CN103372505A

CN103372505A - Micro-irrigation permeating tube and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN103372505A
Application number: CN2012101185222A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王建民; 史贞
Original assignee: SHENZHEN XINKANGWO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen easy driving technology Co.,Ltd.; Shenzhen Jin Ma Tian Network Technology Co.,Ltd.; Shi Zhen; Wang Jianmin
Priority date: 2012-04-23
Filing date: 2012-04-23
Publication date: 2013-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-23
Also published as: CN103372505B

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-irrigation permeating tube and a manufacturing method thereof. The micro-irrigation permeating tube comprises a capillary permeating tube (1) made of materials having a capillary permeating function is provided with hydrophilic inorganic fillers and a three-dimensional network capillary water seepage structure of thermoplastic plastics, and has unpowered, self-adaptive, continuous and balanced permeation functions, so that water can automatically permeates outward through a tubing or stops permeating outward according to water level of soil contacted with the capillary permeating tube. The capillary permeating tube further comprises a gel protective layer (4), high water retention tree powder is thrown into gaps of non-woven fabric and absorbs water to swell to form the gel protective layer. The tubing having good water permeating capacity can resist blockage, bacteria and prevent rats; by the adoption of the micro-irrigation permeating tube assisted by other irrigation components, an unpowered, self-adaptive, continuous and balanced permeating system which is applicable to the field of water-saving micro-irrigation is formed.

Description

A kind of infiltration micro irrigation pipe and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of water saving micro irrigation tubing, relate in particular to a kind of buried micro irrigation pipe with infiltration function.

Background technology

China's water resource only accounts for 6% of world's total amount, is that the water resource deficiency has become the bottleneck of serious restriction Chinese national economy sustainable development than cultivated land resource (account for world's total amount 9%) resource more in short supply.Agricultural is the maximum industry of China's water, accounts for more than 70% of total water amount, and wherein water quantity for irrigating agricultural field accounts for 90%～95% of Water Consumption in Agriculture.Yet China's shortage of water resources and water resource waste and the phenomenon of depositing are very serious.Because irrigation technique falls behind, cause that water resource waste is serious, utilization ratio is low, aggravated the present situation of shortage of water resources.One of important channel of alleviating the contradiction of supply and demand for the water resource is Development of Water-Saving Irrigation.Water-saving irrigation is the general name than the irrigation technique of the obvious using water wisely of traditional irrigation and efficient water.At present, in the water-saving irrigation area, adopt the very little of modern advanced water-saving irrigation technique, the overwhelming majority has just tentatively been carried out transformation on economy of water cousumption by substandard.Therefore, the water-saving irrigation area of China especially the efficient water-saving irrigation area all exist huge development space and potentiality.Water-saving irrigation technique mainly contains following several at present: (1) sprinkler irrigation technique, (2) drip irrigation technique, (3) infiltration irrigation technology.Infiltrating irrigation is continue sprinkling irrigation, after the drip irrigation, and a kind of novel micro irrigation technology that effectively descend is the irrigation method of economizing on water most of generally acknowledging at present, is the technical revolution of agricultural irrigation, is to make agricultural irrigation by the extensive another approach that moves towards Scientific Water Conservation.

Infiltrating irrigation, as its name suggests, namely irrigation water passes wall and slowly outwards is the sweating shape and oozes out, and immediately by the capillary action of the outside soil of wall, to soil body diffusion, supplies with the mode of a kind of continuous irrigation of moisture or liquid fertilizer to crop.But at present domestic all irrigation components are embedded in underground irrigation method, comprise that " underground drip irrigation " etc. all is considered as " infiltrating irrigation " [" infiltration irrigation technology existing problems and suggestion "-" irrigation and drainage " 97.16 (2) 4].According to this division, mainly contain following several types: 1. buried drip irrigation system, 2. foaming system, 3. rubber powder infill system, 4. string infill system.Above-mentioned technology exists all that blocking-proof result is poor, processing and forming technology is complicated, pore-forming efficiency is low, does not belong in essence the shortcoming that infiltration is irrigated.

It is the general designation that a class has the functional high molecule material of high water absorption character for agricultural high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal (Water Retaining Polymers agent) or title water-loss reducer (Water Retaining Agent).Super absorbent resin at first grinds institute by U.S.'s farming and develops successfully, also begins to develop research in Japan, France, Britain and Germany etc. afterwards.The application study of its agriculture aspect starts from 20 century 70s, has obtained surprising effect after nineteen ninety.Wherein Japan sprinkles the super absorbent resin that one deck contains fertilizer in the 20cm depths at sandy beach, and its consumption is 2: 100 with the weight ratio of sand, the sowing spinach, and its yield per unit area is more than 2 times of the earth spinach.Russia uses the polyacrylamide super absorbent resin, strangle at the volga lattice and to have carried out the large tracts of land test, per hectare ground uses 100kg, can economize on water 50% and make increasing crop yield 20% 1 70%[Zhang Ke etc.: the research of super absorbent resin in agricultural is used, Liaoning chemical industry, the 12nd phase of the 36th volume 1, in December, 2007].Domesticly also extensively launched application study.Through for many years practice, also formed some effective usings method, mainly contain: 1. seed pelleting (film, coating) technology, 2. dip in the root technology, 3. mix native technology etc.Tang Guang etc. find that Super Absorbent Resin consists of the suction network together with the soil of mixing mutually with it after the soil moisture of using Super Absorbent Resin distributes having studied, and moisture is absorbed and keeps.[Tang Guang, Li Hui, " crops saving water, resisting drought comparative experimental research " [J]. Beijing Agriculture science, 2000,18 (4): 25-29].Above-mentioned data shows that high water-retaining resin forms one " miniature reservoir " at the rhizosphere place, the moisture that keeps soil has been played obvious effect.

Prior art 1

Ground drip irrigation is a kind of water-saving irrigation technique of Israel's exploitation.For avoiding surface water evaporation to cause the irrigation water waste, mutation as the ground irrigation system, in practical operation, keep whole irrigation system structure constant, the suitable degree of depth in placing into the soil with whole hollow billet or with the hollow billet that drip head is installed on the hollow billet, stop the irrigation evaporation of water with the soil that covers the drip irrigation pipe upper strata, consist of underground drip irrigation system, person is also arranged, and this is infiltrating irrigation system.The shortcoming of prior art 1: owing to drip irrigation is for surface irrigation designs, do not need too much to consider blockage problem.But it is embedded in the soil, stops up the principal element that just becomes the restriction underground drip irrigation.The reason of produce stopping up mainly can be divided into four large classes: 1. physical clogging; 2. chemistry stops up; 3. microorganism clogging; 4. root system of plant stops up.For solving blockage problem, the method for patent ZL200820077586.1, patent ZL98233435.4 design attempts to come anti-clogging with pore, though certain effect is arranged, but still belong to limited pore, its blocking-proof result is relatively poor, and service life is shorter.

Prior art 2

Patent application 200810010002.3, patent application 200710012873.4 propose to make a kind of infiltrating irrigation pipe with " plastic microporous foaming hole creating technology "; Patent ZL98125656.2, ZL200610152776.0 adopt and reclaim rubber powder filling hole creating technology; Patent application 99111277.6 adopts plastics and plant fibre blending to prepare infiltrating irrigation pipe.The shortcoming of prior art 2: how above-mentioned technology is controlled to porosity, pore size, aperture even etc. all is a technical barrier.Foaming tube " tube wall contains a large amount of micropores, and have be permeable hole on a small quantity " is admitted in patent application 200710012873.4.Obviously this technology is extremely low by the efficient (percent opening) that foaming generates permeable hole.Permeable hole very little, and is not favourable concerning irrigating.Pulverizing the production particle diameter increases at the huge cost that brings of the recovery rubber fine powder power consumption below 10 microns.Patent ZL99111277.6 processing step is many, more complicated.Particularly attempt to use the high voltage direct current electrolytic sodium chloride, the chlorine that discharges is that the NaOH of toxic and harmful, generation is a kind of highly basic, and complex process is dangerous, and environmental protection treatment causes expense to increase severely.

Prior art 3

Its internal layer of the described multiple tube of patent ZL201020555061.1 is that tube wall is established foraminate plastic conduit, and skin is a kind of class cotton matter with alveolate texture.Patent ZL201020572907.2 is wrapped in the braided wires fabric outside the microporous pipe.Patent ZL200610048383.5 design be to be that 50～70% drip irrigation pipe puts an infiltrating irrigation pipe that is made of nonwoven at aperture opening ratio, for reducing the water flow mode of continuous piping in the inner tube, has constructed again the centre a kind of " the nexine carrying capacity is large, the unordered netted outer frame that outer carrying capacity is little ".Patent ZL 01139268.1 usefulness chemical-fibres filaments or yarn become knitting pipe by knitting machine weaving, then become coating material to be coated in the pipe surfaces externally and internally with the plastics hybrid process in the water-soluble inorganic powder, this multiple tube being immersed in the water repeatedly traction extruding 20 times, the water soluble salt stripping is formed permeable hole consist of Clogproof filtration irrigation composite tube buried ground.The shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art: the internal layer of prior art design is microporous pipe, outer or have " alveolate texture " class cotton matter tubulose plastic layer or braided wires fabric or construct the intermediate layer for " unordered netted outer frame " and adopt braiding, coating, dipping preparation osmos tube to be complicated process program, production efficiency is low, cost is high.

Patent application 200910071473.X and 200910072606.5, patent ZL200920100470.X have conceived double-deck " water cable ", its internal layer for " one group of pellicle tube wall, both carried moisture; discharge again the core pipe of moisture to soil by the tube wall infiltration ", outer wall then is to adopt " chemical fibre, glass fibre, rock wool fibers or stainless steel wire, nonwoven, chemical fiber cloth, burlap adopt ripe closing or back-up coat sheath that method of sewing is made ".The pellicle of this technology must directly contact just with soil may form the pellicle effect.Its " back-up coat sheath " may weaken contacting of pellicle and soil, destroyed this patent described " water cable-soil-plant has formed the dynamical system of a water translocation ", makes its permeability performance variation.

Prior art 4

Patent ZL200710071720.7 is with inert filler, plastics and " interleaving agent " that be made of " atoleine, silicone oil or lubricating oil ".It is first that inert filler and interleaving agent is even in required ratio adding stirrer for mixing that this composition is processed into the method for irrigating device, and then plastics are dropped into mixer stirs and use the comminutor extruding pelletization.Again this particle is dropped into process equipment and be prepared into tubing, film or container.In claims, " interleaving agent " is explained as follows: " described interleaving agent refers to have certain compatibility also can form on above-mentioned inert material surface the material of one deck liquid film with matrix; this interleaving agent is present in the centre of inert material phase and this two-phase of plastics in process thereafter; with the isolation two-phase; prevent that the inert material particle from directly contacting with plastic material ", when the beneficial effect that explain to use interleaving agent to obtain, say: " between matrix phase and the filler phase one deck release agent layer is arranged; after goods process, interleaving agent migrate to gradually matrix for example plastics mutually in.Thereby stay tiny space in that the plastics phase is alternate with filler " formed penetrating passage." water can be penetrated into opposite side from a side of wall lentamente by these passages, thereby makes the plastic products of making have the function of percolating water ".Yet according to the description of this patent, the interleaving agent of the one side of filler aggregate contact matrix can produce migration, forms the gap.But its problem is the surface that contacts with matrix between filler and the filler and still is enclosed with interleaving agent, even if in optimal situation, formed and a kind ofly can run through infiltrating irrigation container wall both sides, having consisted of a centre is the filler of piling up, pile up the ideal model that has formed passage that can be permeable between filler and the matrix, this passage that can only form between filler and matrix is limited, a large amount of gaps are isolated agent isolation blocking-up between filler, can not form the penetrating passage that runs through, even if the gap is not isolated the agent blocking-up, also can cause because of the lipophilic-hydrophobic property of interleaving agent water infiltration difficulty.As seen from the above analysis, this processing of this patent can not improve the voidage of penetration material, can not improve the permeability of water under the state of same space, and its water seepage function is relatively poor.

Nano particle, plastics and a kind of " surfactant " preparation a kind of " pellicle " are used in patent application 200910071769.1.Think that behind this modified materials blown film, available water extracts the part surface activating agent, " space that this part surface activating agent originally occupied becomes the pore-forming of through channel, and pore size is in the nanoscale scope " in film body.Yet above-mentioned patent application is attempted the surfactant water of being combined with filler is extracted, and this is difficult to realize.Scientific common sense as can be known, the typical structure model of surfactant is that an a kind of end is that the lipophilic group other end is the material that hydrophilic radical forms.When processing hydrophilic inorganic filler with it, a hydrophilic end inwardly is combined with filler, the other end of oleophylic is outside, make the original water-wetted surface of filler change oil-wetted surface into, cause the compatibility of filler and macromolecule matrix greatly to improve, the combination of the two-phase interface of filler and macromolecule matrix is more firm, becomes one and has good mechanical property organic whole.Extensively adopt this processing method in plastic processing modification field, to realize the strong bonded between filler and the macromolecule matrix, improve the bulk strength of material.But the field that occurs micropore permeation in hope, this firmly in conjunction with not being hoped, it is desirable that to be that the filler particles that disperses is dispersed in the macromolecule matrix two-phase interface compatibility very poor, without any combination, there are a large amount of gaps in two-phase interface, and the use of surfactant is disadvantageous to generating micropore.So, use surfactant that pore-forming efficiency is reduced, the infiltration effect of material is relatively poor.

The ratio that above-mentioned two patented technology fillers are filled is lower, the ratio of patent ZL200710071720.7 filler and plastic substrate is 5～30: 100, the ratio of patent application 200910071769.1 fillers and plastic substrate is 5～60: 100, owing to used interleaving agent and surfactant, changed the water-wet behavior of filling surface, so the infiltration effect of material is relatively poor, and process owing to need to carry out premixed to filler with interleaving agent or surfactant, also brought thus long technological process, investment is large, and the cost of raw material is high, production efficiency is low, the overall manufacturing cost is higher, and the production environment dust is larger, pollutes higher.Above-mentioned two technology are all without mentioning antibacterial and mouldproof and anti-rat.Therefore the ability of antibiont obstruction is relatively poor, also without keeping away the mouse effect.

In sum, nothing adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to prepare the technology of micro irrigation pipe in the prior art, do not adopt hydrogel permeation layer that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal makes as the technology of outside permeable layer yet, gained slight irrigation tubing carrying capacity and the control of water delivery time are outer machinery or artificial, it or not the demand that automatically adapts to plant, can not continue, balancedly seep water, without antibiotic, protection against rodents ability, resistance to blocking is poor, also have not environmental protection, complex process, production efficiency are low, the high in cost of production shortcoming.

Before introducing content of the present invention, at first define keyword used herein.

The flow of water of soil: soil water potential (soil water potential) is under the isothermal reversal condition, mobile unlimited a small amount of pure water certain point in the soil, pure water institute of unit work.Soil water potential generally is expressed as negative pressure.During water saturation, the absolute value of soil water potential is little in the soil, and when soil moisture content was hanged down, the absolute value of soil water potential was large.Therefore the size of soil water potential absolute value has reflected the difficulty or ease of soil water movement and plant suction.Under any circumstance, water movement trend all is to shift to flow of water lower from flow of water height.[" Chinese agriculture encyclopedia "]

Moisture in the soil can be described in two ways: water content and the flow of water.Water content refers to the weight of volume or the Unit Weight soil moisture of unit volume soil moisture, and water content can not get validity to plant by reflect soil moisture.Such as 15% water content, quite moistening in sandy soil, nearly all plant can grow.If clay is moisture 15%, nearly all plant all can't survive.On the contrary, if with the flow of water as measurement unit, measurement result is then irrelevant with soil property, no matter soil property, no matter the geographical position, the soil of-10 bar is all very arid, the soil of-0.5 bar is all very moistening.Can find out that only according to water content, you can't judge the degree of drought of soil for plant growth.The optimum moisture content that certain plant grows in soil A is 20%, changes a kind of soil B, and it is like this that situation just may not be certain.Therefore, in the time need to studying the relation of plant and environment, all use soil water potential.

Summary of the invention

(1): a kind of slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function and preparation method thereof

A kind of slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function and preparation method thereof, do not contain interleaving agent and surfactant in this material, the inorganic filler ratio of filling is higher, it is relatively poor to have overcome in the prior art infiltration effect of material, investment is large, the cost of raw material is high, technological process is long, production efficiency is low, the shortcoming that the overall manufacturing cost is high, this material has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix simultaneously, be uniform-distribution with the structure of being piled up the capillary infiltration network that consists of by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, this structure had both guaranteed processing and the serviceability of material, again can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can automatically outwards seep water by the capillary network of material internal or stop outside infiltration.This material also can have function antibiotic, that keep away mouse, can be widely used in the infiltrating irrigation element such as various infiltrating irrigation tubing, filtration irrigation membrane pipe, filtration irrigation membrane pipe (band), hollow container, film of buried slight irrigation domain requirement.

The invention provides a kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material, comprise following component:

Component A: thermoplastic, this thermoplastic comprise polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend take above-mentioned thermoplastic as the master/modification by copolymerization thing,

Wherein: described thermoplastic melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min;

B component: hydrophilic inorganic filler, described hydrophilic inorganic filler comprises the flyash that salt slurry that condensation polymer, condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, the chlorine industry of oxide, the silicate of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, silicon produce, red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or boiler that Aluminum produces produce, perhaps two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler, the particle diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is: 10 μ m-1.6 μ m;

The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited with parts by weight by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphorous acid esters thermal oxidation stabilizer at 1: 1;

The high fluidity polyethylene of auxiliary agent component D: melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min or polypropylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene;

The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are:

A：100，B：45-300，C：0.2-1.0，D：1-5；

Above-mentioned each component is taken at the mixing capillary percolation slight irrigation material that makes in the mixing roll according to weighing balance.This material has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water or stops outside infiltration by this capillary infiltration network.

Its component A is the polyethylene of melt mass flow rate≤0.1g/10min.

Its component A is the polypropylene of melt mass flow rate≤0.4g/10min.

The particle size range that it is characterized in that its B component is 6.5 μ m-1.6 μ m.

The particle size range that it is characterized in that its B component is 2.6 μ m-1.6 μ m.

The parts by weight that it is characterized in that its B component are 65-200.

The parts by weight that it is characterized in that its B component are 85-150.

It is characterized in that also can adding nano-particle material in its B component, its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

It is characterized in that its nano-particle material is nano-calcium carbonate.

The grain size that it is characterized in that nano-particle material is 60nm～100nm.

The grain size that it is characterized in that nano-particle material is 60nm～80nm.

The adding parts by weight that it is characterized in that its nano-particle material are≤6.

It is characterized in that its auxiliary agent component C is that four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol esters and tricresyl phosphite (2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester are composited.

It is characterized in that its auxiliary agent component D is high fluidity polyethylene or the polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=70g/10min.

It is characterized in that this material also contains adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

It is characterized in that this material also contains adjuvant component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

This material also contains adjuvant component G: carbon black or toner, its parts by weight are: 1-5.

A kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation method; adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating type single screw mixing comminutor; the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 〉=40: 1; the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree; screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are the screwing element of 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel than (Do/Di); be provided with exhaust outlet in the charge door downstream; described three grades hydrophilic of inorganic filler employings or the multistage material feeding process of level Four; the amount of filler that the first order adds is the 40%-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount; when containing nano-particle material; the first order should all add all nano-sized filler first; then according to 40%～20%; 30%～0%; 20%～0% ratio with remaining filler from the second level; the third level; the fourth stage adds step by step, and mixing granulator makes material.

A kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation method; adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating type single screw mixing comminutor; the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 48: 1; the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree; screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are the screwing element of 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel than (Do/Di); be provided with exhaust outlet in the charge door downstream; the level Four material feeding process is adopted in described hydrophilic inorganic filler; the amount of filler that the first order adds is the 40-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount; when containing nano-particle material; the first order should all add all nano-sized filler first; then according to 40%～20%; 30%～0%; 20%～0% ratio with remaining filler from the second level; the third level; the fourth stage adds step by step, and mixing granulator makes material.

A kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation method; adopt the masterbatch preparation method; use the twin-screw mixer comminutor; the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 48: 1; the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree; screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are the screwing element of 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel than (Do/Di); be provided with exhaust outlet in the charge door downstream; the level Four material feeding process is adopted in described hydrophilic inorganic filler; the amount of the hydrophilic inorganic filler that the first order adds is the 40%-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount; when containing nano-particle material; the first order should all add all nano-sized filler first; the second level; the third level; the fourth stage is reinforced; according to 40%～20%; 30%～0%; 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step; mixing granulator makes the material masterbatch and masterbatch and remaining thermoplastic is joined in the dual-screw pelletizer again, is processed into material.During the processing technology of masterbatch, first the resin and plastic of whole fillers and part is made masterbatch, then with masterbatch and remaining plastics again granulation make.

A kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation method adopts the continuous mixing comminutor, with the disposable adding of all materials, makes material requested.

Mother material can obtain better dispersion effect owing to through twice mixing process, for the less filler systems of particle diameter, particularly contain the system of nano particle.

Material preparation method of the present invention also can adopt continuous mixing (FCM) comminutor process route.The mixing cavity volume of continuous mixer is large than the twin-screw mixer comminutor, can disposablely hold the infill system that particle is thin, bulk density is less, volume is larger, so can with the disposable adding of all materials, make material requested.

Processing temperature generally between 110-290 ℃, depends primarily on type and the ratio of selected plastics kind and filler, and concrete temperature range will provide in an embodiment.

The hydrophilic inorganic filler surface of adding in the material of the present invention has numerous hydrophilic polar functional groups, so have the capillary percolation function, but because the existence of polar functional group, so that its wellability, compatibility with not hydrophilic thermoplastic is all very poor, very difficult quilt evenly is added in the plastics, so often need to add surface modifier at traditional field of plastics processing filler is carried out surface modification, make wellability, the compatibility of its change or increase and plastics, satisfy processing and the serviceability of material to obtain enough mechanical properties.But surface modification treatment has often been destroyed the hydrophily of inorganic filler, has sacrificed the capillary percolation performance of inorganic filler.The present invention is in order to keep the hydrophilic permeance property of inorganic filler, filler is not carried out surface modification treatment, for different materials, by techniques such as classification are reinforced, filler is filled in the plastics, be evenly distributed in the plastic substrate with a kind of reunion attitude that can allow, formed a kind of aggregate that is piled into by countless hydrophilic inorganic filler particles and be evenly distributed on structure in the continuous plasticity network that is consisted of by not hydrophilic thermoplastic.The body of piling up of hydrophilic inorganic filler particle connects into a continuous 3 D stereo capillary channel, provides material fabulous infiltrate characteristic, and the continuous 3 D stereo network that not hydrophilic thermoplastic forms provides processing and the mechanical and physical performance of material.

(2): a kind of infiltration micro irrigation pipe and manufacture method thereof

A kind ofly have unpowered, self adaptation, continue, the micro irrigation pipe of balanced infiltration function and preparation method thereof, its main feature has: the power of infiltrating irrigation tubing water outlet is not external pressure, gravity but capillary percolation and gel synaeresis do not need external impetus; The control of carrying capacity is not outer machinery or artificial, but automatically adapts to the demand of plant, and according to the height of outside soil water potential, Automatic-seepage water or stop infiltration having adaptation function; Good anti-clogging effect is so that tubing can keep continuing the infiltration effect; The capillary percolation function is so that irrigate uniform balance.Use this slight irrigation pipe racks and auxiliary irrigate essential element with other, can consist of a kind of " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration slight irrigation system ".Simple process of the present invention, cost is low, and it is low to have solved the not environmental protection that exists in the prior art, complex process, production efficiency, the high in cost of production problem.This infiltration micro irrigation pipe comprises the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function described in aforementioned (1).

A kind of infiltration micro irrigation pipe, this pipe is comprised of double-decker, and it is outer that internal layer (2) is the perforate screwed pipe that recess has strip or circular opening (3) in order to have the capillary percolation pipe (1) of capillary water seepage function,

Described capillary percolation pipe (1) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate of this thermoplastic (MFR)≤4g/10min (GB/T 3682-2000,190 ℃/2.16kg, lower same); Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that described capillary percolation pipe (1) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.

It is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend take above-mentioned thermoplastic as the master/modification by copolymerization thing; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, perhaps two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.

It is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

It is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

This capillary percolation micro irrigation pipe has the aggregate that is piled into by countless hydrophilic inorganic filler particles and is evenly distributed on the three-dimensional network capillary infiltration structure that is made of not hydrophilic thermoplastic.The body of piling up of hydrophilic inorganic filler particle connects into a continuous 3 D stereo capillary penetrating passage, provide micro irrigation pipe fabulous infiltrate characteristic, not hydrophilic thermoplastic consists of a continuous 3 D stereo plasticity network, has guaranteed processing and the mechanical and physical performance of micro irrigation pipe.That this micro irrigation pipe has is unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration function, can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, the capillary network structure by pipe wall material inside outwards seeps water or stops outside infiltration.

A kind of anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe, this pipe is comprised of double-decker, and skin is gel protective layer (4), and internal layer is the capillary percolation pipe (1) with capillary water seepage function,

Described gel protective layer (4) is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, and by volume, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-3% of nonwoven, and described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in the nonwoven space;

Described capillary percolation pipe (1) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; The auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate 〉=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000 Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5 is by being taken at mixing making in the mixing roll with above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure that consists of of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, so that described capillary percolation pipe (1) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil that contacts with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.The water that capillary percolation pipe (1) oozes out forms gel so that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal expands; in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network that is consisted of by nonwoven; the outer wall that gel protective layer (4) one side is close to capillary percolation pipe (1) makes gel and capillary channel form one, and one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging protective layer with infiltration function.

It is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in its outer gel protective layer (4) is selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.

It is characterized by by volume, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-1% of nonwoven.

It is characterized in that also being surrounded by gel protective layer (4) at the skin of its capillary percolation pipe (1).

A kind of preparation method of micro irrigation pipe, the method may further comprise the steps:

The slight irrigation material that preparation has the capillary percolation function: adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating type single screw mixing comminutor, adopt the multistage material feeding process of three grades or level Four, the draw ratio of used mixing granulator machine is 〉=40: 1, be provided with exhaust outlet in every grade of charge door downstream, the charge door place uses lead angle greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are than the screwing element that is 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel, at first with whole plastics, auxiliary agent and 40%～60% filler, expect a mouthful adding from the mixing granulator owner, when containing nano-particle material, the first order should all add all nano-particle materials first, and then in the second level, the third level, fourth stage charge door, according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step, and mixing granulator makes the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function;

Preparation capillary percolation pipe (1): with obtained slight irrigation material tube extruding machine extruding pipe material with capillary percolation function, then this tubing inflation, stretching and sizing are processed into the capillary percolation pipe (1) with capillary water seepage function, draw ratio is 1-7 times;

The perforate screwed pipe is imported in the capillary percolation pipe (1), form internal layer (2), under the temperature than low 5 ℃-20 ℃ of capillary percolation pipe melt initiation temperature degree, heat capillary percolation pipe (1), make its contraction, be tightly placed on the perforate screwed pipe, make.

Draw ratio when it is characterized in that processing capillary percolation pipe (1) is 2-4 times.

It is characterized in that the heating-up temperature of capillary percolation pipe (1) lower 5 ℃-10 ℃ than its melt initiation temperature degree.

A kind of preparation method of anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe may further comprise the steps:

The preparation of gel protective layer (4): first the loose type nonwoven is welded or be stitched into pipe, again the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is sprinkling upon on the nonwoven, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is fallen in the nonwoven hole, behind 10-30 minute Steam treatment, the imbibition of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, be fixed in firmly in the nonwoven hole, form gel protective layer (4);

At last gel protective layer (4) is enclosed within outside the capillary percolation pipe (1), obtaining can anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe.

Behind the pipeline water-filling; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the suction of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can be up to hundred times; but by the water-insoluble plastic network that nonwoven consists of be the height tension; so the gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function, form the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal that expands simultaneously also can be outwardly, forms the gel protective layer with the soil particle good contact.

Than other water saving micro irrigation tubing, the technical program has been brought following beneficial effect:

(1) simple process, performance of anti-blockage and other combination property are superior

Compare with existing hole creating technology (foaming pore-forming, waste old are pulverized and be filled to hole, wood powder or fiber-filled pore-forming, bundling capillary pipe, porous media etc.), the present invention adopts inorganic superfine powder body (for example calcium carbonate powder) to be dispersed in the plastics body, by the countless micropores of certain technique self-assembling formation.Used inorganic superfine powder body, very ripe such as the synthesis technique of precipitated calcium carbonate, nano-calcium carbonate etc., quite effective to the control of particle diameter and particle diameter distribution, product has been widely used in the fields such as papermaking, coating, modifying plastics.And the particle diameter of these inorganic superfine powder bodies and particle diameter distribution are the bases that determines bore size and distribution of sizes.The technology of the present invention is all than existing patented technology technique relative simple, use hole creating technology of the present invention, penetrating passage is automatically to generate, the efficient that generates the infiltration hole is higher, control to pore-size and distribution of sizes is more effective, countless continuous pores run through the surface of whole irrigation container, properties of product are more superior, so can form at soil the wetting body of continuous uniform, irrigate evenly, in the zone of having laid the prepared infiltrating irrigation container of the present invention, its uniformity of irrigation water appilcation generally can reach more than 95%, has improved irrigation efficiency, has increased output, cost is lower simultaneously, and the market competitiveness is higher.

Because penetrating passage of the present invention is to be made of countless continuous imperceptible pores, evenly through the surface of whole irrigation tubing, pore size is far smaller than the crumb structure of soil; It irrigates the speed of water seepage and demand and the equilibrium that water yield depends on plant fully, does not have bulk water, original of soil and capillary structure can not destroyed, and can not form thinner mud; Simultaneously since among the present invention oozing out of irrigation water do not need pressure, so do not exist because the mud back suction that pressure oscillation causes, so can not cause physical clogging; In addition, the present invention adopts a kind of composite structural design, has increased again a kind of block-resistant protection layer of new thought outside the capillary percolation layer.This protective layer is to have dosed high water-retaining resin in loose nonwoven skeleton, utilizes the characteristic of high water-retaining resin imbibition to form fine and close seamless gel protective layer, changes the compound infiltration that original simple capillary percolation is capillary percolation and gel.Gel layer is the hydrogel of a kind of " seamless ", can not stopped up by root system of plant so it neither can be stopped up also by soil particle; Because the gel layer protection is so that irrigation tubing of the present invention always keeps moisture state, so do not exist because the chemistry that dry fouling causes stops up; It is a kind of plane contact that simple capillary percolation element wall contacts with soil, and changes the contact of gel protective layer into, then is a kind of three-dimensional contact, has increased the contact area of irrigation component and soil.So anti-physical clogging of the present invention, the ability that anti-chemistry stops up and anti-root system of plant stops up are higher than any other scheme far away.In addition, the thermoplastic that the present invention uses is added with antiseptic, so the antibiont plugging performance is also very outstanding.The infiltration micro irrigation pipe of comprehensive above the present invention's preparation has outstanding comprehensive anti-blockage capability.Capillary percolation micro irrigation pipe of the present invention also can add anti-plague of rats agent as required, so the present invention possesses anti-plague of rats ability.

(2) reduce operation, reduced pollution, raise the efficiency, reduce cost, benefit is obvious

The present invention does not use any " interleaving agent ", " surfactant ", needn't carry out surface modification treatment to filler, need not increase water with the operation of part surface activating agent extracting yet, reduced operation, reduced pollution, reduce the cost of raw material and process costs, reduced labour intensity, improved work situation, improved production efficiency.In addition, have necessary mechanical strength for guaranteeing irrigation component, the filling proportion of the filler that the prior art scheme is used is lower.Patent ZL200710071720.7 filler and plastic substrate be 30: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 23.1%) the most at high proportion; Patent application 200910071769.1 fillers and plastic substrate be 60: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 37.5%) the most at high proportion.And the ratio of the filler that the technical program is added and plastics can be up to 300: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 75%), if market polyvinyl resin, ultra-fine filling material price are by 12000 yuan/tons, 2000 yuan/tons at present, the filler of increase by 37.5%～51.9% can reduce by 3750 yuan/tons～5190 yuan/tons of the costs of raw material.Even do not consider because the cost of raw material of not using interleaving agent or surfactant to bring reduces, do not consider owing to needn't increase the reduction of the production cost that brings of heating mixed processes, only increase by one of filler and can reduce the cost of raw material and reach 45.5%～53.6%.Economic benefit is fairly obvious.

(3) three-dimensional network capillary infiltration structure forms unique self adaptation Penetration Signature

This infiltration slight irrigation tubing has a kind of aggregate that is piled into by countless hydrophilic inorganic filler particles and is evenly distributed on structure in the continuous plasticity network that is made of not hydrophilic thermoplastic.Not hydrophilic thermoplastic consists of a continuous 3 D stereo plasticity network, and the mechanical and physical performance of infiltration micro irrigation pipe is provided.Piling up wherein in the plastic network of hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, form a continuous 3 D stereo capillary penetrating passage, provide the infiltration micro irrigation pipe fabulous Penetration Signature, the hydrogen bond that minor amount of water forms has been strengthened the combination between this inorganic particulate, makes it can not run off by oozing out of water.The infiltration micro irrigation pipe that will have this structure is embedded in underground; abundant and outstanding filling inorganic particle or contact with soil particle outside mixes on the infiltration slight irrigation tube wall; the capillary percolation system of complete; perhaps be closely linked with the gel protective layer; contact the compound osmotic system of the capillary/gel of complete with soil by gel layer.When the flow of water of soil was hanged down, the water in the tubing can ooze out outside pipe along these capillary channels automatically, perhaps enters soil, perhaps enters soil by the gel protective layer, realizes irrigating.Along with the carrying out of the process of irrigation, the water content of soil constantly increases, until " flow of water " of infiltration micro irrigation pipe inside is identical with " flow of water " of soil, irrigates and finishes.At this moment, water, both beinthebalancestates of the soil water in the infiltration micro irrigation pipe, infiltration micro irrigation pipe internal water is no longer to exosmosis.If in this equilibrium state, add plant, the root system epidermis of plant is made of a kind of pellicle, when the demand of plant growth so that " flow of water " of root system of plant inside during less than " flow of water " of soil, the soil water sees through the pellicle on root system surface to the root system of plant internal penetration, enter in the plant, so that " flow of water " in plant rising, until satisfy the demand of plant, plant no longer absorbs water, and the infiltration micro irrigation pipe also no longer outwards supplies (oozing) water.At this moment, beinthebalancestate between water, the soil water, plant three in the infiltration micro irrigation pipe, moisture in entering plant is under the effect of the osmotic pressure of root system of plant, cohesive force between the hydrone and plant capillary passage, moisture is very fast to rise along the plant trunk, under the plant transpiration pulling force, moisture arrives the position that all need the moisture growth in the plant simultaneously.Growth along with plant, the transpiration of moisture in the plant, " flow of water " of inside plants descends, " flow of water " balance in the plant, between the capillary soil water, infiltration micro irrigation pipe internal water three is destroyed, water in the soil again maceration enters in the plant, and the water in the infiltration micro irrigation pipe replenishes to soil again.So, go round and begin again, without stop.Owing to always be among a kind of dynamic equilibrium between moisture, capillary soil water, the infiltration micro irrigation pipe internal water three in the plant, consisted of a kind of really water saving " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration slight irrigation system ".

(4) stretching scheme has improved the infiltration effect

The present invention has adopted the stretching technique scheme.In order to observe the impact that stretches material is produced, use ESEM that the permeable membrane sample that does not stretch and stretch is observed.The photo of these ESEMs has shown the different-effect that stretches and do not stretch really.Fig. 4 is that do not stretch surface scan electromicroscopic photograph, Fig. 5 of sample is do not stretch surface and the profile scanning electromicroscopic photograph of sample, never stretch sample photo as seen, the sample interior that does not stretch has had the penetrating passage that is made of the calcium carbonate granule gap of piling up in a large number, but some does not get through these passages, this does not exist hole just can find out from the not stretching sample surfaces complete closed of Fig. 4, Fig. 5.Fig. 6 is that surface scan electromicroscopic photograph, Fig. 7 of stretching sample is surface and the profile scanning electromicroscopic photograph of stretching sample.From the photo of stretching sample as seen, the sample interior that stretches has the more abundant perforation of the penetrating passage that is made of the calcium carbonate granule gap of piling up in a large number, some particle has been squeezed out the surface, and this stretching sample surfaces from Fig. 6, Fig. 7 exists a large amount of holes just can find out.Stretching has not only aggravated the extent of exfoliation between filler and the macromolecule matrix, the most important thing is to stretch and cause matrix that filler has been produced strong squeezing action, displacement occurs to reset so that be wrapped in the different interval fillers of matrix during melt-processed in this extruding, this displacement has been transmitted weak part that extraneous pulling force makes filler break through the interval matrix of parcel and has been formed perforation between the filler, and the gap that connects between the hydrophilic filler is the key that consists of penetrating passage.This gap will be far longer than the gap that prior art forms owing to interleaving agent or surfactant migration, and this gap is made of hydrophilic granules fully, and its water permeability is far superior to the particle processed with interleaving agent (oil substances) or surfactant in the existing scheme.By scientific common sense as can be known, surfactant is a kind of end group by oleophylic and hydrophilic end group material, when processing hydrophilic inorganic filler with it, a hydrophilic end is combined with filler, the other end of oleophylic outwards consists of oil-wetted surface and is combined with macromolecule matrix, make filler and macromolecule matrix become an organic whole, just can have good mechanical property.Extensively adopt this processing method in plastic processing modification field, to realize the strong bonded between filler and the macromolecule matrix, improve the bulk strength of material.But the field of micropore permeation appears in hope, and this firmly in conjunction with not being hoped, so the use of surfactant is disadvantageous to generating micropore.In other words, use surfactant that pore-forming efficiency is reduced.

(5) water saving, energy-conservation, cost saving

Use Microirrigation belt of the present invention under the with no pressure condition, to move, so but under the low pressure condition, move often in practical matter owing to the water source always has certain potential energy, the operating pressure of douche generally only has 1～4 meter water column pressure, generally only depends on limit, field water head tank to provide.As long as in the water head tank water is arranged, just can realize long-term unpowered uninterrupted automatic irrigation, so energy consumption is few.Simultaneously because infiltration slight irrigation element is embedded in underground, both avoided as surface irrigation owing to cruelly leak the ageing failure that under sunshine, causes irrigation component for a long time, do not hinder again ground field management farming, the required labour that pours water is less, so both saved the expense of infiltrating irrigation element frequent, saved again the operating cost of regular maintenance.

Existing all buried irrigations all belong to pressure or gravity irrigation, that is to say, are not having in the situation of human intervention, and irrigation water will be regardless of plant demand whether, flow to always anhydrous till.But infiltrating irrigation of the present invention is the sub-irrigation mode of a kind of " adaptive mode ", in the process of pouring water not only upper soll layer keep dry, between strain and surface evaporation reduce, and unlikely generation surface runoff and deep percolation are so the infiltrating irrigation water is economized most.Infiltrating irrigation is generally than surface irrigation water-saving 50%～70%, than sprinkling irrigation water-saving 15%～20%, than drip irrigation economize 10%.Avoided simultaneously using computer and electromechanical meters to realize the required a large amount of expenses of automation control.

(6) be unfavorable for weed growth, reduced disease and pest, improved crop yield

The present invention is the sub-irrigation of a kind of " adaptive mode ", can be with fertilizer and medicament (if necessary) with water, be input near the crop root according to the demand of plant self, make crop root soil often keep suitable moisture and nutrient, not only economize on water but also save fertilizer and medicament.Because infiltrating irrigation power comes from capillary percolation, do not produce bulk water, so crumb structure that can spoiled soil and causing hardens, make soil always be in rarefaction, ventilation is good.Simultaneously, the present invention can make the humidity of soil surface and plant leaf surface reduce to minimum.According to surveying and determination, the infiltrating irrigation air humidity that irrigates through furrow reduces by 28.5% in the booth., thereby weeds are difficult for the procreation growth, and the generation of sick worm, mushroom etc. also greatly reduces, and also very favourable to preventing root rot etc., particularly booth work is all the more so.Crops are at this moisture, and in the superior environment of air and nutrient, can be luxuriant grow improved output.Compare with surface irrigation, the corn growth rate is 18.4%～36.1%; The wheat growth rate is 12.3%～38.3%; Grape, vegetables rate of growth can reach 21%～55%, and visible infiltrating irrigation effect of increasing production is very significant.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of critical external compressive resistance infiltration micro irrigation pipe;

Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of critical external compressive resistance, anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe;

Fig. 4 is the surface scan Electronic Speculum figure of sample of not stretching;

Fig. 5 is the do not stretch section of sample and surface scan Electronic Speculum figure (annotating: show piling up and the gap of inorganic particle in the circle);

Fig. 6 is the surface scan Electronic Speculum figure of stretching sample;

Fig. 7 is surface and the profile scanning Electronic Speculum figure of stretching sample;

Fig. 8 is the tester schematic diagram of test permeable membrane permeance property.

The specific embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.

Embodiment one

With chlorine industry by-product salt slurry (slurry), after removing the excessive moisture drying with plate and frame filter press, 10 microns (μ) salt slurry powder stuffings are sieved to get in grinding, using melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is that 4 LLDPE (LLDPE) resin is base-material, and the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin is 300: 100; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, addition be 0.3 mass fraction, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 mass fraction; Mean molecule quantity is 4000 the mobile polyethylene (PE wax) of height, and addition is 1 mass fraction; Contain carbon black 40% black masterbatch 35 mass parts.Divide three grades of interpolations with above-mentioned component by metering; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 40%, 40%, 20% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 44: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 170-200 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, dry, packing then.

Embodiment two

Use the calcium carbonate of 6.5 microns (μ m) to be filler, melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is that 0.3 low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE) resin is base-material, and the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin is 200: 100; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, addition be 0.3 mass fraction, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 mass fraction; Melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 30 the mobile polyethylene (PE) of height, and addition is 1 mass fraction.Dividing three grades with above-mentioned component by metering adds respectively in the dual-screw pelletizer; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 40%, 40%, 20% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 40: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 170-190 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, dry, packing then.

Embodiment three

Use 1.6 microns (μ m) calcium carbonate to be filler, melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is that 0.1 high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) resin is base-material, and the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin is 150: 100; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, addition be 0.3 mass fraction, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 mass fraction; Melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 70 the mobile polyethylene (PE) of height, and addition is 3 mass fractions.Respectively add in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four above-mentioned component; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 30%, 30%, 30%, 10% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 180-210 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, dry, packing then.

Embodiment four

Use 2.5 microns (μ m) calcium carbonate to be filler, melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is that 0.4 PP resin is base-material, and the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin is 100: 100; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, addition be 0.3 mass fraction, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 mass fraction; Melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 100 high flow polypropylene (PP), and addition is 2 mass fractions.Dividing three grades with above-mentioned component by metering adds respectively in the dual-screw pelletizer; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 40%, 40%, 20% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 44: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 180-210 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, dry, packing then.

Embodiment five

Nanometer calcium 10 mass fractions of use 60～80 nano-scale, calcium carbonate 35 mass fractions of 1.6 microns (μ m) and melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) are～0.1 high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) resin 100 mass fractions; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, addition be 0.3 mass fraction, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 mass fraction; Melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 70 the mobile polyethylene of height, and addition is 5 mass fractions.Respectively add in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four above-mentioned component; the first order adds all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding filler; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 170-190 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, dry, packing then.

Embodiment six

Calcium carbonate 50 mass fractions of use 60～100 nanometer calcium 15 mass fractions, 1.6 microns (μ m) and melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) are～4 polypropylene (PP) resin 100 mass fractions; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, addition be 0.3 mass fraction, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 mass fraction; Melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is that 100 high flow polypropylene (PP), addition are 3 mass fractions.Respectively add in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four above-mentioned component; the first order adds all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding filler; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 180-210 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, dry, packing then.

Embodiment seven

Using nanometer calcium 30 mass fractions of 60～150 nano-scale, 1.6 microns (μ m) calcium carbonate 420 mass fractions and melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is～4 polyethylene (LDPE) resin 100 mass fractions; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, addition be 0.3 mass fraction, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 mass fraction; Mean molecule quantity is that 4000 Tissuemat E, addition are 2 mass fractions.Respectively add in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four above-mentioned component; the first order adds all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding filler; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 30%, 30%, 20%, 20% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 170-190 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, make masterbatch.Be that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are in 36: 1 the dual-screw pelletizer by the melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) of the masterbatch of 550 mass parts and 200 mass parts for～0.1 high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) is metered into respectively screw diameter again; obtain material at 180-210 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, then dry, packing.

Embodiment eight

Be～0.4 high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) resin 100 mass fractions with nanometer calcium 10 mass fractions of 60～150 nano-scale, 1.6 microns (μ m) calcium carbonate 140 mass fractions and melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR); Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, addition be 0.3 mass fraction, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 mass fraction; Melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is that flow polyethylene, addition of 70 height is 2 mass fractions.Above-mentioned component is added respectively in the FCM comminutor by metering; using the birotor diameter is that extrude under 180-210 ℃ 100 (φ 100); it is 150 (φ 150) that the material piece of extruding falls into screw diameter; draw ratio (L/D) is in 7: 1 the single screw extrusion machine; obtain material at 180-220 ℃ of extruding pelletization, then dry, packing.

Embodiment nine

According to embodiment three, add again 3 parts of nano titanium oxides that contain silver ion and obtain anti-obstruction infiltrating irrigation material.

Embodiment ten

According to embodiment nine, add again 15 parts of microcapsules additives that contain cycloheximide and obtain anti-obstruction and keep away plague of rats infiltrating irrigation material.

Material in above-described embodiment 3 is obtained permeable membrane through blown film, test its mechanical property and infiltration speed, acquired results sees Table 1.The hot strength that adopts GB/T1040.3-2006 to measure, the table performance data is relevant with prescription and the preparation technology of material, does not represent this patent and can only obtain these performances.

The film sample performance table of table 1, material

Product	Hot strength (Mpa) vertically/laterally	Infiltration speed (l/m2-min)
			Embodiment one	8.24/2.36	0.13
Embodiment two	12.5/3.68	0.21
			Embodiment three	22.7/11.9	0.20
Embodiment four	30.2/18.4	0.19
			Embodiment five	25.3/15.9	0.15
Embodiment six	31.8/18.1	0.14
			Embodiment seven	23.6/9.9	0.17
Embodiment eight	27.8/13.2	0.18
			Embodiment nine	24.7/9.9	0.19
Embodiment ten	14.7/8.9	0.18

Embodiment 11

Use 1.6 microns (μ m) calcium carbonate to be filler, melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is that 0.1 high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) resin is base-material, and the ratio of weight and number of filler and resin is 150: 100; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, the 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] the Ji Wusi ester is pure, addition is 0.3 parts by weight, and phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 parts by weight; Melt mass flow rate (MFR) is the mobile polyethylene (PE) of the height of 70g/10min, and addition is 3 parts by weight.Respectively add in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four above-mentioned component; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade of ratio that adds filler is according to 30%, 30%, 30%, 10% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1 dual-screw pelletizer; at 180-210 ℃ of lower extruding pelletization, then dry, be packaged to be the infiltration slight irrigation material with three-dimensional network capillary infiltration structure.

This material is sent into tube extruding machine at 170-200 ℃ of lower extruding pipe material, then make the capillary percolation pipe 1 with capillary network structure through 2 times of inflations, 4 times of stretchings, sizings, then this capillary percolation pipe 1 is enclosed within on the punching screwed pipe 2, the recess of punching screwed pipe has strip or circular opening 3,117 ℃ of lower heating capillary percolation pipe 1 is shunk, be tightly placed on the punching screwed pipe 2, make have unpowered, self adaptation, continue, " the critical external compressive resistance infiltration micro irrigation pipe " of balanced infiltration function such as Fig. 1.

Embodiment 12

The cutaway view of the micro irrigation pipe that this embodiment is prepared as shown in Figure 2, the capillary percolation pipe 1 that makes with embodiment 1 is tiled in advance on the loose type nonwoven according to the girth ruling width of capillary percolation pipe 1, while wrapping up welding capillary percolation pipe 1 is wrapped in the nonwoven stringing, then this multiple tube is flattened with a pair of rubber roll, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is sprinkled upon outside the nonwoven stringing, the slight vibration nonwoven, the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is fallen in the nonwoven hole, be sprinkled into the amount of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal according to 1% of nonwoven volume ratio, the multiple tube that will include again the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal places water vapor atmosphere to process 30 minutes, makes the imbibition of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal.Because of the inflatable hundred times of volume after the suction of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal; so the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal particle after the suction by tightly " card " in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network that is consisted of by nonwoven; form gel protective layer 4; the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal of high level expansion also can expose outside nonwoven; form with internal layer capillary percolation pipe 1 and with the close contact of outside soil; consist of a gel protective layer 4 with some strength, make have unpowered, self adaptation, continue, " the anti-clogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe " of balanced infiltration function.

Embodiment 13

The cutaway view of the micro irrigation pipe that this embodiment is prepared as shown in Figure 2.The high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is sprinkled upon on the loose type nonwoven according to the girth of the capillary percolation pipe 1 that makes with embodiment 1 ruling width, the slight vibration nonwoven, make the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal evenly fall in the nonwoven hole and place water vapor atmosphere to process 15 minutes, make the imbibition of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal.Be sprinkled into the amount of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal according to 0.5% of nonwoven volume ratio.High-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal particle after the suction by tightly " card " in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network that is consisted of by nonwoven; this nonwoven that contains the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is sewed up formation gel protective layer 4; be enclosed within on the capillary percolation pipe 1 that embodiment 1 makes, make have unpowered, self adaptation, continue, " the anti-clogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe " of balanced infiltration function.

Embodiment 14

As shown in Figure 3.The micro irrigation pipe external diameter of making according to embodiment 11; be stitched into tubulose gel protective layer 4 with the nonwoven that contains the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal of processing processing; it is enclosed within outside the micro irrigation pipe that embodiment 11 makes, make have unpowered, self adaptation, continue, " critical external compressive resistance, the anti-clogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe " of balanced infiltration function.

Material among the embodiment 11 is obtained permeable membrane through blown film, test its mechanical property and infiltration speed, acquired results sees Table 2.The hot strength that adopts GB/T1040.3-2006 to measure, the table performance data is relevant with prescription and the preparation technology of material, does not represent this patent and can only obtain these performances.

Table 2, permeable membrane properties of sample table

The infiltration speed data adopts following method of testing to obtain:

The tester of test permeable membrane permeance property as shown in Figure 8.Use and the method for testing that to test the tester of permeable membrane permeance property in conjunction with diagram are described as follows:

Screwed powder chassis 5 is rotatably connected with powder gland 6 is in the same place, consist of the cavity that loads the soil with capillary percolation function.Before the soil of packing into, too tight with 6 rotations of powder chassis 5 and powder gland do not allow it have the space that moves up and down.After soil filled cavity, with on the powder gland along the surface face tissue wiped clean that contacts with permeable membrane to be measured, permeable membrane sample 9 in the covering.Permeable membrane sample 9 is should be in advance die-cut or be cut into the disk identical with powder gland 6 outer diameters.Again seal gasket 10 is pressed on the permeable membrane print, uses the film sample gland 11 with spiral to screw, the film sample tightly is fixed on the soil cavity, consist of testing cassete.Subsequently, constantly vibration test box gently constantly slowly screws powder chassis 5 with spanner by screwing groove 7, until tight comprehensive smooth contact of permeable membrane print and soil.Be provided with some grooves in film sample gland 11 outers, O-ring seal 8 is housed in the groove.Transparent graduated cylinder 12 with graduated glass material or plastic material is installed on the testing cassete.O-ring seal 8 plays effect fixing and sealing.During test water is poured in the graduated cylinder, because dry soil has the lower flow of water, the water of graduated cylinder sees through permeable membrane constantly to soil permeability, and the record liquid level records the permeability rate of permeable membrane sample over time.Also can before and after suction, weigh to testing cassete, record the permeability rate of permeable membrane sample.

V = \frac{W - W_{0}}{M}

Or

V = \frac{L_{0} - L}{M}

In the formula:

V is the permeability rate of unit are, and unit is g/m ²-min or l/m ²-min;

W or L are the milliliter number of weight or the rear graduated cylinder liquid level of suction of testing cassete after the unit interval suction;

W ₀Or L ₀Milliliter number for graduated cylinder liquid level before the weight of the front testing cassete that absorbs water or the suction;

M is the area that the test membrane sample contacts with water.

Because the size of the structure of the capillary percolation characteristic of soil and soil, character, soil particle and particle size distribution and initial water content are relevant, also relevant with the thickness of specimen film or sheet, think can parallel evaluation with the permeance property of the osmotic component of different formulations and different preparation method processing, guarantee the repeatability of test, except the thickness that should control specimen, when estimating the Penetration Signature of permeable membrane, should select same soil, should guarantee that simultaneously the particle size of soil particle distributes identical with particle diameter.Find under study for action, select precipitated calcium carbonate to have preferably Data duplication, recommendation is at commercially available 800 orders or the 1200 order precipitated calcium carbonates of 110 ℃ of lower oven dry after 2 hours.

Those skilled in the art can make replacement or modification to content of the present invention according to content disclosed by the invention and the art technology of grasping; but these replacements or modification should not be considered as breaking away from the present invention's design, and these replacements or modification are all in the claimed interest field of the present invention.

Claims

1. one kind is permeated micro irrigation pipe, and this pipe is comprised of double-decker, and outer internal layer (2) is the perforate screwed pipe that recess has strip or circular opening (3) in order to have the capillary percolation pipe (1) of capillary water seepage function,

2. micro irrigation pipe as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend take above-mentioned thermoplastic as the master/modification by copolymerization thing; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, perhaps two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.

3. micro irrigation pipe as described in claim 1 is characterized in that also can adding nano-particle material in its B component, and its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

4. micro irrigation pipe as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

5. micro irrigation pipe as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

6. anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe, this pipe is comprised of double-decker, and skin is gel protective layer (4), and internal layer is the capillary percolation pipe (1) with capillary water seepage function,

7. anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe as described in claim 6 is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in its outer gel protective layer (4) is selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.

8. anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe as described in claim 6 is characterized by by volume, and the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-1% of nonwoven.

9. anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe as described in claim 6 is characterized in that also can adding nano-particle material in its B component, and its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

10. anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe as described in claim 6, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on the compound take titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide as carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

11. anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe as described in claim 6, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away the mouse agent, described slaine that the mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away the mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

12. such as described micro irrigation pipe one of among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that also being surrounded by gel protective layer (4) at the skin of its capillary percolation pipe (1).

13. the preparation method of micro irrigation pipe described in claim 1-5, the method may further comprise the steps:

14. micro irrigation pipe preparation method as described in claim 13, the draw ratio when it is characterized in that processing capillary percolation pipe (1) be 2-4 doubly.

15. the micro irrigation pipe preparation method is characterized in that the heating-up temperature of capillary percolation pipe (1) lower 5 ℃-10 ℃ than its melt initiation temperature degree as described in claim 13.

16. the preparation method of anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe described in claim 6-11 may further comprise the steps: