CN103392678B - Novel Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear and assembly method thereof - Google Patents
Novel Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear and assembly method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A novel Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear and an assembly method thereof belong to the technical field of marine fishing. According to the invention, by innovatively designing an existing Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear, innovating an assembly process of a net gear and reducing the mesh size of an upper border net, reasonable hanging ratio and fishing gear structure can be kept, 2 steel ropes, namely an upper border rope and a cork line are saved, and a cross rope is saved by virtue of a geometric structure principle; by directly connecting a bush rope onto a lower rope at the net column end, the material of the fishing gear is saved, the weight of the fishing gear is reduced, the material cost is saved and the purposes of energy saving and emission reduction are indirectly achieved in a rolling process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to marine fishing technical field, relate to a kind of Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear and assembly method particularly.
Background technology
Spanish mackerel, formal name used at school scomberomorus niphonius Scomberomorus niphonius (Cuvier et Valenciennes), belong to Perciformes Perc iformes, mackerel suborder Scombbroidei, Spanish mackerel section Cybi idae, Spanish mackerel belongs to Scomberomorus Lacep e de, also known as Spanish mackerel, Spanish mackerel, Spanish mackerel etc., that a kind of migration distance is longer, Shi Hangchang distance migration of laying eggs and survive the winter, the warm warm nature pelagic fishes that point cloth cover is wider, are mainly distributed in the Bohai and Yellow Seas of China, Area of The East China Sea and Japanese Zhu Dao marine site, the south, Korea peninsula hills and mountains to off-lying sea, Pusan etc.Spanish mackerel, Korea Spanish mackerel, spot Spanish mackerel, Kang Shi Spanish mackerel and Chinese Spanish mackerel etc. are had in the catches of China Spanish mackerel, wherein maximum with the quantity of Spanish mackerel, be mostly drift net and catch.The build of Spanish mackerel is comparatively large, and economic worth is higher, in northern China Drift fishery, occupy considerable position.According to " China Fisheries yearbook " 2007-2011 statistics, the annual Spanish mackerel marine fishing gross yield in the whole nation all at 400,000 more than t, be China's sea fishery mainly fish for one of kind.
Gill net fishing gear is the traditional fishing gear of China, with a long history, widely distributed, netting gear structure and operating type of a great variety, be one of main fishing gear type of sea fishery.From the sixties in 20th century progressively universal nylon monofilament to have knotted and since fishing boat motorization, fishery harvesting efficiency improves, operation fishing ground expands, and output improves constantly.According to " China Fisheries yearbook " 2007-2011 statistics, the fishery harvesting contribution rate of national gill net Fishing Gear and Fishing Method accounts for 18.62% ~ 22.26% of national marine fishing fishery total catch, occupies the 2nd.According to the eighties in 20th century " investigation of Chinese Sea fishing gear and zoning " data, all there is the operation of Spanish mackerel gill net in Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong etc.
The fishing principle of Gillnet fishing gear is by a row long band type netting gear vertical run on the passage of fish migration, fish migration or frightened run away time thrust mesh or be wound in online and be captured.The basic model of Gillnet gear structure is by mesh size, some rectangle mesh sheet that netting twine material is identical, and upper and lower guiding principle, respectively after device float and sinker, connects into train.By fishing boat frenulum with the wind, stream drift gill net be commonly referred to drift net or drift net; Fixation in seabed operation be usually referred to as determine gill net or set gill net.
Traditional Spanish mackerel drift net belongs to monolithic type drift gill net in fishing gear classification.Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear is made up of more than 1 Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear unit mesh sheet, and unit mesh sheet is made up of monolithic type major network clothing, upper limb guiding principle and headline (being collectively referred to as exaggerated), lower edge guiding principle and ground rope (being collectively referred to as infraclass), float and sinker, upper hoddy and lower hoddy (have without hoddy) etc.With the wind, stream drift operation.Be characterized in that structure is simple, easy to operate; Selectivity is strong; Produce maneuverability, do not affect by water environment, substrate; Fishery small investment, cost is low, and production management is easy; Institute's Spanish mackerel individuality of catching is comparatively large and neat, and quality is better, is conducive to breeding and the maintenance of fishery resources; Pluck that fish is expended time in less, fish bulk damage is light; Practical application is the widest, is modal drift net fishing gear in China's marine fishing fishery.
Tradition the acting as of the Spanish mackerel drift net each parts of netting gear: major network clothing is used for thorn and twines catches.Hoddy connects edge guiding principle and major network clothing, and hoddy is to reduce the stressed of major network clothing and the friction preventing etting and rete cord, increases and the contact area of net hauler and frictional force.Exaggerated and infraclass is the main framing of drift net fishing gear, is assemblied in upper limb and the lower edge of gill net etting respectively, bears lateral pull, keeps the shape in netting gear operation, and bears whole load of fishing gear; Exaggeratedly generally be made up of upper limb guiding principle and headline 2 rete cords, infraclass is generally made up of lower edge guiding principle and ground rope 2 rete cords, twists with the fingers on the contrary.Headline and ground rope are used for tying attached float, sinker and buoy (cylinder) etc.Float and sinker be used for stretch netting gear, ensure etting fish for sweep sea amass.Side guiding principle is assemblied in the both sides of mesh sheet, and upper end lies in exaggerated, and lower end lies in infraclass, reduces the stressed of mesh sheet and keeps mesh sheet shape (netting gear had is without side guiding principle).Fork guiding principle is connected to the top and bottom of train, and the other end connecting band head rope, the bush rope other end is connected to fishing boat, as shown in Figure 4.
Although tradition Spanish mackerel drift net structure is simple, by innovative design and innovation netting gear assembly technology, still can optimize further.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear and assembly method, on the basis not affecting original fishing gear property, optimizes gear structure, saves gear material cost and reduces fishing gear assembly work, indirectly realizing energy-saving and emission-reduction.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear unit mesh sheet, comprise etting, rete cord and accessory, etting comprises hoddy, major network clothing and lower hoddy, and rete cord comprises lower edge guiding principle, ground rope and sinker lifting rope; Accessory comprises float and sinker; Upper hoddy is connected with major network clothing, and major network clothing connects lower hoddy downwards, lower edge guiding principle penetrates in lower hoddy mesh, then pricks with ground rope stepping, and lower edge guiding principle and ground rope are collectively referred to as infraclass; Sinker is connected on ground rope by sinker lifting rope, the stretching rear stepping ligation of described upper hoddy is as exaggerated use, substitute headline and upper limb guiding principle, the direct colligation of float is online at upper limb, and the defining method of the size of mesh of upper hoddy is the horizontal hanging ratio of major network clothing size of mesh × major network clothing.
Further, the drifting along than remaining on 1.60 ~ 1.65 of described fishing gear unit mesh sheet.
Further, described fishing gear unit mesh sheet principal dimensions is 33.00m × 19.92m.
Further, the major network clothing size of mesh 120.0mm of described fishing gear unit mesh sheet, upper hoddy size of mesh 66.0mm, lower hoddy size of mesh 120.0mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear, comprises the train, bush rope, the pressure guiding principle that are made up of 1 the above Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear unit mesh sheet and sinks stone, pressure guiding principle and sink stone lifting rope, buoy, buoy line; Bush rope one end is connected in the infraclass of train one end, and the other end connects fishing boat; Buoy is connected on upper hoddy and upper hoddy end by buoy line, and pressure guiding principle sinks stone and is connected on bush rope by pressing guiding principle to sink stone lifting rope.
The present invention also provides a kind of assembly method of Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear, and concrete steps are as follows:
1) the etting assembling of unit mesh sheet: upper hoddy 2 and major network clothing 31 order tie a knots with netting twine to 1 order and sewed up, the stretching rear stepping ligation of upper hoddy as exaggerated use, alternative upper limb guiding principle and headline; Lower hoddy 4 and major network clothing 31 order are tied a knot to sew up to 1 order and are connected, and upper hoddy keeps the horizontal hanging ratio 0.55 of major network clothing;
2) the rete cord assembling of unit mesh sheet: lower edge guiding principle 5 to be penetrated in lower hoddy 4 mesh, then prick with ground rope 6 stepping, lower edge guiding principle keeps the horizontal hanging ratio 0.535 of major network clothing, and infraclass is than exaggerated short 1.00m;
3) the accessory assembling of unit mesh sheet: after upper hoddy 2 is stretching, hoddy colligation 1 float on every 42 orders, each float spacing is impartial; Sinker is connected on ground rope by sinker lifting rope;
4) two panels adjacent cells mesh sheet blind stitching, the upper hoddy knotting of two adjacent element mesh sheets connected, ground rope, lower edge guiding principle are also pricked knotting and are connected, and each unit mesh sheet is linked to be train in turn;
5) bush rope one end is connected in the infraclass of train one end, and the other end connects fishing boat; Buoy is connected on upper hoddy and upper hoddy end by buoy line; Pressure guiding principle sinks stone and is connected on bush rope by pressing guiding principle to sink stone lifting rope;
6) drift along and match well standby, drift along than i.e. net buoyancy and the ratio of settling capacity, remain on 1.60 ~ 1.65, to keep mesh sheet vertical opening in water good and to swim in upper strata, waters, according to drifting along than the quantity being equipped with float and sinker.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
The present invention passes through the innovative design of existing Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear and innovation netting gear assembly technology, by reducing upper hoddy size of mesh, both rational horizontal hanging ratio can have been kept, save upper limb guiding principle and headline 2 rete cords, save gear material, reduce fishing gear weight, saved material cost and indirectly achieved energy-saving and emission-reduction again man-hour with rolling.
Present invention utilizes drift net gear structure design theory and sheepshank theory.By reducing upper hoddy size of mesh, make it to keep certain ratio with major network clothing size of mesh, reach rational hanging ratio and keep fishing gear primary structure and performance constant, to meet the technology and performance requirement that Spanish mackerel drift net fishes for.
Present invention utilizes flexible cable mechanics principle.By reducing upper hoddy size of mesh, just in time equal former exaggerated length after making it stretching, substitute exaggerated, dual-use material, had both kept the frame supported effect of former Spanish mackerel drift net, had again the original function of upper hoddy simultaneously.
The present invention, because having saved exaggerated raw material, alleviates fishing gear weight, optimizes gear structure, fishes in actual production at sea, alleviates boatman and puts net intensity, is more conducive to use driftnet hauler to play net operation.
Present invention utilizes Geometric structure principium.Eliminating fork guiding principle, by bush rope being directly connected in the infraclass of train end, changing stress point, the while of making former fishing gear make upper and lower guiding principle two points by fork guiding principle, stressed becoming only has infraclass point stressed
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear unit mesh sheet standard drawing of the present invention: 33.00m × 19.92m-principal dimensions (or claiming specification), PE36tex7 × 3-66.0s is: PE-polythene material (being commonly called as polyethylene), the line density specification of 36tex-monofilament, twist thread in 7 × 3-7 monofilament × 3 strand, 66.0-upper hoddy size of mesh 66.0mm, s-mesh tubercle mode is single fast knot, 500N-long 500 orders of upper hoddy, longitudinally use, 4T-upper limb net height 4 order, laterally use, long 500 orders of 500N-major network clothing, longitudinally use, high 160 orders of 160T-major network clothing, laterally use, the exaggerated horizontal hanging ratio of E0.55-major network clothing is 0.55, the horizontal hanging ratio of E0.535-major network clothing lower edge guiding principle is 0.535, PA Φ 0.48-120.0s is: PA-polyamide material (being commonly called as nylon), the monofilament of Φ 0.48-diameter 0.48mm, 120.0-major network clothing size of mesh 120.0mm, s-mesh tubercle mode is single fast knot, and PE36tex7 × 3-120.0s is: PE-polythene material (being commonly called as polyethylene), the line density specification of 36tex-monofilament, twist thread in 7 × 3-7 monofilament × 3 strand, 120.0-lower hoddy size of mesh 120.0mm, s-mesh tubercle mode is single fast knot, long 500 orders of 500N-lower hoddy, longitudinally use, 6T-lower edge net height 6 order, laterally use, the rete cord of 2-32.00PE Φ 8.0ZS-2 same size, each long 32.00m, polythene material, diameter 8.0mm, ZS rete cord twist with the fingers to (" Z " is twisted as counterclockwise sth. made by twisting, " S " be twisted as clockwise sth. made by twisting), 0-5-10m-by net reduced scale degree in kind, (drawing by SC/T4002-1995 " fishing gear drawing " standard-required)
Fig. 2: Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear element mesh chip architecture of the present invention and assembling schematic diagram: 1-float, 2-upper hoddy, 3-major network clothing, 4-lower hoddy, 5-lower edge guiding principle, 6-ground rope, 7-sinker, 8-sinker lifting rope; The floater of foam of FO Φ 100,12-680gf-diameter 100mm, net buoyancy 680g power in water, 12; Common brick 2-2.5kg-common brick sinker 2, each 2.50kg; Floating and sinking force distribution-gross buoyancy 8160g/ total settlement power 5000g; 42
◇between-float, spacing is 42 orders, 19
◇-least significant end float is 19 orders apart from mesh sheet one end distance, 3
◇/ 193.0-3 orders prick 1 grade, every grade of 193.0mm; 1.00PE36tex12 × 3-common brick lifting rope is long 1m, the line density 36tex of polythene material, 12 monofilament, 3 strands twist thread;
Fig. 3: bush rope connects and operation schematic diagram: 9-bush rope, 10-pressure guiding principle sinks stone, and 11-pressure guiding principle sinks stone lifting rope, 12-buoy, 13-buoy line;
Fig. 4: pitch guiding principle connection diagram in prior art: 14-fork guiding principle.
Embodiment
Also describe technology contents of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings in detail below by embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not by any pro forma restriction of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear unit mesh sheet (standard drawing is shown in Fig. 1, and concrete structure figure is shown in Fig. 2), comprise etting, rete cord and accessory, etting comprises hoddy 2, major network clothing 3 and lower hoddy 4, and rete cord comprises lower edge guiding principle 5, ground rope 6 and sinker lifting rope 8; Accessory comprises float 1 and sinker 7; Upper hoddy 2 is connected with major network clothing 3, major network clothing 3 connects downwards lower hoddy 4, and lower edge guiding principle 5 penetrates in lower hoddy 4 mesh, then pricks with ground rope 6 stepping, and lower edge guiding principle 5 and ground rope 6 are collectively referred to as infraclass; Sinker 7 is connected on ground rope 6 by sinker lifting rope 8, the stretching rear stepping ligation of described upper hoddy 2 is as exaggerated use, substitute headline and upper limb guiding principle, directly colligation is on upper hoddy 2 for float 1, and the defining method of the size of mesh of upper hoddy 2 is the horizontal hanging ratio of major network clothing size of mesh × major network clothing.
Drifting along than remaining on 1.632 of described fishing gear unit mesh sheet.
Described fishing gear unit mesh sheet principal dimensions is 33.00m × 19.92m.
The major network clothing size of mesh 120.0mm of described fishing gear unit mesh sheet, upper hoddy size of mesh 66.0mm, lower hoddy size of mesh 120.0mm.
For the prosperous fishing 4068 in Shandong fishing boat, below being with Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear to carry out to this ship, some improves
1, replace upper limb guiding principle and headline with hoddy, remove fork guiding principle: the polythene rope that the Spanish mackerel drift net upper limb guiding principle that original production uses and headline specification are PE36tex50 × 3,2, left and right sth. made by twisting, 2 rete cords amount to 300 monofilament; Upper limb net height 4 order, the large 120mm of order, identical with major network clothing size of mesh, netting twine is that the polyethylene of PE36tex7 × 3 is twisted thread, and 8 order pin amount to 168 monofilament, only play the effect of hoddy.Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear after using technical scheme of the present invention to improve saves upper limb guiding principle and headline (being collectively referred to as exaggerated), reduce hoddy size of mesh, the stretching ligation of upper hoddy is as exaggerated use, substitute with hoddy former exaggerated, play and support major network clothing and the stressed effect of part.But the intensity of upper hoddy is about 56% of former exaggerated intensity, intensity problem less than normal solves by changing bush rope connected mode, traditional Spanish mackerel drift net has fork guiding principle (as shown in Figure 4), fork guiding principle is connected in the exaggerated of train end and infraclass, the other end of fork guiding principle is connected with bush rope, the present embodiment saves fork guiding principle, bush rope is connected directly between in the infraclass of train one end, reduce hoddy as during exaggerated use by force intensity.
2, reduce hoddy size of mesh, keep rational horizontal hanging ratio.With certain length ratio, by etting, the technique be assemblied on rete cord is referred to as " sheepshank "; Rete cord length is to the ratio of etting taut length and appellation " hanging ratio ", and symbol is " E ".The horizontal hanging ratio of China's Spanish mackerel drift net is generally 0.5 ~ 0.6.For the prosperous fishing 4068 in Shandong fishing boat, on the Spanish mackerel drift net that original production uses, hoddy size of mesh and major network clothing size of mesh are 120mm, and horizontal hanging ratio is 0.55.In order to keep major network clothing former hanging ratio E constant, namely can only reduce hoddy size of mesh, the size of mesh of upper hoddy should be major network clothing size of mesh × major network clothing horizontal hanging ratio, that is, 120mm × 0.55=66mm.Under certain stressing conditions, after upper hoddy is stretching, prick 1 grade every about 200mm fine-structure mesh toe-in, similar rete cord, the former hanging ratio of major network clothing can be kept constant.Illustrate, if major network clothing size of mesh is 117mm, select hanging ratio to be 0.54, then the upper hoddy size of mesh expected should be 117mm × 0.54=63.2mm again.
3, float improving bud grafting is changed.Because eliminating headline, then it is directly that float colligation is online at the stretching upper limb as exaggerated use for changing the technology mode that headline penetrates float.
One, gear material specification
1, etting, comprises major network clothing and hoddy:
1) major network clothing 3: major network clothing is knitted by the nylon monofilament of diameter 0.48mm, the large 120mm of order, single fast knot, long 500 orders of every sheet etting, high 160 orders, heavy 5kg (see Fig. 1).
2) hoddy comprises hoddy 2 and lower hoddy 4: upper hoddy is knitted by the polyethylene netting twine of PE36tex7 × 3, the large 66mm of order, single fast knot, long 500 orders of every sheet etting, high 4 orders; Lower hoddy is knitted by the polyethylene netting twine of PE36tex7 × 3, the large 120mm of order, single fast knot, long 500 orders of every sheet etting, high 6 orders, the heavy 0.33kg (see Fig. 1) of lower hoddy.
2, rete cord:
1) adopt hoddy 2 on 4 orders to strain to use as exaggerated (replacing headline of the prior art and upper limb guiding principle), upper limb net materials specification is PE36tex7 × 3 polyethylene netting twines, heavy 0.13kg.
2) ground rope 6 and lower edge guiding principle 5 (being collectively referred to as infraclass): ground rope and lower edge guiding principle material specification are that polythene rope, diameter 8mm, is respectively 3 strands, left and right sth. made by twisting, each long 32.00m, each heavy 2.50kg, and infraclass is than exaggerated short 1.00m (see Fig. 1).
3, accessory:
1) float 1: float material specification is, foamed plastics, spheroidal, diameter 100mm, central aperture 24mm, heavy 70g, quiet buoyancy 680g power, every sheet net is with 12 (see Fig. 2).
2) sinker 7: this netting gear feature is that cost-saving common brick substitutes ceramic sinker, and sinker material specification is, common brick, rectangle, each heavy 2.50kg, every sheet net is with 2 (see Fig. 2).
Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear element mesh sheet of the present invention is assembled into train and on fishing boat during fishing operation use, also needs other rete cord: 1) buoy line 13: buoy line material specification is, polythene rope, diameter 6mm, the long 16.00m of every bar, heavy 9.40kg, every ship 40-50 bar.2) sinker lifting rope 8: sinker lifting rope material specification is, polythene rope, PE36tex12 × 3, long 1.00m, heavy 1.6g.3) bush rope 9: bush rope material specification is, Korea's rope made of hemp, diameter 22mm, the long 170-180m of every bar, heavily about 100kg, 1, every ship.4) guiding principle is pressed to sink stone lifting rope 11: it is that polythene rope, PE36tex6 × 3,4 doublings use, and are about 1m after doubling, heavy 3.2g that pressure guiding principle sinks stone lifting rope material specification.Every ship bush rope uses 1-4 bar.
Other accessory also needed in addition: 1) buoy 12: buoy material specification is, the long 6.00m of bamboo pole, base diameter 50mm, at the cylinder shape cement prefab of the heavy 5.00kg of base portion tying, the circular hole of diameter 50-60mm is had in the middle of prefabricated component, the spheroidal float of tying 9 diameter 100mm in the middle of bamboo pole, penoncel is inserted at top.Every 1,16 net buoys.Every 40-50 peculiar to vessel props up.2) press guiding principle to sink stone 10: pressure guiding principle sinks stone material specification and is, stone, the heavy 15.00kg of every block, general 1-4 block, stormy waves hour by 1 piece of pressure zone head rope, uses at most 4 pieces when wind is large.
Two, fishing gear assembly method
1) the etting assembling of unit mesh sheet: upper hoddy 2 is that 1 order is to 1 order with major network clothing 3, with polyethylene line PE36tex3 × 3 polyethylene netting twine 1 order, 1 order knotting is sewed up, mesh because of upper hoddy is 66mm, after upper hoddy 2 is stretching, prick 1 grade every 3 orders (about 198mm) with fine-structure mesh toe-in, substitute upper limb guiding principle and headline as exaggerated use with hoddy; Upper hoddy keeps the horizontal hanging ratio 0.55 of major network clothing, lower hoddy 4 and major network clothing 3 be 1 order to 1 order, with polyethylene line PE36tex3 × 3 polyethylene netting twine 1 order 1 order knotting sewed up and connects.
2) the rete cord assembling of unit mesh sheet: lower edge guiding principle 5 is penetrated in lower hoddy 4 mesh, then prick with ground rope 6 stepping, be collectively referred to as infraclass, every grade of 193mm, upper extension 3 order.Lower edge guiding principle keeps the horizontal hanging ratio 0.535 of major network clothing, and infraclass is than exaggerated short 1.00m.
3) the accessory assembling of unit mesh sheet: the upper every 42 order colligation of hoddy 1 float; First and the most float 1 is not apart from each 19 orders of net end, each float spacing is impartial, float spacing 2772mm (see Fig. 2).
4) train assembling: use polyethylene line PE36tex3 × 3 polyethylene netting twine 1 order to 1 order blind stitching the adjacent main etting 3 of the unit mesh sheet assembled and lower hoddy 4.Stretching for the upper hoddy 2 of two adjacent element mesh sheets rear knotting connected, ground rope 6, lower edge guiding principle 5 one end make eye thimble, connection of tiing a knot successively respectively after also pricking, and each unit mesh sheet is linked to be train in turn.On the lower edge guiding principle 5 that bush rope 9 is connected to train one end and ground rope 6, the bush rope other end connects fishing boat (see Fig. 3).
5) other assemblings:
It is online that buoy is connected to upper limb by buoy line, every 1,16 net buoys.Every 40-50 peculiar to vessel props up, and during marine fishing operation, limit is put selvage and assembled (Fig. 3) temporarily.
Sinker 7 is common brick, and sinker is bound on ground rope 6 and lower edge guiding principle 5 by sinker lifting rope 8, and 1 block of common brick is hung in the adjacent etting junction of two panels, middle hanging 1 piece of common brick sinker, and during marine fishing operation, limit is put selvage and assembled (see Fig. 2) temporarily.
Pressure guiding principle sinks stone 10 and sinks stone lifting rope 11 by pressure guiding principle and be connected on bush rope 9, and stormy waves hour sinks stone with 1 piece of pressure guiding principle, increases gradually and presses guiding principle to sink stone, assemble (see Fig. 3) during marine fishing operation depending on sea situation situation temporarily when stormy waves is larger.
Three, fishing method
Put net at dusk, during next 2-3 in morning, start hauling.Netting gear order is positioned over fore deck both sides, and according to wind direction, larboard or starboard all have operation.Generally put net, to flow over partially with the wind as well with the wind.When putting net, 1 people's steering is held concurrently and is driven, and 2 people's rotations are put guiding principle and doublely to be tied up, put buoy 12, and guiding principle is put down in 2 people's rotations, the common brick of colligation simultaneously 7.Put net complete, bush rope 9 is tied in bow stake, then ship, net with the wind, stream drift.Hauling is generally carried out at weather side, first bush rope 9 is taken over, during to train end, pick up buoy 12, then buoy line 13 and bush rope 9 are imported net hauler roller in the lump, 1 people operates net hauler, and 2 people are closed exaggerated reconciliation buoy, 2 people are closed infraclass take off common brick 7, and all the other personnel reel and arrange etting and win catches.
Embodiment 1
The prosperous fishing 4068 in Changyi, Shandong Shandong fishing boat offshore production contrast experiment, captain Li Zunxiao.
During 2010-2013, the prosperous fishing 4068 in Shandong fishing boat offshore production contrast experiment.2010, half original production netting gear, the newly-designed netting gear comparative trial of half; 2011-2013 all uses newly-designed netting gear instead.
Fishing boat: wooden, power 350 horsepowers (or 257.25kW), overall length 29m, molded breadth 6m, moldeed depth 2.5m.Band 800, net, crewman 7 people.4 drum net haulers 2, each 1 of port and starboard.Single 800, ship band net.
Operation fishing ground: southern Yellow Sea 120,123,133,143 district etc.
Master catches object: Spanish mackerel (individual greatly, 3.00-3.50kg/ tail is individual), formal name used at school: scomberomorus niphonius Scomberomorus niphonius (Cuvier et Valenciennes).
Operation fishing season: early April-mid-May.
Operation water layer: at the middle and upper levels.The operation area depth of water: 70m.
Output per net: 100-180kg.Single ship annual production: 5000-6000kg.
Result: captain reacts, and two kinds of netting gear fishery harvesting effects do not have difference.
Embodiment 2
Shandong, Qingdao city fishing 0958 fishing boat offshore production contrast experiment, captain Luo Daijia.
During 2012-2013, city, Shandong fishing 0958 fishing boat offshore production all uses hoddy to substitute exaggerated fishing gear and other produce ship contrast experiment.
Fishing boat: wooden, power 240 horsepowers (176.4kW), overall length 24m, molded breadth 6m, moldeed depth 1.5m.Single 400, ship band net, crewman 7 people.
Operation fishing ground: the districts such as Middle of The Huanghai Sea 105,95,86,118,87.
Master catches object: Spanish mackerel (individual greatly, 2.50-3.50kg/ tail is individual), formal name used at school: scomberomorus niphonius Scomberomorus niphonius (Cuvier et Valenciennes).
Operation fishing season: early April-by the end of May.
Operation water layer: at the middle and upper levels.The operation area depth of water: 40-70m.
Output per net: 100-150kg.Single ship annual production: about 5000kg.
Result: captain reacts, and does not have difference with other netting gear fishery harvesting effects.
Claims (4)
1. a Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear unit mesh sheet, it is characterized in that it comprises etting, rete cord and accessory, etting comprises hoddy (2), major network clothing (3) and lower hoddy (4), and rete cord comprises lower edge guiding principle (5), ground rope (6) and sinker lifting rope (8); Accessory comprises float (1) and sinker (7); Upper hoddy (2) is connected with major network clothing (3), major network clothing (3) connects lower hoddy (4) downwards, lower edge guiding principle (5) penetrates in lower hoddy (4) mesh, prick with ground rope (6) stepping, lower edge guiding principle (5) and ground rope (6) are collectively referred to as infraclass again; Sinker (7) is connected on ground rope (6) by sinker lifting rope (8), the stretching rear stepping ligation of described upper hoddy (2) is as exaggerated use, substitute headline and upper limb guiding principle, directly colligation is on upper hoddy (2) for float (1), and the defining method of the size of mesh of upper hoddy (2) is the horizontal hanging ratio of major network clothing size of mesh × major network clothing; Described unit mesh sheet drift along than remaining on 1.60 ~ 1.65, described major network clothing size of mesh 120.0mm, upper hoddy size of mesh 66.0mm, lower hoddy size of mesh 120.0mm.
2. a kind of Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear unit mesh sheet according to claim 1, is characterized in that its principal dimensions is 33.00m × 19.92m.
3. a Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear, it is characterized in that it comprises the train, bush rope, the pressure guiding principle that are made up of unit mesh sheet described in more than 1 claim 1-2 any one and sinks stone, pressure guiding principle and sink stone lifting rope, buoy, buoy line, bush rope one end is connected in the infraclass of train one end, and the other end connects fishing boat; Buoy is connected on upper hoddy and upper hoddy end by buoy line, and pressure guiding principle sinks stone and is connected on bush rope by pressing guiding principle to sink stone lifting rope.
4. the assembly method of a kind of Spanish mackerel drift net fishing gear according to claim 3, concrete steps are as follows:
1) the etting assembling of unit mesh sheet: upper hoddy (2) and major network clothing (3) 1 order tie a knots with netting twine to 1 order and sewed up, the stretching rear stepping ligation of upper hoddy as exaggerated use, alternative upper limb guiding principle and headline; Lower hoddy (4) and major network clothing (3) 1 order are tied a knot to sew up to 1 order and are connected, and upper hoddy keeps the horizontal hanging ratio 0.55 of major network clothing;
2) the rete cord assembling of unit mesh sheet: lower edge guiding principle (5) is penetrated in lower hoddy (4) mesh, then pricks with ground rope (6) stepping, lower edge guiding principle keeps the horizontal hanging ratio 0.535 of major network clothing, and infraclass is than exaggerated short 1.00m;
3) the accessory assembling of unit mesh sheet: after upper hoddy (2) is stretching, hoddy colligation 1 float on every 42 orders, each float spacing is impartial; Sinker is connected on ground rope by sinker lifting rope;
4) two panels adjacent cells mesh sheet blind stitching, the upper hoddy knotting of two adjacent element mesh sheets connected, ground rope, lower edge guiding principle are also pricked knotting and are connected, and each unit mesh sheet is linked to be train in turn;
5) bush rope one end is connected in the infraclass of train one end, and the other end connects fishing boat; Buoy is connected on upper hoddy and upper hoddy end by buoy line; Pressure guiding principle sinks stone and is connected on bush rope by pressing guiding principle to sink stone lifting rope;
6) drift along and match well standby, drift along than i.e. net buoyancy and the ratio of settling capacity, remain on 1.60 ~ 1.65, to keep mesh sheet vertical opening in water good and to swim in upper strata, waters, according to drifting along than the quantity being equipped with float and sinker.
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| CN105532590B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Drift net weight-driven |
| CN105475242B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | It can effectively avoid the drift net device of ghost fishing |
| CN105557644B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of drift net convenient for salvaging |
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| CN108229032A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-06-29 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of test model method for building up for fishery purse seine |
| CN110367213A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-25 | 青海湖裸鲤救护中心(青海省鱼类原种良种场) | A kind of netting gear and its operating method for middle and small river fishes fishing |
| CN111466348B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2021-09-17 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Bottom line pressing device for pond trawl |
| CN113785800A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-14 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Three-layer multi-mesh composite gill net device for investigating reservoir fish resources |
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