CN103430946A - Plant-virus resisting composition and plant-virus resisting medicament as well as application of plant-virus resisting medicament - Google Patents
Plant-virus resisting composition and plant-virus resisting medicament as well as application of plant-virus resisting medicament Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a plant-virus resisting composition which contains active constituents. The plant-virus resisting composition is characterized in that the active constituents contain amino-oligosaccharins and ribavirin; the weight ratio of the amino-oligosaccharins to the ribavirin is 1: (0.03-20). The invention also relates to a plant-virus resisting medicament prepared from the plant-virus resisting composition. The dosage form of the plant-virus resisting medicament can be soluble liquid, soluble powder, water dispersible granules, granules or water aqua. The invention also relates to an application of the plant-virus resisting medicament in prevention and treatment of one or multiple plant viruses comprising tobacco mosaic viruses, cucumber mosaic viruses, potato Y viruses, tomato mosaic viruses, tomato yellow leaf curl viruses and tomato spotted wilf viruses. The plant-virus resisting composition and the plant-virus resisting medicament are good in prevention and treatment effects, and therefore, the medicament using amount can be reduced, the cost is reduced, and the pollution to the environment is relieved; the plant-virus resisting medicament does not only contain a single active constituent, so that the plant viruses difficultly produce drug resistance; the plant-virus resisting medicament can prevent and treat various different types of plant-virus diseases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Antiphytoviral composition and Antiphytoviral medicament and application thereof, particularly, relate to a kind of Antiphytoviral composition that contains amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin, and prepared Antiphytoviral medicament and the application of this Antiphytoviral medicament in the control plant virus of this Antiphytoviral composition.
Background technology
The viroses of plant are by the parasitogenic disease of plant virus.Plant virus must be in the life of host cell endoparasitism, and specialization is strong, and a certain virus can only infect a certain or certain plants, but minority harm is also arranged extensively, as tobacco mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus.General plant virus only in vivo just has activity the host.
Plant virus, except capturing a part of nutrition of being infected plant, carries out copying of nucleic acid (RNA or DNA) and protein coat in host cell, forms new virion.Plant virus plastochondria or viral nucleic acid can shift rapidly with the nutrition flow direction of plant in vascular bundle, plant is fallen ill all over the body, mainly can change the eubolism process of host plant, disturb or destroy the activity of its respiration, photosynthesis, enzyme, and the metabolism of growth hormone and other hormones etc.
Plant virus is of a great variety, as tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, marmor upsilon, Tomato mosaic virus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus, tomato spotted wilf virus etc., hazard area is wide, the control difficulty, up to the present still there is no effective medicament, mainly still take comprehensive preventive health measuress such as selecting antiviral kind, reinforcement cultivation management, seed disinfection as main.Once infect, very difficult with medicament is prevented and treated.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome in prior art and to be difficult to the defect that with medicament is prevented and treated the viroses of plant, a kind of control efficiency is good, be difficult for developing immunity to drugs Antiphytoviral composition and Antiphytoviral medicament and application thereof are provided.
The present inventor is unexpected the discovery under study for action, when the active component of Antiphytoviral composition contains amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin, and when the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.03-20, particularly the weight ratio when amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.1-5, more preferably, when the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.5-1, the control efficiency of Antiphytoviral composition is good and be difficult for developing immunity to drugs.
Therefore, to achieve these goals, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of Antiphytoviral composition, described composition contains active component, and described active component contains amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin, and the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.03-20.
Preferably, the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.1-5, and more preferably, the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.5-1.
On the other hand, the invention provides the prepared Antiphytoviral medicament of Antiphytoviral composition as above, the formulation of described Antiphytoviral medicament is soluble concentrate, solvable pulvis, water dispersible granules, granule or aqua.
The third aspect, the invention provides the application in Antiphytoviral medicament as above one or more plant viruses in preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, marmor upsilon, Tomato mosaic virus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus and tomato spotted wilf virus.
Antiphytoviral composition of the present invention and Antiphytoviral effect of chemical control are good, thereby can reduce dosage, cost-saving, alleviate the pollution to environment; Contain non-single-activity composition, be difficult for developing immunity to drugs.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will partly be described in detail in embodiment subsequently.
Embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein only, for description and interpretation the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of Antiphytoviral composition, said composition contains active component, and active component contains amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin, and the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.03-20.
According to the present invention, although the active component of Antiphytoviral composition contains amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin, the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.03-20, can realize purpose of the present invention, and the Antiphytoviral composition for preventing and controlling is effective; Be difficult for developing immunity to drugs.But, under preferable case, the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.1-5,1:0.5-1 more preferably, the control efficiency of Antiphytoviral composition is better.
In the present invention, amino-oligosaccharide is agriculture special-purpose shitosan, refers to the oligosaccharide that the D-Glucosamine connects with β-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae glycosidic bond, and number-average molecular weight is generally 1500-2000.
In the present invention, ribavirin is virazole, have another name called Ribavirin, Nice can, chemical name is 1-β-D-RIBOSE base-1H-1,2,4 ,-triazole-3-carboxylic acid amides.
In the present invention, total content for active component in the Antiphytoviral composition is without specific (special) requirements, can select conventional consumption according to the different dosage form of Antiphytoviral composition preparation, this is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example, gross weight based on the Antiphytoviral composition, the content of active component can be the 0.5-20 % by weight.
In the present invention, for other composition except active component in the Antiphytoviral composition without specific (special) requirements, can match as required this area composition commonly used, for example, dispersant, wetting agent, antifreezing agent, stabilizing agent, preservative, emulsifier, defoamer, solvent, cosolvent, solid inert carrier.Therefore, Antiphytoviral composition of the present invention also contains one or more in dispersant, wetting agent, antifreezing agent, stabilizing agent, preservative, emulsifier, defoamer, solvent, cosolvent and solid inert carrier.The consumption of the dosage form selection routine that these compositions can be prepared according to the Antiphytoviral composition, this is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, does not repeat them here.
In the present invention, for mentioned component, all without specific (special) requirements, can adopt this area material commonly used, for example:
Dispersant and wetting agent can be for polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, succinate sodium sulfonates, pull open one or more in powder, sldium lauryl sulfate and sodium alkyl sulfonate.
Antifreezing agent can be ethylene glycol, 1,2-PD, glycerine, one or more in urea.
Stabilizing agent can be 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methyl-phenol, butylated hydroxy anisole.
Preservative can be benzoic acid and its esters, one or more in sorbic acid and its esters.
Emulsifier can be one or more in cationic surfactant, anion surfactant, non-ionic surface active agent and zwitterionic surfactant, and the emulsifier that is generally used for liquid preparation all can be used.Under preferable case, emulsifier is calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the succinate sodium sulfonate, styryl phenol polyethenoxy ether phosphate, the Ben-zylphenol Polyoxyethyl Ether phosphate, sorbitan trioleate, the anhydrous sorbitol tristearate, polyoxyethylene sorb ether alcohol six stearates, cithrol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol ether beeswax derivative, polyethylene glycol mono stearate, sorbitan sesquioleate, glyceryl monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monostearate, the dibenzyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, the diethylene glycol fatty acid ester, the diethylene glycol monolaurate, sorbitan mono-laurate, Brij30, the polyoxyethylene monopalmitate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, Brij30, the anhydrous sorbitol APEO, polyoxyethylene sorbitan ether monoleate, the styryl phenol polyethenoxy ether, the triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether, one or more in castor oil polyoxyethylene ether.
Defoamer can be one or more in silicone oil, higher alcohol, mineral oil, vegetable oil.
Solvent can be one or more in methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propane diols, glycerine, n-butanol, isobutanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, n-amyl alcohol, isoamyl alcohol, n-hexyl alcohol, n-heptanol, n-octyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, glycol monoethyl ether, glycol dimethyl ether, sorbierite, aromatic hydrocarbon solvent oil and methyl oleate.
Cosolvent can be one or more in methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, sulfolane and ethyl acetate.
Solid inert carrier can be one or more in clay, silica, diatomite, kaolin, attapulgite, imvite, bentonite, talcum powder and precipitated calcium carbonate.
Except above composition, Antiphytoviral composition of the present invention can also contain adhesive, help disintegrant and filler etc.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides Antiphytoviral composition as above prepared Antiphytoviral medicament, and the formulation of Antiphytoviral medicament is soluble concentrate, solvable pulvis, water dispersible granules, granule or aqua.
Other composition in above-mentioned each formulation except active component and the content of content and active component thereof, without specific (special) requirements, can adopt the proportioning of this area routine, for example:
Soluble concentrate generally contains 0.1-60 % by weight active component, 0.5-10% emulsifier, other additive of 0-10 % by weight as stabilizing agent, and surplus is water or other organic solvent.By direct configuration be mixed with.
Solvable pulvis generally contains 0.1-60 % by weight active component, 0.5-10 % by weight dispersant, 0.5-5 % by weight wetting agent, other additive of 0-10 % by weight as stabilizing agent, and surplus is the fillers such as white carbon, sodium sulphate, potter's clay, precipitated calcium carbonate.Solvable pulvis adopts spray condensation method, comminuting method or seasoning preparation usually.
Water dispersible granules generally contains 3-95 % by weight active component, 0.5-10 % by weight dispersant, 0.5-5 % by weight wetting agent, other additive of 0-10 % by weight as stabilizing agent, adhesive, and surplus is solid inert carrier, as kaolin etc.Water dispersible granules is made 10-100 order international standard sieve mesh (1676-152 μ m) particle usually, can pass through the method preparations such as mist projection granulating, extruder grain, High Rotation Speed granulation, fluidized bed prilling.
Granule generally contain 0.1-90 % by weight active component, 0.5-10 % by weight dispersant, 0.5-5 % by weight wetting agent, other additive of 0-10 % by weight as stabilizing agent, adhesive, help disintegrant, surplus is solid inert carrier, as kaolin etc.Granule can pass through coating method granulation, extrusion moulding granulation, absorption method preparation.
Aqua generally contains 0.1-60 % by weight active component, 0.5-10 % by weight emulsifier, other additive of 0-10 % by weight as stabilizing agent, and surplus is water.Aqua can and be mixed with by direct configuration.
Antiphytoviral medicament of the present invention can provide with the finished product form, and in medicament, each composition mixes; Also can every kind composition with the form of independent preparation, provide, directly carry out bucket during use mixed.
In the present invention, for the preparation method of various formulations, without specific (special) requirements, can adopt the whole bag of tricks well known in the art, not repeat them here.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the various formulations in the present invention can dilute according to actual needs use when reality is used, the using method of various formulations is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, does not repeat them here.
The third aspect, the invention provides the application in Antiphytoviral medicament as above one or more plant viruses in preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, marmor upsilon, Tomato mosaic virus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus and tomato spotted wilf virus.
Tobacco mosaic virus, be a kind of RNA virus, special infection plant, especially tobacco and other plants of Solanaceae.After plant catches an illness, young leaflet tablet lateral vein and offshoot tissue be translucent shape, i.e. bright arteries and veins.Vein both sides mesophyll tissue gradually is light green.Virus is bred in a large number in leaf tissue, makes the part mesophyll cell increase or increase, and occurs that the blade thin and thick is irregular, and color is yellowish green alternate, is the floral leaf shape.The mottled degree of rear floral leaf strengthens, and existing large tracts of land dark brown necrotic plaque, middle and lower part Lao Ye more so, leaf-shrinkage, deformity, distortion that morbidity is heavy.The plant internode of early stage morbidity shortens, the serious dwarfing, and poor growth, can not normally blossom and bear fruit.And easily come off.Little and the shrinkage of developable shady fruit, grain weight is few and little, how can not germinate.
Cucumber mosaic virus can infect various plants, and the cotyledons turn yellow of catching an illness seedling stage is withered, and spire is the dark green floral leaf shape alternate with pale green, and shrinkage, deformity in various degree appear in incidence of leaf simultaneously.The strain young leaves of catching an illness is yellowish green alternate floral leaf shape, the little and shrinkage of sick leaf, blade thickening, blade warp when serious; Stem's internode shortens, the stem deformity, and when serious, the diseased plant blade is withered; Sugar-preserved gourd presents dark green and light green alternate pattern, surface irregularity, sugar-preserved gourd deformity.The grave illness strain leaflet that clusters, do not tie melon, causes atrophy withered.This disease all can occur from the seedling stage to the field period, and the typical floral leaf of gradation unequal, just appear in several days in the their early stage vein shape that is translucent afterwards.Yellowish green or the dark green bubble spot of sick leaf one-tenth, the leaf curling deformity, the elongated mouse shape of tail that is of blade tip, the phyllopodium elongation, the flank attenuation that narrows down disappears even fully, and the plant of morbidity morning obviously stunts.
Marmor upsilon is a kind of RNA virus, can infect 30 various plants, is the important pathogen of harm cereal crops, economic crops, herbage, medicinal material, fruit tree.Symptom feature: their early stage, the bright arteries and veins phenomenon of performance on young leaves, after this due to virus strain's difference, the symptom caused is also variant.Common symptom mainly contains arteries and veins band flower leaf type, vein necrotic type etc.Arteries and veins band flower leaf type: on larger blade, form dirty-green arteries and veins band along the vein both sides, mesophyll performance yellow between the arteries and veins band, on the sliver of blade base, this arteries and veins band symptom is more obvious; The vein necrotic type: diseased plant is without obvious dwarfing, and the small vein of incidence of leaf or middle arteries and veins often have the brown necrotic plaque, falls ill when serious, and necrotic plaque enters vascular bundle tissue or the marrow of Tu Mai and stem, forms the brown necrosis, and vein stops growing, deformable blade, distortion.
Tomato mosaic virus mainly contains two kinds: a kind of is that slight floral leaf or mottled occurs on blade, and vine growth and development is normal, and plant height and healthy tree are as good as, very micro-to yield effect; Another kind is on blade, to occur dense, light alternate mottledly, and newborn blade diminishes subsequently, the vein purpling, the blade elongated and narrow, the distortion deformity, the growth retardation of stem top blade, plant is short and small, how in the form of a roll lower blade, a little less than diseased plant flower bud differentiation ability, a large amount of fallen flowers, bud drop, beared fruit, fruit shape is tiny, and the fruit face is paint face's shape more.This virus host wide range, except tomato, also comprise the plants such as Solanaceae, Cruciferae, Chenopodiaceae, Amaranthaceae, totally 36 section's 200 various plants.
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, propagate by Bemisia tabaci, have outburst suddenly, expansion is rapid, strong, the difficult to treat characteristics of harmfulness, being a kind of crushing disaster the most serious on tomato yield impact, is the critical limitation factor on many national tomato production in the world.The infected plant their early stage shows as the upper blade yellow, on the limb edge, rolls up, and blade diminishes, and plant strain growth slows down or stagnates, and internode shortens, and obviously downgrades.Some vein purpling look of later stage, deformable blade is shrivelled, and yellowish green uneven patch appears in young leaves, and uneven shrinkage or distortion are arranged.When serious, blade attenuates, the rear difficulty as a result of blooming, and the fruit type is little, and malformed fruit is many, ripe slow, Yield and quality reduction.Once this virus occurs, the incidence of disease is high.Diseased plant Abscission of Floral Organs, fruit stop long, face checking.Occur more early to be injured heavier.
Tomato spotted wilf virus is a kind of important virus that endangers agricultural production.Its host range is very wide, can encroach on the Activities of Some Plants of 160 kinds of dicotyledons and 10 kinds of monocotyledon, especially Solanaceae, composite family and pulse families.Its symptom changes greatly.Catch an illness seedling stage, and spire becomes on coppery to be rolled up, the many little blackspots of rear formation, and leaf back is purple along the pulse, and some growing points are died, and the stem end forms the downright bad streak of brown, only half of growth or downgrade fully or fallen leaves are the wilting shape, morbidity not result early of diseased plant.Catch an illness after bearing fruit, occur chlorisis ring spot on fruit, green fruit is projection slightly, and the wheel line is not obvious, produces the brown necrotic plaque on Chinese olive, is strumae, and fruit easily comes off.The ripening fruits wheel line of catching an illness is obvious, reddish yellow or red and white, and the chlorisis spot is obvious in the panchromatic phase, the stiff contracting of serious full fruit, the umbilical region symptom is similar to blossom-end rot, but this disease fruit surface browning necrosis is different from blossom-end rot.
Embodiment
In following examples and Comparative Examples:
Amino-oligosaccharide is purchased from Bai He source, Qingdao biotechnology Co., Ltd;
Ribavirin is purchased from Shanghai Hu Feng biochemical reagents Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 1:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:0.03)
Amino-oligosaccharide 4.07 % by weight, ribavirin 0.13 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether (being purchased from Jiangsu Hai'an Petrochemical Plant, lower same) 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 2:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:0.05)
Amino-oligosaccharide 4 % by weight, ribavirin 0.2 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 3:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:0.1)
Amino-oligosaccharide 3.8 % by weight, ribavirin 0.4 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 4:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:0.3)
Amino-oligosaccharide 3.23 % by weight, ribavirin 0.97 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 5:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:0.5)
Amino-oligosaccharide 2.8 % by weight, ribavirin 1.4 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 6:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:1)
Amino-oligosaccharide 2.1 % by weight, ribavirin 2.1 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 7:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:3)
Amino-oligosaccharide 1.05 % by weight, ribavirin 3.15 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 8:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:5)
Amino-oligosaccharide 0.7 % by weight, ribavirin 3.5 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 9:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:10)
Amino-oligosaccharide 0.38 % by weight, ribavirin 3.82 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 10:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin aqua (1:20)
Amino-oligosaccharide 0.2 % by weight, ribavirin 4 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Embodiment 11:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin soluble concentrate (1:0.5)
Amino-oligosaccharide 2.8 % by weight, ribavirin 1.4 % by weight, aliphatic amine polyoxyethylene ether (number-average molecular weight 646.86) 5 % by weight, surplus is isopropyl alcohol.
The embodiment 12:4.2 % by weight solvable pulvis of amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin (1:0.5)
Amino-oligosaccharide 2.8 % by weight, ribavirin 1.4 % by weight, sodium lignin sulfonate 8 % by weight, surplus is precipitated calcium carbonate.
Embodiment 13:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin water dispersible granules (1:0.5)
Amino-oligosaccharide 2.8 % by weight, ribavirin 1.4 % by weight, sodium lignin sulfonate 8 % by weight, surplus is calcined diatomite.
Embodiment 14:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide ribavirin granule (1:0.5)
Amino-oligosaccharide 2.8 % by weight, ribavirin 1.4 % by weight, sodium lignin sulfonate 8 % by weight, surplus is kaolin.
Comparative Examples 1:4.2 % by weight amino-oligosaccharide aqua.
According to the component of embodiment 1, different, active component is only amino-oligosaccharide.That is, amino-oligosaccharide 4.2 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Comparative Examples 2:4.2 % by weight ribavirin aqua.
According to the component of embodiment 1, different, active component is only ribavirin.That is, ribavirin 4.2 % by weight, triphenyl vinyl phenol polyoxyethylene poly-oxygen propylene aether 5 % by weight, surplus is water.
Test example 1
Test is carried out at planting in Jingxi county, Guangxi, and test plant is tobacco, and the usage amount of every kind of medicament is 60g/ mu.Take the method for field plot trial, the Antiphytoviral medicament of above-described embodiment 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is diluted with water to respectively to 500 times of sprinklings, and the clear water contrast is set.Selected test region is tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection type.Community area 72m
2, random district group is arranged, and repeats 4 times.Insecticide spraying time is their early stage, and be 7 days interval, continuous spraying medicine 3 times, 7d investigation after last dispenser.Every community is determined continuously strain and is investigated 50 strains along ridge, and the strain of take is carried out the classification record as unit, and calculating disease index, control efficiency, the results are shown in Table 1.
The severity Scaling standard:
0 grade: complete stool is anosis.
1 grade: lobus cardiacus veinclearing or slight floral leaf, or top 1/3 blade floral leaf, but indeformable.
2 grades: 1/3-1/2 blade floral leaf or minority deformable blade, or master pulse blackening, diseased plant is downgraded as more than 2/3 of normal plant height.
3 grades: 1/2-2/3 blade floral leaf, distortion or the necrosis of master arteries and veins, it is the 1/2-2/3 of normal plant height that diseased plant is downgraded.
4 grades: complete stool blade floral leaf, gross distortion or necrosis, diseased plant downgrade for normal plant height more than 1/3 to 1/2.
Disease index, control efficiency computational methods are as follows:
Table 1
Test example 2
Test is carried out in the Jishui County, Jiangxi, and test plant is tobacco, and the mu consumption of every kind of medicament is 60g.Take the method for field plot trial, the Antiphytoviral medicament of above-described embodiment 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is diluted with water to respectively to 500 times of sprinklings, and the clear water contrast is set.Selected test region is cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infection type.Community area 72m
2, random district group is arranged, and repeats 4 times.Insecticide spraying time is their early stage, and be 7 days interval, continuous spraying medicine 3 times, 7d investigation after last dispenser.Every community is determined continuously strain and is investigated 50 strains along ridge, and the strain of take is carried out the classification record as unit, and calculating disease index, control efficiency, the results are shown in Table 2.The severity Scaling standard:
0 grade: complete stool is anosis.
1 grade: lobus cardiacus veinclearing or slight floral leaf, or top 1/3 blade floral leaf, but indeformable.
2 grades: 1/3-1/2 blade floral leaf or minority deformable blade, or master pulse blackening, diseased plant is downgraded as more than 2/3 of normal plant height.
3 grades: 1/2-2/3 blade floral leaf, distortion or the necrosis of master arteries and veins, diseased plant is downgraded the 1/2-2/3 left and right for normal plant height.
4 grades: complete stool blade floral leaf, gross distortion or necrosis, diseased plant downgrade for normal plant height more than 1/3 to 1/2.
Disease index, control efficiency computational methods are as follows:
Table 2
Test example 3
Test is carried out at the Hunan Ningxiang County, and test plant is tobacco, and the mu consumption of every kind of medicament is 60g.Take the method for field plot trial, the Antiphytoviral medicament of above-described embodiment 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is diluted with water to respectively to 500 times of sprinklings, and the clear water contrast is set.Selected test region is marmor upsilon (PVY) infection type.Community area 72m
2, random district group is arranged, and repeats 4 times.Insecticide spraying time is their early stage, and be 7 days interval, continuous spraying medicine 3 times, 7d investigation after last dispenser.Every community is determined continuously strain and is investigated 50 strains along ridge, and the strain of take is carried out the classification record as unit, and calculating disease index, control efficiency, the results are shown in Table 3.The severity Scaling standard:
0 grade: complete stool is anosis.
1 grade: lobus cardiacus veinclearing or slight floral leaf, or top 1/3 blade floral leaf, but indeformable.
2 grades: 1/3-1/2 blade floral leaf or minority deformable blade, diseased plant is downgraded as more than 2/3 of normal plant height.
3 grades: 1/2-2/3 blade floral leaf, be out of shape or the arteries and veins band occurs, diseased plant is downgraded the 1/2-2/3 left and right for normal plant height.
4 grades: the complete stool vein is downright bad or extend on middle arteries and veins and stem stalk, diseased plant downgrade for normal plant height more than 1/3 to 1/2.
Disease index, control efficiency computational methods are as follows:
Table 3
Test example 4
Test is carried out in the Xinyue City, Hebei, test plant is tomato, and the mu consumption of every kind of medicament is 60g, takes the method for field plot trial, the Antiphytoviral medicament of above-described embodiment 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is diluted with water to respectively to 500 times of sprinklings, and the clear water contrast is set.Each processing arranges 4 repetitions, and the random district of field plot trial group is arranged, community area 100m
2, be experimental field continuous cropping tomato booth field, soil property is loam, fertilizer and water condition is good.Test region is Tomato mosaic virus (ToWV).Start medication for the examination tomato in first morbidity, every 7d once, share medicine 3 times, after the 3rd medicine, 14d is investigated the ，Mei community and determines continuously strain along ridge and investigate 50 strains, and the strain of take is carried out the classification record as unit, and calculating disease index, control efficiency, the results are shown in Table 4.
The severity Scaling standard:
0 grade: complete stool is anosis;
1 grade: slight floral leaf or top and the bottom are no more than 1/3 blade floral leaf, and plant is downgraded as more than 3/4 of normal plant;
2 grades: 1/3-1/2 blade floral leaf, plant is downgraded as more than 2/3 of normal plant;
3 grades: 1/2-2/3 blade floral leaf, it is the 1/2-2/3 of normal plant that plant is downgraded.
4 grades: complete stool blade floral leaf, it is the 1/3-1/2 of normal plant that plant is downgraded.
Disease index, control efficiency computational methods are as follows:
Table 4
Test example 5
Test is carried out in the Wugong County, Shaanxi, test plant is tomato, and the mu consumption of every kind of medicament is 60g, takes the method for field plot trial, the Antiphytoviral medicament of above-described embodiment 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is diluted with water to respectively to 500 times of sprinklings, and the clear water contrast is set.Each processing arranges 4 repetitions, and the random district of field plot trial group is arranged, community area 100m
2, be experimental field continuous cropping tomato booth field, soil property is loam, fertilizer and water condition is good.Test region is tomato spotted wilf virus (TSWV).Start medication for the examination tomato in first morbidity, every 7d once, share medicine 3 times, after the 3rd medicine, 14d is investigated the ，Mei community and determines continuously strain along ridge and investigate 50 strains, and the strain of take is carried out the classification record as unit, and calculating disease index, control efficiency, the results are shown in Table 5.
The severity Scaling standard:
0 grade: complete stool is anosis;
1 grade: slight floral leaf or top and the bottom are no more than 1/3 blade, and plant is downgraded as more than 3/4 of normal plant;
2 grades: the yellow of 1/3-1/2 blade, leaf roll, plant is downgraded as more than 2/3 of normal plant;
3 grades: the yellow of 1/2-2/3 blade, leaf roll, it is the 1/2-2/3 of normal plant that plant is downgraded;
4 grades: the yellow of complete stool blade, leaf roll, it is the 1/3-1/2 of normal plant that plant is downgraded.
Disease index, control efficiency computational methods are as follows:
Table 5
Test example 6
Test is carried out in Ye County, Henan, test plant is tomato, and the mu consumption of every kind of medicament is 60g, takes the method for field plot trial, the Antiphytoviral medicament of above-described embodiment 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is diluted with water to respectively to 500 times of sprinklings, and the clear water contrast is set.Each processing arranges 4 repetitions, and the random district of field plot trial group is arranged, community area 100m
2, be experimental field continuous cropping tomato booth field, soil property is loam, fertilizer and water condition is good.Test region is tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV).Start medication for the examination tomato in first morbidity, every 7d once, share medicine 3 times, after the 3rd medicine, 14d is investigated the ，Mei community and determines continuously strain along ridge and investigate 50 strains, and the strain of take is carried out the classification record as unit, and calculating disease index, control efficiency, the results are shown in Table 6.
The severity Scaling standard:
0 grade: complete stool is anosis;
1 grade: slight floral leaf or top and the bottom are no more than 1/3 blade yellow, leaf roll, and plant is downgraded as more than 3/4 of normal plant;
2 grades: the yellow of 1/3-1/2 blade, leaf roll, plant is downgraded as more than 2/3 of normal plant;
3 grades: the yellow of 1/2-2/3 blade, leaf roll, it is the 1/2-2/3 of normal plant that plant is downgraded.
4 grades: the yellow of complete stool blade, leaf roll, it is the 1/3-1/2 of normal plant that plant is downgraded.
Disease index, control efficiency computational methods are as follows:
Table 6
Test example 7
Test is carried out in Ye County, Henan, test plant is tomato, and the mu consumption of every kind of medicament is 60g, takes the method for field plot trial, the Antiphytoviral medicament of above-described embodiment 5,11,12,13,14 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is diluted with water to respectively to 500 times of sprinklings, and the clear water contrast is set.Each processing arranges 4 repetitions, and the random district of field plot trial group is arranged, community area 100m
2, be experimental field continuous cropping tomato booth field, soil property is loam, fertilizer and water condition is good.Test region is tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV).Start medication for the examination tomato in first morbidity, every 7d once, share medicine 3 times, after the 3rd medicine, 14d is investigated the ，Mei community and determines continuously strain along ridge and investigate 50 strains, and the strain of take is carried out the classification record as unit, and calculating disease index, control efficiency, the results are shown in Table 7.
The severity Scaling standard:
0 grade: complete stool is anosis;
1 grade: slight floral leaf or top and the bottom are no more than 1/3 blade yellow, leaf roll, and plant is downgraded as more than 3/4 of normal plant;
2 grades: the yellow of 1/3-1/2 blade, leaf roll, plant is downgraded as more than 2/3 of normal plant;
3 grades: the yellow of 1/2-2/3 blade, leaf roll, it is the 1/2-2/3 of normal plant that plant is downgraded.
4 grades: the yellow of complete stool blade, leaf roll, it is the 1/3-1/2 of normal plant that plant is downgraded.
Disease index, control efficiency computational methods are as follows:
Table 7
From table, 1-6 can find out, Antiphytoviral medicament provided by the invention has preventive effect preferably to the viroses of plant, when amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin compound proportion are 1:0.1-5, can further improve preventive effect, when amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin compound proportion are 1:0.5-1, can further improve preventive effect.As can be seen from Table 7, Antiphytoviral medicament provided by the invention, different pharmacy types all has preventive effect preferably to the viroses of plant as tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV).And can find out from above test example, Antiphytoviral medicament provided by the invention can be prevented and treated multiple different types of viroses of plant.
Antiphytoviral composition of the present invention and Antiphytoviral effect of chemical control are good, thereby can reduce dosage, cost-saving, alleviate the pollution to environment; Contain non-single-activity composition, be difficult for developing immunity to drugs; Can prevent and treat multiple different types of viroses of plant.
More than describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail; but the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment, in technical conceive scope of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characterictic described in above-mentioned embodiment, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, for fear of unnecessary repetition, the present invention is to the explanation no longer separately of various possible combinations.
In addition, between various embodiment of the present invention, also can carry out any combination, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (6)
1. an Antiphytoviral composition, described composition contains active component, it is characterized in that, and described active component contains amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin, and the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.03-20.
2. Antiphytoviral composition according to claim 1, wherein, the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.1-5.
3. Antiphytoviral composition according to claim 2, wherein, the weight ratio of amino-oligosaccharide and ribavirin is 1:0.5-1.
4. according to the described Antiphytoviral composition of any one in claim 1-3, wherein, described composition also contains one or more in dispersant, wetting agent, antifreezing agent, stabilizing agent, preservative, emulsifier, defoamer, solvent, cosolvent and solid inert carrier.
5. the prepared Antiphytoviral medicament of the described Antiphytoviral composition of any one in claim 1-4, the formulation of described Antiphytoviral medicament is soluble concentrate, solvable pulvis, water dispersible granules, granule or aqua.
6. the application in Antiphytoviral medicament claimed in claim 5 one or more plant viruses in preventing and treating tobacco mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus, marmor upsilon, Tomato mosaic virus, tomato yellow leaf curl virus and tomato spotted wilf virus.
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| CN104115840A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-29 | 贵州沿河乌江生物科技发展有限公司 | Medicament for disinfecting plum tree, live wood disinfecting method and application of medicament for disinfecting plum tree |
| CN105454234A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-06 | 唐山金土生物有机肥有限公司 | Single or compound oligochitosan preparation and application of single or compound oligochitosan preparation in tomato virus disease control |
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| CN104115840A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-10-29 | 贵州沿河乌江生物科技发展有限公司 | Medicament for disinfecting plum tree, live wood disinfecting method and application of medicament for disinfecting plum tree |
| CN104115840B (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-05-25 | 贵州沿河乌江生物科技发展有限公司 | A kind of Japanese plum virus killing with medicament, live wooden virus method and application thereof |
| CN105454234A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-06 | 唐山金土生物有机肥有限公司 | Single or compound oligochitosan preparation and application of single or compound oligochitosan preparation in tomato virus disease control |
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| CN107897184A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-04-13 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of preparation and its preparation for inducing tomato plant and resistance being produced to ToMV |
| CN110250178A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-20 | 山东亿嘉农化有限公司 | A kind of composite bactericide and preparation method thereof containing bronopol and amino-oligosaccharide |
| CN110367261A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-25 | 京博农化科技有限公司 | A kind of pesticide complex composition containing flonicamid and ribavirin |
| CN112314601A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-02-05 | 重庆沐之丰生物科技有限公司 | Formula for improving crop yield and preparation method thereof |
| CN115299459A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-08 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Composition for preventing and treating tobacco virus diseases and application thereof |
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