CN103400524B - A method and system for realizing relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for realizing relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization. The system comprises a testing signal generation system, a virtual protection device, a virtual secondary circuit and a visualization unit, wherein the testing signal generation system is used for generating testing signals; the virtual protection device is used for receiving the instantaneous quantity, the steady-state quantity or the positive-sequence, negative-sequence and zero sequence components of the testing signal generation system, generating a current switching quantity variable of logic diagrams for protection, tripping, reclosing and the like, and transmitting the current switching quantity variables to the visualization unit; and the visualization unit is used for extracting the current switching quantity variable of the virtual protection device, the new switching quantity variable of the virtual secondary circuit and a switching quantity variable produced through operation, and generating visualized action images. The method and the system for realizing relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization have the beneficial effects that the visualized action images are displayed through two ways, i.e. sampling-point-by-sampling-point control and period-by-period control, and the modules of the system are clear and the training and the learning are facilitated.

Description

A method and system for realizing relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization

technical field

The invention relates to the field of relay protection and simulation of electric power systems, in particular to a method and system for realizing relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization.

Background technique

With the rapid development of relay protection technology, the functions of relay protection devices based on computer technology are becoming more and more perfect and powerful, which puts forward higher requirements for the theoretical level, practical operation level and fault analysis ability of relay protection workers . Relay protection personnel should not only operate the relay protection device correctly, but also be able to test various states of the relay protection device and analyze the test results. The wrong operation and analysis of the relay protection device will directly endanger the safe and stable operation of the power system. Once an accident occurs, the loss to the national economy will be very huge.

Relay protection devices based on computer technology have powerful functions and excellent performance. With the continuous improvement of computerization and integration of relay protection devices, the logic of relay protection devices and related circuits composed of hard wires is becoming less and less. Program or digital circuit (chip) implementation. Compared with traditional protection, the microcomputer relay protection device and related circuit action process are invisible. The invisible feature of this process makes it difficult for on-site technicians to grasp the working principle and operating characteristics of the relay protection device. These changes make it difficult for relay protection and electrical operation staff to accurately grasp the relay protection device and related circuits. . The characteristics of the power system operation determine that it is not possible to conduct long-term repeated tests on the on-site relay protection device to verify the internal logic process of the relay protection device. However, the traditional classroom teaching mode lacks systematic and vivid scenarios. Therefore, it is very necessary to implement the project of "visualization of relay protection and related loop debugging process".

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for realizing the visualization of relay protection and secondary circuit debugging in view of the invisible problems existing in the existing relay protection logic and secondary circuit operation process, which are clear and correct It clearly shows the whole logic process from protection to tripping.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for solving the problems of the technologies described above is:

A method for realizing relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization, comprising the following steps:

1) According to the normal operation state and fault state of the power system, generate test signals such as voltage, current, and fault state required for testing relay protection, and output the generated voltage, current, and fault state in chronological order. The generated voltage and current The signal contains instantaneous quantity, steady state quantity or positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components, and completes the simulation of fault states such as single-phase ground short-circuit fault, two-phase short-circuit ground fault, two-phase short-circuit fault, and three-phase short-circuit fault;

2) Calculate the voltage and current values by using the instantaneous quantity, steady state quantity or positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components generated in the above step 1) through the Fourier algorithm, and generate the current switching variable of logic diagrams such as protection, tripping and reclosing;

3) According to the current switching variable provided in the above step 2), perform the visual test of the operating element before adding the sampling point and the visual test of the operation box circuit after the switching variable action. The visual test of the operating element generates a new switching variable and operates the box circuit. The visual test generates output variables such as single-phase trip, three-phase trip, and three-phase permanent trip through calculation;

4) Extract the primary output variable in step 2) above, the secondary switching variable in step 3) and the output variable generated by the operation to generate a visual action screen.

According to the above scheme, the generation of the test signal in step 1) specifically includes the following operations:

a. Select the signal channel;

b. Select the signal type;

c. Set the harmonic ratio;

d. Set the action step length;

e. Input voltage and current amplitude phase angle;

f. Click Next to start running.

According to the above scheme, the visualized action screen in step 4) is displayed through two control methods: one by one sampling point control and one by one cycle control:

a. One by one sampling point control: each sampling point generates a test signal, generates the protection logic binary input and output variables of the current sampling point, and generates the current logic state and secondary loop display variables;

b. Cycle-by-cycle control: generate a test signal every 20ms, generate protection logic binary input and binary output variables after a cycle, generate logic state and secondary loop display variables after this cycle;

By default, 24 sampling points are taken in one cycle, and the switching of the visual control mode is realized in step 1) setting the action step size, and the real on-site protection logic and control loop picture are realized according to the passage of time. If the step size is selected as 1, it is adopted one by one Sampling point control mode; if the step size is selected as 24, the cycle-by-period control mode is adopted.

According to the above scheme, the specific methods of the visual test of the operating elements and the visual test of the operation box circuit in the above step 3) are as follows:

a) The visual test of the operating components is carried out before the test signal system adds sampling points. The method is: click the pressure plate, air switch and button, observe whether the status of the button or indicator light changes and record it in the main interface column, and click the loop button 1 in turn , 2, 3, 4, observe whether the corresponding pressure plate and air opening change accordingly, and record the change according to the table;

b) Visual test of the operation box circuit, after the action of the virtual protection device: when the tripping logic issues a single trip command, a triple trip command and the closing logic issues a reclosing command, check whether the circuit breaker action button of the secondary circuit appears, click After the button is pressed, whether there is a corresponding change in the circuit of the operation box.

The present invention also provides a visual system for relay protection and secondary circuit debugging, which includes:

1) The test signal generation system is used to generate test signals such as voltage, current and fault status required for testing relay protection according to the normal operating status and fault status of the power system, and to generate voltage, current and fault status in chronological order Output, the generated voltage and current signals include instantaneous quantities, steady-state quantities or positive-sequence, negative-sequence and zero-sequence components, and complete fault status such as single-phase ground short-circuit fault, two-phase short-circuit ground fault, two-phase short-circuit fault, three-phase short-circuit fault, etc. simulation;

The test signal generation system includes a control button, a signal channel selection module, a harmonic component setting module, a step size control module, a time processing and a display output module, wherein the signal channel selection module is used to select a signal channel, and the harmonic component setting module It is used to set the harmonic ratio, the step size control module is used to set the action step size, and the time processing and display output module is used to display the time and the set test signal;

2) Virtual protection device, which simulates the AC circuit, protection logic, trip outlet and device power supply of the real protection device, and is used to pass the instantaneous quantity, steady-state quantity or positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components generated by the above test signal generation system through Fourier The leaf algorithm calculates the voltage and current values, and generates the current switching variables of logic diagrams such as protection, tripping, and reclosing (the virtual protection device determines the action result according to the set test signal, its own pressure plate, fixed value, and whether it is alarming or not);

3) Virtual secondary circuit, simulating the manual closing circuit, manual tripping circuit, pressure monitoring and blocking circuit, circuit breaker closing and tripping circuit, signal circuit, circuit breaker jump prevention circuit, external circuit, voltage switching circuit of real equipment, for According to the current switching variable provided by the above-mentioned virtual protection device, the visual test of the operating element before adding the sampling point and the visual test of the operation box circuit after the switching variable action are performed. The visual test of the operating element generates a new switching variable, and the visual test of the operating box circuit Generate output variables such as single-phase trip, three-phase trip, and three-phase permanent trip through calculation;

4) The visualization unit includes two parts: the protection device logic visualization unit and the secondary circuit visualization unit. The protection device logic visualization unit is used to extract the current output variables of the above-mentioned virtual protection device to generate a visualized action screen; The loop visualization unit is used to extract the new switching variable and the output variable generated by the operation of the above-mentioned virtual secondary loop, and generate a visualized action picture;

The test signal generation system is connected to the virtual protection device, the virtual protection device is connected to the virtual secondary circuit, and both the virtual protection device and the virtual secondary circuit are connected to the visualization unit.

According to the above scheme, the visualization unit is controlled by the time of the test signal generation system, and is displayed one by one sampling point or one by one cycle:

a. One by one sampling point control: each sampling point generates a test signal, generates the protection logic binary input and output variables of the current sampling point, and generates the current logic state and secondary loop display variables;

b. Cycle-by-cycle control: generate a test signal every 20ms, generate protection logic binary input and binary output variables after a cycle, generate logic state and secondary loop display variables after this cycle;

By default, 24 sampling points are taken in one cycle. The switching of the control mode of the visualization unit is realized in the action step setting of the test signal generation system, and the real on-site protection logic and control loop screen are realized according to the passage of time. If the step size is selected as 1, Then adopt the sampling point control mode one by one; if the step size is selected as 24, then adopt the cycle-by-period control mode.

According to the above scheme, the fault state simulated in the test signal generation system includes two kinds of transient fault and permanent fault, and the virtual protection device produces a tripping result consistent with the real protection device according to the voltage and current signals input at different times; The current signal is coordinated with time. If only the voltage and current values in the three states of normal state, fault state and coincidence state are input as time goes by, the simulation is a transient fault at this time; if the input normal state, fault state, coincidence state The voltage and current values in the four states of state and permanent state, at this time, the simulation is a permanent fault.

The working principle of the present invention: the test signal generation system generates the test signal, the virtual protection device receives the instantaneous quantity, steady state quantity or three-sequence component of the test signal generation system, calculates the voltage and current value through the Fourier algorithm, and generates protection, tripping and reclosing The current switching variable of the logic diagram such as gate and pass it to the visualization unit; the virtual secondary circuit receives the current switching variable of the virtual protection device, generates a new switching variable and switches such as single-phase tripping, three-phase tripping, and three-phase permanent tripping The output variable is passed to the visualization unit; the visualization unit extracts the current output variable of the virtual protection device, the new switching variable of the virtual secondary circuit and the output variable generated by the operation, and generates a visual action screen.

The present invention has the beneficial effect compared with prior art:

1. Existing skills training systems generally use actual equipment for simulation, and the investment is very high, and the product models are quickly outdated and difficult to update. The present invention takes multimedia technology as the core and uses real relay protection devices as the core Object, a visualization system of relay protection and related circuit debugging process is established, and the internal logic of the virtual protection device from measurement, judgment, start-up and execution and the action process of the virtual secondary circuit before the fault occurs, when the fault occurs and after the fault is removed It is fully displayed to realize the visualization of the real relay protection and related loop debugging process;

2. The first point-by-point simulation method of relay protection and secondary circuit action process based on sampling values;

3. The visualized system organically organizes the relay protection device debugging process simulation and skill training together to form an integrated platform for theoretical training and operation training, effectively reducing the training cost of repeated introduction of equipment and greatly improving training efficiency and The quality of training, the process of learning on computers, the safety of the operating environment;

4. The visualized system module design of the present invention is clear, and the interface switching is relatively simple. It is not only an independent relay protection simulation training system, but also has the visualization function of protection devices and secondary circuits. The main targets are relay protection professionals. , and can also carry out training on relay protection operation for substation operators. Practice has proved that trainees can generally be familiar with the use of the system within two hours.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of visualization system of the present invention;

Figure 2 is the differential protection logic diagram of the RCS-931 protection device;

Fig. 3 is a logic diagram of reclosing time widening;

Fig. 4 is a logic diagram of distance protection time delay;

Figure 5 is the AC current and voltage circuit diagram of the WXH-803 protection device.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention aims at the computerized relay protection device widely used in Hubei power grid, and realizes the visualization of the loop debugging process.

The system for realizing relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization described in the present invention includes a test signal generation system, a virtual protection device, a virtual secondary circuit and a visualization unit:

1) The test signal generation system is used to generate the voltage, current and fault state required for testing relay protection according to the normal operation state and fault state of the power system (fault state signals include: three-phase short circuit, two-phase short circuit, two-phase Phase short-circuit grounding, single-phase grounding fault; fault nature includes: transient, permanent) and other test signals, and the generated voltage, current and fault status are output in chronological order, and the generated voltage and current signals include instantaneous, steady-state Complete the simulation of fault states such as single-phase ground short-circuit fault, two-phase short-circuit ground fault, two-phase short-circuit fault and three-phase short-circuit fault;

The test signal generation system includes a control button, a signal channel selection module, a harmonic component setting module, a step size control module, a time processing and a display output module, wherein the signal channel selection module is used to select a signal channel, and the harmonic component setting module It is used to set the harmonic ratio, the step size control module is used to set the action step size, and the time processing and display output module is used to display the time and the set test signal;

2) The virtual protection device simulates the AC circuit, protection logic, trip outlet and device power supply of the real protection device, and is used to pass the instantaneous quantity, steady-state quantity or positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components generated by the above test signal generation system The Fourier algorithm calculates the voltage and current values, and generates the current switching variables of logic diagrams such as protection, tripping, and reclosing (the virtual protection device determines the action result according to the set test signal, its own pressure plate, fixed value, and whether it is alarming or not);

3) The virtual secondary circuit simulates the manual closing circuit, manual tripping circuit, pressure monitoring and blocking circuit, circuit breaker closing and tripping circuit, signal circuit, circuit breaker skip prevention circuit, external connection circuit and voltage switching circuit of real equipment, It is used to carry out the visual test of the operating element before adding the sampling point and the visual test of the operation box circuit after the switching variable action according to the current switching variable provided by the above-mentioned virtual protection device. The visual test of the operating element generates a new switching variable and the operating box circuit The visual test generates output variables such as single-phase trip, three-phase trip, and three-phase permanent trip through calculation;

4) The visualization unit includes two parts: the logic visualization unit of the protection device and the visualization unit of the secondary circuit. The logic visualization unit of the protection device is used to extract the current output variable of the above-mentioned virtual protection device to generate a visualized action screen; The secondary loop visualization unit is used to extract the new switching variable and the output variable generated by the operation of the above-mentioned virtual secondary loop to generate a visualized action picture;

The test signal generation system is connected to the virtual protection device, the virtual protection device is connected to the virtual secondary circuit, and both the virtual protection device and the virtual secondary circuit are connected to the visualization unit.

In order to realize the visualization of the protection logic and control loop, it is necessary to distinguish the on-off status of the logic loop and the secondary loop in different states. Since the variables of the logic loop and the secondary loop input visualization system of the protection device are all logic variables, that is, they have 0 and 1 characteristic variables, so it is only necessary to set each element in the logic circuit and the secondary circuit to two states of conduction and disconnection. When the input logic is 1, the conduction state is displayed; when the input logic is 0 Displays the disconnected state.

The manual closing circuit, manual tripping circuit, pressure monitoring and blocking circuit, circuit breaker closing and tripping circuit, signal circuit, anti-circuit breaker jumping circuit, external circuit and voltage switching circuit of the real equipment simulated by the virtual secondary circuit are respectively :

①Manual closing circuit: including the manual closing relay SHJ, when the manual or other control is closed, the manual closing relay SHJ acts, its contacts are closed, and the output contacts go to the closing circuit through the closing holding relay HBJ to realize manual switching. closing;

②Manual tripping circuit: including the manual tripping relay STJ, when the manual or other control trips, the manual tripping relay STJ acts, and the tripping pulse is sent to the circuit breaker by the moving contact to trip the circuit breaker, and the STJ contact is connected to the tripping signal to start After the TXJI coil of the relay, in order to distinguish whether it is a protection trip or a manual trip;

③Pressure monitoring and locking circuit: It is composed of tripping pressure locking relay 1YJJ, pressure drop prohibiting closing relay 2YJJ and pressure abnormality prohibiting operation relay 3YJJ. i) When the gas (hydraulic) pressure is normal, the tripping pressure blocking relay 1YJJ is in the excitation state The trip circuit is connected; when the gas (hydraulic) pressure drops to the pressure that does not allow the circuit breaker to trip, the corresponding contact of the pressure gauge will act to demagnetize 1YJJ, and its contacts will return to disconnect the trip circuit; ii) when the gas ( When the hydraulic pressure is normal, the pressure drop prohibits the closing relay 2YJJ in the excitation state, and the closing circuit is connected; when the gas (hydraulic) pressure drops to the pressure that does not allow the circuit breaker to close, the corresponding contact of the pressure gauge will act, so that 2YJJ demagnetizes and disconnects the closing circuit; the pressure drop prohibits closing. The relay 2YJJ has a delay return function, which can effectively prevent the circuit breaker from vibrating when the circuit breaker recloses, causing the pressure contact to be blocked by mistake; iii) When the gas (hydraulic) pressure is normal When the pressure is abnormal, the operation prohibition relay 3YJJ is not excited. When the pressure reaches the prohibition operation pressure, the abnormal pressure operation prohibition relay 3YJJ is excited, and its moving contact is closed, so that 1YJJ and 2YJJ are shorted and lose excitation, and the tripping and closing circuit is disconnected. ; In order to prevent the failure of the gas (hydraulic) pressure locking link due to poor contact of the gas (hydraulic) pressure contact that controls the tripping and closing during operation, 1YJJ, 2YJJ, and 3YJJ are equipped with warning signals;

④ Circuit breaker closing and tripping circuit: It is composed of circuit breaker closing circuit and circuit breaker tripping circuit. The circuit breaker closing circuit is composed of the contact of manual closing relay SHJ, the dynamic breaking contact group of anti-jump relay TBJ, and the tripping position monitoring relay TWJ is composed; circuit breaker trip circuit is composed of protection trip contact, manual trip relay STJ contact, anti-jump current relay TBJI and its self-holding contact, trip signal start relay TXJI, closing position relay HWJ and trip pressure lockout relay 1YJJ The circuit breaker closing and tripping circuit can not only realize the tripping and closing operation of the three-phase circuit breaker, but also monitor the tripping position and closing position. For the first set of three-phase double tripping coil circuit breaker operating circuit, the tripping circuit consists of two Set of identical three-phase single-trip circuits;

⑤Signal circuit: including the trip signal relay TXJI in the trip circuit, which is used to judge whether the protection refuses to move or the circuit breaker refuses to move. The manual trip contact is connected after the trip signal relay TXJI coil, and the manual trip does not send a signal, so as to distinguish the protection trip and manual tripping; the tripping signal relay TXJI adopts a double-position relay, and the signal relay outputs two pairs of contacts, which can respectively start the central signal and event recording;

⑥ Anti-circuit breaker jump circuit: It is composed of anti-jump current relay TBJI and anti-jump voltage relay TBJV. The action current of TBJI is adaptive according to the action current of the trip coil of the circuit breaker; The current can only rise gradually, and when the switching time of the auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is close to or faster than the tripping time of the main contact, the existence time of the tripping current will be very short, so TBJI adopts a fast relay to ensure reliable startup in this case; After the tripping current relay TBJI operates, it maintains itself with its own moving contact to ensure reliable tripping of the circuit breaker. The anti-jumping voltage relay TBJV is connected in parallel to the closing circuit through the other moving contact of the anti-jumping current relay TBJI, and the two pairs are connected in parallel. The breaker contact group of the anti-jump voltage relay is connected in series in the closing circuit. If the closing pulse is not released when tripping, the current coil of TBJI will be excited and kept through TBJI-2 until the auxiliary contact of the circuit breaker is opened. At the same time, the other circuit breaker of TBJI One contact TBJI-1 is closed, and the anti-jump voltage relay TBJV is maintained by the closing pulse power supply. TBJV-1 and TBJV-2 disconnect the closing circuit, so that the circuit breaker will not close again after tripping. Only when the closing pulse is released, After the anti-jump voltage relay TBJV loses power, the closing circuit is turned on, so as to prevent multiple "jump-close" phenomena of the circuit breaker;

⑦External circuit: There are contacts to reflect the status of the circuit breaker and each circuit monitored by the protection device, including the position signal of the circuit breaker used to start the accident sound and send remote signals, the contact to reflect the disconnection of the control circuit, and the power supply monitoring of the operation circuit Circuit contacts and pressure locking relay contacts reflecting the gas (liquid) pressure of the circuit breaker;

⑧Voltage switching circuit: according to the needs, select the secondary voltage switch for one set of double busbar or double busbar with bypass wiring system, or choose to have the secondary voltage for two sets of double busbar or double busbar with bypass wiring system Switching; the secondary voltage switching circuit of the busbar is controlled by the auxiliary contact of the primary isolation knife of the power system. Protection device or instrument; the voltage switching relay can choose a two-position relay, which can effectively prevent the protection from losing the AC voltage and misoperation due to the poor contact of the auxiliary contact of the isolation knife or the device losing control power, and the voltage switching relay returns; the voltage switching relay can also be used A single-position relay is selected. When the two busbar switching relays of the switching device are in the reset state, their movable contacts are connected in series to form a voltage-loss alarm signal for the device. Can send switching relay simultaneous action signal.

The visualization method of the above-mentioned relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization system includes the following (1) to (4) steps:

(1) Generate test signal

The test signal generation system generates test signals such as voltage, current and fault state required for testing relay protection according to the normal operation state and fault state of the power system, specifically including the following operations:

a. Select the signal channel;

b. Select the signal type;

c. Set the harmonic ratio;

d. Set the action step length;

e. Input voltage and current amplitude phase angle;

f. Click Next to start the system;

The generated voltage, current and fault status are output in time order, and the generated voltage and current signals include instantaneous quantity, steady state quantity or positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence components, and complete single-phase ground short circuit fault, two phase short circuit ground fault, two phase Simulation of fault states such as short-circuit faults and three-phase short-circuit faults.

(2) Visual testing of protective devices

Simulate the AC circuit, protection logic, trip outlet, and device power supply of the real protection device through the virtual protection device, and calculate the voltage through the Fourier algorithm for the instantaneous quantity, steady-state quantity or positive-sequence, negative-sequence and zero-sequence components generated by the above-mentioned test signal generation system The current value generates the current switching variable of logic diagrams such as protection, tripping, and reclosing (the virtual protection device determines the action result according to the set test signal, its own pressure plate, fixed value, and whether it is alarming or not);

The visual test of the protection device is carried out synchronously with the generation of the test signal. With the output of the test signal simulated by the test signal generation system, the setting of the control word and the passage of time, the action and output of each component in the protection logic are judged. The basis is: the recloser is "disabled", the switch position is "normal"; the recloser is "single weight", the switch position is "normal", and the instantaneous fault:

i) Reclosing "deactivated", switch position "normal"

ii) Recloser "single weight", switch position "normal", instantaneous fault

In addition to the above-mentioned basic detection methods, the protection device also provides the influence of other control word settings on the protection action, such as II stage closing weight, multi-phase blocking reclosing, single jump mode, triple jump mode, single weight, triple weight, etc. The influence of the control word on the protection tripping mode and reclosing mode.

The visualization of protection devices includes not only basic protection logics such as differential protection, distance protection, and zero-sequence protection, but also the visualization of action logics such as tripping logic, charging logic, and reclosing logic. RCS-931 (Nanjing Nanrui Jibao Electric Co., Ltd.), WXH-803 (Xu Ji Electric Co., Ltd.), CSC-103 (Beijing Sifang Jibao Automation Co., Ltd.) device visualization system is used to realize 220kV line protection RCS- Display of protection logic and secondary circuit action of 931, WXH-803, and CSC-103 devices in various operating states; PST-1200 (Guodian Nanjing Automation Co., Ltd.) device visualization system is used to realize 220kV transformer protection PST-1200 Display of the protection logic and secondary circuit action of the device under various operating conditions; BP-2C (Shenzhen Nari Relay Protection Company) device visualization system is used to realize the 220kV busbar protection BP-2C device under various operating conditions Display of protection logic and secondary circuit action. Taking the differential protection logic of the RCS-931 protection device as an example, the realization method of the visualization of the protection device of this system is explained. The differential protection logic diagram of the RCS-931 protection device is shown in Figure 2, and its implementation steps are as follows:

1) Set each binary input, connection line, logic gate and output as a single component, and set two states (red and black) and a logic variable (1 or 0) for each component;

2) Calculate according to the voltage and current signals of the test system and the position status of the circuit breaker fed back by the secondary circuit (the background program is completed), and judge whether the 12 binary input variables of the differential protection are 1;

3) Deduce the logic variables of each component according to the electronic components (AND gate, OR gate and NOT gate) in the logic diagram;

4) Change the state of the element according to the logic variable of each element: when the logic variable is 1, state 2 (red) is displayed, and when the logic variable is 0, state 1 (black) is displayed.

Apparently, the visualization of differential logic is an independent program, and the difference in the state display of each component is controlled by the input logic quantity. The test system only needs to output different analog quantities at different sampling points or periods, and the state of the differential logic display can be changed through the protection algorithm to meet the visualization requirements of the protection device.

There are two difficulties encountered in the visualization of protection devices: the processing of time stretching elements and delay elements. The state changes of these two time elements are not only affected by logical variables, but also by the duration of logical variable changes. The two problems and their solutions are described below by taking distance protection logic and reclosing logic as examples.

Time stretching problem and solution: The logic diagram of reclosing time stretching is shown in Figure 3. When M6=1, the reclosing outlet KC=1, when M6 becomes 0, the reclosing outlet returns after a delay of 120ms; solution:

a) Design a clock variable tn to record the current time (the time is constantly refreshed);

b) When the M6 logic variable changes from 0 to 1, the logic of the reclosing outlet variable becomes 1, at this time record the current time t1, and set it as a constant (does not change over time);

c) When the M6 logic variable changes from 1 to 0, the logic of the reclosing outlet variable depends on the value of the variable YS, at this time record the current time t1, and set it as a constant (does not change over time);

d) Increase variable YS, when tn-t1>1200, YS=1;

e) Increase logic: when YS=1 and M6=0, the logic of reclosing outlet variable becomes 0;

Time delay problem and solution: the logic diagram of distance protection time delay is shown in Figure 4. When M18=1, the delay element YS=0; when the element M18=1 lasts for 25ms, the delay element YS=1. Solution:

a) Design a clock variable tn to record the current time (the time is constantly refreshed);

b) When the M18 logic variable changes from 0 to 1, the delay element YS=0, at this time record the current time t1, and set it as a constant (does not change over time);

c) increase the variable YS;

d) When the logic variable of M18 is 1, keep the value of t1 unchanged, and when tn-t1>25, YS=1;

e) When the M18 logic variable is 0, t1=tn, when tn-t1=0<25, YS=0.

(3) Secondary loop visual test

Simulate the manual closing circuit, manual tripping circuit, pressure monitoring and blocking circuit, circuit breaker closing and tripping circuit, signal circuit, circuit breaker jump prevention circuit, external connection circuit and voltage switching circuit of the real equipment through the virtual secondary circuit, according to the above virtual protection The current switching variable provided by the device is used for the visual test of the operating element before adding the sampling point and the visual test of the operation box loop after the switching variable action. The visual test of the operating element generates a new switching variable, and the visual test of the operating box loop generates a single Phase trip, three-phase trip, three-phase permanent trip and other output variables;

The specific methods of the visual test of the operating elements and the visual test of the operating box circuit are as follows:

a) The visual test of the operating components is carried out before the test signal system adds sampling points. The method is: click the pressure plate, air switch and button, observe whether the status of the button or indicator light changes and record it in the main interface column, and click the loop button 1 in turn , 2, 3, 4, observe whether the corresponding pressure plate and air opening change accordingly, and record the change according to the table;

b) Visual test of the operation box circuit, after the action of the virtual protection device: when the tripping logic issues a single trip command, a triple trip command and the closing logic issues a reclosing command, check whether the circuit breaker action button of the secondary circuit appears, click After the button is pressed, whether there is a corresponding change in the circuit of the operation box.

The visualization of the secondary loop consists of two parts: the DC loop and the AC loop. The general principle of its design is the current law, that is, when all the switches in a circuit are closed, the line is turned on. The design of its AC circuit is relatively simple, which is realized by the circuit breaker and voltage switching device of the protection device.

The following takes the AC current and voltage circuit of the WXH-803 device as an example to illustrate the realization of the visualization of the AC circuit. The AC current and voltage circuit diagram of the WXH-803 protection device is shown in Figure 5. The voltage circuit design steps are as follows:

Set all contacts, terminals, connecting wires and circuit breakers in the circuit as components, and divide them into two states;

a) Set logic variables for all contacts in the circuit, and their variables are controlled by corresponding circuit breakers or relay coils. For example, the 1ZKK contact is controlled by the air switch 1ZKK, when 1ZKK is closed, the logic variable takes 1; when 1ZKK is closed, the logic variable takes 0. The YQJ contact is controlled by the YQJ relay. When the I voltage is taken, the logic variable of the 1YQJ1-1, 1YQJ1-2 and 1YQJ2-1 contacts is 1, and the logic variable of the 2YQJ1-1, 2YQJ1-2 and 2YQJ2-1 contacts is 0; And vice versa.

b) When all logic variables in a loop are 1, the loop is turned on, and all components display state 2 (components turn red); otherwise, all components display state 1 (components turn black).

c) The design method of the current loop is relatively simple, because the current loop is not affected by the circuit breaker and contacts, so the logic in the current loop is taken from the current discrimination switch input in the protection logic. When there is current in phase A, the current loop of phase A is turned on; when there is current in phase B, the current loop of phase B is turned on; when there is current in phase C, the current loop of phase C is turned on; when any of A, B, and C When there is current in the phase, it is judged that N is turned on.

The design principle of the DC circuit is roughly the same as that of the AC circuit, both of which use the current law. The difference is:

a) Each circuit contact is controlled by hard pressure plate, circuit breaker and relay variables;

b) There is a logical relationship between various DC circuits, which is represented by relays;

c) The conduction of the loop can change the logic variable of the relay, that is, when a loop is turned on, the variable of the relay connected to the loop is set to 1, otherwise it is set to 0;

d) Set the contacts and coils of the same relay to the same variable.

(4) Generate a visual action screen

Through the logic visualization unit of the protection device in the visualization unit, the current output variable of the above-mentioned virtual protection device is extracted to generate a visualized action screen; through the visualization unit of the secondary circuit in the visualization unit, the new value of the virtual secondary circuit is extracted The switching variable and the output variable generated by the operation are extracted to generate a visual action screen.

In order to show the difference between the virtual protection device and the virtual secondary circuit in various states from the input of the fault voltage and current to the protection trip, the visualization unit is controlled by the time of the test signal generation system, and is displayed one by one sampling point or cycle by cycle:

a. One by one sampling point control: each sampling point generates a test signal, generates the protection logic binary input and output variables of the current sampling point, and generates the current logic state and secondary loop display variables;

b. Cycle-by-cycle control: generate a test signal every 20ms, generate protection logic binary input and binary output variables after a cycle, generate logic state and secondary loop display variables after this cycle;

By default, 24 sampling points are taken in one cycle. The switching of the control mode of the visualization unit is realized in the action step setting of the test signal generation system, and the real on-site protection logic and control loop screen are realized according to the passage of time. If the step size is selected as 1, Then adopt the sampling point control mode one by one; if the step size is selected as 24, then adopt the cycle-by-period control mode.

The Fourier algorithm is used for the current and voltage signals during faults. The basic idea of the Fourier algorithm comes from the Fourier series, that is, a periodic function can be decomposed into infinite series of DC components, fundamental waves and harmonics, such as

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}{\overset{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&infin;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cos</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; n\&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; sin</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>$

In the formula, ω ₁ represents the angular frequency of the fundamental wave; a _n and b _n represent the amplitudes of the sine and cosine terms of each harmonic, and the special ones are: b ₀ represents the DC component, and a ₁ and b ₁ represent The magnitude of the sine and cosine terms of the fundamental component. According to the principle of Fourier series, a _n and b _n can be calculated as:

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Integral;</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; sin</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; n\&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; dt</span>}$

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Integral;</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cos</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; n\&omega;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; dt</span>}$

So the nth harmonic current component can be expressed as i _n (t)=b _n cos(nω ₁ t)+a _n sin(nω ₁ t)

According to this, the effective value of the nth harmonic current component can be obtained as

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; I</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; t</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\sqrt{\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}}$

Among them, a _n and b _n can be approximated by trapezoidal integral method as

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; a</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; sin</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; kn\&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>$

${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; [</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cos</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; kn\&pi;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ]</span>$

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (7)

1. realize relay protection and a secondary circuit debugging visualization method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

1) voltage, electric current and the malfunction test signal required for test relay protection is generated according to the normal operating condition of electric system, malfunction, and the voltage of generation, electric current and malfunction are exported according to time sequencing, the voltage generated, current signal comprise instantaneous flow, steady-state quantity or positive sequence negative phase-sequence zero-sequence component, complete the simulation of single-phase grounding fault, line to line fault earth fault, two-phase short-circuit fault, three phase short circuit fault malfunction;

2) by above-mentioned steps 1) instantaneous flow, steady-state quantity or the positive sequence negative phase-sequence zero-sequence component that generate by Fourier algorithm calculating voltage current value, generate the current switch quantitative change amount of protection, tripping operation, reclosing logic figure;

3) according to above-mentioned steps 2) the current switch quantitative change amount that provides carry out adding sampled point before executive component visual testing and switching value variable change after control box loop visual testing, executive component visual testing generates new switching value variable, and control box loop visual testing produces single-phase tripping operation by computing, three-phase trips, three-phase forever trips and outputs quantitative change amount;

4) by above-mentioned steps 2) current output quantitative change amount and step 3) new switching value variable and the quantitative change amount of outputing that produces of computing extract, generate visual motion picture.

2. realize relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1), the generation of test signal specifically comprises following operation:

A, selection signalling channel;

B, selection signal type;

C, harmonic wave ratio is set;

D, action step-length is set;

E, input voltage and input current amplitude phase angle;

F, click next step and bring into operation.

3. realize relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 4), visual motion picture is by sampled point control and periodic Control two kinds of control modes displays one by one one by one:

A, one by one sampled point control: each sampled point generates test signal, produces the relay protective scheme intake of current sampling point and outputs quantitative change amount, generate present logic state and secondary circuit display variable;

B, one by one periodic Control: every 20ms generates test signal, produce one-period after relay protective scheme intake and output quantitative change amount, generate the logic state of this week after date and secondary circuit display variable;

Acquiescence one-period gets 24 sampled points, the step 1) that switches in of visual control mode arranges in action step-length and realizes, temporally pass and realize real scene protection logic and control loop picture, if step-length is chosen as 1, then take sampled point control mode one by one; If step-length is chosen as 24, then take periodic Control mode one by one.

4. realize relay protection and secondary circuit debugging visualization method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned steps 3) in the concrete grammar of executive component visual testing and control box loop visual testing as follows:

A) executive component visual testing, carried out before test signal system adds sampled point, its method is: click pressing plate, sky are opened and button, whether observation button or LED status change and are recorded in hurdle, main interface, click loop button 1,2,3,4 successively, observe corresponding pressing plate and sky to open and whether change thereupon, and situation of change is pressed charting;

B) control box loop visual testing; detect after virtual protection device action: when Trip Logic send single-hop order, three jump order and combined floodgate logic send reclosing order time; check whether the breaker actuation button of secondary circuit occurs, after button click, whether control box loop respective change occurs.

5. realize relay protection and secondary circuit debugs a visual system, it is characterized in that, it comprises:

1) test signal generation system, voltage, electric current and the malfunction test signal of testing relay protection is generated for the normal operating condition according to electric system, malfunction, and the voltage of generation, electric current and malfunction are exported according to time sequencing, the voltage generated, current signal comprise instantaneous flow, steady-state quantity or positive sequence negative phase-sequence zero-sequence component, complete the simulation of single-phase grounding fault, line to line fault earth fault, two-phase short-circuit fault, three phase short circuit fault malfunction;

Test signal generation system comprises control knob, signalling channel selects module, harmonic component arranges module, step size controlling module, time-triggered protocol and display translation module, wherein, described signalling channel selects module for selecting signalling channel, harmonic component arranges module for arranging harmonic wave ratio, step size controlling module is used for arranging action step-length, and time-triggered protocol and display translation module are used for the test signal of displaying time and setting;

2) virtual protection device, the ac circuit of Reality simulation protective device, relay protective scheme, tripping operation outlet, installation's power source, instantaneous flow, steady-state quantity or positive sequence negative phase-sequence zero-sequence component for being generated by above-mentioned test signal generation system pass through Fourier algorithm calculating voltage current value, generate the current switch quantitative change amount of protection, tripping operation, reclosing logic figure;

3) virtual secondary circuit, the closing by hand loop of Reality simulation equipment, hand trip(ping) loop, pressure monitoring and locked loop, isolating switch closes trip(ping) circuit, signal circuit, cut device jump loop, external loop, voltage switching circuit, current switch quantitative change amount for providing according to above-mentioned virtual protection device carry out adding sampled point before executive component visual testing and switching value variable change after control box loop visual testing, executive component visual testing generates new switching value variable, control box loop visual testing produces single-phase tripping operation by computing, three-phase trips, three-phase forever trips and outputs quantitative change amount,

4) visualization, comprise protective device logic visualization, secondary circuit visualization two parts, protective device logic visualization is used for the current quantitative change amount of outputing of above-mentioned virtual protection device to extract, and generates visual motion picture; The quantitative change amount of outputing that secondary circuit visualization is used for the new switching value variable of above-mentioned virtual secondary circuit and computing produce extracts, and generates visual motion picture;

Described test signal generation system is connected with described virtual protection device, and described virtual protection device is connected with described virtual secondary circuit, and described virtual protection device, described virtual secondary circuit are all connected to described visualization simultaneously.

6. realize relay protection as claimed in claim 5 and secondary circuit debugs visual system, it is characterized in that: the time controling of described visualization tested person signal generating system, take sampled point display one by one or cycle display one by one:

A, one by one sampled point control: each sampled point generates test signal, produces the relay protective scheme intake of current sampling point and outputs quantitative change amount, generate present logic state and secondary circuit display variable;

B, one by one periodic Control: every 20ms generates test signal, produce one-period after relay protective scheme intake and output quantitative change amount, generate the logic state of this week after date and secondary circuit display variable;

Acquiescence one-period gets 24 sampled points, the action step-length switching in test signal generation system of the control mode of visualization arranges middle realization, temporally pass and realize real scene protection logic and control loop picture, if step-length is chosen as 1, then take sampled point control mode one by one; If step-length is chosen as 24, then take periodic Control mode one by one.

7. realize relay protection as claimed in claim 5 and secondary circuit debugs visual system, it is characterized in that: the malfunction simulated in described test signal generation system comprises transient fault and permanent fault two kinds, virtual protection device, according to the voltage do not inputted in the same time, current signal, produces the tripping operation result consistent with true protective device; Voltage and current signal and time coordination, if As time goes on, only input the electric current and voltage value under normal state, fault case and coincidence state three kinds of states, what now simulate is transient fault; If input normal state, fault case, coincidence state and the electric current and voltage value under forever jumping state four kinds of states, what now simulate is permanent fault.