CN103406724B - A kind of process strengthening pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity - Google Patents
A kind of process strengthening pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103406724B CN103406724B CN201310324629.7A CN201310324629A CN103406724B CN 103406724 B CN103406724 B CN 103406724B CN 201310324629 A CN201310324629 A CN 201310324629A CN 103406724 B CN103406724 B CN 103406724B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of sea work and oil production equipment technical field, particularly to a kind of process strengthening pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity。Technical scheme is: make spherical shell；Boring connects, and pastes foil gauge, makes spherical shell be connected with booster pump, data collecting system；Pressurization pressurize step by step, after entering overall plastic property, each observation station strain variation speed is less than 0.01s-1, spherical shell becomes ball automatically；Continue to be forced into each point strain step by step and reach more than 0.02, stop pressurization, pressurize；After unloading processes step by step, directed uniform residual stress is formed。The present invention further increases bearing capacity, reduces the impact of various initial imperfection, and then reduces technology difficulty。Owing to the present invention processes, by stress, the purpose reaching to improve utmost carrying ability, therefore can improve its bearing capacity under the premise not increasing construction weight, be greatly improved its buoyancy reserve for relating to sea structure, Deep-sea vessel meaning is especially prominent。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sea work and oil production equipment technical field, particularly to a kind of process strengthening pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity。
Background technology
Current spherical shell structure is optimal pressure-resistance structure form。For under water or the immense pressure of underground, spherical shell structure is that failure mode is minimum, it is possible to active balance stabilized soil pavement Problem of Failure, and then obtains the version of maximum ultimate bearing capacity。Therefore, spherical shell is the important feature form of sea work and oil production equipment。
In current pressurized spherical shell manufacturing process, shape typically via modes such as casting, welding or machinings。And the residual stress that the course of processing introduces, by vibrating, the mode such as ultrasonic or heat treatment discharges。Although reducing the primary stress impact on pressurized spherical shell ultimate bearing capacity, but still existing problems:
One, can introduce geometry initial imperfection, especially the out-of-roundness of spherical shell, destroy spherical structure self stability, reduce pressurized spherical shell ultimate bearing capacity in forming process。
Its two, forming process can introduce non-uniform residual stress, destroy spherical structure self stability equally, reduce pressurized spherical shell ultimate bearing capacity。
Its three, along with the increase of the depth of water, pressurized spherical shell thickness dimensions ratio (radius-thickness ratio) need to constantly increase, and causing conducting oneself with dignity constantly increases, and buoyancy reserve is gradually lowered。Therefore, for certain material when its buoyancy reserve reduces to 0, the practical significance doing pressure-resistance structure is namely lost。For engineering material, titanium alloy is the metal that current yield tensile ratio is optimum。Therefore, current process cannot strengthen the ultimate bearing capacity of pressurized spherical shell from version and material properties。
The pressure vessel field close with pressurized spherical shell, self-reinforcing can pass through Shi Hanzhang, so as to the Stress superposition caused with working inner pressure, the inboard wall stress that stress is bigger is made to reduce, the outer wall stress that stress is less increases to some extent, so that stress tends to uniform in chamber wall, the bearing capacity of pressure vessel thus can be improved。But self-reinforcing technology has the restricted of himself to may not apply in pressurized spherical shell structure, is summarized as follows:
One, self-reinforcing know-why is through certain internal pressure makes part wall thickness enter the plastic stage, and other parts keep elastic stage, form the stress distribution of internal layer pressurized outer layer tension after unloading。The stress distribution that the stress distribution that this technology produces causes with pressurized spherical shell operating pressure not only can not be cancelled out each other, increase in the same direction on the contrary, reduce the ultimate bearing capacity of structure after being superposed。
Its two, self-reinforcing technology application is thick-walled structure, and its thickness dimensions ratio is generally higher than 1/10, far beyond this parameter (1/50 ~ 1/20) of pressurized spherical shell。
Its three, self-reinforcing technology application is mainly pole-shell structure, and such as gun barrel, petroleum casing pipe and cylindrical pressure vessel etc., its technique object is the single curvature structures of simple shape, and pressurized spherical shell is three-dimensional hyperbolicity structure。
Its four, self-reinforcing technology is applied to bear intrinsic pressure structure, as gun barrel, petroleum casing pipe and pressure vessel all bear inner pressuring load。Patent CN101655829A proposes " a kind of external pressure self-intensification cylinder and designing and calculating and manufacture method " thereof, although its application is external pressure vessel, but the applying of its pretightning force outer pressure too。External pressure makes inside configuration be compressed, and before entering plastic deformation, the impact that can be subject to flexing makes structural instability destroy。
For these reasons, the thought of pretightning force is applied to pressurized spherical shell structure, simultaneously by development of deformation to overall plastic sexual state is utilized the ball principle that becomes under intrinsic pressure effect, eliminate non-homogeneous residual stress distribution and geometry out-of-roundness defect, and then promote the motive power that its ultimate bearing capacity is exactly the present invention。
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at the drawbacks described above that prior art exists, it is provided that a kind of process strengthening pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity。
Its technical scheme is to comprise the following steps realization:
Step one: sheet material prepares, then passes through welding or mechanical processing technique manufactures pressurized spherical shell；
Step 2: open two screwed holes in spherical shell symmetric position, and install high tension thread duplex fitting and lower high tension thread duplex fitting；
Step 3: with the centre of sphere for the center of circle, rules at spherical shell outer surface, and the circle formed is perpendicular to screwed hole axis；At 4 ~ 8 groups of foil gauges of line place patch and make it be uniformly distributed circumferentially, often group foil gauge is respectively by tangential and be perpendicular to tangential two foil gauge and form, being connected with data collecting system by data connecting line after foil gauge wiring, it act as determines elastic-plastic behavior residing for spherical shell surface；
Step 4: upper high tension thread duplex fitting be connected with compression pump by high-voltage tube, is started compression pump and fills liquid medium inside pressurized spherical shell, after filling liquid, stops compression pump work, and high tension thread joint connects Pressure gauge sealing；
Step 5: continuing to start compression pump and pressurize step by step inside pressurized spherical shell, pressure process is wanted slowly, carries out suitable pressurize after every grade of pressurization, and the dwell time was no less than 5 minutes；After being shown that by data collecting system each observation station enters plasticity, continuing the ball that pressurizes until spherical shell becomes automatically, stop pressurization and enter pressurize, the dwell time is 10-30 minute, discharges the non-uniform residual stress introduced in ball process processed；After in the present invention, pressurize refers to stopping pressurization, Pressure gauge shows unchanged within a certain period of time；
Step 6: continuing to start compression pump and pressurize step by step, every grade of pressurization amplitude is less than previous step, makes spherical shell entirety enter follow-up yield deformation, until the strain of each observation station reaches more than 0.02, stops pressurization and carries out pressurize, and the dwell time is 5-30 minute；
Step 7: unloading, until structure inside and outside air pressure balance, forms circumference uniformly footpath and inwardly draws the directional stress state of external pressure；
Step 8: show directional stress numerical value by data collecting system, as the calibration value of packing pressure test；
Step 9: remove all foil gauges；
Step 10: open high tension thread duplex fitting and lower high tension thread duplex fitting, discharges spherical shell internal liquid。
Preferably, in above-mentioned step 5, after being shown that by data collecting system each observation station enters plasticity, continue pressurization until spherical shell each point strain rate maximum difference is less than 0.01s-1, spherical shell becomes ball automatically。
Preferably, in above-mentioned step 6, the strain of spherical shell each point reaches 0.02 ~ 0.3。
Preferably, the thickness requirement of above-mentioned spherical shell sheet material is that radius-thickness ratio is more than more than 1/50。
The material of above-mentioned spherical shell adopts aluminium alloy, rustless steel, high-strength steel or titanium alloy。
Preferably, the optional water of liquid medium, emulsion or resistance to force feed in above-mentioned step 4。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, makes pressurized spherical shell enter overall plastic property by intrinsic pressure, the directional stress formed after unloading。Directional stress makes wall thickness direction stress distribution uniform after superposing with working stress, improve spherical shell ultimate bearing capacity；
Its two, directional stress makes pressurized spherical shell inner surface tension, outer surface pressurized。Outer surface pressured state can effectively suppress corrosion and cracks can spread, makes utmost carrying ability improve 5%-15%。
Its three, under intrinsic pressure effect, spherical shell becomes round automatically, improves the geometric accuracy of spheroid, eliminates initial geometrical defect, make utmost carrying ability improve 5%-30%；
Its four, spherical shell enters after overall plastic property, and in ball process processed, the residual stress of introducing can be completely released, and eliminates initial stress defect, and spherical shell utmost carrying ability improves further；
Its five, due to the present invention be by stress process reach improve utmost carrying ability purpose, therefore can improve its bearing capacity under the premise not increasing construction weight, for relate to sea structure be greatly improved its buoyancy reserve, Deep-sea vessel meaning is especially prominent；
Its six, initial imperfection is had autonomous repair technology by the present invention, after therefore adopting this technology, the requirement on machining accuracy of the operation of ball processed is relatively low, greatly reduces the technology difficulty of ball processed；
Its seven, by data collecting system monitor in real time process, it may be achieved the accurate quantitative analysis of directional stress controls；
Its eight, by intrinsic pressure formation directional stress, only need to by compression pump to the internal fill liquid medium of spherical shell, frock is simple；Technical process is convenient to carry out, and not by the restriction of place, equipment tonnage and environment, therefore cost is extremely low；
Its nine, pressurized spherical shell is processed by the present invention on the basis of common process, it is possible to directly the existing equipment come into operation is transformed, improves its serviceability。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the ultimate principle figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is present system schematic flow sheet；
In upper figure: a is that untreated pressurized spherical shell is subject to outer compressive load rear wall thickness direction stress distribution, b is directional stress distribution in time processing not loaded, and c is that the pressurized spherical shell after this PROCESS FOR TREATMENT is subject to outer compressive load rear wall thickness direction stress distribution；
Pressurized spherical shell 1, upper high tension thread duplex fitting 2, lower high tension thread duplex fitting 3, foil gauge 4, data connecting line 5, data collecting system 6, high-voltage tube 7, compression pump 8, Pressure gauge 9。
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, the invention will be further described:
Step one: sheet material prepares, then passes through the common process such as welding or machining and manufactures pressurized spherical shell 1, and above-mentioned same as the prior art, this does not repeat；
Step 2: open the screwed hole of two diameters about 2 millimeters in spherical shell 1 symmetric position, and install high tension thread duplex fitting 2, lower high tension thread duplex fitting 3；
Step 3: with the centre of sphere for the center of circle, rules at spherical shell outer surface, and the circle formed is perpendicular to screwed hole axis。At 4 ~ 8 groups of foil gauges 4 of line place patch and make it be uniformly distributed circumferentially, often group foil gauge is respectively by tangential and be perpendicular to tangential two foil gauge and form。Being connected with data collecting system 6 by data connecting line 5 after foil gauge wiring, it act as determines elastic-plastic behavior residing for spherical shell 1 surface。Above-mentioned foil gauge patch method and mode of connection are same as the prior art, repeat no more；
Step 4: be connected with compression pump 8 by high tension thread joint 2 by high-voltage tube 7, is started compression pump 8 and fills liquid medium to pressurized spherical shell 1 is internal, be typically chosen water。After filling water, stop compression pump 8 and work, and high tension thread joint 3 is connect Pressure gauge 9 seal；
Step 5: continuing to start compression pump 8 and pressurize step by step to pressurized spherical shell 1 is internal, pressure process is wanted slowly, carries out suitable pressurize after every grade of pressurization, and the dwell time was no less than 5 minutes。After being shown that by data collecting system 6 each observation station enters plasticity, continue pressurization until each observation station strain rate maximum difference is less than 0.01s-1, spherical shell 1 becomes ball automatically, stops pressurization and enters pressurize, and the dwell time is 10-30 minute, discharge the non-uniform residual stress of introducing in ball process processed。After in the present invention, pressurize refers to stopping pressurization, Pressure gauge 9 shows unchanged within a certain period of time；
Step 6: continuing to start compression pump 8 and pressurize step by step, every grade of pressurization amplitude is less than previous step, makes the spherical shell 1 follow-up yield deformation of overall entrance, until the strain of each observation station reaches more than 0.02, stops pressurization and also carries out pressurize, and the dwell time is 5-30 minute。Final strain can according to related datas such as material behavior and spherical shell sizes and choose in 0.02 ~ 0.3 in conjunction with actual demand；
Step 7: unloading, until structure inside and outside air pressure balance, forms circumference uniformly footpath and inwardly draws the directional stress state of external pressure；
Step 8: show directional stress numerical value by data collecting system 6, as the calibration value of packing pressure test；
Step 9: remove all foil gauges；
Step 10: open high tension thread duplex fitting 2 and lower high tension thread duplex fitting 3,1 liquid in release spherical shell；
The sheet metal thickness of the present invention need to ensure that spherical shell radius-thickness ratio is more than more than 1/50。
Spherical shell material is aluminium alloy, rustless steel, high-strength steel or titanium alloy。
Liquid medium is water, emulsion or resistance to force feed。
The present invention makes pressurized spherical shell enter overall plastic property by intrinsic pressure, the directional stress formed after unloading。Directional stress makes wall thickness direction stress distribution uniform after superposing with working stress, improve spherical shell ultimate bearing capacity, and its operation principle is as shown in Figure 1；A is that untreated pressurized spherical shell is subject to outer compressive load rear wall thickness direction stress distribution, and b is directional stress distribution in time processing not loaded, and c is that the pressurized spherical shell after this PROCESS FOR TREATMENT is subject to outer compressive load rear wall thickness direction stress distribution。
Claims (6)
1. strengthen a process for pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps realization:
Step one: sheet material prepares, then passes through welding or mechanical processing technique manufactures pressurized spherical shell (1)；
Step 2: open two screwed holes in spherical shell (1) symmetric position, and install high tension thread duplex fitting (2) and lower high tension thread duplex fitting (3)；
Step 3: with the centre of sphere for the center of circle, rules at spherical shell outer surface, and the circle formed is perpendicular to screwed hole axis；4 ~ 8 groups of foil gauges (4) of line place patch and make it be uniformly distributed circumferentially, often group foil gauge is respectively by tangential and be perpendicular to tangential two foil gauge and form, being connected with data collecting system (6) by data connecting line (5) after foil gauge wiring, it act as determines elastic-plastic behavior residing for spherical shell (1) surface；
Step 4: upper high tension thread duplex fitting (2) is connected with compression pump (8) by high-voltage tube (7), start compression pump (8) and fill liquid medium to pressurized spherical shell (1) is internal, after filling liquid, stop compression pump (8) work, and high tension thread joint (3) is connect Pressure gauge (9) sealing；
Step 5: continuing to start compression pump (8) and pressurize step by step to pressurized spherical shell (1) is internal, pressure process is wanted slowly, carries out suitable pressurize after every grade of pressurization, and the dwell time was no less than 5 minutes；After being shown that by data collecting system (6) each observation station enters plasticity, continuing the ball that pressurizes until spherical shell (1) becomes automatically, stop pressurization and enter pressurize, the dwell time is 10-30 minute, discharges the non-uniform residual stress introduced in ball process processed；After in the present invention, pressurize refers to stopping pressurization, Pressure gauge (9) shows unchanged within a certain period of time；
Step 6: continue to start compression pump (8) and pressurize step by step, every grade of pressurization amplitude is less than previous step, makes spherical shell (1) the follow-up yield deformation of overall entrance, until the strain of each observation station reaches more than 0.02, stopping pressurization and carry out pressurize, the dwell time is 5-30 minute；
Step 7: unloading, until structure inside and outside air pressure balance, forms circumference uniformly footpath and inwardly draws the directional stress state of external pressure；
Step 8: show directional stress numerical value by data collecting system (6), as the calibration value of packing pressure test；
Step 9: remove all foil gauges；
Step 10: open high tension thread duplex fitting (2) and lower high tension thread duplex fitting (3), discharges spherical shell (1) internal liquid。
2. the process of enhancing pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 5, after being shown that by data collecting system (6) each observation station enters plasticity, continue pressurization until spherical shell (1) each point strain rate maximum difference is less than 0.01s-1, spherical shell (1) becomes ball automatically。
3. the process of enhancing pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step 6, the strain of spherical shell (1) each point reaches 0.02 ~ 0.3。
4. the process of enhancing pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thickness requirement of described spherical shell (1) sheet material is that radius-thickness ratio is more than more than 1/50。
5. the process of enhancing pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the material of described spherical shell (1) adopts aluminium alloy, rustless steel, high-strength steel or titanium alloy。
6. the process of enhancing pressure-resistance structure bearing capacity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the optional water of liquid medium, emulsion or resistance to force feed in described step 4。
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| CN104259693B (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-02-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 | The assembly tooling of deep-sea spherical shell pressure-resistance structure and forming method |
| EP3460413B1 (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2020-04-01 | Okamoto Glass Co., Ltd. | Pressure-resistant glass sphere |
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| GB1173501A (en) * | 1966-01-24 | 1969-12-10 | Uniroyal Inc | Hollow Spherical Bodies. |
| CN101172518A (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2008-05-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Overpressure resistant buoyant device in deep water |
| CN101655829A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2010-02-24 | 湖南师范大学 | External pressure self-intensification cylinder and design calculation and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102268544A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-12-07 | 四川蓝星机械有限公司 | Preparation method of leaching pellet |
| CN102410023A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-04-11 | 中南大学 | Deep-ocean inflatable floating ball |
| CN102962308A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Special internal high pressure shaping method for thin-wall welded shell |
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2013
- 2013-07-30 CN CN201310324629.7A patent/CN103406724B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3283348A (en) * | 1964-03-26 | 1966-11-08 | Sanders Associates Inc | High strength prestressed spherical sonobuoy |
| GB1173501A (en) * | 1966-01-24 | 1969-12-10 | Uniroyal Inc | Hollow Spherical Bodies. |
| CN101172518A (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2008-05-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Overpressure resistant buoyant device in deep water |
| CN101655829A (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2010-02-24 | 湖南师范大学 | External pressure self-intensification cylinder and design calculation and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102268544A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-12-07 | 四川蓝星机械有限公司 | Preparation method of leaching pellet |
| CN102410023A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-04-11 | 中南大学 | Deep-ocean inflatable floating ball |
| CN102962308A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-03-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Special internal high pressure shaping method for thin-wall welded shell |
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Effective date of registration: 20170706 Address after: 266109 Shandong Province, Qingdao city Chengyang District Street projects Li Xian Zhuang community 970. Patentee after: Qingdao crown Equipment Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 264209 Weihai Cultural Road West, Shandong, No. 2 Patentee before: Chu Guannan |
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