CN103382841A - Overburden strata low dilution ore drawing quantitative control method - Google Patents
Overburden strata low dilution ore drawing quantitative control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103382841A CN103382841A CN2013103491477A CN201310349147A CN103382841A CN 103382841 A CN103382841 A CN 103382841A CN 2013103491477 A CN2013103491477 A CN 2013103491477A CN 201310349147 A CN201310349147 A CN 201310349147A CN 103382841 A CN103382841 A CN 103382841A
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- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012888 cubic function Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an overburden strata low dilution ore drawing quantitative control method which includes that the segmentation height H is determined according to ore body conditions and equipment capability; when ore drawing spheroids (1) are tangent pairwise, the distance between adjacent ore drawing openings (2) is the access distance L; the longitudinal half axis length of the ore drawing spheroids is recommended for the ore drawing step pitch; ore drawing control is performed by aid of the cubic function relation between the height x of a drawn body and the weight y of the drawn body; a physical stereoscopic model and a Power Factor Correction (PFC) 3d numerical model are constructed according to several groups of recommended stope structure parameter combinations, ore drawing simulations are performed respectively, and the optimum parameter combination is preferred. The stope structure parameters are determined on the basis of practically measuring the mine ore drawing spheroids, and the control method has strong pertinency and high reliability; demonstration and preference are performed in the mode of combining physical simulation and numerical simulation, accordingly the optimum parameter combination and the optimum ore drawing mode are determined, the whole technique of stope structure parameter preferring in a caving method and overburden strata low dilution ore drawing is obtained, and ore drawing scientificity and reliability are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ore drawing method of stope under a kind of covering layer, especially relate to the sublevel caving method without sill pillar covering layer and bend down the Dilution Drawing control method, can be widely used in the design of sublevel caving method without sill pillar stope ore drawing, be specially adapted to use the underground mine of sublevel caving method without sill pillar exploitation ore body.
Background technology
Have without the foundation caved stopes that stoping strength is large, efficient is high and low cost and other advantages, particularly be used widely in big-and-middle-sized underground mine at underground mine.The characteristics of caved stopes are to rely on avalanche country rock bashing, discharge ground and press and reach the purpose that press on management ground, and in mining process, broken ore directly contacts with barren rock (avalanche country rock), have formed ore drawing under the particularity-overlying strata of caved stopes.Obviously, ore drawing under overlying strata is controlled and badly will be caused serious ore losses and dilution problem, thereby worsens every technical-economic index of mining.
Exactly because the quality of ore drawing work has determined the techno-economic effect of Caving Method with Large Space to a great extent, ore drawing work becomes the most important and the most key work in each production process of caved stopes.Affect the most important factor of ore drawing work and comprise stope structure parameter and rational schedule of ore drawing.Stope structure parameter mainly comprises height of lift, drift interval and drawing pace etc., and schedule of ore drawing mainly comprises determining of ore removal way and determining of cutting off grade of ore drawing.
China's underground metal mine generally adopts sublevel caving method without sill pillar at present, iron ore particularly, iron ore with this method extraction accounts for more than 70% of overall recovery, and the ore drawing scheme dependence experience mostly in these mines is formulated, its stope structure parameter combination lacks scientific basis with ore removal way, can't make up best drift interval and drawing pace when adopting high sublevel, be difficult to determine optimum ore removal way and ore removal cut-off grade, cause overlying strata and the quick-fried ore that falls to mix in a large number, ore deposit rock contact surface utmost point irregularity and be difficult to PREDICTIVE CONTROL, directly caused the decline of every technical-economic index, the mining recovery average out to 75%～80% of the underground mine of present domestic employing sublevel caving method without sill pillar mining, the rate of dilution is 20%～25%.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the problem for the high rate of dilution that exists in present sublevel caving method without sill pillar ore drawing, the low rate of recovery, for the underground mine that adopts the sublevel caving method without sill pillar exploitation provides a kind of covering layer to bend down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, covering layer of the present invention bends down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin by the following technical solutions:
1) determining of height of lift H: described height of lift H determines according to ore body condition and capacity of equipment, adopts accurate cutting engineering quantity for reduction, under the prerequisite of analyzing the actual occurrence condition of specific mine ore body and capacity of equipment, selects higher height of lift H.
2) determining of drift interval L: for determining best drift interval value, need to explore the ore drawing spheroid developmental morphology in specific mine, make in proportion the ore drawing test model in the laboratory, test and draw out ore drawing spheroid development model, planar alignment ore drawing spheroid, when the ore drawing spheroid was tangent in twos, the spacing of adjacent drawhole was definite drift interval L.
3) determining of drawing pace b: the ore drawing spheroid that the test of analytical calculation ore drawing is drawn out is grown half shaft length of indulging of threedimensional model, tentatively determines vertical half axial length to be drawing pace b, and respectively gets several values as selection indicators in 20% scope up and down in its value.Generally respectively get up and down 2 values or 3 values are advisable.
4) determine ore removal way and ore removal cut-off grade: the low Dilution Drawing mode that adopts " on leave behind pick up ", during many segmentations exploitation on top several segmentations press cut-off grade 4.8%-5.2% ore removal, lower segment section is by traditional calculations gained cut-off grade concentrating mining, and wherein adopting 5% cut-off grade, lower segment section by upper segment section is excellent by set cut-off grade concentrating mining.The low Dilution Drawing of cut-off grade 4.8%-5.2% has guaranteed the regular of ore deposit rock contact surface, reduces dilution.
5) test can obtain Ore Flows height under set route mouth size and the cubic function equation of Ore Flows weight according to previous monomer ore drawing, utilize cubic function relation and curve thereof between following Ore Flows height x and Ore Flows weight y to carry out Controlled ore drawing, its cubic function closes and is
Converse this route mouth Ore Flows height x according to emitting the ore weight y during ore drawing in stope, carry out Controlled ore drawing, stop when accurately ore drawing is to top rock stratum level, also can judge whether barren rock is arranged in the ore removal process according to this reduction formula, grasp in real time distribution height and the arranging situation of ore deposit rock contact surface.
6) similar test simulation ore drawing: utilize the mode that the physics three-dimensional modelling combines with the PFC3d numerical simulation to carry out respectively Ore drawing simulation, by the rate of recovery, rate of dilution principle of optimality, determine ore removal way and ore removal cut-off grade under best stope structure parameter combination and this parameter, obtain overlying strata and bend down dilution Controlled ore drawing overall technical architecture.
Covering layer of the present invention has the following advantages after bending down the above technical scheme of Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin employing:
(1) ore drawing spheroid actual in the mine recommended stope structure parameter, and the theory and practice combination is with strong points, reliability is high.
(2) traditional ore removal way multi-source is in experience, and the present invention adopts 4.8%-5.2% cut-off grade to hang down Dilution Drawing at upper segment section, and the bottom is concentrating mining again, prevents that the large tracts of land dilution from appearring in ore ahead of time.
(3) the present invention discloses the cubic function relation of emitting under set stope structure parameter between height x and Ore Flows weight y first according to the monomer test, namely
Can effectively carry out Controlled ore drawing according to this principle, can accurately calculate the height that the ore drawing spheroid arrives according to putting yield, also can calculate the maximum ore amount that to emit under set cut-off grade according to the ore caving height gauge, can effectively reduce ore dilution, improve ore recovery ratio.
(4) the present invention's mode of utilizing physical analogy to combine with numerical simulation is proved preferably, thereby determine optimal parameter combination and ore drawing mode, obtain the Caving Method with Large Space stope structure parameter and preferably bent down the technological package of poor damage ore drawing with covering layer, improved science and the reliability of ore drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be covering layer of the present invention bend down that the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin obtains ore drawing spheroid plane on tangent arrangement in twos determine the schematic diagram of route width;
Fig. 2 is that covering layer of the present invention bends down the cubic function graph of a relation between monomer experiment ore drawing Ore Flows height x and Ore Flows weight y under the set stope structure parameter that the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin draws;
Fig. 3 is the physics ore drawing test model structure chart that covering layer of the present invention bends down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin;
Fig. 4 be in Fig. 3 I-I to sectional view;
Fig. 5 is a kind of Three-dimension Numerical Model simulation ore drawing schematic diagram that covering layer of the present invention bends down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin.
Reference numeral is: 1-ore drawing spheroid; 2-route mouth; 3-barren rock; 4-ore; 5-withdrawable iron sheet; 6-model abutment wall.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, covering layer of the present invention being bent down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin is described in further detail.
Utilize covering layer of the present invention bend down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin to elder brother's steel Dahongshan iron ore sublevel caving method without sill pillar 400m exploitation below horizontal carry out the ore drawing schematic design.According to the ore body condition and adopt the installing standby, tentatively drafting height of lift H is 30m.
On the ore drawing spheroid plane that bends down that the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin obtains by covering layer of the present invention shown in Figure 1, tangent arrangement in twos determines that the schematic diagram of route width finds out, when ore drawing spheroid 1 is tangent in twos in the plane, the spacing of adjacent drawhole 2 is definite drift interval L, be 24m through measuring drift interval L, the height of lift H of this moment is 30m.
Go out by the ore drawing experimental measurement vertical half shaft length that this ore deposit ore drawing spheroid is grown threedimensional model, respectively get several values as selection indicators in certain limit up and down in its value, recommend drawing pace b to be respectively 5.04m, 6.16m, 6.72m, 7.56m.
Two segment design adopt low dilution ore removal more than the 400m level, and the ore removal cut-off grade is that traditional cut-off grade ore removal way is adopted in 5%, 400m, three segmentations below horizontal.
Bent down by covering layer of the present invention shown in Figure 2 that under the set stope structure parameter that the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin draws, monomer experiment ore drawing Ore Flows height x finds out with the cubic function graph of a relation between the Ore Flows weight y, its cubic function pass is
, can converse this route mouth Ore Flows height x according to emitting the ore weight y during ore drawing in stope, carry out Controlled ore drawing.
The recommended parameter combination is respectively height of lift H * drift interval L * drawing pace b and is respectively
Four groups of 30 * 24 * 5.04m, 30 * 24 * 6.16m, 30 * 24 * 6.72m, 30 * 24 * 7.56m carry out the stereotest simulation by fixed ore removal way and cut-off grade.Shown in Figure 3 is the physics ore drawing test model structure chart that covering layer of the present invention bends down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin, and Fig. 4 is that in Fig. 3, I-I is to sectional view, and test obtains the rate of recovery, the rate of dilution under each parameter combinations.In Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the route mouth 2 of ore removal route is parallel, layering is arranged up and down, and barren rock 3 is positioned at covering layer top, and ore 4 is positioned at the covering layer bottom, and 5 is withdrawable iron sheet, ore loading height h=20+30+30+20+20=120cm.
Recycling PFC3d software is set up the three-dimensional numerical value Ore drawing model with stereotest model same size structure, by identical ore drawing program simulation ore drawing, obtains respectively the rate of recovery, the rate of dilution under each combination parameter.Fig. 5 is a kind of Three-dimension Numerical Model simulation ore drawing schematic diagram that covering layer of the present invention bends down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin, has shown the process of PFC3d numerical model simulation ore drawing.After ore drawing, barren rock 3 is positioned at top, and ore 4 is positioned at the bottom, and model abutment wall 6 is positioned at the side of model.
Comprehensive Comparison stereotest model and numerical model ore drawing return poor index, and result shows rate of recovery when drawing pace b is 6.72m, rate of dilution index the best.Thereby obtain overlying strata and bend down dilution Controlled ore drawing overall plan: namely best stope structure parameter is combined as 30 * 24 * 6.72m, to be that the 400m level is above adopt low Dilution Drawing ore removal cut-off grade to be that 5%, 400m is below horizontal to utilize that in accompanying drawing 2, functional equation and curve carry out Controlled ore drawing the ore drawing mode.
Claims (2)
1. a covering layer bends down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin, it is characterized in that it comprises with technical scheme:
1) determining of height of lift H: described height of lift H determines according to ore body condition and capacity of equipment;
2) determining of drift interval L: make in proportion the ore drawing test model in the laboratory, test and draw out ore drawing spheroid development model, planar alignment ore drawing spheroid (1), when ore drawing spheroid (1) was tangent in twos, the spacing of adjacent drawhole (2) was definite drift interval L;
3) determining of drawing pace b: the ore drawing spheroid that the test of analytical calculation ore drawing is drawn out is grown half shaft length of indulging of threedimensional model, tentatively determines vertical half axial length to be drawing pace b, and respectively gets several values as selection indicators in 5% scope up and down in its value;
4) determine ore removal way and ore removal cut-off grade: during many segmentations exploitation on top several segmentations press cut-off grade 4.8%-5.2% ore removal, lower segment section is pressed traditional calculations gained cut-off grade concentrating mining;
5) utilize cubic function relation and curve thereof between following Ore Flows height x and Ore Flows weight y to carry out Controlled ore drawing, its cubic function closes and is
6) similar test simulation ore drawing: utilize the mode that the physics three-dimensional modelling combines with the PFC3d numerical simulation to carry out respectively Ore drawing simulation, by the rate of recovery, rate of dilution principle of optimality, determine ore removal way and ore removal cut-off grade under best stope structure parameter combination and this parameter, obtain overlying strata and bend down dilution Controlled ore drawing overall technical architecture.
2. covering layer as claimed in claim 1 bends down the Dilution Drawing quantitative control methodin, it is characterized in that: upper segment section adopts 5% cut-off grade, and lower segment section is by set traditional cut-off grade concentrating mining.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106567711A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-04-19 | 云南迪庆有色金属有限责任公司 | Method and system for long-term ore discharging plan based on natural caving |
| CN110410078A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-05 | 武汉科技大学 | The low dilution recovery method in mine for sublevel caving method without sill pillar |
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| CN1470740A (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-01-28 | 宝钢集团上海梅山有限公司 | Big-interval bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method |
| CN1693662A (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2005-11-09 | 东北大学 | Improved sublevel caving method without bottom column |
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| CN102748029A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-24 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Sectional mining method |
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2013
- 2013-08-13 CN CN201310349147.7A patent/CN103382841B/en active Active
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| CN1470740A (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-01-28 | 宝钢集团上海梅山有限公司 | Big-interval bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method |
| CN1693662A (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2005-11-09 | 东北大学 | Improved sublevel caving method without bottom column |
| US20090255783A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2009-10-15 | Harry Martin | Arrangement for extracting extraction products in Underground extraction operations in caving |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106567711A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-04-19 | 云南迪庆有色金属有限责任公司 | Method and system for long-term ore discharging plan based on natural caving |
| CN106567711B (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2018-09-28 | 云南迪庆有色金属有限责任公司 | A kind of method and system based on the long-term drawing program of natural caving method |
| CN110410078A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-05 | 武汉科技大学 | The low dilution recovery method in mine for sublevel caving method without sill pillar |
| CN110410078B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2020-09-22 | 武汉科技大学 | Mine low dilution mining method for sill pillar-free sublevel caving method |
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