CN103396150B - Method for preparing foam ceramic self-insulation wall material by utilizing solid wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a foam ceramic self-insulation wall material by utilizing solid wastes. The wall material comprises a main material and an admixture. The main material is prepared from the following components in proportion: 25% to 35% of chromium slags, 19% to 27% of coal gangue, 20% to 26% of waste ceramic polishing residues, 17% to 25% of albite and 1% to 6% of bentonite. The method comprises the following steps of: adding 16 to 20g of the admixture into every 200g of the main material; evenly mixing and screening the mixture; putting the mixture into a die; molding the mixture in a pressing manner and drying; sintering the mixture under a strong reducing atmosphere at the temperature of 1120-1180 DEG C, thereby obtaining the foam ceramic self-insulation wall material. The carbon in the coal gangue can serve as a foaming agent or a reducing agent, so that hexavalent chromium is reduced into chromium sesquioxide at the high temperature and under the strong reducing atmosphere. Thus, the toxicity of the chromium slags is eliminated. The prepared foam ceramic self-insulation wall material is low in pyroconductivity, small in density and low in water absorption rate; the usage temperature can reach 900 DEG C. In addition, the foam ceramic self-insulation wall material is complete in fire resistance, high in strength and long in service life, and can be used for replacing the existing wall materials and flammable insulation materials. The wall material integrates protection and thermal insulation functions; an exterior wall insulating layer is not required. Thus, the construction cost is lowered.

Description

Solid waste is utilized to prepare the method for foam ceramic self-insulation wall material

Technical field

The present invention relates to one utilizes the solid waste such as chromium slag, coal gangue to prepare foam ceramic self-insulation wall material, particularly relates to one and utilizes the solid waste such as chromium slag, coal gangue to prepare foam ceramic self-insulation wall material and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Chromium slag is produce the industrial residue produced in chromium metal and chromic salts process, has certain harm to the mankind.China also has 20 Duo Ge provinces and cities discharge chromium slag more than 400 ten thousand tons at present.The air storage of chromium slag, drenches leaching by sleet, and contained sexavalent chrome is dissolved the water or enter in river, lake of permeating the ground, contaminate environment.In severe contamination band, in water, content of 6-valence Cr ions up to often liter of tens of micrograms, can exceed drinking water standard several times.Sexavalent chrome, chromium cpd and chromium cpd aerosol etc., can endanger human and livestock health in a variety of forms.

Coal gangue is the low heat value solid waste of mining and discharging in coal washing process.Coal gangue stores also can take a large amount of soil, and coal gangue can also spontaneous combustion initiation fire.Under the infiltration of rainwater, bastard coal clitter body is easy to cave in, and silts river up, causes great disaster.

Along with the development of society, environmentally friendly industry becomes the direction of industrial development gradually, and the industry development of high pollution receives restriction.If large quantities of good farmland is taken by refuse, ecotope is severely impaired, and Economic development and living environment will be made all to subject great pressure.So the comprehensive utilization of refuse has become an important problem in China, be all very necessary for the Economic development of China and Environmental Status.Along with country is for the reinforcement of energy dissipation and the management of environmental pollution aspect, the proposition of building a conservation-minded society, the heat-insulating property for materials for wall has had higher requirement and regulation.

By solid waste and unclassified stores such as chromium slag and coal gangues, drying, pulverizing, mix, makes building block, kiln-firing.Carbon in coal gangue not only can make whipping agent but also can be used as reductive agent, and in high temperature and strong reducing property atmosphere, hexavalent chrome reduction is chromium sesquioxide, can eliminate the toxicity of chromium slag.Meanwhile, utilize these waste materials in large quantities, both can reduce costs, can environmental pollution be alleviated again.Not only can promote building materials industry and construction industry technical progress and industry restructuring, transform mode of economic growth also there is significant Social benefit and economic benefit simultaneously.

The patent application document that application number is (201210589168.1) discloses a kind of method that microwave combustion method chromium slag prepares light wall material, the method with chromium slag, flyash, albite and reductive agent for main raw material, adopt reduction curing legal system for light wall material, the enforcement of this technique needs large scale industry microwave oven, equipment cost is higher, affects it and applies.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: overcome chromic slag harmlessness complex treatment process of the prior art, be difficult to a large amount of problem utilized, one is provided to utilize the solid waste such as chromium slag, coal gangue to prepare foamed ceramics light wall material and preparation method thereof, this foamed ceramics materials for wall has good energy-saving heat preserving effect, industrial waste can be utilized, low cost and other advantages.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

The method utilizing solid waste to prepare foam ceramic self-insulation wall material of the present invention, this materials for wall is made up of major ingredient, admixture, major ingredient be chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite by weight percentage 25-35%:19-27%:20-26%:17-25%:1-6% proportioning composition, every 200g major ingredient adds 16-20g admixture and obtains compound; After mixing, sieving, put into mould, press forming, drying, at 1120-1180 DEG C, strong reducing property atmosphere is burnt till, and obtains foam ceramic self-insulation wall material.

Described admixture is agglutinant and suds-stabilizing agent, represents with weight ratio, and the two ratio in 7:1 forms.

Described agglutinant is frit, and the chemical constitution of frit is: SiO ₂40-44%, Al ₂o ₃4-6%, Fe ₂o ₃1-2%, CaO 7-15%, MgO 1-3%, K ₂o and Na ₂o adds up to 5-7%, PbO 12-18%, ZnO 8-12%, B ₂o ₃10-13%, Li ₂o 1-3%; Described suds-stabilizing agent is tricalcium phosphate.

Described chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite all cross 200 mesh sieves; During described press molding, pressure is 5Mpa; Described green compact are carry out at 110 DEG C time dry, are dried to water content and are less than 1.5%.

Described strong reducing property atmosphere is in kiln in high temperature section flame gas, and the volume fraction % of each composition is: O ₂0-0.2%, CO 5-7%, CO ₂12-15%, N ₂79-81%.

Described when burning till temperature schedule be: room temperature to 300 DEG C, heat-up rate is 4 DEG C/min, is warming up to 900 DEG C by 300 DEG C, heat-up rate 6 DEG C/min, 900 DEG C of insulation 60min; 900 DEG C are warming up to firing temperature 1120-1180 DEG C, and heat-up rate 7 DEG C/min, is incubated 40min under firing temperature; Then naturally cool to room temperature, namely obtain finished product.

positive beneficial effect of the present invention:

(1) foam ceramic self-insulation wall material of the present invention, main raw material is the solid waste such as chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, solid waste accounts for the 60-70% of product, the foamed ceramics materials for wall material of preparation, achieve the comprehensive utilization to trade waste, reduce costs, energy-conserving and environment-protective, decreasing pollution; Meanwhile, utilize industrial residue to belong to environmental protection project, the treatment of reduction or remission of taxes can also be enjoyed, reduce the production cost of foamed ceramics.

(2) foam ceramic self-insulation wall material of the present invention is vesicular structure, and great majority are closed pore, and void content is high, and thermal conductivity is low, and heat insulation and preservation effect is remarkable, effectively can reduce the energy consumption of summer air-conditioning and winter heating, have stronger energy-conserving and environment-protective effect.

(3) foam ceramic self-insulation wall material of the present invention, absorptivity is low, guarantees the useful life longevity of material; The present invention's entirety is made up of foam ceramic material, and use temperature, up to 900 DEG C, is prevented fires completely, and intensity high long service life, alternative existing materials for wall and inflammable lagging material, substantially increase the security of building construction.

(4) preparation technology of foam ceramic self-insulation wall material of the present invention is simple, by shaping, high temperature single firing process.This foam ceramic self-insulation wall material integrates to be gone along with sb. to guard him, is incubated, can direct construction usage, eliminates the construction of insulating layer of external wall, simplify operational procedure, effectively shorten construction period, reduce construction cost, comply with the requirement of building trade to Composite walling.

(5) performance index of foam ceramic self-insulation wall material of the present invention are better than the GB/T15229-2002 national standard of existing lightweight small size hollow concrete blocks greatly.Its performance and this standard comparing see the following form 1.

Table 1 product performance detected result of the present invention

Accompanying drawing explanation

fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of preparation foam ceramic self-insulation wall material.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

A kind of foam ceramic self-insulation wall material, this materials for wall is made up of major ingredient and admixture, and major ingredient is chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite.Major ingredient is all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and by weight percentage: the proportioning weighing of 31%:20%:20%:25%:4%, every 200g major ingredient adds 19g admixture, mixes, and then makes shape at 5MPa pressure, dry at 110 DEG C.Described admixture is agglutinant and suds-stabilizing agent, represents with weight ratio, and the two ratio in 7:1 forms.

Described agglutinant is frit, and the chemical constitution of frit is: SiO ₂40%, Al ₂o ₃4%, Fe ₂o ₃1%, CaO 15%, MgO 1%, K ₂o and Na ₂o total 5%, PbO 12%, ZnO 8%, B ₂o ₃11%, Li ₂o 3%; Described suds-stabilizing agent is tricalcium phosphate.

Burn till by following temperature schedule: room temperature to 300 DEG C, heat-up rate is 4 DEG C/min, is warming up to 900 DEG C by 300 DEG C, heat-up rate 6 DEG C/min, 900 DEG C of insulation 60min; 900 DEG C are warming up to firing temperature 1120 DEG C, heat-up rate 7 DEG C/min, at 1120 DEG C of insulation 40min; Firing atmosphere is strongly reducing atmosphere, and in 900-1120 DEG C of temperature range, in flame gas, the volume fraction % of each composition is: O ₂0-0.3%, CO 6%, CO ₂12-15%, N ₂79-81%.Then naturally cool to room temperature, namely obtain foam ceramic self-insulation wall material.

This technical target of the product: water-intake rate 0.61%, density 980 kg/m ³, ultimate compression strength 9.6MPa, thermal conductivity 0.17W/ (mK).

Embodiment 2

Substantially identical with embodiment 1, difference is: major ingredient is chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite form by the proportioning of 30%:19%:23%:22%:6%, and every 200g major ingredient adds 20g admixture.

Described agglutinant is frit, and the chemical constitution of frit is: SiO ₂41%, Al ₂o ₃5%, Fe ₂o ₃2%, CaO 9%, MgO 2%, K ₂o and Na ₂o total 6%, PbO 14%, ZnO 9%, B ₂o ₃10%, Li ₂o 2%.

This technical target of the product: water-intake rate 0.7%, density 850 kg/m ³, ultimate compression strength 8.2 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.15 W/ (mK).

Embodiment 3

Substantially identical with embodiment 1, difference is: major ingredient be chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite by, the proportioning composition of 25%:24%:25%:21%:5%, every 200g major ingredient adds 18g admixture and obtains compound, burn till at 1150 DEG C, in flame gas, the volume fraction of CO is 5%.

Described agglutinant is frit, and the chemical constitution of frit is: SiO ₂42%, Al ₂o ₃6%, Fe ₂o ₃1.5%, CaO 7.5%, MgO 3%, K ₂o and Na ₂o total 7%, PbO 12%, ZnO 10%, B ₂o ₃10%, Li ₂o 1%.

This technical target of the product: water-intake rate 0.82%, density 670 kg/m ³, ultimate compression strength 6.8 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.13W/ (mK).

Embodiment 4

Substantially identical with embodiment 3, difference is: major ingredient is chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite form by the proportioning of 28%:27%:22%:20%:3%, and every 200g major ingredient adds 17g admixture.

Described agglutinant is frit, and the chemical constitution of frit is: SiO ₂44%, Al ₂o ₃4%, Fe ₂o ₃1%, CaO 7%, MgO 2%, K ₂o and Na ₂o total 5%, PbO 518%, ZnO 512%, B ₂o ₃105%, Li ₂o 15%.

This technical target of the product: water-intake rate 0.68%, density 920 kg/m ³, ultimate compression strength 9.3 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.16 W/ (mK).

Embodiment 5

Substantially identical with embodiment 1, difference is: the major ingredient of foam ceramic self-insulation wall material is chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite form by the proportioning of 35%:21%:24%:18%:2%, every 200g major ingredient adds 16g admixture and obtains compound, burn till at 1180 DEG C, in flame gas, the volume fraction of CO is 7%.

Described agglutinant is frit, and the chemical constitution of frit is: SiO ₂44%, Al ₂o ₃4%, Fe ₂o ₃1%, CaO 7%, MgO 1%, K ₂o and Na ₂o total 5%, PbO 13%, ZnO 11%, B ₂o ₃13%, Li ₂o 1%.

This technical target of the product: water-intake rate 0.75%, density 710 kg/m ³, ultimate compression strength 7.4 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.14 W/ (mK).

Embodiment 6

Substantially identical with embodiment 5, difference is: the major ingredient of foam ceramic self-insulation wall material is chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite form by the proportioning of 33%:23%:26%:17%:1%, every 200g major ingredient adds 18g admixture, and in flame gas, the volume fraction of CO is 6.5%.

This technical target of the product: water-intake rate 0.98%, density 610 kg/m ³, ultimate compression strength 5.8 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.12 W/ (mK).

Claims (1)

1. the method utilizing solid waste to prepare foam ceramic self-insulation wall material, it is characterized in that: this materials for wall is made up of major ingredient, admixture, major ingredient be chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite by weight percentage 25-35%:19-27%:20-26%:17-25%:1-6% proportioning composition, every 200g major ingredient adds 16-20g admixture and obtains compound; After mixing, sieving, put into mould, press forming, drying, at 1120-1180 DEG C, strong reducing property atmosphere is burnt till, and obtains foam ceramic self-insulation wall material;

Described admixture is agglutinant and suds-stabilizing agent, represents with weight ratio, and the two ratio in 7:1 forms;

Described agglutinant is frit, and the chemical constitution of frit is: SiO ₂40-44%, Al ₂o ₃4-6%, Fe ₂o ₃1-2%, CaO 7-15%, MgO 1-3%, K ₂o and Na ₂o adds up to 5-7%, PbO 12-18%, ZnO 8-12%, B ₂o ₃10-13%, Li ₂o 1-3%; Described suds-stabilizing agent is tricalcium phosphate;

Described chromium slag, coal gangue, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, wilkinite all cross 200 mesh sieves; During described press molding, pressure is 5MPa; Described green compact are carry out at 110 DEG C time dry, are dried to water content and are less than 1.5%;

Described strong reducing property atmosphere is in kiln in high temperature section flame gas, and the volume fraction % of each composition is: O ₂0-0.2%, CO 5-7%, CO ₂12-15%, N ₂79-81%;

Described when burning till temperature schedule be: room temperature to 300 DEG C, heat-up rate is 4 DEG C/min, is warming up to 900 DEG C by 300 DEG C, heat-up rate 6 DEG C/min, 900 DEG C of insulation 60min; 900 DEG C are warming up to firing temperature 1120-1180 DEG C, and heat-up rate 7 DEG C/min, is incubated 40min under firing temperature; Then naturally cool to room temperature, namely obtain finished product.