 adopt extrusion die sealing devices 6 pairs of extrusion dies 7 to seal, then high-speed steel blank 5 and extrusion die 7 are assembled, and coat lubricant grease to junction and lubricate, and SA dibutyl ester selected by grease.
The high-speed steel blank 5 assembled and extrusion die 7 are installed in recipient 2 by 4, and ensure being sealed and matched of itself and base.Adopt pressure ram sealing device 3 pairs of pressure rams 1 to seal, then to injection liquid force feed 4 in recipient 2, castor oil selected by hydraulic oil.
5 open extruder, slowly pressurize, and make pressure ram 1 fall to realizing hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming, high-speed steel blank completes distortion under the pressure of about 1200MPa.
6 rise pressure ram 1, take out the high-speed steel blank after distortion, carry out demoulding process, obtain finished product.
The present embodiment is when without heat treatment, and tensile strength reaches about 1100MPa.Resulting product surface smoothness is high, and axiality is high, and surface quality is good.
Claims (1)
1. a high-speed steel hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1. designing mould;
2. according to die size, calculate W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank dimension by the extrusion deformation degree of design, and process W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank;
3. by W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank and die assembly to together with, seal with sealing device;
4. the W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank assembled and mould are installed in hydrostatic extrusion device, and mould afterbody is fixed;
5. sealed by pressure ram sealing device and be installed on extruder, lifting recipient fills it up with hydraulic oil on hydraulic press in cylinder;
6. matched moulds, setting squeeze pressure, opens extruder, carries out hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming to W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank;
7. take out W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank after extruding, carry out demoulding process;
Step 2. described in extrusion deformation degree be designed to 30%;
Step 2. described in be processed into tapering excessive the front end of W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank, this tapering is the angle of the W18Cr4V high-speed steel blank conical surface and vertical center line, and described tapering is 29.8 ° ~ 30.2 °;
Step 6. described in squeeze pressure be 800MPa.
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| CN103433315B true CN103433315B (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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| US3423983A (en) * | 1965-11-30 | 1969-01-28 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Feed mechanism for a hydrostatic extrusion system |
| US3702555A (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1972-11-14 | Asea Ab | Press for hot hydrostatic extrusion |
| GB1374032A (en) * | 1971-03-15 | 1974-11-13 | Asea Ab | Apparatus for manufacturing a tubular body by means of hydrostatic extrusion |
| JPH0852510A (en) * | 1994-08-09 | 1996-02-27 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Hydrostatic extruding press |
| CN101015841A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2007-08-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Warm static liquid extrusion method and mould for producing magnesium alloy wire or bar |
| CN101109061A (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2008-01-23 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Room temperature hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening technique of magnesium alloy |
| CN101279331A (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2008-10-08 | 西安理工大学 | Wire hydrostatic extrusion device and method for extruding superfine grain wire using the device |
| CN101745558A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-23 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Device for reducing and preventing hydrostatic extrusion breakdown blast-firing damages |
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2013
- 2013-08-23 CN CN201310371449.4A patent/CN103433315B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3423983A (en) * | 1965-11-30 | 1969-01-28 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Feed mechanism for a hydrostatic extrusion system |
| US3702555A (en) * | 1971-02-25 | 1972-11-14 | Asea Ab | Press for hot hydrostatic extrusion |
| GB1374032A (en) * | 1971-03-15 | 1974-11-13 | Asea Ab | Apparatus for manufacturing a tubular body by means of hydrostatic extrusion |
| JPH0852510A (en) * | 1994-08-09 | 1996-02-27 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Hydrostatic extruding press |
| CN101015841A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2007-08-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Warm static liquid extrusion method and mould for producing magnesium alloy wire or bar |
| CN101109061A (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2008-01-23 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Room temperature hydrostatic liquid extrusion pressing deforming strengthening technique of magnesium alloy |
| CN101279331A (en) * | 2008-05-05 | 2008-10-08 | 西安理工大学 | Wire hydrostatic extrusion device and method for extruding superfine grain wire using the device |
| CN101745558A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-23 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Device for reducing and preventing hydrostatic extrusion breakdown blast-firing damages |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 静液挤压W6Mo5Cr4V2高速钢的工艺研究;胡俊等;《兵器材料科学与工程》;20070115;第30卷(第1期);第56-58页 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20160107 Address after: 315103 Ningbo science and Technology Park, Zhejiang Lingyun Road, No. 199 Applicant after: China North Material Science and Engineering Technology Group Corporation Applicant after: NO.52 Institute of China North Industries Group Corp. Address before: 315103 Ningbo science and Technology Park, Zhejiang Lingyun Road, No. 199 Applicant before: NO.52 Institute of China North Industries Group Corp. |
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