CN103383242B - Freeze soil area oil and gas pipeline monitoring method - Google Patents
Freeze soil area oil and gas pipeline monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for monitoring an oil and gas pipeline in a frozen soil area. The process comprises the following steps: the temperature sensor group, the water content sensor group and the fiber bragg grating displacement sensor group respectively monitor the temperature, the water content and the displacement of the pipe body around the pipeline; the monitored signals are transmitted to the optical switch (13) through the optical cable (12), demodulated and transmitted to the lower computer (15) through the demodulator (14), the lower computer (15) calls a self-programmed program to control the optical switch (13) and the demodulator (14), and data are collected and preprocessed; the preprocessed data are transmitted to a low orbit satellite (17) through a satellite communication module (16), the low orbit satellite (17) receives the data and forwards the data to a satellite communication module (18), the satellite communication module (18) transmits the received data to an upper computer (19) for analysis and processing, the safety state of a pipeline is judged, and disaster forecast is conducted. The invention has high precision, high stability and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method based on fiber grating sensing technology, is related to the survey of length
Amount, the measurement of temperature, other classes do not include measurement, general control system and pipe-line system technical field.
Background technology
Frozen soil is a kind of special great soil group, and temperature is that subzero temperature or zero are warm, and the soil containing ice, referred to as frozen soil.By soil
The length of frozen state retention time, frozen soil typically can be divided into frozen soil (a few hours are to first quarter moon), seasonal frozen ground in short-term again, and (first quarter moon is extremely
Several months) and ever-frozen ground (more than 2 years).China's frozen soil is developed very much, about 2,110,000 square kilometres of ever-frozen ground area, accounts for
The 23% of China's territory total area, accounts for the 3rd in the world, is mainly distributed on Qinghai-Tibet Platean, western high mountain and northeast large and small
Xing'an Mountains；About 5,140,000 square kilometres of frost zone area, accounts for the 53.5% of territory total area.Wherein, middle depth season
Frozen soil (>The 1/3 of area 1m) is accounted for, three provinces in the northeast of China, the Inner Mongol, Gansu, Ningxia, In The North of Xinjiang, Qinghai is distributed mainly on
With the ground such as Chuan Xi.
The construction of developed country oil pipeline oneself have more than 100 years history, many Frozen Ground Areas are contained huge petroleum resources,
Correspondingly oil and gas pipes engineering design and construction becomes the newest challenge of these regional petroleum industries.Open from the sixties in 20th century
Begin, large diameter pipeline starts leading northern North america and Siberia Permafrost Area oil gas field transports market.During the Second World War, gram
Exert (Canol) pipeline crude oil is transported to the Alaska State Fairbanks city in the U.S. from Canadian Luo Man wells
(Fairbanks)；Caliber in 1956 is repaiied to Fei Bankesi cities from this city of Alaska State glycolylurea (Haines) for the oil pipe of 203mm
Build up work(；20 century 70s early stage, the existing oil pipeline in former Soviet Union Permafrost Area；It is 1977, long 1280km, a diameter of
The crude oil of U.S. Alaska State north slope low temperature Permafrost Area is continuously transported to me by the oil pipeline of 1220mm
This add south natural ice-free port Wa Erdisi (Valdez), then oil tanker by crude oil transportation to California.In the eighties in 20th century
Phase, our horse (Zama) lake, long 869km, bore northern is saved from Canadian Luo Man wells to Canadian Ahlport (Alberta)
The environment temperature pipeline of 30.5cm is timely completed laying, and Luo Man well conduits are that Canadian Permafrost Area first is buried completely
Oil pipeline.These pipelines are even destroyed by the threat of permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement disaster during runing.Wherein, Ke Nu
First 9 months after bringing into operation, pipeline there are about 700x 10 to youngster (Canol) pipeline along the line4L crude oil leakages.Mackenzie riverbanks
A upper 12700m3Storage tank farm rupture, most of oil storage flowed in river.After Japan surrenders in 1945, the pipeline is soon
It is removed；Luo Man well conduits meet frost heave and thaw collapse problem along the line in discontinuous ever-frozen ground, construction and operation, by length
Up to the monitoring of 17 years, find pipeline ever-frozen ground along the line persistently melt and sedimentation cause thaw depth up to 3-5m (gyittja) or
5-7m (coarse granule mineral soil), and significant surface subsidence.
First long-distance oil ＆ gas pipeline that China is built in Permafrost Area, i.e. Golmud-Lhasa oil pipeline are (referred to as
Lattice bracing wire), lattice bracing wire was constructed by the Chinese People's Liberation Army in 1972, was built up substantially within 1977, up to 1076km, caliber
159mm, thickness of pipe wall 6mm, 2.3x108 is first for investment.Lattice bracing wire engineering is built and safeguards very difficult, all fronts river crossing 108,
At highway crossing 123, more than 900 kilometers of pipeline is located at ever-frozen ground in more than height above sea level 4000m (highest point height above sea level 5200m), 560km
Area, freezing period are up to 8 months.Since lattice bracing wire was run from 1977, it is existing that frost heave, thaw collapse problem have resulted in repeatedly " dew pipe "
As.
China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline is North gets the Sino-Russian Heilungkiang boundary line in Mo River initial station, southern to grand celebration terminal, more than 960 kilometers of total length,
By way of counties and districts of 12, five city of two provinces, 440 kilometers of virgin forests, 11 big-and-middle-sized rivers, 5 nature reserve areas are passed through.Pipeline
Physical features north along the line is high southern low, and northern hypsography is larger, is the low mountain in Daxing'an Mountainrange, hills and river valley geomorgy along the line, and south is loose
Tender Plain, landform are flat open；Mo River-Jagdaqi section about 460km is mountain area, forest zone, Permafrost Area, and ever-frozen ground is total
Length about 314km, wherein ice, many ice ever-frozen ground 209km less, ice of satisfying, rich ice ever-frozen ground 62km, frozen soil marsh 43km.Pipe
Road is faced with serious frozen swell and melt settlement disaster threat.
For the frozen swell and melt settlement problem that pipeline faces, domestic and international unit of operation takes positive counter-measure.Luo Man wells
After pipeline is gone into operation for 1985, the daily monitoring plan of pipeline is being implemented always as the important component part of project operation, except weekly
Outside Aircraft Air line walking once, also it is mounted with substantial amounts of instrumentation along the line in pipeline to record service data, and annual 9
Month, i.e., carry out an on-site land survey when pipe sedimentation is maximum with complete pipeline on-site inspection along the line, the record of instrument data and
The work such as the site assessment in landslide location.After 1989, Luo Man well conduits are carried out in annual using in-pipeline detector
Detection, to assess unstable soil body motion and influence degree of the otherness thaw collapse to pipeline, with the continuous accumulation of detection data
And expansion, the assessment for pipe technology performance provides good basis.Norman wells pipelines be first be embedded in plus
Put on airs the oil and gas pipes of northern Permafrost Area, be responsible for and runed by Jia Na Enbridge companies, in various regulations regulations
Requirement under, established that plan is careful, the monitoring system of strong operability, including in the monitoring of frozen soil thaw collapse, pipeline
The content of seven aspects such as detection, warpage arch detection, wrinkle detection, slope test, the detection of wood chip layer status and temperature monitoring.
Change of the Gubbs criterion also by monitoring frozen soil such as regular line walking, installation pressure, temperature sensors.
Although domestic Outer Tube unit of operation takes the frozen swell and melt settlement disaster that permafrost region is tackled in positive measure, by
It is extremely complex in the formation mechenism of frozen swell and melt settlement disaster, and the frozen soil characteristic of different regions is different, at present both at home and abroad simultaneously
The monitoring technology of maturation is there are no, impact of the frozen swell and melt settlement disaster to pipeline can be monitored.For above-mentioned situation, the present invention is proposed
Monitoring method and system based on the permafrost region pipeline of fiber grating sensing technology.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be a kind of high accuracy of invention, high stability, low cost based on fiber grating sensing technology
The monitoring method of permafrost region oil and gas pipes.
The present invention proposes a kind of monitoring method of the permafrost region oil and gas pipes based on fiber grating sensing technology.It is to adopt
With fiber grating sensing technology, to frozen soil and its under the influence of oil and gas pipes carry out combined monitoring.Realize data in real time from
Move collection, remote transmission and automatically analyze.
Permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method based on fiber grating sensing technology proposed by the present invention, its Contents for Monitoring bag
Include three parts：Body displacement monitoring, permafrost region temperature monitoring, the monitoring of permafrost region water content.Wherein, body displacement monitoring adopts light
Fine grating displacement sensor real time on-line monitoring, permafrost region temperature monitoring are supervised using fiber-optical grating temperature sensor real-time online
Survey, the monitoring of permafrost region water content is using fiber grating water content sensor real time on-line monitoring.
Permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method monitoring method principle flow chart such as Fig. 1 institutes based on fiber grating sensing technology
Show, monitoring method is as shown in Figure 2.2 surfaces of oil and gas pipes a of permafrost region 1 and its around multiple optical fiber grating temperatures be installed pass
Sensor a 3, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b 4, the temperature sensor group of the compositions of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c 5, in oil gas
2 surroundings of pipeline a are installed multiple fiber grating water content sensor a 6, fiber grating water content sensor b 7, fiber grating and are contained
The water content sensor group of water sensor c 8, fiber grating water content sensor d 9 composition, in 2 side of oil and gas pipes, peace
Fill multiple fiber grating displacement sensor a 10, fiber grating displacement sensor b 11, all the sensors series welding, Ran Houtong
Cross optical cable 12 to guide in monitoring station, optical cable 12 is connected with photoswitch 13, photoswitch 13 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, demodulate
Instrument 14 is connected with slave computer 15, and 15 pretreated data of slave computer are transmitted to low-orbit satellite by satellite communication module 16
17, low-orbit satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication module 18 after receiving data, and satellite communication module 18 will be received
Data transfer be analyzed and process to host computer 19, so as to realize the safety monitoring to permafrost region oil and gas pipes.
The monitoring flow process of permafrost region oil and gas pipes：By multiple fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 3, fiber grating temperature sensor
The temperature sensor group of device b 4, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c 5 composition, multiple fiber grating water content sensor a 6, light
What fine grating water content sensor b 7, fiber grating water content sensor c 8, fiber grating water content sensor d 9 were constituted contains
The fiber grating of water sensor group and multiple fiber grating displacement sensor a 10, fiber grating displacement sensor b 11 composition
Displacement transducer group temperature respectively to pipeline, moisture and body displacement are monitored；The signal that this monitoring is obtained is by under
Position machine 15 is gathered and is pre-processed, pretreated data Jing teletransmission with receive, to host computer 19, be analyzed by host computer 19 and
Process, judge the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, carry out permafrost region pipe temperature field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region body displacement dynamic
Display, permafrost region pipeline moisture field Dynamic Announce；Permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement hazard forecasting；The safe early warning of oil and gas pipes.
Multiple fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 3, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b 4, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c5
The temperature sensor group of composition, multiple fiber grating water content sensor a 6, fiber grating water content sensor b 7, optical fiber light
The water content sensor group of grid water content sensor c 8, fiber grating water content sensor d 9 composition and multiple fiber grating positions
Displacement sensor a 10, fiber grating displacement sensor b 11 temperature respectively to pipeline, moisture and body displacement are supervised
Survey；The signal Jing optical cables 12 that this monitoring is obtained pass to photoswitch 13, and the demodulation of demodulated instrument 14 reaches slave computer 15, and slave computer 15 is adjusted
With self-editing program, photoswitch 13 and (FBG) demodulator 14 are controlled, the collection of data is realized and data is pre-processed；After pretreatment
Data transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17 by satellite communication module 16, low-orbit satellite 17 is received data forwarding after data
To satellite communication module 18, the data transfer for receiving is analyzed and is processed to host computer 19, sentenced by satellite communication module 18
The safe condition of disconnected permafrost region pipeline.
The process of data is mainly completed by software, and software flow (as shown in Figure 3) is:After beginning, slave computer data acquisition；
Photoswitch is turned on,；Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator gathered data；Slave computer data prediction；Satellite communication；Host computer judges that data are
It is no completeIf not, then slave computer data prediction is returned, if then processing and judging data whether beyond threshold valuesIf exceeding,
Then report to the police.
The optical wavelength data that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is mainly gathered by slave computer data prediction according to be converted into temperature,
Moisture and displacement data, host computer after receiving the data, are sorted data into first, draw out pipeline temperature and water content and
The tendency chart of its piping displacement, and most three Monitoring Data fusions at last, judge the safety of the stable state and pipeline of permafrost region
Situation.
Wherein:
Piping displacement monitoring method：Piping displacement monitoring method is to adopt fiber grating displacement sensor, its structure such as Fig. 4
It is shown.Near pipeline b 20, fix bar 21 is installed, fix bar 21 is deep into permafrost certain depth, to ensure to send out
Raw movement.Slide block 22 is installed in fix bar 21, with 23 connected mode of thin expansion link to weld, thin expansion link 23 is stretched into slide block 22
In thick expansion link 24, filling butter in thick expansion link 24, to ensure that thin expansion link 23 flexibly can be moved.Thick expansion link 24 and pipeline
B 20 is linked together by pipe clamp 25, and thick expansion link 24 is welding with 25 connected mode of pipe clamp.So, when pipeline b 20 occurs
When mobile, displacement can be transferred to thick expansion link 24 by pipe clamp 25, and displacement is passed to thin expansion link 23, carefully stretched by thick expansion link 24
Displacement is passed to slide block 22 by contracting bar 23, and slide block 22 is connected with fiber grating displacement sensor c 26, wherein fiber grating displacement
Sensor c 26 is large displacement sensor, needs when mounted to impose certain pretension.Fiber grating displacement sensor c 26
It is connected with data acquisition unit by cable junction box 27, realizes the monitoring of body displacement.
Piping displacement monitoring method is：Fiber grating displacement sensor a 10,11 pairs of pipes of fiber grating displacement sensor b
Displacement body is monitored；This signal for obtaining of monitoring is gathered and is pre-processed by slave computer 15, pretreated data Jing teletransmission with
Receive, to host computer 19, be analyzed and processed by host computer 19, judge the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, carry out permafrost region
Pipe temperature field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region body displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region pipeline moisture field Dynamic Announce；Permafrost region frost heave
Thaw collapse hazard forecasting；The safe early warning of oil and gas pipes.
Permafrost hazards cause pipeline to be subjected to displacement, and then cause the stress of pipeline to change, mainly axial stress
Change, therefore, judge whether pipeline is safe, only need to contrast the axis stress of pipeline and body yield stress, if super
Go out yield stress, then reported to the police.Computing formula between the displacement y and conduit axis stress σ of pipeline is as follows：
When calculating, regard pipeline the beam of the semi-infinite half-space as, become according to the stress of ground beam theory qualitative analysis pipeline
Change.
According to theory of mechanics of materials, piping displacement y curves are：
And the computing formula of moment M：
Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2) to obtain：
IzFor beam section the moment of inertia, IzComputing formula be：
The then axis stress σ of pipeline section：
In formula：E is tubing elastic modelling quantity；R is internal diameter of the pipeline, and δ is pipeline wall thickness.
As described above, the displacement y occurred according to pipeline, calculates the axis stress σ of pipeline, by σ and pipeline yield stress
Contrast, judges the safe condition of pipeline.
Permafrost region temperature monitoring method：Monitored by temperature field, pipeline freeze thawing circle and its variable condition can be grasped, be
Judge pipeline with the presence or absence of freeze thawing harm and the important evidence of potential danger.Permafrost region temperature monitoring uses fiber grating temperature
Degree sensor, its structure are as shown in Figure 5.In pipeline c 28 up and down, it is respectively mounted fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group a
29th, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group b 30, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group c 31, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group d
32.Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group a29 is made up of several fiber-optical grating temperature sensors d 33, fiber grating temperature sensor
The quantity of device d 33 and interval can be arranged according to demand.Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group b 30 and fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
Connected by single armored optical cable 34 between group d 32.Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group a 29, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor
Group b 30, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group c 31, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group d 32 are by cable junction box 35 and number
Connect according to harvester, realize the monitoring of pipeline temperature.
Permafrost region temperature monitoring method is：By fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 3, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b 4, light
The temperature sensor group of the fine compositions of grating temperature sensor c 5 is monitored to the temperature of pipeline；The letter that this monitoring is obtained
Number gathered and pre-processed by slave computer 15, pretreated data Jing teletransmission with receive, to host computer 19, carried out by host computer 19
Analysis and process, judge the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, carry out permafrost region pipe temperature field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region body position
Move Dynamic Announce, permafrost region pipeline moisture field Dynamic Announce；Permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement hazard forecasting；The safety of oil and gas pipes is pre-
It is alert.
The temperature of frozen soil layer is decided by the comprehensive function of nature palegeology factor, and it reflects between the earth's crust and atmospheric thermodynamics
Heat exchange condition, is one of frozen soil layer key character.We using soil temperature year change layer bottom year-round average temperature come
Represent and contrast frozen soil layer temperature.The temperature value of each position measurement is depicted as into curve according to depth first, in temperature curve
Upper order takes a little, and the numerical value (depth and temperature) that each is put substitutes into formula (6), till equation two ends are equal, thus
The temperature for drawing is year-round average temperature tcp, annual variation of the depth value for drawing plus frost zone layer depth as soil temperature
Change depth D.
In formula：tcpFor mean annual cost (DEG C)；Z is depth value (m) corresponding with soil temperature；K is soil layer temperature diffusivity
(cm2·s-1)；T is annual period (s).
The mean annual cost t of different soil depth is calculated according to radical (6)cp, just may know that pipeline to Temperature Field of Permafrost
Coverage, and then the thaw collapse feelings that pipeline may occur under the influence of this are calculated by finite element method further
Condition.
The aqueous quantity monitoring method of permafrost region：Pipeline soil moisture content is to determine one of key parameter of soil physical factors,
Directly influence the frost heave and thaw collapse feature of soil；Due to the water translocation effect of the soil in frozen-thaw process, pipeline is made
Soil moisture content is in change procedure；Monitored by moisture field, especially for freezing soil total water-cut variation it is long-term
Monitoring, determines water-cut variation state and trend, judges for pipe and soil interaction comprehensive analysis and pipeline potential risk.Permafrost region
Using fiber grating water content sensor, its structure is as shown in Figure 6 for water content monitoring.Optical fiber light is installed in the left side of pipeline d36
Grid water content sensor group 37, installs fiber grating water content sensor group 38 on the right side of pipeline d 36, pipeline d's 36
Downside is installed by fiber grating water content sensor group 39.Water content sensor group 37 is by several fiber grating water content sensors
40 compositions, the quantity of fiber grating water content sensor 40 and interval can be arranged according to demand.Water content sensor group 38 and contain
Connected by single armored optical cable 41 between water sensor group 39.Temperature sensor group 37,38,39 passes through cable junction box 42
It is connected with data acquisition unit, realizes the monitoring of pipeline water content.
The aqueous quantity monitoring method of permafrost region is：By fiber grating water content sensor b 7, fiber grating water content sensor
The water content sensor group of c 8, fiber grating water content sensor d 9 composition is monitored to the moisture of pipeline；This prison
The signal for measuring is gathered and is pre-processed by slave computer 15, pretreated data Jing teletransmission with receive, to host computer 19, by upper
Position machine 19 is analyzed and processes, and judges the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, carries out permafrost region pipe temperature field Dynamic Announce, freezes
Native area's body displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region pipeline moisture field Dynamic Announce；Permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement hazard forecasting；Oil and gas pipes
Safe early warning.
When frost heave disaster occurs, the water content in frozen soil changes.The not all of soil body can all produce frost heave, only
When foundation soil water content could produce frost heave more than certain limit value.This Atterberg limits is referred to as into initial frost heaving amount W generally0,
The plastic limit water content of soil is Wp, the natural aqueous value of soil of water content sensor measurement is W, then when W meets following formula, soil
Body will occur strong frost heave.
Wp+ 5 ＜ W≤Wp+15 (7)
In formula：WpFor plastic limit of soil water content, can be obtained by testing.
The measured value W of water content sensor is substituted into into above formula, when the condition is satisfied, system becomes can automatic alarm.
This permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method system for use in carrying
The permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system for designing according to the method described above is as shown in Figure 7.The system is divided into field data
Collection transmission subsystem and data analysis display subsystem, specifically include fiber grating displacement sensor group, optical fiber grating temperature
Sensor group, fiber grating water content sensor group, field monitoring station, remote monitoring center.
The overall of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system is constituted as shown in Figure 2.On 2 surface of oil and gas pipes of permafrost region 1 and
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 3, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b 4,5 groups of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c are installed around which
Into temperature sensor group, fiber grating water content sensor a 6, fiber grating water content is installed around the oil and gas pipes 2 and is passed
Sensor b 7, fiber grating water content sensor c 8, the water content sensor group of the compositions of fiber grating water content sensor d 9,
In 2 side of oil and gas pipes, fiber grating displacement sensor a 10, fiber grating displacement sensor b 11, all the sensors are installed
Series welding, is then guided in monitoring station by optical cable 12, and optical cable 12 is connected with photoswitch 13, photoswitch 13 and fiber grating solution
Instrument 14 is adjusted to connect, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14 is connected with slave computer 15,15 pretreated data of slave computer pass through satellite communication
Module 16 is transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17, and low-orbit satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication module 18 after receiving data,
The data transfer for receiving is analyzed and is processed to host computer 19 by satellite communication module 18, so as to realize to permafrost region oil gas
The safety monitoring of pipeline.
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 3, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b 4, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c 5, light
Fine grating water content sensor a 6, fiber grating water content sensor b 7, fiber grating water content sensor c 8, optical fiber light
Grid water content sensor d 9, fiber grating displacement sensor a 10, fiber grating displacement sensor b 11 are respectively by pipeline
Temperature, moisture and body displacement signal Jing optical cables 12 pass to photoswitch 13, the demodulation of Jing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulators 14 reaches bottom
Machine 15, slave computer 15 call self-editing program, control photoswitch 13 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, realize the collection of data right
Data are pre-processed；Pretreated data are transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17, low-orbit satellite by satellite communication module 16
17 receive data after forward the data to satellite communication module 18, satellite communication module 18 is by the data transfer for receiving to upper
Position machine 19 is analyzed and processes, and judges the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline.The process of data is mainly completed by software, software flow
Journey is as shown in Figure 3.The optical wavelength data that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is mainly gathered by slave computer data prediction are according to being converted into
Temperature, moisture and displacement data, host computer after receiving the data, are sorted data into first, are drawn out pipeline temperature and are contained
The tendency chart of the water yield and its piping displacement, and most three Monitoring Data fusions at last, judge the stable state and pipeline of permafrost region
Safe condition.
The theory diagram of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system is as shown in fig. 7, it is divided into on-site data gathering transmission subsystem
System and data analysis display subsystem.Corresponding to the monitoring method of permafrost region oil and gas pipes, system again include displacement monitor,
Three part of device for detecting temperature and water content monitoring device.The composition of on-site data gathering transmission subsystem is：Fiber grating position
The output of displacement sensor, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor and fiber grating water content sensor connects the input of photoswitch, photoswitch
Output connect the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator output connects the input of slave computer, and slave computer output connects to be defended
Star communication module.On-site data gathering transmission subsystem is communicated with data analysis display subsystem by low-orbit satellite.Data
Analysis display subsystem composition be：Satellite communication module output connects the input of host computer, and host computer output has permafrost region temperature
Field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region piping displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region moisture field Dynamic Announce.
The electric principle of the system as shown in figure 8, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group, fiber grating water content sensor group and
The FC joints of fiber grating displacement sensor group FC input ports 1 respectively with photoswitch, FC input ports 2, FC input ports 3
Connection, the R232 ports of photoswitch connect the R232 ports 1 of slave computer, and the FC output ports of photoswitch connect fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
FC input ports, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator meet the LAN port of slave computer, the VGA of the slave computer and VGA of display
Connection, the R232 ports 2 of slave computer connect the R232 ports of satellite communication module, and satellite communication module transfers data to low orbit
Satellite, low-orbit satellite forward the data to another satellite communication module in real time, the satellite communication module by receiving data by
The R232 ports of R232 port transmissions to host computer, host computer is to being exported to display by VGA port after Data Analysis Services.
The fiber-optic grating sensor signal Jing photoswitches 13 of three types are turned on one by one and are transmitted to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14,
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14 demodulates the centre wavelength of each fiber-optic grating sensor and transmits to slave computer 15, the conducting letter of photoswitch 13
Number cycle controlled by slave computer 15.Slave computer 15 is pre-processed to data, and the data after process are defeated by satellite communication
Module 16, satellite communication module 16 transfer data to low-orbit satellite 17, and low-orbit satellite 17 is forwarded the data in real time to be defended
Star communication module 18, satellite communication module 18 transmit receiving data to host computer, and host computer is entered to data by self-programmed software
Row analyzing and processing, is shown by display.
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, fiber grating displacement sensor and fiber grating water content sensor are and voluntarily grind
Sensor processed.Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor not only increases the sensitivity of sensor using the structure of double-layer pipe, and
Serve protective effect.Fiber grating displacement sensor adopts temp. compensation type, eliminates impact of the temperature to measurement result, carries
The high certainty of measurement of displacement transducer.Fiber grating water content sensor has corresponding using soil water suction and soil moisture content
The principle of relation is developed, and fiber grating water content sensor is made up of vitrified-clay pipe and vacuum box, and vitrified-clay pipe is sensing element,
After vitrified-clay pipe is put into soil, the water content of soil can cause the change of vacuum box pressure, and the change of vacuum box pressure can cause
The change of optic fiber grating wavelength, and then the water content of soil can be gone out according to the change calculations of optic fiber grating wavelength.
In addition to foregoing circuit part, the fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system, optical fiber
The construction method of grating water content sensor group and fiber grating displacement sensor group is：
The construction method of pipeline fiber grating displacement sensor group is as shown in Figure 4：Near pipeline b20, fix bar is installed
21, fix bar 21 is deep into permafrost certain depth, to ensure to be moved.Slide block 22 is installed in fix bar 21,
With 23 connected mode of thin expansion link to weld, thin expansion link 23 is stretched in thick expansion link 24 slide block 22, filling in thick expansion link 24
Butter, to ensure that thin expansion link 23 flexibly can be moved.Thick expansion link 24 is linked together by pipe clamp 25 with pipeline b20, is slightly stretched
Contracting bar 24 is welding with 25 connected mode of pipe clamp.So, when pipeline b20 is moved, displacement can be transferred to by pipe clamp 25
Displacement is passed to thin expansion link 23 by thick expansion link 24, thick expansion link 24, and displacement is passed to slide block 22, slide block by thin expansion link 23
22 are connected with fiber grating displacement sensor 26, and wherein fiber grating displacement sensor 26 is large displacement sensor, when mounted
Need to impose certain pretension.Fiber grating displacement sensor 26 is connected with data acquisition unit by cable junction box 27,
Realize the monitoring of body displacement.
The construction method of permafrost region fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group is as shown in Figure 5：In pipeline c28 up and down, divide
An Zhuan not fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group a 29, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group b 30, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group c
31st, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group d 32.Temperature sensor group 29 is made up of several fiber-optical grating temperature sensors 33, light
The quantity of fine grating temperature sensor 33 and interval can be arranged according to demand.Temperature sensor group 30 and temperature sensor group 32 it
Between connected by single armored optical cable 34.Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group a 29, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group b 30, light
Fine grating temperature sensor group c 31, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group d 32 pass through cable junction box 35 and data acquisition unit
Connection, realizes the monitoring of pipeline temperature.
The construction method of permafrost region fiber grating water content sensor group is as shown in Figure 6：Light is installed in the left side of pipeline d36
Fine grating water content sensor group 37, installs fiber grating water content sensor group 38 on the right side of pipeline d36, in pipeline d36
Downside fiber grating water content sensor group 39 is installed.Water content sensor group 37 is sensed by several fiber grating water content
Device 40 is constituted, and the quantity of fiber grating water content sensor 40 and interval can be arranged according to demand.38 He of water content sensor group
Connected by single armored optical cable 41 between water content sensor group 39.Fiber grating water content sensor group a 37, optical fiber light
Grid water content sensor group b 38, fiber grating water content sensor group c 39 pass through cable junction box 42 and data acquisition unit
Connection, realizes the monitoring of pipeline water content.
The advantage of this method shows：
(1) propose to permafrost region and its under the influence of the oil and gas pipes method that carries out combined monitoring, disclose under frozen soil effect
The feature that body stress characteristic and body are interacted with frozen soil；The safety of oil and gas pipes under the influence of frozen soil is carried out with multi objective
Early warning；
(2) fiber grating sensing technology is applied to into permafrost region Monitoring Pinpelines, the technology is anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, be easy to group
Net etc. is with the obvious advantage；The technology is easily achieved automatic real time on-line monitoring, and cost is relatively low；
(3) piping displacement monitoring, according to the feature of pipeline place permafrost region, installs fix bar in pipeline side, adopts and stretch
Pipeline is linked together by the connected mode of contracting bar with fix bar, and fiber grating displacement sensor is installed in fix bar, monitoring
The misalignment of pipeline；By excavating pipeline, this monitoring method is avoided distinguishes whether pipeline is subjected to displacement, be permafrost region oil
Feed channel is carried out the selection on protection works opportunity and provides effective foundation, reduces the blindness of protection works and has saved pipeline
Operating cost, while also ensure that the operation safety of pipeline, reduce construction risk when excavating checking；
(4) permafrost region temperature monitoring, monitors permafrost region temperature using fiber-optical grating temperature sensor, as fiber grating is passed
Sense technology has an advantage of wavelength-division multiplex, an optical fiber can be connected multiple fiber-optical grating temperature sensors, it is to avoid complicated to walk
Line, while also saving cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 adopts permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method principle flow chart
Fig. 2 permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method figures
Fig. 3 software flow patterns
Fig. 4 piping displacement monitoring device figures
Fig. 5 permafrost region device for detecting temperature figures
Fig. 6 permafrost region water content monitoring device figures
Fig. 7 permafrost region oil and gas pipes Fundamentals of Supervisory Systems block diagrams
Fig. 8 permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system electrical schematic diagrams
Wherein 1-permafrost region 2-pipeline a
3-fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 4-fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b
5-fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c 6-fiber grating water content sensor a
7-fiber grating water content sensor b 8-fiber grating water content sensor c
9-fiber grating water content sensor d 10-fiber grating displacement sensor a
11-fiber grating displacement sensor, 12-optical cables of b
13-photoswitch, 14-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
15-slave computer, 16-satellite communication module a
17-low-orbit satellite, 18-satellite communication module b
19-host computer, 20-pipeline b
21-fix bar, 22-slide block
23-thin expansion link, 24-thick expansion link
25-pipe clamp, 26-fiber grating displacement sensor c
27-cable junction box a 28-pipeline c
29-fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group a 30-fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group b
31-fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group c 32-fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group d
33-fiber-optical grating temperature sensor d 34-single armored optical cable a
35-cable junction box b 36-pipeline d
37-fiber grating water content sensor group a 38-fiber grating water content sensor group b
39-fiber grating water content sensor group c 40-fiber grating water content sensor e
41-single armored optical cable b 42-cable junction box c
Specific embodiment
Embodiment. this example is a kind of test method, and in the jelly that frost zone thickness 2m, frozen ground types are the full ice of rich ice
Tu Qu is tested, wherein buried depth of pipeline 2m, and pipe diameter is 813mm, wall thickness is 10mm, grade of steel X65.
The overall of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system is constituted as shown in Figure 2；Theory diagram is as shown in Figure 7.In permafrost region 1
2 surface of oil and gas pipes and its surrounding install fiber-optical grating temperature sensor 3,4,5 composition temperature sensor group, in Oil/Gas Pipe
2 surrounding of road installs the water content sensor group of 6,7,8,9 composition of fiber grating water content sensor, in 2 side of oil and gas pipes, peace
Then dress fiber grating displacement sensor 10,11, all the sensors series welding is guided in monitoring station by optical cable 12, optical cable
12 are connected with photoswitch 13, and photoswitch 13 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14 is connected with slave computer 15
Connect, 15 pretreated data of slave computer are transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17 by satellite communication module 16, and low-orbit satellite 17 connects
Satellite communication module 18 is forwarded the data to after receiving data, satellite communication module 18 is by the data transfer for receiving to host computer
19 are analyzed and process, so as to realize the safety monitoring to permafrost region oil and gas pipes.
This electric principle is as shown in figure 8, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group, fiber grating water content sensor group and light
The FC joints of fine grating displacement sensor group FC input ports 1 respectively with photoswitch, FC input ports 2, FC input ports 3 connect
Connect, the R232 ports of photoswitch connect the R232 ports 1 of slave computer, and the FC output ports of photoswitch meet the FC of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
Input port, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connect the LAN port of slave computer, and the VGA of slave computer is connected with the VGA of display
Connect, the R232 ports 2 of slave computer connect the R232 ports of satellite communication module, and satellite communication module transfers data to low orbit and defends
Star, low-orbit satellite forward the data to another satellite communication module in real time, and the satellite communication module is by receiving data by R232
The R232 ports of port transmission to host computer, host computer is to being exported to display by VGA port after Data Analysis Services.
The fiber-optic grating sensor signal Jing photoswitches 13 of three types are turned on one by one and are transmitted to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14,
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14 demodulates the centre wavelength of each fiber-optic grating sensor and transmits to slave computer 15, the conducting letter of photoswitch 13
Number cycle controlled by slave computer 15.Slave computer 15 is pre-processed to data, and the data after process are defeated by satellite communication
Module 16, satellite communication module 16 transfer data to low-orbit satellite 17, and low-orbit satellite 17 is forwarded the data in real time to be defended
Star communication module 18, satellite communication module 18 transmit receiving data to host computer, and host computer is entered to data by self-programmed software
Row analyzing and processing, is shown by display.
Wherein：
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor：From the temperature sensor of designed, designed encapsulation；
Fiber grating displacement sensor：From the displacement transducer of designed, designed encapsulation；
Fiber grating water content sensor：From the water content sensor of designed, designed encapsulation；
Optical cable：The day science and technology GYTA-12B1 from；
Photoswitch：From the grand scientific and technological SUM-FSW of light；
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator：From SM130；
Slave computer and program：From magnificent IPC-610 is ground, program is self-editing；
Telecommunication satellite module：The ST2500 of STELLAR companies；
Host computer and program：From magnificent IPC-610 is ground, program is self-editing.
Monitoring method flow chart is as shown in figure 1, monitoring method is as shown in Figure 2.On 2 surfaces of oil and gas pipes a of permafrost region 1
And its surrounding installs fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 3, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b 4, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c 5
The temperature sensor group of composition, installs fiber grating water content sensor a 6, fiber grating aqueous around oil and gas pipes a 2
Quantity sensor b 7, fiber grating water content sensor c 8, the water content sensor of the compositions of fiber grating water content sensor d 9
Group, in 2 side of oil and gas pipes, installs fiber grating displacement sensor a 10, fiber grating displacement sensor b 11, all sensings
Device series welding, is then guided in monitoring station by optical cable 12, and optical cable 12 is connected with photoswitch 13, photoswitch 13 and fiber grating
(FBG) demodulator 14 connects, and (FBG) demodulator 14 is connected with slave computer 15, and 15 pretreated data of slave computer pass through satellite communication module 16
Transmit to low-orbit satellite 17, low-orbit satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication module 18 after receiving data, satellite leads to
The data transfer for receiving is analyzed and is processed to host computer 19 by letter module 18, so as to realize to permafrost region oil and gas pipes
Safety monitoring.
The monitoring flow process of permafrost region oil and gas pipes：By fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 3, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b
4th, the temperature sensor group of the compositions of fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c 5, fiber grating water content sensor a 6, fiber grating contain
Water sensor b 7, fiber grating water content sensor c 8, the water content sensing of the compositions of fiber grating water content sensor d 9
Device group and fiber grating displacement sensor a 10, fiber grating displacement sensor b 11 temperature respectively to pipeline, moisture
And body displacement is monitored；The signal that this monitoring is obtained is gathered and is pre-processed by slave computer 15, and pretreated data Jing are remote
Pass and receive, to host computer 19, be analyzed and processed by host computer 19, judged the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, frozen
Native area's pipe temperature field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region body displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region pipeline moisture field Dynamic Announce；Permafrost region
Frozen swell and melt settlement hazard forecasting；The safe early warning of oil and gas pipes.
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a 3, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b 4, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c 5 are constituted
Temperature sensor group, fiber grating water content sensor a 6, fiber grating water content sensor b 7, fiber grating water content
The water content sensor group and fiber grating displacement sensor a of sensor c 8, fiber grating water content sensor d 9 composition
10th, the temperature respectively to pipeline of fiber grating displacement sensor b 11, moisture and body displacement is monitored；This monitors
To signal Jing optical cables 12 pass to photoswitch 13, the demodulation of demodulated instrument 14 reaches slave computer 15, and slave computer 15 calls self-editing journey
Sequence, control photoswitch 13 and (FBG) demodulator 14, realize the collection of data and data are pre-processed；Pretreated data pass through
Satellite communication module 16 is transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17, and low-orbit satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication after receiving data
The data transfer for receiving is analyzed and is processed to host computer 19 by module 18, satellite communication module 18, judges permafrost region pipe
The safe condition in road.
The process of data is mainly completed by software, and software flow (as shown in Figure 3) is:After beginning, slave computer data acquisition；
Photoswitch is turned on,；Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator gathered data；Slave computer data prediction；Satellite communication；Host computer judges that data are
It is no completeIf not, then slave computer data prediction is returned, if then processing and judging data whether beyond threshold valuesIf exceeding,
Then report to the police.
The optical wavelength data that fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator is mainly gathered by slave computer data prediction according to be converted into temperature,
Moisture and displacement data, host computer after receiving the data, are sorted data into first, draw out pipeline temperature and water content and
The tendency chart of its piping displacement, and most three Monitoring Data fusions at last, judge the safety of the stable state and pipeline of permafrost region
Situation.
In aforementioned manners when being monitored, temperature and moisture need long term monitoring, according to dividing to long term monitoring data
Analysis, total junction temperature and moisture variable condition and trend, judge for pipe and soil interaction comprehensive analysis and pipeline potential risk.Displacement
Monitoring then can reflect the safe condition of pipeline in real time, when there is frozen swell and melt settlement disaster in permafrost region, the pipeline being embedded in below the soil body
It is subjected to displacement by frozen soil effect, the displacement monitor that is displaced through of pipeline passes to fiber grating displacement sensor, displacement
The data of sensor Jing after slave computer process are transferred to host computer and show in real time, the program of host computer automatically by piping displacement amount with
Alarm threshold value is contrasted, beyond threshold value alarm.
Jing is monitored for a long time, and this example is easy to build monitoring system, it is easy to accomplish permafrost region and pipeline combined monitoring data
Real-time automatic collecting analysis and it is long-range issue, long-range automatic alarm in real time.Loaded down with trivial details artificial gathered data is avoided, is improve
The precision of early warning, reduces time of fire alarming, while can also be accurately positioned to warning place, this is adopted to pipeline emergency measure
Take most important.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method, it is characterized in that permafrost region (1) oil and gas pipes (2) surface and its around
Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a (3), fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b (4), fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c (5) compositions are installed
Temperature sensor group, fiber grating water content sensor a (6), fiber grating water content are installed around the oil and gas pipes (2) and are passed
The water content sensor that sensor b (7), fiber grating water content sensor c (8), fiber grating water content sensor d (9) are constituted
Group, in oil and gas pipes (2) side, installs fiber grating displacement sensor a (10), fiber grating displacement sensor b (11), owns
Sensor series welding, is then guided in monitoring station by optical cable (12), and optical cable (12) is connected with photoswitch (13), photoswitch
(13) it is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (14), fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (14) is connected with slave computer (15), slave computer (15) is pre-
Data after process are transmitted to low-orbit satellite (17) by the first satellite communication module (16), and low-orbit satellite (17) is received
Forward the data to the second satellite communication module (18) after data, the second satellite communication module (18) is by the data transfer for receiving
It is analyzed and processes to host computer (19)；
The monitoring flow process of permafrost region oil and gas pipes：Fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a (3), fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b (4), light
Temperature sensor group that fine grating temperature sensor c (5) constitutes, fiber grating water content sensor a (6), fiber grating are aqueous
The water content that quantity sensor b (7), fiber grating water content sensor c (8), fiber grating water content sensor d (9) are constituted is passed
The Fiber Bragg Grating Displacement Sensor that sensor group and fiber grating displacement sensor a (10), fiber grating displacement sensor b (11) are constituted
Device group temperature respectively to pipeline, moisture and body displacement are monitored；Signal Jing optical cables (12) that this monitoring is obtained is passed
To photoswitch (13), Jing fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulators (14) demodulation reaches slave computer (15), and slave computer (15) calls self-editing program,
Control photoswitch (13) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (14), realize the collection of data and data are pre-processed；After pretreatment
Data transmitted to low-orbit satellite (17), after low-orbit satellite (17) receives data by the first satellite communication module (16)
Forward the data to the second satellite communication module (18), the second satellite communication module (18) is by the data transfer for receiving to upper
Machine (19) is analyzed and processes, and judges the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, to permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement hazard forecasting, Oil/Gas Pipe
The safe early warning in road；
The process of data is mainly completed by software, and its flow process is：After beginning, slave computer data acquisition；Photoswitch is turned on；Optical fiber light
Grid (FBG) demodulator (14) gathered data；Slave computer data prediction；Satellite communication；Host computer judges whether data are completeIf it is not, then
Slave computer data prediction is returned, if so, then processes and judge data whether beyond threshold valuesIf exceeding, report to the police.
2. a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the piping displacement monitoring
Method is：Fiber grating displacement sensor a (10), fiber grating displacement sensor b (11) are monitored to body displacement；This prison
The signal for measuring by slave computer (15) gather and pre-process, pretreated data Jing teletransmission with receive, to host computer (19),
It is analyzed and is processed by host computer (19), judge the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, carries out permafrost region pipe temperature field dynamic
Display, permafrost region body displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region pipeline moisture field Dynamic Announce；It is pre- to permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement disaster
Report, the safe early warning of oil and gas pipes；
Judge whether pipeline is safe, only need to contrast the axis stress of pipeline and body yield stress, if beyond surrender
Stress, then reported to the police；Computing formula between the displacement y and conduit axis stress σ of pipeline is as follows：
When calculating, regard pipeline the beam of the semi-infinite half-space as, according to the STRESS VARIATION of ground beam theory qualitative analysis pipeline；
Piping displacement y curves are：
The computing formula of moment M：
Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2) to obtain：
IzFor beam section the moment of inertia, IzComputing formula be：
The then axis stress σ of pipeline section：
In formula：E is tubing elastic modelling quantity；R is internal diameter of the pipeline, and δ is pipeline wall thickness；
According to the displacement y that pipeline occurs, the axis stress σ of pipeline is calculated, σ is contrasted with pipeline yield stress, pipeline is judged
Safe condition.
3. a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the permafrost region temperature prison
Survey method is：By fiber-optical grating temperature sensor a (3), fiber-optical grating temperature sensor b (4), fiber-optical grating temperature sensor c
(5) the temperature sensor group for constituting is monitored to the temperature of pipeline；The signal that this monitoring is obtained is adopted by slave computer (15)
Collection and pre-process, pretreated data Jing teletransmission with receive, to host computer (19), be analyzed by host computer (19) and
Reason, judges the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, carries out permafrost region pipe temperature field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region body displacement dynamic aobvious
Show, permafrost region pipeline moisture field Dynamic Announce；Permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement hazard forecasting；The safe early warning of oil and gas pipes；
Frozen soil layer temperature is represented and is contrasted using the year-round average temperature of soil temperature year change layer bottom；First by each position
The temperature value of measurement is depicted as curve according to depth, and the depth and Temperature numerical a little, put each is sequentially taken on temperature curve
Substitute into formula (6), until equation two ends are equal till, it follows that temperature as mean annual cost tcp, the depth for drawing
Value is the year varying depth D of soil temperature plus frost zone layer depth；
In formula：tcpFor mean annual cost (DEG C)；Z is depth value (m) corresponding with soil temperature；K is soil layer temperature diffusivity
(cm2·s-1)；T is annual period (s)；
The mean annual cost t of different soil depth is calculated according to formula (6)cp, learn impact model of the pipeline to Temperature Field of Permafrost
Enclose, and then the thaw collapse situation that pipeline may occur under the influence of this is calculated by finite element method further.
4. a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the permafrost region water content
Monitoring method is：By fiber grating water content sensor a (6), fiber grating water content sensor b (7), fiber grating water content
The water content sensor group that sensor c (8), fiber grating water content sensor d (9) are constituted is supervised to the moisture of pipeline
Survey；This monitors the signal for obtaining by slave computer (15) collection and pretreatment, pretreated data Jing teletransmission and reception, extremely upper
Machine (19), is analyzed and is processed by host computer (19), judge the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, carry out permafrost region pipe temperature
Field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region body displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region pipeline moisture field Dynamic Announce；To permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement calamity
Evil forecast, the safe early warning of oil and gas pipes；
When frost heave disaster occurs, only when foundation soil water content could produce frost heave more than certain limit value；Generally by this boundary
Water content is referred to as initial frost heaving amount W0, the plastic limit water content of soil is WP, the natural aqueous value of soil of water content sensor measurement
For W, then, when W meets following formula, the soil body will occur strong frost heave；
WP+ 5 ＜ W≤WP+15 (7)
In formula：WPFor plastic limit of soil water content, can be obtained by testing；
The measured value W of water content sensor is substituted into into above formula, when the condition is satisfied, system will automatic alarm.
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