CN103394671A - Preparation technology for lost foam casting high manganese steel wear-resisting surface composite materials - Google Patents
Preparation technology for lost foam casting high manganese steel wear-resisting surface composite materials Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A preparation technology for lost foam casting high manganese steel wear-resisting surface composite materials refers to a lost foam pattern used in the preparation technology and comprises the following steps: water-based paint is prepared, wherein raw materials used for preparing the water-based paint include SiC particles, ferrochromium powder, rare earth, EPS bead particles and CMC, and the SiC particles, the ferrochromium powder, the rare earth, the EPS bead particles and the CMC are obtained through weighing according to parts by weight; the prepared water-based paint is painted on the surface of the lost foam pattern; the painted lost foam pattern is placed in a drying chamber for baking; finally, after the water-based paint is painted and hung, ordinary paint for lost foam molded steel is painted and dried, and then the water-based paint is subjected to encasing, dry sand vibration shaping and pouring. The SiC particles used in the preparation technology can enhance the composite materials on the surface of high manganese steel and have a good application prospect; WC particles are high in strength, so that the prepared surface composite materials are good in wear resistance. The preparation technology can remarkably improve the wear-resisting property of the surface of the high manganese steel, thereby prolonging the service life of parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of the composite lost foam casting in a kind of metal forming field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material.
Background technology
High-abrasive material occupies sizable proportion in the consumption of the industrial circle financial cost such as metallurgical mine, building materials, thermal power generation, equipment manufacture.The data demonstration of Beijing in 2004 friction subject and the seminar of engineering forward position, abrasion loss world's primary energy 1/3rd.The economic loss that China every year causes because of wearing and tearing is more than 1,000 hundred million yuans, and only abrasive wear will consume more than 300 ten thousand tons of metal wear resistant materials every year, and also with annual 15% speed, is increasing.Promoting material to many-sided development such as high abrasion, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, antifatigues, is a vital task urgently to be resolved hurrily, has important economic implications and social effect.
Composite is a kind of heterogeneous material that the combination of materials by two or more physics and chemistry different in kind forms, and it can bring into play the performance advantage of the different materials such as metal, pottery, meets special performance and function.The composite technology of preparing is combined with material surface engineering technolog, on the basis that does not change the matrix material performance, give material surface property and function, reach the purpose that improves combination property.Appearing at of composite solved the current problem that faces of material to a great extent, advanced the progress of material.The metal casting composite has good physical property and mechanical property, not only can, in the industrial application of space flight and aviation, also can on the civilian industries such as automobile, mine, equipment manufacture, apply.With casting, prepare the steel-based composite surface material, technique is unique, with low cost, has become one of the most rising composite material and preparation method thereof, has broad application prospects.
At present, the preparation method of cast steel and iron based surface composite material mainly contains phenolic sand molding, VRH method-vacuum displacement sclerosis molding, casting infiltration, centre spinning and certainly spreads (SHS) centre spinning, for most of foundry goods, due to complex-shaped, therefore, the casting infiltration application is more extensive.
Phenolic sand molding process using resinae binding agent solidifies molding sand at normal temperatures with curing agent generation chemical reaction, its sand mold need not be dried.With common sodium silicate molding, compare, can greatly improve presentation quality and the dimensional accuracy of foundry goods; But the Modeling Material cost is high.Need to there is the complicated sand reclaim equiment of a cover supporting, during production, have a certain amount of irritative gas to discharge and pollution operation industry environment.
VRH method-vacuum displacement sclerosis molding is at water-glass sand CO
2On the basis of air blowing hardening process, development forms.This method is suitable for traditional CO
2The technological transformation of water-glass sand technique, less investment, instant effect, but be difficult to overcome the poor situation of old technique surface quality of continuous castings, and still need the processing reclaimer of a whole set of water-glass sand.Be mainly used at present the Steel Castings of small lot.
Casting is oozed and claims On Surface Alloying During Casting, by foundry engieering and strengthening through metallurgy technology, realizes the cast(ing) surface modification, and casting infiltration is divided into common technology of infiltration casting, pressure technology of infiltration casting, evaporative pattern negative pressure technology of infiltration casting.
Common technology of infiltration casting is that alloy powder and binding agent, the flux that will configure are mixed with coating, paste or prefabricated section, then brushes, sticks, is fixed on the surface of casting mold (core), after the casting mold drying, pours into a mould.Molten metal is to the stratum granulosum infiltration under Action of Gravity Field, and the effect that produces physics and chemistry, form the foundry goods with composite bed surface.The advantage of this technique is: technique is simple, and equipment investment is few, and production cost is low, general many applicable surface abrasion resistance foundry goods of producing.But it easily produces pore and slag inclusion, and quality layer stability has much room for improvement; The another one problem is, for the preparation that strengthens the poor casting of particle and matrix wettability and ooze composite bed, seems helpless.
The pressure technology of infiltration casting is that prefabricated powder compact or powder are put in the die casting of preheating, and the high temperature alloy liquid of then casting is then directly exerted pressure on the aluminium alloy surface, and aluminium alloy is infiltrated in pressed compact or powder bed.The advantage that the pressure casting is oozed is the angle of wetting that has strengthened particle and aluminium alloy, but the parent metal that adopts due to casting infiltration mostly is cast iron or cast steel, and is high temperature alloy liquid, and practical operation gets up to have certain difficulty and restriction, die life is also shorter, and production cost is high.
Lost foam casting composite surface material technique is that the alloy coating that will prepare is coated on the cast model made from expandable polystyrene, after brushing refractory material oven dry, uses the dry sand vibration molding.When aluminium alloy fills type, organic binder bonds in Foam Pattern and surface alloying coating layer etc. are met high temperature alloy liquid decomposition gasification, the gas that produces under the effect of negative pressure draft from the coating space, overflowing, high-temperature liquid metal is under the effects such as capillary force, negative-pressure sucking, iron hydrostatic pressure power, to the alloy powder space, infiltrate, alloy powder particle melting, decomposition and diffusion, finally be combined with mother liquor and form the foundry goods that surface has property.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the many deficiencies for prior art, provide a kind of technological operation convenient, technological process is short, energy consumption is low, be easy to realize suitability for industrialized production, especially can significantly improve the anti-wear performance of potassium steel, the lost foam casting potassium steel composite surface material preparation technology who increases the service life.
Realize that above-mentioned purpose is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material, comprise the evaporative pattern apperance of using in preparation technology, and it is characterized in that: its preparation technology comprises the steps:
Step 1: prepare water based paint: the raw material for preparing water based paint is: SiC particle, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS bead, CMC, weigh by weight SiC particle, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS bead, CMC, the SiC particle, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS bead, the CMC that weigh are put into to ball mill and mix 15～20min, obtain mixture, by mixture from ball mill, pouring out, according to the weight of mixture, toward the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that adds 8% in mixture, be uniformly mixed, make the SiC water based paint;
Step 2: the SiC water based paint that will make is coated in evaporative pattern apperance surface;
Step 3: the evaporative pattern apperance after coating is put into the drying chamber baking, 50～55 ℃ of baking temperatures, and the relative humidity of drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%.
Step 4:SiC water based paint finally is coated with common lost foam cast steel coating after being coated with and hanging up properly, oven dry.
Step 5: group case, dry sand vibration molding;
Step 6: pouring temperature 1390-1460 ℃, negative pressure 0.050-0.055MPa, pressurize 10 minutes, be poured insulation 8 hours, and mould turnover, knockout, obtain test block;
Step 7: test block is carried out to the tough processing of water, 1050 ℃-1100 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time 1-3h;
Step 8: test block is carried out to mechanical property, composition detection and structure observation.
Further, the SiC particle for preparing water based paint also can be selected WC particle.
Further, the described raw material weight umber for preparing water based paint is: SiC particle or WC particle 40-65 part, ferrochrome powder 35-55 part, rare earth 0.2-0.5 part, EPS bead 0.0-0.3 part, CMC0.1-0.3 part.
Further, the described raw material weight umber for preparing water based paint is: WC particle 40-65 part, ferrochrome powder 35-55 part, rare earth 0.2-0.5 part, EPS bead 0.0-0.3 part, CMC0.1-0.3 part.
Further, the granularity of SiC or WC particle is the 20-80 order.
Further, described water based paint covers evaporative pattern apperance surface uniformly, and the water based paint layer thickness is 3-4mm.
Further, after water based paint covers uniformly evaporative pattern apperance surface and dries, on the surface of water based paint layer, be coated with common lost foam cast steel coating, oven dry.
Further, described common lost foam cast steel thickness of coating layer is: 0.3-1.0mm.
Further, described common lost foam cast steel dope layer is to be applied by the YQ steel moulder's paint of buying on market.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, remarkable result of the present invention is:
The present invention adopts the standby potassium steel composite surface material of evaporative pattern dry sand vacuum pressing and casting legal system, is a kind of novel metal surface composite material preparation process.The present invention mainly adopts SiC particle, high carbon ferro-chrome powder particles and the auxiliary materials such as binding agent, additive, penetration-assisting agent and suspending agent, and SiC particle source is wide, low price, and therefore, the SiC particle strengthens the potassium steel composite surface material good application prospect; The WC particle, intensity is high, and the composite surface material wearability of preparation is good.The present invention is workable, production cost is low, production efficiency is high, both can be whole part apply, also can be according to the applying working condition topical application of part, be easy to realize suitability for industrialized production, especially significantly improve the anti-wear performance of part, extend the service life of part, energy-saving and cost-reducing, the national strategic policy of compound China sustainable development.
Composite surface material and substrate combinating strength prepared by this technique are high, strengthen even particle distribution, foundry goods top layer carbon content showed increased, and carbide quantity increases.
The weight that the sample piece alleviates after impact wear, matrix are 1.0159g, and the SiC particle strengthens composite surface material 0.2705, and the wearability of SiC particle enhancing high-manganese steel-base composite surface material is approximately 3.76 times of protocorm.The SiC particle strengthens composite surface material 0.4003, and the wearability of SiC particle enhancing composite surface material is approximately 2.54 times of protocorm.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the austenite structure metallograph after potassium steel does not add the tough processing of composite water.
Fig. 2 is that the SiC grain graininess is the 20-30 order, the metallographic structure figure during 0.1 part of EPS addition after the tough processing of composite surface material test block water.A transition zone, b composite bed in figure.In figure, white portion is austenite, and black is partly due to the SiC particle breakdown, causes graphitization.
Fig. 3 is that the WC particle granularity is the 40-60 order, the metallographic structure figure during 0.1 part of EPS addition after the tough processing of composite surface material test block water.Transition zone a, composite bed b in figure.Figure a left side white portion is austenite, and the little cake mass of white in figure a right side and figure b is the WC particle that adds.
Fig. 4 is that the WC particle granularity is the 60-80 order, the metallographic structure figure during EPS addition 0% after the tough processing of composite surface material test block water.Transition zone a, composite bed b in figure.Figure a left side white portion is austenite, and the little cake mass of white in figure a right side and figure b is the WC particle that adds.
Fig. 5 is the tup schematic diagram for preparing with the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of preparation of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material
Technique, this preparation technology comprise composite proportioning, mixed make, be coated with, oven dry, the technological process of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material, pouring technology, Technology for Heating Processing.Specific embodiment is as follows:
The technique of utilizing the present invention to prepare the enhancing potassium steel composite surface material test block of SiC particle and test specimen comprises the steps:
The first step: get 55 parts of SiC particles, 44 parts, ferrochrome powder, 0.5 part of rare earth, 0.2 part of EPS bead, CMC0.3 part according to parts by weight, put into ball mill and mix 15～20min, after mixing, by mixture from ball mill, pouring out, weight according to mixture, each hundred jin of mixture adds 8% polyvinyl alcohol water solution, and mixture is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol water solution, obtains the SiC water based paint.
Second step: the SiC water based paint is coated in to evaporative pattern apperance surface, and the SiC water based paint must cover apperance uniformly, does not lack and is coated with, the phenomenon of trickling or entrained air bubbles.
The 3rd step: after upper SiC water based paint, the evaporative pattern apperance is toasted, baking temperature is 50～55 ℃, for reaching best drying condition, controls drying chamber humidity, requires the relative humidity should be greater than 30%.
The 4th step: SiC water based paint layer thickness, in the 3-4mm left and right, will brush twice altogether, brushes the front evaporative pattern apperance oven dry of SiC water based paint 3-4 days at every turn.
The 5th step: the SiC water based paint finally is coated with common lost foam cast steel coating after being coated with and hanging up properly, and common lost foam cast steel coating adopts the YQ steel moulder's paint, and common lost foam cast steel thickness of coating layer is 0.3-1.0mm, and the evaporative pattern apperance is dried.
The 6th step: by evaporative pattern apperance group case, use the dry sand vibration molding.
The 7th step: cast group case, pouring temperature 1390-1460 ℃, negative pressure 0.050-0.055MPa, pressurize 10 minutes, be poured insulation 8 hours, and mould turnover, knockout, obtain test block.
The 8th step: test block is carried out to the tough processing of water, 1050 ℃-1100 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time 1-3h;
The 9th step: test block is carried out to mechanical property, composition detection and structure observation.
The test block measurement result is as follows:
From above-mentioned test block, cutting sample, measure performance, composition and observe its metallographic structure.The experimental data and the metallographic structure that obtain are as follows:
Table 1 is that the SiC particle strengthens the wear-resisting data of composite surface material test block.
Table 1 SiC particle strengthens the wear-resisting data of composite surface material test block
| SiC/ order number | Weight/g that after wearing and tearing, test block alleviates | Wearing-in period/min | Revolution/r |
| 20-30 | 0.4003 | 240 | 24959 |
| 70-80 | 1.078 | 240 | 24959 |
| Matrix | 1.0159 | 240 | 24959 |
Table 2 is 20-30 order SiC(carborundum), during EPS addition 20%, apart from the chemical composition of specimen surface diverse location composite bed.
Table 2 is apart from the chemical composition of specimen surface diverse location composite bed
Metallograph is shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 is that the SiC grain graininess is the 20-30 order, the metallographic structure figure during EPS addition 20% after the tough processing of composite surface material water.A transition zone, b composite bed in figure.In figure, white portion is austenite, and black is partly due to the SiC particle breakdown, causes graphitization.
Table 3 is that carborundum is the 70-80 order, during EPS addition 0%, apart from the chemical composition of specimen surface diverse location composite bed.
Table 3 is apart from the chemical composition of specimen surface diverse location composite bed
Embodiment 2
The technique of utilizing the present invention to prepare WC particle enhancing potassium steel composite surface material test block and test specimen comprises the steps:
The first step: get 63 parts of WC particles, 36 parts, ferrochrome powder, 0.4 part of rare earth, 0.3 part of EPS bead, the mixing of CMC0.3 part according to parts by weight, WC particle, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS bead, CMC are put into to ball mill and mix 15～20min, after mixing, by mixture from ball mill, pouring out, weight according to mixture, each hundred jin of mixture adds 8% polyvinyl alcohol water solution, and mixture is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol water solution, obtains the WC water based paint.
Second step: the WC water based paint is coated in to evaporative pattern apperance surface, and the WC water based paint must cover apperance uniformly, does not lack and is coated with, the phenomenon of trickling or entrained air bubbles.
The 3rd step: after evaporative pattern apperance brushing WC water based paint, toast, baking temperature is 50～55 ℃, for reaching best drying condition, also should control drying chamber humidity, requires the relative humidity should be greater than 30%.
The 4th step: WC water based paint layer thickness, in the 3-4mm left and right, must parch before each brushing.
The 5th step: the WC water based paint finally is coated with common lost foam cast steel coating after being coated with and hanging up properly, oven dry.
The 6th step: by evaporative pattern apperance group case, use the dry sand vibration molding.
The 7th step: cast group case, pouring temperature 1390-1460 ℃, negative pressure 0.050-0.055MPa, pressurize 10 minutes, be poured insulation 8 hours, and mould turnover, knockout, obtain test block.
The 8th step: test block is carried out to the tough processing of water, 1050 ℃-1100 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time 1-3h;
The 9th step: test block is carried out to mechanical property, composition detection and structure observation.
The test block measurement result is as follows:
From above-mentioned test block, cutting sample, measure performance, composition and observe its metallographic structure.The experimental data and the metallographic structure that obtain are as follows:
Table 4 is that WC particle strengthens the wear-resisting data of composite surface material test block.
Table 4WC particle strengthens the wear-resisting data of composite surface material test block
| WC/ order number | Weight/g that after wearing and tearing, test block alleviates | Wearing-in period/min | Revolution/r |
| 40-60 | 0.2705 | 240 | 24959 |
| 60-80 | 0.3935 | 240 | 24959 |
| Matrix | 1.0159 | 240 | 24959 |
Table 5 is 60-80 order WC, during EPS addition 0%, apart from the chemical composition of specimen surface diverse location composite bed.
Table 5 is apart from the chemical composition of specimen surface diverse location composite bed
Fig. 3 is that the WC particle granularity is the 40-60 order, the metallographic structure figure during 0.1 part of EPS addition after the tough processing of composite surface material test block water.Transition zone a, composite bed b in figure.Figure a left side white portion is austenite, and the little cake mass of white in figure a right side and figure b is the WC particle that adds.
Fig. 4 is that the WC particle granularity is the 60-80 order, the metallographic structure figure during EPS addition 0% after the tough processing of composite surface material test block water.Transition zone a, composite bed b in figure.Figure a left side white portion is austenite, and the little cake mass of white in figure a right side and figure b is the WC particle that adds.
3 techniques of embodiment are for the preparation of tup embodiment
The technique of utilizing this technique to prepare SiC particle enhancing potassium steel composite surface material tup comprises the steps:
The first step: SiC particle, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS bead, CMC are weighed by weight, 55 parts of SiC particles, 44 parts, ferrochrome powder, 0.5 part of rare earth, 0.2 part of EPS bead, CMC0.3 part, put into ball mill and mix 15～20min, after mixing, from ball mill, pouring out, then add 8% polyvinyl alcohol water solution to mix in mixture.
Second step: the SiC water based paint is coated in to tup evaporative pattern apperance surface, and coating must cover apperance uniformly, does not lack and is coated with, the phenomenon of trickling or entrained air bubbles.
The 3rd step: coat 50～55 ℃ of the baking temperatures of rear tup apperance, for reaching best drying condition, control drying chamber humidity, require the relative humidity should be greater than 30%.
The 4th step: tup pattern finish layer thickness, at 4mm, must parch before each brushing.
The 5th step: the SiC water based paint finally is coated with common lost foam cast steel coating after being coated with and hanging up properly, oven dry.
The 6th step: group case, dry sand vibration molding.
The 7th step: pouring temperature 1390-1460 ℃, negative pressure 0.050-0.055MPa, pressurize 10 minutes, be poured insulation 8 hours, mould turnover, knockout.
The 8th step: tup is carried out to the tough processing of water.
Utilize this technique to prepare the WC particle and strengthen the technique of potassium steel composite surface material tup with embodiment 3.
Above-described embodiment has only been expressed one embodiment of the present invention, but can not therefore be interpreted as limitation of the scope of the invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation technology of a lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material, comprise the evaporative pattern apperance of using in preparation technology, and it is characterized in that: its preparation technology comprises the steps:
Step 1: prepare water based paint: the raw material for preparing water based paint is: SiC particle, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS bead, CMC, weigh by weight SiC particle, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS bead, CMC, the SiC particle, ferrochrome powder, rare earth, EPS bead, the CMC that weigh are put into to ball mill and mix 15～20min, obtain mixture, by mixture from ball mill, pouring out, according to the weight of mixture, toward the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that adds 8% in mixture, be uniformly mixed, make the SiC water based paint;
Step 2: the SiC water based paint that will make is coated in evaporative pattern apperance surface;
Step 3: the evaporative pattern apperance after coating is put into the drying chamber baking, 50～55 ℃ of baking temperatures, and the relative humidity of drying chamber is less than or equal to 30%;
Step 4:SiC water based paint finally is coated with common lost foam cast steel coating after being coated with and hanging up properly, oven dry;
Step 5: group case, dry sand vibration molding;
Step 6: pouring temperature 1390-1460 ℃, negative pressure 0.050-0.055MPa, pressurize 10 minutes, be poured insulation 8 hours, and mould turnover, knockout, obtain test block;
Step 7: test block is carried out to the tough processing of water, 1050 ℃-1100 ℃ of heating-up temperatures, temperature retention time 1-3h;
Step 8: test block is carried out to mechanical property, composition detection and structure observation.
2. the preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the SiC particle for preparing water based paint also can be selected WC particle.
3. the preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material according to claim 1; it is characterized in that, the described raw material weight umber for preparing water based paint is: SiC particle or WC particle 40-65 part, ferrochrome powder 35-55 part, rare earth 0.2-0.5 part, EPS bead 0.0-0.3 part, CMC0.1-0.3 part.
4. the preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the described raw material weight umber for preparing water based paint is: WC particle 40-65 part, ferrochrome powder 35-55 part, rare earth 0.2-0.5 part, EPS bead 0.0-0.3 part, CMC0.1-0.3 part.
5. the preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the granularity of SiC or WC particle is the 20-80 order.
6. the preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water based paint covers evaporative pattern apperance surface uniformly, and the water based paint layer thickness is 3-4mm.
7. the preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: after water based paint covers uniformly evaporative pattern apperance surface and dries, surface at the water based paint layer is coated with common lost foam cast steel coating, oven dry.
8. the preparation technology of lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described common lost foam cast steel thickness of coating layer is: 0.3-1.0mm.
9. the preparation technology of according to claim 5 or 6 described lost foam casting potassium steel abrasive-resistant composite surface materials is characterized in that: described common lost foam cast steel dope layer is to be applied by the YQ steel moulder's paint of buying on market.
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| CN104087032A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-08 | 宁国市正兴耐磨材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant coating for steel-based friction material |
| CN106238668A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-21 | 内蒙古第机械集团有限公司 | Static press moulding cast shaping process produces the method for potassium steel creeper tread |
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| CN110560635A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-13 | 扬州加润消失模科技有限公司 | casting process for producing high-chromium alloy hammer head by using lost foam |
| CN110560635B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-07-09 | 扬州加润消失模科技有限公司 | Casting process for producing high-chromium alloy hammer head by using lost foam |
| CN110605358A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-24 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Wear-resistant thrust wheel, crawler-type chassis and preparation method of wear-resistant thrust wheel |
| CN114523066A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-05-24 | 宁夏共享化工有限公司 | Casting coating and preparation method and use method thereof |
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