CN103389524B - The forecasting procedure of tunnel geology and system - Google Patents
The forecasting procedure of tunnel geology and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103389524B CN103389524B CN201310332263.8A CN201310332263A CN103389524B CN 103389524 B CN103389524 B CN 103389524B CN 201310332263 A CN201310332263 A CN 201310332263A CN 103389524 B CN103389524 B CN 103389524B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of forecasting procedure and system of tunnel geology.Wherein, the method comprises: carry out seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel; Suspicious geology section is determined according to the result that above-mentioned seismic reflection method surveys; The exploration of short distance method is carried out to the suspicious geology section determined; Result according to above-mentioned short distance method exploration carries out geologic prediction.According to the present invention, the tunnel geology investigation method solving single mode cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, causes constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improves the practicality of forecast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to constructing tunnel field, in particular to a kind of forecasting procedure and system of tunnel geology.
Background technology
In method for tunnel construction, advance geologic prediction is on the basis of Tunnel Design, for ensureing safety for tunnel engineering, instructs tunnel construction, improves tunnel construction quality and the tunnel unfavorable geology carried out and the work of construction geology disaster advanced prediction.Meanwhile, for different geographical environments, the method for the advance geologic prediction that constructing tunnel is used is also different.Such as, in the area that there is underground river, when wearing underground river under needs and carrying out constructing tunnel, advance geologic prediction must be carried out, to detect the situation that water fathering may occur front of tunnel heading, thus constructing tunnel correct decisions can be instructed, avoid the generation of construction geology disaster.
But in correlation technique, the exploration Method compare of tunnel geology situation is single, cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, cause constructing tunnel to there is potential safety hazard; For the problem of this potential safety hazard, at present effective solution is not yet proposed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of forecasting procedure and system of tunnel geology, in order to solve the problem.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of forecasting procedure of tunnel geology, comprising: seismic reflection method exploration is carried out to the geology in tunnel; Suspicious geology section is determined according to the result that above-mentioned seismic reflection method surveys; The exploration of short distance method is carried out to the suspicious geology section determined; Result according to above-mentioned short distance method exploration carries out geologic prediction.
Preferably, above-mentioned by seismic reflection method survey result in be defined as suspicious geology section with upper/lower positions: can the 50m that caves in be caused
3above fault belt position; Water burst speed can be caused to be 50m
3the rich water level of/more than h is put; The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
Preferably, the above-mentioned suspicious geology section to determining carry out short distance method exploration comprise: to the suspicious geology section determined carry out geology sketch and/or geological radar method exploration.
Preferably, the above-mentioned result according to the exploration of short distance method is carried out geologic prediction and is comprised: when the result surveyed according to short distance method determines at least there is following situation for the moment, carry out geologic hazard nowcasting: suspicious geology section exists water fathering; There is landslide in suspicious geology section; There is prominent mud gushing water in suspicious geology section; There is rock burst in suspicious geology section; There is Gas Outburst in suspicious geology section.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of forecast system of tunnel geology, comprising: tunnel seismic survey apparatus, for carrying out seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel; Short distance search equipment, for determining suspicious geology section according to the exploration result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus, and carries out the exploration of short distance method to the suspicious geology section determined; Geologic prediction equipment, carries out geologic prediction for the exploration result according to short distance search equipment.
Preferably, above-mentioned short distance search equipment comprises: ground penetrating radar equipment.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment comprises: hazard forecasting judge module, for judging whether the exploration result of short distance search equipment at least exists one of following situation: suspicious geology section exists water fathering; There is landslide in suspicious geology section; There is prominent mud gushing water in suspicious geology section; There is rock burst in suspicious geology section; There is Gas Outburst in suspicious geology section; Hazard forecasting module, for when the judged result of hazard forecasting judge module is for being, carries out geologic hazard nowcasting.
The present invention progressively adopts seismic reflection method and the exploration of short distance method to carry out the exploration of tunnel geology, obtain survey data, these data are because combining above-mentioned investigation method, therefore Reliability comparotive is strong, the geologic prediction carried out based on these data is more accurate, and then the tunnel geology investigation method solving single mode cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, causes constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improves the practicality of forecast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a application's part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the forecasting procedure process flow diagram of the tunnel geology that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the forecast system structured flowchart of the tunnel geology that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
Hereinafter also describe the present invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.
In order to optimize the prospecting technique of tunnel geology, obtain surveying result more accurately, and then provide reliable data for constructing tunnel, promote the security of constructing tunnel, embodiments provide a kind of forecasting procedure and system of tunnel geology.
The forecasting procedure process flow diagram of tunnel geology as shown in Figure 1, the method comprises the following steps:
Step S102, carries out seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel;
Step S104, determines suspicious geology section according to the result that above-mentioned seismic reflection method surveys;
Step S106, carries out the exploration of short distance method to the suspicious geology section determined;
Step S108, the result according to above-mentioned short distance method exploration carries out geologic prediction.
The said method of the embodiment of the present invention progressively adopts seismic reflection method and the exploration of short distance method to carry out the exploration of tunnel geology, obtain survey data, these data are because combining above-mentioned investigation method, therefore Reliability comparotive is strong, the geologic prediction carried out based on these data is more accurate, and then the tunnel geology investigation method solving single mode cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, causes constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improves the practicality of forecast.
In order to promote the precision of seismic reflection method exploration, the above-mentioned geological condition according to tunnel perimeter region, carry out seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel can also comprise: according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, choose borehole position, search angle and tuning angle; Seismic reflection method exploration is carried out according to the borehole position chosen, search angle and tuning angle.
In order to strengthen the validity of follow-up exploration process, determine targetedly need continue exploration section, above-mentioned steps S104 can comprise: by seismic reflection method survey result in be defined as suspicious geology section with upper/lower positions: can the 50m that caves in be caused
3above fault belt position; Water burst speed can be caused to be 50m
3the rich water level of/more than h is put; The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
In the embodiment of the present invention, carrying out the exploration of short distance method to the suspicious geology section determined can comprise: carry out geology sketch and/or geological radar method exploration to the suspicious geology section determined.
Consider the safety issue of construction, in the embodiment of the present invention, carrying out geologic prediction according to the result of short distance method exploration can comprise: when the result surveyed according to short distance method at least exists following situation for the moment, carry out geologic hazard nowcasting:
1) there is water fathering in suspicious geology section;
2) there is landslide in suspicious geology section;
3) there is prominent mud gushing water in suspicious geology section;
4) there is rock burst in suspicious geology section;
5) there is Gas Outburst in suspicious geology section.
As can be seen here, the geologic prediction method in the above embodiment of the present invention, carries out Synthetic Geological Prediction Ahead of Construction in conjunction with multiple physical prospecting means, forms the method that macroscopical prediction instructs microcosmic to forecast, long distance forecast guidance short-distance and medium-distance are forecast.During specific implementation said method, the mode of geophysical prospecting (TSP203+ geological radar combines) can be adopted to carry out.
Consider the complicacy of Xia Chuan underground river, tunnel geology, below for tunnel, underground river, the detailed process realizing above-mentioned geologic prediction be described:
The first step: determine bore position, seismic reflection method is adopted to carry out long distance measurement, to forecast position and the scale of many water that construction can run into or rich water unfavorable geologic body, the Grades of Surrounding Rock of forecast tunnel section, verify rock stratum contact area band and larger Karst Features, the forecast integrality of rock mass and the developmental state of karst and underground water, there is the possibility of water fathering in forecast; The distance of long distance measurement is front of tunnel heading 100-150m;
The available result of this step comprises: the fault belt etc. that the general constructing tunnel that forecasts with unerring accuracy runs into causes position and the scale of the unfavorable geologic body caving in or cave in; Generally can not omit and can cause the 50m that caves in
3above unfavorable geologic body; The position of the old kiln that the solution cavity that the fault crevice water that the general constructing tunnel that comparatively forecasts with unerring accuracy runs into, Karst Tunnel run into, underground river, karst mud band and gas tunnel may run into, old Kong or other many water or rich water unfavorable geologic body and scale; Generally can not omit and can cause large water burst (50m
3/ more than h), the unfavorable geologic body of even prominent mud gushing water; Comparatively forecast with unerring accuracy the Grades of Surrounding Rock (error is less than half grade) of section; And the possibility of the construction geology disasters such as the main unfavorable geology of section caves in, prominent mud gushing water can be forecast qualitatively.
In addition, the seismic reflection method in this step can adopt tunnel seismic survey instrument (TunnelSeismicPrediction, TSP) to detect; And determine that the method for bore position is: lay borehole boring at the side tunnel side wall seeing main unfavorable geology at first; Laying sensor sleeve boring apart from last borehole 15-20m place, and sensor sleeve boring is arranged symmetrically with along tunnel two wall.
Wherein, in TSP detection process, the determination of bore position directly affects the accuracy of result of detection.Adopt the defining method of above-mentioned preferred bore position, the accuracy of result anticipation can be improved.
Second step: adopt geological radar to carry out short distance detection, to find out the position of karst, scale and form; The position of forecast water fathering; Short distance detection front of tunnel heading 15-30m;
Wherein, the method that geological radar carries out short distance detection can adopt ground penetrating radar detection instrument to detect, and distance > 1/2 wavelength between the antenna of ground penetrating radar detection instrument and excavation face.Ground penetrating radar exploration is ripe, detects more stable.And in detection process, antenna-coupled problem is also the key factor affecting the value of forecasting, during distance > 1/2 wavelength between the antenna and excavation face of ground penetrating radar detection instrument, detection instrument antenna-coupled degree is high, and then improves the accuracy of forecast.
In addition, ground penetrating radar detection instrument also has following performance: effectively forecast distance is generally front of tunnel heading 20m, and experienced hands can reach front of tunnel heading 30-40m; On the basis of the long-term advance geologic prediction achievement of TSP, can compared with the character of accurate forecast tunnels unfavorable geologic body: for the judgement of fault belt, generally can reach 80%; Experienced hands can reach more than 90%; The cave type unfavorable geologic body such as solution cavity, underground river, karst mud band, old kiln and old Kong are judged generally can reach 80%; Experienced hands, can reach more than 90%; The precision of forecast unfavorable geology body position is generally 80%, and experienced hands can reach more than 95%; The precision of forecast unfavorable geologic body scale is generally 70%, and experienced hands can reach more than 90%.
3rd step: according to ground penetrating radar detection, monitoring is launched to water fathering in hole, and forecast.
The method of concrete front pre-grouting can in the following ways: in distance forecast, grouting hole is being beaten at 5-10m place, gushing water position, and grouting hole is umbrella layout from face along excavation direction centered by tunnel center line.Adopt which can produce larger grouting pressure, thus the water burst situation of more effectively preventing disasters property.In order to improve the degree of this effect, more preferably, 8 ring grouting holes can be made a call to, and every ring grouting hole spacing is 60cm.
As described above, forecast position and the scale of many water that construction can run into or rich water unfavorable geologic body by seismic reflection method in said method, the Grades of Surrounding Rock of forecast tunnel section, verify rock stratum contact area band and larger Karst Features, the forecast integrality of rock mass and the developmental state of karst and underground water, there is the possibility of water fathering in forecast.Wherein, the detectable distance of this step is front of tunnel heading 100-150m.On the basis of this long distance measurement, geological radar is adopted to carry out short distance detection, to find out the position of karst, scale and form; The position of forecast water fathering, completes the detection of front of tunnel heading 15-30m.Finally, the water fathering occurred is detected, in order to construction in later period reference.
It can thus be appreciated that said method is taked from far near, determine by reporting for work in advance, achieve the detection of accurate detection front of tunnel heading water fathering.
Based on above-mentioned forecast, follow-up appropriate method of can taking carries out excavation supporting construction to tunnel.Main construction techniques can comprise: ring → next one circulation closed into by grouting for water-blocking validity check → forepoling construction → benching tunnelling method excavation → H-shaped steel supporting → sprayed concrete → bottomed → H-shaped steel supporting → anchor spraying concrete → inverted arch of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation.
Corresponding to said method, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of forecast system of tunnel geology, and see Fig. 2, this system comprises:
Tunnel seismic survey apparatus 22, for carrying out seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel;
Short distance search equipment 24, for determining suspicious geology section according to the exploration result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus 22, and carries out the exploration of short distance method to the suspicious geology section determined;
Geologic prediction equipment 26, carries out geologic prediction for the exploration result according to short distance search equipment 24.
The said system of the embodiment of the present invention progressively adopts seismic reflection method and the exploration of short distance method to carry out the exploration of tunnel geology, obtain survey data, these data are because combining above-mentioned investigation method, therefore Reliability comparotive is strong, the geologic prediction carried out based on these data is more accurate, and then the tunnel geology investigation method solving single mode cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, causes constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improves the practicality of forecast.
Preferably, above-mentioned short distance search equipment 24 comprises: ground penetrating radar equipment.This ground penetrating radar is a kind of active electromagnetic waves equipment, its ultimate principle sends frequency electromagnetic waves (10MHz ~ 1000MHz) to underground, then receive the electromagnetic wave echoed signal reflected from underground medium, identify buried target and characteristic thereof by the analysis to echoed signal, research.Therefore, ground penetrating radar mainly studies the propagation law of uhf electromagnetic wave in underground medium.Due to radar employing is frequency electromagnetic waves, and therefore it has higher detection resolution, also brings higher absorption and attenuation simultaneously, cause investigation depth little, general under the effect of 200MHz antenna, side-bed resistivity is when hundreds of ohm meter, and effective forward probe degree of depth is within 30 meters.
Particularly, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment 26 comprises: hazard forecasting judge module, for judging whether the exploration result of short distance search equipment at least exists one of following situation: 1) suspicious geology section exists water fathering; 2) there is landslide in suspicious geology section; 3) there is prominent mud gushing water in suspicious geology section; 4) there is rock burst in suspicious geology section; 5) there is Gas Outburst in suspicious geology section; Hazard forecasting module, for when the judged result of hazard forecasting judge module is for being, carries out geologic hazard nowcasting.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that, above-mentioned of the present invention each module or each step can realize with general calculation element, they can concentrate on single calculation element, or be distributed on network that multiple calculation element forms, alternatively, they can realize with the executable program code of calculation element, thus, they can be stored and be performed by calculation element in the storage device, and in some cases, step shown or described by can performing with the order be different from herein, or they are made into each integrated circuit modules respectively, or the multiple module in them or step are made into single integrated circuit module to realize.Like this, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software combination.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a forecasting procedure for tunnel geology, is characterized in that, comprising:
Seismic reflection method exploration is carried out to the geology in tunnel;
Suspicious geology section is determined according to the result that described seismic reflection method surveys;
The exploration of short distance method is carried out to the described suspicious geology section determined;
Result according to described short distance method exploration carries out geologic prediction;
Wherein, the described geology to tunnel carry out seismic reflection method exploration comprise: according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, choose borehole position, search angle and tuning angle; Seismic reflection method exploration is carried out according to the borehole position chosen, search angle and tuning angle;
Described method also comprises: be defined as described suspicious geology section with upper/lower positions in the result survey described seismic reflection method:
The 50m that caves in can be caused
3above fault belt position;
Water burst speed can be caused to be 50m
3the rich water level of/more than h is put;
The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, carries out the exploration of short distance method comprise the described suspicious geology section determined:
Geology sketch and/or geological radar method exploration are carried out to the described suspicious geology section determined.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, carries out geologic prediction comprise according to the result of described short distance method exploration:
When determining at least there is following situation for the moment according to the result of described short distance method exploration, carry out geologic hazard nowcasting:
There is water fathering in described suspicious geology section;
There is landslide in described suspicious geology section;
There is prominent mud gushing water in described suspicious geology section;
There is rock burst in described suspicious geology section;
There is Gas Outburst in described suspicious geology section.
4. a forecast system for tunnel geology, is characterized in that, comprising:
Tunnel seismic survey apparatus, for carrying out seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in described tunnel; Wherein, the described geology to tunnel carry out seismic reflection method exploration comprise: according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, choose borehole position, search angle and tuning angle; Seismic reflection method exploration is carried out according to the borehole position chosen, search angle and tuning angle;
Short distance search equipment, for determining suspicious geology section according to the exploration result of described tunnel seismic survey apparatus, and carries out the exploration of short distance method to the described suspicious geology section determined; Wherein, described suspicious geology section is defined as with upper/lower positions in the result of described seismic reflection method exploration: the 50m that caves in can be caused
3above fault belt position; Water burst speed can be caused to be 50m
3the rich water level of/more than h is put; The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water
Geologic prediction equipment, for carrying out geologic prediction according to the exploration result of described short distance search equipment.
5. system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described short distance search equipment comprises: ground penetrating radar equipment.
6. system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described geologic prediction equipment comprises:
Hazard forecasting judge module, for judging whether the exploration result of described short distance search equipment at least exists one of following situation: described suspicious geology section exists water fathering; There is landslide in described suspicious geology section; There is prominent mud gushing water in described suspicious geology section; There is rock burst in described suspicious geology section; There is Gas Outburst in described suspicious geology section;
Hazard forecasting module, for when the judged result of described hazard forecasting judge module is for being, carries out geologic hazard nowcasting.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103399355A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-11-20 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | Forecasting method and system for tunnel geology |
| CN107462935A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-12-12 | 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司 | A kind of Tunnel Passing rich water is rotten to insult the prominent mud hazard prediction method of rock zone gushing water |
| CN110221341A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-10 | 武汉中科岩土工程有限责任公司 | A kind of constructing tunnel unfavorable geology advanced prediction method |
| CN110320576A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-11 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for forecasting advanced geology, device and storage medium |
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