CN103392045B - 宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统 - Google Patents
宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种立柱(12)和横梁(14)的防火结构,但更具体地涉及一种宽凸缘的钢立柱和横梁的通过固定于与宽凸缘立柱或横梁相连接的全长滑动包装框架(20)的多个石膏板(18)的方式的防火系统。
Description
发明技术领域
本发明涉及立柱和横梁的防火结构,但更具体地涉及一种宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的通过固定于与宽凸缘钢立柱或横梁相连接的全长滑动包装框架的石膏板的方式的防火系统。
发明背景技术
近年来,在建筑物中特别是对于高层房屋和建筑,预防和控制火灾损害的防火系统和加固材料的用途已经越来越重要。
在火灾中,建筑物的快速崩溃和倒塌可以通过提供防火结构元素特别是宽凸缘的立柱和横梁来预防。
主要由于防火不足而倒塌的高层结构的一个很好的例子是世界贸易中心。根据美国国家标准和技术研究所(NIST)于2004年7月发表的研究结果,有必要开发一种改进的钢结构防火的系统和方法,其中推荐使用石膏板。然而,石膏板的安装往往是难以安装的,这使得发明者去构思本发明。
保护建筑物免于快速崩塌的一种方式在美国专利4,696,137中提及,其中公开了用于安装和支撑主梁的梁支撑结点,其中I型梁或T型梁的隔室是由混凝土填充,并且立柱与凸缘的连接是通过焊接。已知混凝土能承受火灾引起的发热。然而,只有横梁的隔室部分填充有混凝土,除此外混凝土使得该系统具有相当大的重量,特别是横梁。此外,焊接操作需要更多的工作时间和人力。
在美国专利4,584,811中公开了在建筑结构中防火横梁的另一个系统,其包括修剪为钢横梁凸缘的贴面支架,其中钢横梁喷涂有防火涂料。然而,与应用在本发明中的安装的石膏板相比,该喷涂料被证实提供较弱的防火性。该现有技术的另一个问题是所述贴面支架的应用是有限的并且是特别为电梯升降系设计统而不是为宽凸缘的立柱和横梁。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统,通过固定于特别设计的包装框架和唇状框架的防火石膏板的方式。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统,可保护建筑物结构至多达四个小时的防火等级。
尽管如此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种容易制造的宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统。
此外,本发明的一个目的是提供一种易于安装的宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统。
及,本发明的一个目的是提供一种采用轻质材料的宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统。
另,本发明的一个目的是提供一种专为高楼大厦设计的宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种专为保护不同凸缘厚度的立柱和横梁而设计的宽凸缘钢立柱和横梁的防火系统。
附图简述
这些和其它优点可以由阅读附图的详细描述而变得显而易见,其中:
图1是根据本发明的宽凸缘钢立柱的防火系统的透视图;
图2是根据本发明的宽凸缘钢立柱的防火系统的爆炸分解图;
图3是根据本发明的宽凸缘钢横梁的防火系统的透视图;
图4是根据本发明的宽凸缘钢横梁的防火系统的爆炸分解图;
图5是图1的宽凸缘钢立柱的防火系统的截面图;
图6是图3的宽凸缘钢横梁的防火系统的截面图;
图7是根据本发明的夹式的包装框架的截面图;及
图8是根据本发明的唇状边角框架的截面图。
发明详述
现详细地参照附图,将在图1中所示的宽凸缘钢立柱的防火系统指定为10。
立柱系统10包括一个宽凸缘立柱12,其具有一个垂直板14和一对横向相对的从垂直板14处成直角延伸的凸缘16。
在图1中所示有至少四个滑动包装框架20,其中每个包装框架20通过滑动来纵向地连接凸缘16,这意味着凸缘16可以压入配合所述的包装框架20。再随后的段落中进一步详细讨论包装框架20与凸缘16的连接。
在理想的情况下,包装框架20是“全长”的,这意味着它的长度与立柱12的长度是相同的。然而,本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明范围的情况下很容易完成对包装框架20的大小和数量的修改。然后,它可以被缩短,或增加其数量,而且依据凸缘16的长度串联设置。
图2所示的立柱系统10的爆炸分解图详细描述了包装框架20和石膏板18连接至宽凸缘立柱12的方式。
石膏板18是防火的。如图1和2中所示,在单一的外壳层中使用至少四个石膏板18,但根据防火等级可增加到多层。例如,可以是双层,这意味着需要8个石膏板18来实现双层。优选地,石膏板18通过多个螺钉19的方式固定到包装框架20,其中为便于拧紧包装框架20设置有滚花17。
在图7中,所示为滑动包装框架20的截面图。包装框架20具有包含一对侧向端部23a和23b的直立底座22。第一支架臂24横向设置于一个所述端部特别是侧向端部23a。支架唇25从第一支架臂24向另一侧向端部23b向内地延伸。第一夹紧臂26在侧向端部23a和23b之间的预定位置处与第一支架臂24平行设置,从而限定第二支架臂28在所述第一支架臂24和所述第一夹紧臂26之间。第一夹紧臂26的长度“H”随凸缘16的厚度而变化。实际上,长度“H”的标准优选大小从23毫米至63毫米。第二夹紧臂27从所述第一夹紧臂26以锐角“Y”延伸并远离第一支架臂24。滑动臂29从所述第二夹紧臂27朝第一夹紧臂26以锐角“X”有角度地延伸。相对于“H”为23毫米长的第一夹紧臂26,角度“X”和“Y”优选分别是40°和75°。包装框架20经位于滑动臂29和直立底座22之间的开口50连接到每个所述凸缘16,通过开口50将包装框架20夹入边缘16。
图7还描述了具有滚花17来在其上拧松拧紧的第一支架臂24和第二支架臂28。包装框架20由镀锌板制作并且优选地通过冷轧成形和弯曲的来制成。然而,本领域技术人员很容易修改该方法和材料。
再看回图2,所示为单层防火等级的至少四个石膏板18。石膏板18通过螺钉19的方式固定,通过第一支架臂24和第二支架臂28的滚花17配置为封闭的宽凸缘立柱12来防火。
图5是描述了夹入凸缘16的第二夹紧臂27的立柱系统10的截面图。
现参看图3,所示为通常指定为100的宽凸缘钢横梁的防火系统的透视图。横梁系统100作为混凝土板104的横梁支撑并且通常用于多层建筑物的地板。横梁凸缘102a被固定地连接至板104并作为其支撑结构。横梁系统100包括宽凸缘横梁106,具有一个水平隔板103和从所述水平隔板103处以直角延伸的一对侧向相对的凸缘102a和102b。
图4是横梁系统100的爆炸分解图。所示为一对滑动的包装框架20,每一个被纵向滑动至一个所述凸缘特别是凸缘102b。用于横梁系统100中的包装框架20与立柱系统10相似并且在前面的关于图7的段落中充分讨论。
再看回图4,所示为一对唇状边角框架110具有一个水平臂112和从所述的水平臂112向下延伸的垂直臂114。唇状边角框架110具有一个倒置L的形状。
图8中所示为唇状边角框架110的截面图,其中水平臂112和垂直臂114向内地具有唇状边缘116,并且所述水平臂112配置为固定地连接到板104。水平臂112与垂直臂114还设置有滚花17以容易地螺旋连接至石膏板18。唇状边角框架110由镀锌板制成并且优选的由冷轧成形和弯曲的来制成。
如图6所示,根据防火等级对于每一层需要至少三个石膏板18。石膏板18通过螺钉19螺旋连接至垂直臂114,第一支架臂24和第二支架臂28从而封闭宽凸缘横梁106来防火。
因此,应该理解,本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明精神的情况下,本发明的优选实施例中所描述的许多结构上的修改和调整,例如改变大小、形状、数量和材料,是显而易见的。
Claims (5)
1.宽凸缘钢立柱的防火系统,具有垂直板和一对横向相对的从所述垂直板处以直角延伸的凸缘,包括:
滑动包装框架具有包含有一对侧向端部的直立底座,第一支架臂横向设置于一个所述端部,支架唇从所述第一支架臂朝向另一侧向端部向内延伸,第一夹紧臂在所述侧向端部之间的预定位置处与所述第一支架臂平行设置,从而限定第二支架臂在所述第一支架臂和所述第一夹紧臂之间,第二夹紧臂从所述第一夹紧臂以锐角延伸并远离所述第一支架臂,且滑动臂从所述第二夹紧臂朝向所述第一夹紧臂有角度地延伸,从而限定在所述滑动臂和直立底座之间的开口,其中,所述包装框架经所述开口通过滑动而纵向连接到每个所述凸缘,及
通过所述第一和第二支架臂固定的至少单层石膏板来配置为封闭的所述宽凸缘立柱以防火。
2.根据权利要求1的宽凸缘钢立柱的防火系统,其特征在于,所述石膏板根据防火等级是多层的。
3.根据权利要求1的宽凸缘钢立柱的防火系统,其特征在于,所述第一夹紧臂根据所述凸缘的厚度而具有可变的长度。
4.宽凸缘钢横梁的防火系统,具有水平隔板和从所述水平隔板以直角延伸的一对侧向相对的凸缘,其特征在于,一个所述凸缘牢固地固定于隔板,包括:
一对滑动包装框架具有包含有一对侧向端部的直立底座,第一支架臂横向设置在一个所述侧向端部,支架唇从所述第一支架臂向另一侧向端部向内地延伸,第一夹紧臂在所述侧向端部之间的预定位置处与所述第一支架臂平行设置,从而限定第二支架臂在所述第一支架臂和所述第一夹紧臂之间,第二夹紧臂从所述第一夹紧臂以锐角延伸并远离所述第一支架臂,且滑动臂从所述第二夹紧臂朝向所述第一夹紧臂有角度地延伸,从而限定出在所述滑动臂和直立底座之间的开口,其中,每一个所述包装框架经所述开口通过滑动来纵向地连接到一个所述凸缘,
一对唇状边角框架具有一个水平臂和从所述的水平臂向下延伸的垂直臂,其中所述水平臂和垂直臂向内地具有唇状边缘,且其中所述水平臂配置为固定地连接到所述板,及
通过所述垂直臂固定的至少单层的石膏板,第一支架臂和第二支架臂配置为封闭的所述宽凸缘横梁以防火。
5.根据权利要求4的宽凸缘钢横梁的防火系统,其特征在于,所述石膏板根据防火等级是多层的。
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PCT/PH2011/000021 WO2012105858A1 (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2011-11-16 | A fire protection system for wide flange steel columns and beams |
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CN103291029B (zh) * | 2013-05-09 | 2016-01-13 | 舟山市金海舟船舶设备有限公司 | 柱子的包装结构 |
US10415237B1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2019-09-17 | Philip Glen Miller | Self-aligning corner bead for fireproofing structural steel member and method of using same |
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- 2011-11-16 US US13/821,484 patent/US8555593B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-11-16 EP EP11822835.2A patent/EP2670925B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-11-16 WO PCT/PH2011/000021 patent/WO2012105858A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN103392045A (zh) | 2013-11-13 |
EP2670925A1 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
US20130167475A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
EP2670925B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
US8555593B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 |
WO2012105858A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
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