CN102115338B - Glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material and a preparation method thereof. The wall material comprises a first dense layer, a thermal insulation layer, a second dense layer and an outer glaze layer, wherein both the first dense layer and the second dense layer are the same in raw material and comprise a main material and a binding agent; the main material comprises the following components by weight percent: 45 to 55 percent of steel slag, 30 to 40 percent of fly ash, 5 to 10 percent of bentonite and 5 to 10 percent of limestone, and each 200 g of the main material is added with 50 to 70 ml of the binding agent to obtain the dense layer raw material; the thermal insulation layer comprises a first dense layer raw material and a pore-creating material; the mixed material is laid on the bottom layer of the die as the first dense layer during the preparation, and then the thermal insulation layer, the second denser layer and the glaze are laid in sequence, so as to obtain raw blanks after pressure molding; and the raw blanks are dried and put into a kiln for sintering at a high temperature. The composite wall material integrates the enclosure, thermal insulation and decoration and can be directly constructed for use, the exterior wall thermal insulation layer, exterior wall coatings, exterior wall tiles or other decorative materials are saved, the construction procedure is simplified, the construction period is effectively shortened, the construction cost is greatly reduced, and the requirements of construction industries to the composite wall material are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of self-heat conserving foamed ceramics composite wall body material, particularly relate to a kind of glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Slag is the industrial waste of Steel Plant, and the slag amount that produces in steelmaking process is about the 15%-20% of output of steel.Take 2008 as example, Chinese output of steel is about 5.0 hundred million tons, and slag namely reaches nearly hundred million tons.And the utilization ratio of slag is lower, and as slag is all abandoned as industrial waste, floor space is very large, takes up an area in order to reduce waste residue, prevents the pollution of the environment, and iron and steel enterprise is just making great efforts to explore the comprehensive Utilization Ways of slag in recent years, in the hope of turning waste into wealth.
Flyash is the waste of Hazards in Power Plant discharging, in recent years, along with developing rapidly of power industry, the flyash quantity discharged sharply increases, and the flyash total amount that Hazards in Power Plant discharges every year increases year by year, is about 1.5 hundred million tons in 2000, to reach 300,000,000 tons by 2010, how to realize the comprehensive utilization of flyash, turn waste into wealth, turn bane into boon, become the problem that people constantly explore.At present, flyash can be used widely in all departments such as building work, building materials, water conservancy.
The up-to-dateness of China's building operation is lower, and basic reason is intensity, heat-insulating property and the aesthetic property that material of construction will reach country and user's requirement, needs a minute materials for wall, lagging material, finishing material is successively constructed, construct loaded down with trivial details, the cycle is very long, and security is also very poor.The Composite building materials more and more are subject to people's attention.
Present most widely used materials for wall is pressed the difference of thermal insulation layer material, mainly is divided into external heat insulating wall system, inside heat insulation wall body system and self heat insulation wall system.Wherein the self heat insulation wall Self-thermal-insulation System, adopt to integrate the light wall material of going along with sb. to guard him with incubation and thermal insulation function, can effectively solve outer wall cracking, the caducous problem of exterior wall tile, can extend the wall body structure life-span; Maintenance cost is low, and is safe and reliable, and outer decoration can be diversified; Owing to need to not saved inside and outside compound thermal-insulation system material and construction at the nonweight-bearing heat insulating tectonic system of the inside and outside increase of main body walling, under the prerequisite that reaches identical energy-saving and thermal insulating effect, has good technical economic benefit.In Department of Science and Technology's Eleventh Five-Year Plan supporting plan project, also comprise the energy-saving residence self-heat preservation heat insulation wall, this shows, the energy-saving self-thermal-insulation body of wall has become one of China's building technology field development priority.
Foamed ceramics is a kind of ceramic of cubic network skeleton structure of three-dimensional.It is evenly distributed and has the micropore of mutual perforation, thereby have that density is little, void content is higher, specific surface area is large, low-thermal conductivity, the advantage such as high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, be widely used in that thermal and sound insulating materials, industrial sewage are processed, vehicle exhaust is processed, electrotechnical, electronic field, field of medical materials and biochemical field.On performance, foamed ceramics is well suited for as material of construction, realizes the insulation of building, heat insulation, sound insulation, fire prevention, antidetonation, prolongs life, can be used as the main part of non-bearing composite wall body material, plays dual parts be incubated and go along with sb. to guard him.At present, the research that is used for materials for wall with the standby foamed ceramics of prepared from steel slag there is not yet bibliographical information.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: overcome the prior art defective; a kind of glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material take slag, flyash as main raw material and preparation method thereof is provided; this materials for wall cost is low; dual function with protection body of wall and decorating wall; the preparation method is simple; after only needing to be shaped, once-firing forms composite bed, interfacial bonding strength is large.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of self-heat conserving foamed ceramics materials for wall, this materials for wall is comprised of major ingredient, wedding agent and pore-forming material, represent with weight percent, major ingredient is that the proportioning of slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale 45-55%:30-40%:5-10%:5-10% forms, every 200g major ingredient adds the 50-70ml wedding agent to obtain compound, then be 1:(1.2-1.5 by compound, pore-forming material) volume ratio add pore-forming material, mix, then press molding, burn till under 1120-1150 ℃, obtain self-heat conserving foamed ceramics materials for wall; Described wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, water 1:1:1:(15-20 by volume) the mixture that forms of ratio.
A kind of glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, comprise the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, wherein the first tight zone, the second tight zone raw material are identical, form by major ingredient, wedding agent, represent with weight percent, to be slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 45-55%:30-40%:5-10%:5-10% major ingredient, and the described major ingredient of every 200g adds the 50-70ml wedding agent to obtain the tight zone raw material; Thermal insulation layer is 1:(1.2-1.5 by volume by the first tight zone raw material and pore-forming material) ratio form; Outer glaze layer glaze consists of: SiO
246-50%, Al
2O
34-6%, Fe
2O
36-8%, CaO 16-18%, MgO 2-4%, K
2O and Na
2O 8-10%, CaF
25-8%, B
2O
31-3%.
Described wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, water 1:1:1:(15-20 by volume) the compound that forms of ratio.Described pore-forming material is last for poly-light ball, sawdust or stalk.
Described slag is stainless steel slag, and flyash, stainless steel slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order.
The preparation method of described glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, first take the first tight zone raw material or the second tight zone raw material by proportioning, add after mixing and grind 1-2h in ball mill, mix and obtain the A material, add pore-forming material to obtain the B material the first tight zone after grinding or the second tight zone raw material; Take in proportion glaze, mix, the A material is layered on the mould bottom as the first tight zone, the B material is laid on the second layer, and the A material repaves in the 3rd layer, and repaving glaze is the 4th layer, and press molding obtains green compact; After the green compact drying, the kiln high temperature of packing into burns till.
Described the first dense layer thickness is 8-10mm, and second layer thickness is 200-400mm, and the threeply degree is 10-15mm, and the 4th layer of glaze thickness is 8-10mm.
During described press molding, pressure is 1-1.5Mpa, described green compact when dry be under 100-110 ℃, be dried to below water content 1-1.5%.
During described burning till, temperature schedule is: room temperature is warming up to 300 ℃, and heat-up rate is 3 ℃/min, 300 ℃ of insulation 30min; Be warming up to 800 ℃, 6 ℃/min of heat-up rate, 800 ℃ of insulation 30min by 300 ℃; 800 ℃ are warming up to 1120-1150 ℃, and 5 ℃/min of heat-up rate is at 1120-1150 ℃ of insulation 30min; Then cool to room temperature with the furnace, namely obtain finished product.
Positive beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) self-heat conserving foamed ceramics materials for wall of the present invention, take slag and flyash as main raw material, the preparation foam ceramic material is realized the comprehensive utilization to trade waste, reduces costs, energy-conserving and environment-protective reduce and pollute; Simultaneously, utilize industrial residue to belong to environmental protection project, can also enjoy the treatment of reduction or remission of taxes, reduce the production cost of foamed ceramics.
(2) materials for wall main part of the present invention (thermal insulation layer) is vesicular structure, and great majority are closed pore, and void content is high, thermal conductivity is low, heat insulation and preservation effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the energy consumption of summer air-conditioning and winter heating, has stronger energy-conserving and environment-protective effect.
(3) glaze self-heat conserving foamed ceramics composite ceramic material of the present invention, internal layer is tight zone, can reduce the absorptivity of foamed ceramics, guarantees the weather resistance of using; The middle layer is slag foam ceramic thermal insulation layer, the dual function that plays insulation and go along with sb. to guard him; Skin is glazed layer, can replace the finishing material such as exterior coating that existing building uses and exterior wall tile, plays the dual function of protection body of wall and decorating wall.Integral body of the present invention is comprised of stupalith, and use temperature is up to 900 ℃, fire prevention, and the high long service life of intensity fully, and alternative existing materials for wall and inflammable lagging material have improved the security of building construction greatly.
(4) preparation technology of glaze self-heat conserving composite wall body material of the present invention is simple, by shaping, high temperature single firing process, realizes the compound of layers of material, and each interfacial bonding strength is large.This composite wall body material integrates to be gone along with sb. to guard him, be incubated, decorate, the use of can directly constructing, the finishing material such as insulating layer of external wall, exterior coating or exterior wall tile have been omitted, simplified operational procedure, effectively shortened construction period, greatly reduce construction cost, comply with building trade to the requirement of Composite walling.
(5) performance index of glaze self-heat conserving foamed ceramics materials for wall main part of the present invention (thermal insulation layer) are better than the GB/T15229-2002 national standard of existing lightweight small size hollow concrete blocks greatly.Its performance and this standard relatively see the following form 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of self-heat conserving foamed ceramics materials for wall, this materials for wall is comprised of major ingredient, wedding agent and pore-forming material, represent with weight percent, to be slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 45%:40%:6%:9% major ingredient, every 200g major ingredient adds the 50-70ml wedding agent to obtain compound, then be 1:(1.2-1.5 by compound, pore-forming material) volume ratio add pore-forming material, mix, then press molding, burn till under 1150 ℃, obtain self-heat conserving foamed ceramics materials for wall;
Wherein wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, the water mixture of the ratio composition of 1:1:1:15 by volume; Pore-forming material is poly-light ball; Flyash, slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order, and firing temperature is 1100 ℃-1150 ℃.
Embodiment 2: basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is: to be stainless steel slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 50%:35%:8%:7% the major ingredient of self-heat conserving foamed ceramics materials for wall; Wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, the water ratio composition of 1:1:1:18 by volume; Described pore-forming material is sawdust; Flyash, stainless steel slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order, and firing temperature is 1120 ℃.
Embodiment 3: basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is: to be stainless steel slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 55%:30%:5%:10% the major ingredient of self-heat conserving foamed ceramics materials for wall; Wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, the water ratio composition of 1:1:1:20 by volume; Described pore-forming material is the stalk end; Flyash, stainless steel slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order, and firing temperature is 1130 ℃.
Embodiment 4: glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, comprise the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, and wherein the raw material of the first tight zone, the second tight zone is identical, forms by major ingredient and wedding agent.Represent with weight percent, to be slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 45%:40%:6%:9% major ingredient, adds the 50-70ml wedding agent by every 200g major ingredient, obtains the tight zone raw material; Thermal insulation layer is comprised of tight zone raw material and pore-forming material, and both volume ratio is 1:1.2; Outer glaze layer glaze consists of: SiO
249%, Al
2O
36%, Fe
2O
37%, CaO 17%, MgO 3%, K
2O and Na
2O 9%, CaF
27%, B
2O
32%.
Flyash, slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order; Wherein pore-forming material is poly-light ball, and wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, the water compound of the ratio formation of 1:1:1:15 by volume;
Embodiment 5: glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, comprise the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, wherein the raw material of the first tight zone, the second tight zone is identical, form by major ingredient and wedding agent, represent with weight percent, to be slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 51%:26%:5%:8% major ingredient, and every 200g major ingredient adds the 50-70ml wedding agent to obtain the tight zone raw material; Thermal insulation layer is comprised of tight zone raw material and pore-forming material, and both volume ratio is 1:1.3; Outer glaze layer glaze consists of: SiO
246%, Al
2O
36%, Fe
2O
38%, CaO 18%, MgO 2%, K
2O and Na
2O 10%, CaF
27%, B
2O
33%.
Flyash, slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order; Wherein pore-forming material is sawdust, and wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, the water compound of the ratio formation of 1:1:1:18 by volume;
Embodiment 6: glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, comprise the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, wherein the raw material of the first tight zone, the second tight zone is identical, form by major ingredient and wedding agent, represent with weight percent, to be stainless steel slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 50%:35%:8%:8% major ingredient, and every 200g major ingredient adds the 50-70ml wedding agent to obtain the tight zone raw material; Thermal insulation layer is comprised of tight zone raw material and pore-forming material, and both volume ratio is 1:1.5; Outer glaze layer glaze consists of: SiO
250%, Al
2O
34%, Fe
2O
36%, CaO 16%, MgO 4%, K
2O and Na
2O 8%, CaF
29%, B
2O
33%.
Flyash, stainless steel slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order; Wherein pore-forming material is the stalk end, and wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, the water compound of the ratio formation of 1:1:1:20 by volume;
Embodiment 7: glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, comprise the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, wherein the raw material of the first tight zone, the second tight zone is identical, form by major ingredient and wedding agent, represent with weight percent, to be stainless steel slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 51%:36%:5%:8% major ingredient, and every 200g major ingredient adds the 50-70ml wedding agent to obtain the tight zone raw material; Thermal insulation layer is comprised of tight zone raw material and pore-forming material, and both volume ratio is 1:1.3, and outer glaze layer glaze consists of: SiO
248%, Al
2O
35%, Fe
2O
37%, CaO 17%, MgO 3%, K
2O and Na
2O 9%, CaF
28%, B
2O
33%.
Flyash, stainless steel slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order; Wherein pore-forming material is poly-light ball, and wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, the water compound of the ratio formation of 1:1:1:18 by volume;
Embodiment 8: the preparation method of glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, materials for wall comprises the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, raw material is pressed one of them proportioning of embodiment 4-6, take the first tight zone raw material or the second tight zone raw material, add after mixing and grind 1-2h in ball mill, mix and obtain the A material, add in proportion pore-forming material to obtain the B material the first tight zone after grinding or the second tight zone raw material; Take in proportion glaze, mix;
The A material is layered on the mould bottom as the first tight zone, and thickness is 8-10mm; The B material is laid on the second layer, and thickness is 200-400mm; The A material repaves in the 3rd layer, and thickness is 10-15mm; Repaving glaze is the 4th layer, and thickness is 8-10mm; Cover mould lid, being shaped under pressure 1-1.5Mpa obtains green compact; With green compact under 100-110 ℃, be dried to below water content 1-1.5%, the kiln of packing into burns till under 1150 ℃.
When burning till, temperature schedule requires: room temperature is warming up to 300 ℃, and heat-up rate is 3 ℃/min, at 300 ℃ of insulation 30min; Be warming up to 800 ℃ by 300 ℃ again, 6 ℃/min of heat-up rate is at 800 ℃ of insulation 30min; Be warming up to 1150 ℃ by 800 ℃, 5 ℃/min of heat-up rate is at 1150 ℃ of insulation 30min; Then cool to room temperature with the furnace, namely obtain finished product.
Embodiment 9: the preparation method of glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, and basic identical with embodiment 8, materials for wall comprises the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, difference is: raw material is pressed the proportioning weighing of embodiment 7; The A material is layered on the mould bottom as the first tight zone, and thickness is 10mm; The B material is laid on the second layer, and thickness is 300mm; The A material is laid on the 3rd layer, and thickness is 10mm; Repaving glaze is the 4th layer, and thickness is 10mm; Firing temperature is 1150 ℃; The firing temperature system is with example 8.
Embodiment 10: the preparation method of glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material, and basic identical with embodiment 8, materials for wall comprises the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, difference is: raw material is pressed the proportioning weighing of embodiment 6; The A material is layered on the mould bottom as the first tight zone, and thickness is 8mm; The B material is laid on the second layer, and thickness is 400mm; The A material is laid on the 3rd layer, and thickness is 15mm; Repaving glaze is the 4th layer, and thickness is 8mm; Firing temperature is 1120 ℃; The firing temperature system is with example 8.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a glazed self-insulation foamed ceramic composite wall material is characterized in that:
A, described foamed ceramics composite wall body material comprise the first tight zone, thermal insulation layer, the second tight zone and outer glaze layer, wherein
One tight zone, the second tight zone raw material are identical, form by major ingredient, wedding agent, represent with weight percent, to be slag, flyash, wilkinite, Wingdale form by the proportioning of 45-55%:30-40%:5-10%:5-10% major ingredient, and the described major ingredient of every 200g adds the 50-70mL wedding agent to obtain the tight zone raw material; Thermal insulation layer is 1:(1.2-1.5 by volume by the first tight zone raw material and pore-forming material) ratio form; Outer glaze layer glaze consists of: SiO
246-50%, Al
2O
34-6%, Fe
2O
36-8%, CaO 16-18%, MgO 2-4%, K
2O and Na
2O 8-10%, CaF
25-8%, B
2O
31-3%;
Described wedding agent is 5% polyvinyl alcohol, 10% water glass, propyl carbinol, water 1:1:1:(15-20 by volume) the compound that forms of ratio; Described pore-forming material is last for poly-light ball, sawdust or stalk; Described slag is stainless steel slag, and flyash, stainless steel slag are all crossed 200 mesh sieves, and wilkinite, Wingdale are crossed the 200-325 order;
B, take the first tight zone raw material or the second tight zone raw material according to proportioning in step a, add after mixing and grind 1-2h in ball mill, mix and obtain the A material, add pore-forming material to obtain the B material the first tight zone after grinding or the second tight zone raw material; Take in proportion glaze, mix, the A material is layered on the mould bottom as the first tight zone, the B material is laid on the second layer, and the A material repaves in the 3rd layer, and repaving glaze is the 4th layer, and press molding obtains green compact, and during press molding, pressure is 1-1.5MPa; Green compact are carried out drying, described green compact when dry be under 100-110 ℃, be dried to below water content 1-1.5%; The kiln high temperature of packing into after drying burns till;
During described burning till, temperature schedule is: room temperature is warming up to 300 ℃, and heat-up rate is 3 ℃/min, 300 ℃ of insulation 30min; Be warming up to 800 ℃, 6 ℃/min of heat-up rate, 800 ℃ of insulation 30min by 300 ℃; 800 ℃ are warming up to 1120-1150 ℃, and 5 ℃/min of heat-up rate is at 1120-1150 ℃ of insulation 30min; Then cool to room temperature with the furnace, namely obtain finished product.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first dense layer thickness is 8-10mm, and second layer thickness is 200-400mm, and the threeply degree is 10-15mm, and the 4th layer of glaze thickness is 8-10mm.
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| CN102584318A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-18 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing porous heat-insulating material from Cr-containing steel slag |
| CN105201101A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-30 | 中铁建大桥工程局集团第五工程有限公司 | Light aggregate concrete small hollow block building masonry construction method |
| CN106396637B (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2019-12-31 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | Preparation method of light low-expansion porcelain building ceramic tile and product prepared by preparation method |
| CN108585884B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2021-07-23 | 山西安晟科技发展有限公司 | Energy-saving fireproof foamed ceramic glazed external wall panel |
| CN108558363A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-09-21 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of once-firing preparation method of external wall thermal insulating decoration integrated construction material |
| CN110028337A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-19 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of multistage open celled foam ceramics |
| CN109928740A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-25 | 蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司 | A kind of heat-insulation integral Ceramic Tiles and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100368338C (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2008-02-13 | 江苏艺兴紫砂陶股份有限公司 | Light, heat-insulating, sound-proofing environmentally-friendly ceramic product and its manufacture process |
| CN101434475B (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2012-08-29 | 瑞景投资控股有限公司 | Light floamed ceramic building board and preparation thereof |
| CN101830725B (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2012-12-26 | 北京盛康宁科技开发有限公司 | Light thermal-insulation ceramic tiles and preparation method thereof |
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