CN103383243B - A kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method and system - Google Patents
A kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method and system.Oil and gas pipes (2) side in permafrost region (1), multiple fiber grating displacement sensor a (10) is installed, fiber grating displacement sensor b (11), all the sensors series welding, then guide in monitoring station by optical cable (12), optical cable (12) is connected with photoswitch (13), photoswitch (13) is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (14), (FBG) demodulator (14) is connected with slave computer (15), slave computer (15) pretreated data are by satellite communication module (16) transmission to low-orbit satellite (17), low-orbit satellite (17) forwards the data to satellite communication module (18) after receiving data, the data received are transferred to host computer (19) and are analyzed and process by satellite communication module (18).Precision of the present invention is high, the high and low cost of stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method based on fiber grating sensing technology and system, relates to
And the measurement of measurement of length, temperature, other class do not include measuring, general control system and tubing technical field.
Background technology
Frozen soil is a kind of special great soil group, and temperature is subzero temperature or zero temperature, and the soil containing ice, referred to as frozen soil.By soil
The length of frozen state retention time, frozen soil can be divided into the most again frozen soil (a few hours are to first quarter moon), seasonal frozen ground in short-term, and (first quarter moon is extremely
Several months) and ever-frozen ground (more than 2 years).China's frozen soil is grown very much, and ever-frozen ground area is about 2,110,000 square kilometres, accounts for
The 23% of China's territory total area, accounts for the 3rd in the world, is mainly distributed on Qinghai-Tibet Platean, western high mountain and northeast large and small
Xing'an Mountains；Frost zone area is about 5,140,000 square kilometres, accounts for the 53.5% of territory total area.Wherein, middle degree of depth season
Frozen soil (＞ 1m) accounts for the 1/3 of area, is distributed mainly on three provinces in the northeast of China, the Inner Mongol, Gansu, Ningxia, In The North of Xinjiang, Qinghai
With Chuan Xi and other places.
Existing more than the 100 year history of developed country's oil pipeline construction, a lot of Frozen Ground Areas are contained huge petroleum resources,
Correspondingly oil and gas pipes engineering design and construction becomes the challenge that these area petroleum industries are up-to-date.Open from the sixties in 20th century
Beginning, large diameter pipeline starts leading northern North america and Permafrost Area, Siberia oil gas field transports market.During the Second World War, gram
Exert (Canol) pipeline and transport the crude oil Fairbanks city, Alaska State to the U.S. from Canada's Luo Man well
(Fairbanks)；Caliber in 1956 is that the oil pipe of 203mm is repaiied to Fei Bankesi city from this city of Alaska State glycolylurea (Haines)
Build up merit；In early days, former Soviet Union Permafrost Area has oil pipeline to 20 century 70s；1977, long 1280km, a diameter of
The crude oil of north slope low temperature Permafrost Area, U.S. Alaska State is transported to me by the oil pipeline of 1220mm continuously
This add south natural ice-free port Wa Erdisi (Va1dez), then oil tanker by crude oil transportation to California.In the eighties in 20th century
Phase, save our horse (Zama) lake, long 869km, bore northern from Canada's Luo Man well to Canada's Ahlport (Alberta)
The ambient temperature pipeline of 30.5cm is timely completed laying, and Luo Man well conduit is that Canada's Permafrost Area Article 1 is buried underground completely
Oil pipeline.These pipelines, during runing, are all even destroyed by the threat of permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement disaster.Wherein, Ke Nu
Youngster (Canol) pipeline after bringing into operation first 9 months, pipeline there are about 700x10 along the line4L crude oil leakage.On Mackenzie riverbank
One 12700m3Storage tank farm rupture, major part oil storage flows in river.After Japan surrenders in 1945, this pipeline soon by
Remove；Luo Man well conduit, along the line by way of discontinuous ever-frozen ground, meets frost heave and thaw collapse problem, by being up in constructing and running
The monitoring of 17 years, finds that pipeline ever-frozen ground along the line persistently melts and sedimentation causes thaw depth to reach 3-5m (gyittja) or 5-
7m (coarse granule mineral soil), and significantly surface subsidence.
The Article 1 long-distance oil & gas pipeline that China builds in Permafrost Area, i.e. Golmud-Lhasa oil pipeline (are called for short
Lattice bracing wire), lattice bracing wire was constructed by the Chinese People's Liberation Army in 1972, within 1977, substantially built up, up to 1076km, caliber
159mm, thickness of pipe wall 6mm, investment 2.3x108 is first.Lattice bracing wire engineering is built and safeguards the most difficult, completely river crossing 108,
At highway crossing 123, more than 900 kilometer of pipeline is at more than height above sea level 4000m (highest point height above sea level 5200m), and 560km is positioned at ever-frozen ground
District, freezing period, was up to 8 months.Lattice bracing wire since running for 1977, and it is existing that frost heave, thaw collapse problem have resulted in repeatedly " dew pipe "
As.
China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline is North gets boundary line, Sino-Russian Heilungkiang, Mo River initial station, southern to grand celebration terminal, total length more than 960 kilometer,
By way of counties and districts of 12, two city of province five, pass through 440 kilometers of virgin forests, 11 big-and-middle-sized rivers, 5 nature reserve areas.Pipeline
Height south, physical features north along the line is low, and northern hypsography is relatively big, is low mountain, Daxing'an Mountainrange, hills and river valley geomorgy along the line, and south is pine
Tender Plain, landform is smooth open；Mo River-Jagdaqi section about 460km is mountain area, forest zone, Permafrost Area, ever-frozen ground overall length
Spend about 314km, less ice, many ice ever-frozen ground 209km, full ice, rich ice ever-frozen ground 62km, frozen soil marsh 43km.Pipeline
It is faced with serious frozen swell and melt settlement disaster threat.
The frozen swell and melt settlement problem faced for pipeline, domestic and international unit of operation takes positive counter-measure.Luo Man well
After pipeline is gone into operation for 1985, the daily monitoring plan of pipeline is being implemented as the important component part of project operation always, except weekly
Outside Aircraft Air line walking once, also pipeline be mounted with along the line substantial amounts of instrumentation to record service data, and annual 9
Month, i.e. carry out during pipe sedimentation maximum an on-site land survey with complete pipeline on-site inspection along the line, the record of instrument data and
The work such as the site assessment in location, landslide.After 1989, it is annual interior that Luo Man well conduit uses in-pipeline detector to carry out
Detection, with assessment unstable soil body motion and the diversity thaw collapse influence degree to pipeline, along with the continuous accumulation of detection data
And expansion, the assessment for pipe technology performance provides good basis.Norman wells pipeline is that Article 1 is embedded in and adds
Put on airs the oil and gas pipes of northern Permafrost Area, Jia Na Enbridge company be responsible for and run, in various regulations regulations
Requirement under, established that plan is careful, the monitoring system of strong operability, including in the monitoring of frozen soil thaw collapse, pipeline
The content of seven aspects such as detection, warpage arch detection, wrinkle detection, slope test, the detection of wood flour layer status and temperature monitoring.
Gubbs criterion is also by regular line walking, the change of the installation monitoring frozen soil such as pressure, temperature sensor.
Although both at home and abroad pipeline unit of operation takes the frozen swell and melt settlement disaster of positive measure reply permafrost region, but by
Extremely complex in the formation mechenism of frozen swell and melt settlement disaster, and the frozen soil characteristic of different regions is different, the most also
There are no the monitoring technology of maturation, the impact on pipeline of the frozen swell and melt settlement disaster can be monitored.For above-mentioned situation, the present invention proposes
Permafrost region piping displacement monitoring method of based on fiber grating sensing technology.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to invent a kind of high accuracy, high stability, low cost based on fiber grating sensing technology
Permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method and system.
The present invention proposes a kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method based on fiber grating sensing technology.It is
Use fiber grating sensing technology, to frozen soil and under the influence of oil and gas pipes be monitored.Achieve the most automatic of data
Gather, remote transmission and automatically analyzing.
The permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method based on fiber grating sensing technology that the present invention proposes, is to use light
Fine grating displacement sensor real time on-line monitoring.
Permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method monitoring method principle flow chart based on fiber grating sensing technology such as Fig. 1 institute
Showing, monitoring method is as shown in Figure 2.In oil and gas pipes 2 side of permafrost region 1, install multiple fiber grating displacement sensor a 10,
Fiber grating displacement sensor b11, all the sensors series welding, then guide in monitoring station by optical cable 12, optical cable 12 with
Photoswitch 13 connects, and photoswitch 13 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, and (FBG) demodulator 14 is connected with slave computer 15, and slave computer 15 is pre-
Data after process are transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17 by satellite communication module 16, and low-orbit satellite 17 receives number after data
According to being forwarded to satellite communication module 18, the data received are transferred to host computer 19 and are analyzed and locate by satellite communication module 18
Reason, thus realize the safety monitoring to permafrost region oil and gas pipes.
The monitoring flow process of permafrost region oil and gas pipes: by multiple fiber grating displacement sensor a10, Fiber Bragg Grating Displacement Sensor
Body displacement is monitored by the fiber grating displacement sensor group of device b11 composition respectively；The signal that this monitoring obtains is by bottom
Machine 15 gathers and pretreatment, and pretreated data are through teletransmission and reception, to host computer 19, host computer 19 be analyzed and
Reason, it is judged that the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, carries out permafrost region body displacement Dynamic Announce；Permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement disaster is pre-
Report；The safe early warning of oil and gas pipes.
Body displacement is supervised by multiple fiber grating displacement sensor a10, fiber grating displacement sensor b11 respectively
Survey；The signal that this monitoring obtains passes to photoswitch 13 through optical cable 12, and the demodulation of demodulated instrument 14 reaches slave computer 15, and slave computer 15 is adjusted
By self-editing program, control photoswitch 13 and (FBG) demodulator 14, it is achieved the collection of data also carries out pretreatment to data；After pretreatment
Data transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17 by satellite communication module 16, data are forwarded after receiving data by low-orbit satellite 17
To satellite communication module 18, the data received are transferred to host computer 19 and are analyzed and process by satellite communication module 18, sentence
The safe condition of disconnected permafrost region pipeline.
The process of data is mainly completed by software, and software flow (as shown in Figure 3) is: after starting, slave computer data acquisition；
Photoswitch turns on,；Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator gathers data；Slave computer data prediction；Satellite communication；Host computer judges that data are
No completely？If it is not, then return slave computer data prediction, the most then process and judge that whether data are beyond threshold values？If exceeding,
Then report to the police.
Slave computer data prediction mainly by the optical wavelength data of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator collection according to be converted into temperature,
Moisture and displacement data, host computer after receiving the data, first sorts data into, draw out pipeline temperature and water content and
The trendgram of its piping displacement, and three Monitoring Data merge the most at last, it is judged that the steady statue of permafrost region and the safety of pipeline
Situation.
In piping displacement monitoring method, the structure of fiber grating displacement sensor used is as shown in Figure 4.Attached at pipeline b20
Closely, installing fixing bar 21, fixing bar 21 is deep into permafrost certain depth, to ensure to be moved.At fixing bar 21
Upper installation slide block 22, slide block 22 is with thin expansion link 23 connected mode for welding, and thin expansion link 23 stretches in thick expansion link 24, slightly stretches
Butter is filled, to ensure that thin expansion link 23 can move flexibly in contracting bar 24.Thick expansion link 24 is connected by pipe clamp 25 with pipeline b20
Together, thick expansion link 24 with pipe clamp 25 connected mode for welding.So, when pipeline b20 is moved, displacement can be by pipe
Card 25 is transferred to thick expansion link 24, and displacement is passed to thin expansion link 23 by thick expansion link 24, and displacement is passed to by thin expansion link 23
Slide block 22, slide block 22 is connected with fiber grating displacement sensor c26, and wherein fiber grating displacement sensor c26 is that big displacement passes
Sensor, needs to impose certain pretension when mounted.Fiber grating displacement sensor c26 passes through cable junction box 27 and data
Harvester connects, it is achieved the monitoring of body displacement.
Permafrost hazards causes pipeline to be subjected to displacement, and then cause the stress of pipeline to change, mainly axial stress
Change, therefore, it is judged that pipeline whether safety, only need to contrast the axis stress of pipeline with body yield stress, if surpassed
Go out yield stress, then report to the police.Computing formula between the displacement y and conduit axis stress σ of pipeline is as follows:
When calculating as, pipeline is regarded the beam of the semi-infinite half-space, become according to the stress of ground beam theory qualitative analysis pipeline
Change.
According to theory of mechanics of materials, piping displacement y curve is:
And the computing formula of moment M:
Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2) obtain:
IzFor beam section the moment of inertia, IzComputing formula be:
The then axis stress σ of pipeline section:
In formula: E is tubing elastic modelling quantity；R is internal diameter of the pipeline, and δ is pipeline wall thickness.
As it has been described above, the displacement y occurred according to pipeline, calculate the axis stress σ of pipeline, by σ and pipeline yield stress
Contrast, it is judged that the safe condition of pipeline.
This permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method system for use in carrying:
The permafrost region oil and gas pipes system for monitoring displacement designed according to the method described above is as shown in Figure 5.This system is divided into scene
Data acquisition transmission subsystem and data analysis display subsystem, specifically include fiber grating displacement sensor group, field monitoring
Stand, remote monitoring center.
The overall of permafrost region oil and gas pipes system for monitoring displacement is constituted as shown in Figure 2.Oil and gas pipes 2 one at permafrost region 1
Side, installs fiber grating displacement sensor a10, fiber grating displacement sensor b11, all the sensors series welding, then leads to
Crossing optical cable 12 and guide in monitoring station, optical cable 12 is connected with photoswitch 13, and photoswitch 13 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, optical fiber
Grating demodulation instrument 14 is connected with slave computer 15, and the pretreated data of slave computer 15 are by satellite communication module 16 transmission extremely low rail
Road satellite 17, low-orbit satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication module 18 after receiving data, satellite communication module 18 will
The data received are transferred to host computer 19 and are analyzed and process, thus realize the safety monitoring to permafrost region oil and gas pipes.
Fiber grating displacement sensor a10, fiber grating displacement sensor b11 respectively by body displacement signal through optical cable 12
Passing to photoswitch 13, reach slave computer 15 through fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14 demodulation, slave computer 15 calls self-editing program, controls light
Switch 13 and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, it is achieved the collection of data also carries out pretreatment to data；Pretreated data are passed through
Satellite communication module 16 transmits to low-orbit satellite 17, and low-orbit satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication after receiving data
Module 18, the data received are transferred to host computer 19 and are analyzed and process by satellite communication module 18, it is judged that permafrost region pipe
The safe condition in road.The process of data is mainly completed by software, and software flow is as shown in Figure 3.Slave computer data prediction is main
Being according to being converted into temperature, moisture and displacement data by the optical wavelength data of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator collection, host computer is receiving
After data, first sort data into, draw out the trendgram of pipeline temperature and water content and piping displacement thereof, and the most at last
Three Monitoring Data merge, it is judged that the steady statue of permafrost region and the safe condition of pipeline.
The theory diagram of permafrost region oil and gas pipes system for monitoring displacement is as it is shown in figure 5, it is divided into on-site data gathering to transmit
Subsystem and data analysis display subsystem.The composition of on-site data gathering transmission subsystem is: fiber grating displacement sensor
Output connect the input of photoswitch, the output of photoswitch connects the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator output connects
The input of slave computer, slave computer output connects satellite communication module.On-site data gathering transmission subsystem by low-orbit satellite with
Data analysis display subsystem links.The composition of data analysis display subsystem is: satellite communication module output connects host computer
Input, host computer output has permafrost region temperature field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region piping displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region moisture field dynamic
Display.
The electric principle of this system as shown in Figure 6, the FC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor group respectively with the FC of photoswitch
Input port 1, FC input port 2, FC input port 3 connect, and the R232 port of photoswitch connects the R232 port 1 of slave computer, light
The FC output port of switch connects the FC input port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, and the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects slave computer
LAN port, the VGA of slave computer is connected with the VGA of display, and the R232 port 2 of slave computer meets the R232 of satellite communication module
Port, satellite communication module transfers data to low-orbit satellite, and low-orbit satellite forwards the data to another satellite in real time and leads to
Letter module, this satellite communication module is by reception data by the R232 port of R232 port transmission to host computer, and host computer is to data
Exported to display by VGA port after analyzing and processing.
In piping displacement monitoring method, the structure of fiber grating displacement sensor used is as shown in Figure 4.Attached at pipeline b20
Closely, installing fixing bar 21, fixing bar 21 is deep into permafrost certain depth, to ensure to be moved.At fixing bar 21
Upper installation slide block 22, slide block 22 is with thin expansion link 23 connected mode for welding, and thin expansion link 23 stretches in thick expansion link 24, slightly stretches
Butter is filled, to ensure that thin expansion link 23 can move flexibly in contracting bar 24.Thick expansion link 24 is connected by pipe clamp 25 with pipeline b20
Together, thick expansion link 24 with pipe clamp 25 connected mode for welding.So, when pipeline b20 is moved, displacement can be by pipe
Card 25 is transferred to thick expansion link 24, and displacement is passed to thin expansion link 23 by thick expansion link 24, and displacement is passed to by thin expansion link 23
Slide block 22, slide block 22 is connected with fiber grating displacement sensor c26, and wherein fiber grating displacement sensor c26 is that big displacement passes
Sensor, needs to impose certain pretension when mounted.Fiber grating displacement sensor c26 passes through cable junction box 27 and data
Harvester connects, it is achieved the monitoring of body displacement.
Fiber grating displacement sensor uses temp. compensation type, eliminates the temperature impact on measurement result, improves position
The certainty of measurement of displacement sensor.
The advantage of this method shows:
(1) feature that frozen soil effect lower tube body stress characteristic and body interact is disclosed with frozen soil；Use multi objective
Carry out the safe early warning of oil and gas pipes under the influence of frozen soil；
(2) Fiber Bragg Grating Displacement Sensor technology being applied to permafrost region Monitoring Pinpelines, this technology is anti-interference, corrosion-resistant, easy
With the obvious advantage in networking etc.；This technology is easily achieved automatic real time on-line monitoring, and cost is relatively low；
(3) piping displacement monitoring, according to the feature of pipeline place permafrost region, installs fixing bar in pipeline side, and employing is stretched
Pipeline is linked together by the connected mode of contracting bar with fixing bar, installs fiber grating displacement sensor, monitoring on fixing bar
The misalignment of pipeline；By excavation pipeline, this monitoring method avoids distinguishes whether pipeline is subjected to displacement, for permafrost region oil
Feed channel is carried out the selection on protection works opportunitys and is provided effective foundation, decreases the blindness of protection works and has saved pipeline
Operating cost, also ensure that the operation safety of pipeline simultaneously, decrease construction risk during excavation checking.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 adopts permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method principle flow chart
Fig. 2 permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring method figure
Fig. 3 software flow pattern
Fig. 4 piping displacement monitoring device figure
Fig. 5 permafrost region oil and gas pipes system for monitoring displacement theory diagram
Fig. 6 permafrost region oil and gas pipes system for monitoring displacement electrical schematic diagram
Wherein 1-permafrost region 2-pipeline a
10-fiber grating displacement sensor a
11-fiber grating displacement sensor b 12-optical cable
13-photoswitch 14-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
15-slave computer 16-satellite communication module a
17-low-orbit satellite 18-satellite communication module b
19-host computer 20-pipeline b
21-fixes bar 22-slide block
The 23-thin expansion link thick expansion link of 24-
25-pipe clamp 26-fiber grating displacement sensor c
27-cable junction box a
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment. this example is a kind of test method, and is that rich ice is satisfied the freezing of ice at frost zone thickness 2m, frozen ground types
Tu Qu is tested, wherein buried depth of pipeline 2m, and pipe diameter is 813mm, wall thickness is 10mm, grade of steel X65.
The overall of permafrost region oil and gas pipes system for monitoring displacement is constituted as shown in Figure 2；Theory diagram is as shown in Figure 5.Freezing
Soil district 1 in oil and gas pipes 2 side, install fiber grating displacement sensor 10,11, all the sensors series welding, then lead to
Crossing optical cable 12 and guide in monitoring station, optical cable 12 is connected with photoswitch 13, and photoswitch 13 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, optical fiber
Grating demodulation instrument 14 is connected with slave computer 15, and the pretreated data of slave computer 15 are by satellite communication module 16 transmission extremely low rail
Road satellite 17, low-orbit satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication module 18 after receiving data, satellite communication module 18 will
The data received are transferred to host computer 19 and are analyzed and process, thus realize the safety monitoring to permafrost region oil and gas pipes.
The electric principle of this example as shown in Figure 6, fiber-optical grating temperature sensor group, fiber grating water content sensor group and light
The FC joint of fine grating displacement sensor group is respectively with the FC input port 1 of photoswitch, FC input port 2, FC input port 3 even
Connecing, the R232 port of photoswitch connects the R232 port 1 of slave computer, and the FC output port of photoswitch meets the FC of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
Input port, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the LAN port of slave computer, and the VGA of slave computer connects with the VGA of display
Connecing, the R232 port 2 of slave computer connects the R232 port of satellite communication module, and satellite communication module transfers data to low orbit and defends
Star, low-orbit satellite forwards the data to another satellite communication module in real time, and this satellite communication module will receive data by R232
Port transmission is exported to display by VGA port to the R232 port of host computer, host computer after Data Analysis Services.
Fiber grating displacement sensor signal turns on transmission to fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, optical fiber light one by one through photoswitch 13
Grid (FBG) demodulator 14 demodulates the centre wavelength of each fiber-optic grating sensor and transmits to slave computer 15, the week of photoswitch 13 Continuity signal
Phase is controlled by slave computer 15.Slave computer 15 carries out pretreatment to data, and the data after processing are defeated by satellite communication module 16,
Satellite communication module 16 transfers data to low-orbit satellite 17, and low-orbit satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication mould in real time
Block 18, satellite communication module 18 will receive data transmission and be analyzed locating to data by self-programmed software to host computer, host computer
Reason, is shown by display.
Wherein:
Fiber grating displacement sensor: select the displacement transducer of designed, designed encapsulation；
Optical cable: sky science and technology GYTA-12B1 in selection；
Photoswitch: select light grand science and technology SUM-FSW；
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator: select SM130；
Slave computer and program: selecting and grind China IPC-610, program is self-editing；
Telecommunication satellite module: the ST2500 of STELLAR company；
Host computer and program: selecting and grind China IPC-610, program is self-editing.
Monitoring method flow chart as it is shown in figure 1, monitoring method as shown in Figure 2.In oil and gas pipes 2 side of permafrost region 1, peace
Dress fiber grating displacement sensor a10, fiber grating displacement sensor b11, all the sensors series welding, then passes through optical cable
12 guide in monitoring station, and optical cable 12 is connected with photoswitch 13, and photoswitch 13 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 14, (FBG) demodulator 14 with
Slave computer 15 connects, and the pretreated data of slave computer 15 are transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17, low rail by satellite communication module 16
Road satellite 17 forwards the data to satellite communication module 18 after receiving data, the data received are passed by satellite communication module 18
It is passed to host computer 19 be analyzed and process, thus realizes the safety monitoring to permafrost region oil and gas pipes.
Permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring flow process: by fiber grating displacement sensor a10, fiber grating displacement sensor
Body displacement is monitored by b11 respectively；The signal that this monitoring obtains is gathered and pretreatment by slave computer 15, pretreated number
According to through teletransmission and reception, to host computer 19, host computer 19 it is analyzed and processes, it is judged that the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline,
Carry out permafrost region pipe temperature field Dynamic Announce, permafrost region body displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region Pipeline Water branch Dynamic Announce；
Permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement damage forecasting；The safe early warning of oil and gas pipes.
Fiber grating displacement sensor a10, fiber grating displacement sensor b11 temperature, moisture to pipeline respectively
And body displacement is monitored；The signal that this monitoring obtains passes to photoswitch 13 through optical cable 12, and the demodulation of demodulated instrument 14 reaches down
Position machine 15, slave computer 15 calls self-editing program, controls photoswitch 13 and (FBG) demodulator 14, it is achieved data are also entered by the collection of data
Row pretreatment；Pretreated data are transmitted to low-orbit satellite 17 by satellite communication module 16, and low-orbit satellite 17 receives
Forwarding the data to satellite communication module 18 after data, the data received are transferred to host computer 19 by satellite communication module 18
It is analyzed and processes, it is judged that the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline.
The process of data is mainly completed by software, and software flow (as shown in Figure 3) is: after starting, slave computer data acquisition；
Photoswitch turns on,；Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator gathers data；Slave computer data prediction；Satellite communication；Host computer judges that data are
No completely？If it is not, then return slave computer data prediction, the most then process and judge that whether data are beyond threshold values？If exceeding,
Then report to the police.
Slave computer data prediction mainly by the optical wavelength data of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator collection according to be converted into temperature,
Moisture and displacement data, host computer after receiving the data, first sorts data into, draw out pipeline temperature and water content and
The trendgram of its piping displacement, and three Monitoring Data merge the most at last, it is judged that the steady statue of permafrost region and the safety of pipeline
Situation.
In aforementioned manners when being monitored, displacement monitoring then can reflect the safe condition of pipeline in real time, when permafrost region is sent out
During raw frozen swell and melt settlement disaster, being embedded in the pipeline below the soil body and be subjected to displacement by frozen soil effect, the displacement that is displaced through of pipeline is supervised
Surveying device and pass to fiber grating displacement sensor, it is real-time that the data of displacement transducer are transferred to host computer after slave computer processes
Display, piping displacement amount is contrasted by the Automatic Program of host computer with alarm threshold value, beyond threshold value alarm.
Through monitoring for a long time, this example is prone to build monitoring system, it is easy to accomplish permafrost region and the reality of Monitoring Pinpelines data
Shi Zidong collection analysis and remotely issuing, the most in real time automatic alarm.Avoid and loaded down with trivial details manually gather data, improve early warning
Precision, decrease time of fire alarming, warning place can also be accurately positioned simultaneously, this pipeline emergency measure is taked to
Close important.
Claims (5)
1. a permafrost region oil and gas pipes displacement monitoring method, is characterized in that oil and gas pipes (2) side in permafrost region (1), peace
Fill multiple fiber grating displacement sensor a (10), fiber grating displacement sensor b (11), all the sensors series welding, then
Guiding in monitoring station by optical cable (12), optical cable (12) is connected with photoswitch (13), photoswitch (13) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
(14) connecting, (FBG) demodulator (14) is connected with slave computer (15), and slave computer (15) pretreated data pass through satellite communication module a
(16) transmission is to low-orbit satellite (17), and low-orbit satellite (17) forwards the data to satellite communication module b after receiving data
(18), the data received are transferred to host computer (19) and are analyzed and process by satellite communication module b (18)；
The monitoring flow process of permafrost region oil and gas pipes: multiple fiber grating displacement sensor a (10), fiber grating displacement sensor b
(11) body displacement is monitored by fiber grating displacement sensor group respectively that form；The signal that this monitoring obtains is through optical cable
(12) passing to photoswitch (13), demodulated instrument (14) demodulation reaches slave computer (15), and slave computer (15) calls self-editing program, control
Photoswitch processed (13) and (FBG) demodulator (14), it is achieved the collection of data also carries out pretreatment to data；Pretreated data are passed through
Satellite communication module a (16) transmits to low-orbit satellite (17), and low-orbit satellite (17) forwards the data to after receiving data
The data received are transferred to host computer (19) and are analyzed and locate by satellite communication module b (18), satellite communication module b (18)
Reason, it is judged that the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline, to permafrost region frozen swell and melt settlement damage forecasting, the safe early warning of oil and gas pipes；
The process of data is mainly completed by software, and its flow process is: after starting, slave computer data acquisition；Photoswitch turns on；Optical fiber light
Grid (FBG) demodulator gathers data；Slave computer data prediction；Satellite communication；Host computer judges that data are the most complete；If it is not, then return
Slave computer data prediction, the most then process and judge that whether data are beyond threshold values；If exceeding, then report to the police；
The safe condition of described judgement permafrost region pipeline, only need to contrast the axis stress of pipeline with body yield stress,
If beyond yield stress, then reported to the police；Computing formula between the displacement y and conduit axis stress σ of pipeline is as follows:
When calculating, pipeline is regarded the beam of the semi-infinite half-space as, according to the STRESS VARIATION of ground beam theory qualitative analysis pipeline；
Piping displacement y curve is:
The computing formula of moment M:
Formula (1) is substituted into formula (2) obtain:
IzFor beam section the moment of inertia, IzComputing formula be:
The then axis stress σ of pipeline section:
In formula: E is tubing elastic modelling quantity；R is internal diameter of the pipeline, and δ is pipeline wall thickness；
The displacement y occurred according to pipeline, calculates the axis stress σ of pipeline, is contrasted with pipeline yield stress by σ, it is judged that pipeline
Safe condition.
2. use a permafrost region oil and gas pipes system for monitoring displacement for method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that its overall structure
Become: in oil and gas pipes (2) side of permafrost region (1), fiber grating displacement sensor a (10), fiber grating displacement biography are installed
Sensor b (11), all the sensors series welding, then guide in monitoring station by optical cable (12), optical cable (12) and photoswitch
(13) connecting, photoswitch (13) is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (14), and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (14) is with slave computer (15) even
Connecing, slave computer (15) pretreated data are transmitted to low-orbit satellite (17) by satellite communication module a (16), and low orbit is defended
Star (17) forwards the data to satellite communication module b (18), the number that satellite communication module b (18) will receive after receiving data
It is analyzed according to being transferred to host computer (19) and processes, thus realizing the safety monitoring to permafrost region oil and gas pipes；
Fiber grating displacement sensor a (10), fiber grating displacement sensor b (11) respectively by body displacement signal through optical cable
(12) passing to photoswitch (13), reach slave computer (15) through fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (14) demodulation, slave computer (15) calls self-editing
Program, control photoswitch (13) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (14), it is achieved the collection of data also carries out pretreatment to data；In advance
Data after process are transmitted to low-orbit satellite (17) by satellite communication module a (16), and low-orbit satellite (17) receives number
Forward the data to satellite communication module b (18), satellite communication module b (18) after according to and the data received are transferred to host computer
(19) it is analyzed and processes, it is judged that the safe condition of permafrost region pipeline；Slave computer data prediction is mainly fiber grating
The optical wavelength data of (FBG) demodulator collection are according to being converted into displacement data, and host computer after receiving the data, first sorts data into, and paints
Make the trendgram of piping displacement, it is judged that the steady statue of permafrost region and the safe condition of pipeline；
The structure of described fiber grating displacement sensor is: near pipeline b (20), installs fixing bar (21), fixing bar (21)
It is deep into permafrost；Installing slide block (22) on fixing bar (21), slide block (22) and thin expansion link (23) connected mode are weldering
Connecing, thin expansion link (23) stretches in thick expansion link (24), fills butter in thick expansion link (24)；Thick expansion link (24) and pipeline b
(20) linked together by pipe clamp (25), thick expansion link (24) with pipe clamp (25) connected mode for welding；Slide block (22) and light
Fine grating displacement sensor c (26) connects, and wherein fiber grating displacement sensor c (26) is large displacement sensor, fiber grating
Displacement transducer c (26) is connected with data acquisition unit by cable junction box (27).
A kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system the most according to claim 2, is characterized in that permafrost region oil and gas pipes position
The theory diagram moving monitoring system is: it is divided into on-site data gathering transmission subsystem and data analysis display subsystem；On-the-spot
The composition of data acquisition transmission subsystem is: the output of fiber grating displacement sensor connects the input of photoswitch, photoswitch defeated
Going out to connect the input of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator output connects the input of slave computer, and slave computer output connects satellite and leads to
Letter module a, on-site data gathering transmission subsystem is linked with data analysis display subsystem by low-orbit satellite；Data analysis
The composition of display subsystem is: satellite communication module b output connects the input of host computer, and host computer output has permafrost region temperature field to move
State shows, permafrost region piping displacement Dynamic Announce, permafrost region moisture field Dynamic Announce.
A kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system the most according to claim 2, is characterized in that the circuit theory of this system
For: the FC joint of fiber grating displacement sensor group respectively with the FC input port 1 of photoswitch, FC input port 2, FC input
Mouth 3 connects, and the R232 port of photoswitch connects the R232 port 1 of slave computer, and the FC output port of photoswitch connects fiber grating demodulation
The FC input port of instrument, the LAN port of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator connects the LAN port of slave computer, the VGA of slave computer and display
VGA connects, and the R232 port 2 of slave computer connects the R232 port of satellite communication module a, and satellite communication module a transfers data to
Low-orbit satellite, low-orbit satellite forwards the data to another satellite communication module b, this satellite communication module b in real time and will receive
Data are by the R232 port of R232 port transmission to host computer, and host computer is to the most aobvious by VGA port output after Data Analysis Services
Show device.
A kind of permafrost region oil and gas pipes monitoring system the most according to claim 2, is characterized in that described fiber grating displacement
Sensor uses temp. compensation type.
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| CN108489376B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2021-01-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pipeline monitoring and early warning system based on distributed coaxial cable electric grid strain sensor |
| CN117366481B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-02-06 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Device and method for monitoring moving distance of buried heating oil pipeline in permafrost region |
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