CN103371351A - Chicken essence powder and production method thereof - Google Patents
Chicken essence powder and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103371351A CN103371351A CN2012101246372A CN201210124637A CN103371351A CN 103371351 A CN103371351 A CN 103371351A CN 2012101246372 A CN2012101246372 A CN 2012101246372A CN 201210124637 A CN201210124637 A CN 201210124637A CN 103371351 A CN103371351 A CN 103371351A
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Abstract
The invention provides a production method of chicken essence powder. The production method comprises the following steps: combining and utilizing basic proteolytic enzyme of bacillus licheniformis and neutral proteolytic enzyme of bacillus subtilis to carry out enzyme hydrolysis on treated chicken raw materials; carrying out steps of heating, filtering, centrifuging, concentrating and the like to obtain a purified chicken hydrolysis product; adding an excipient and uniformly agitating to form a chicken essence concentrated solution; and finally, spraying and drying under the condition that an inlet temperature is 100-150 DEG C and an outlet temperature is 75-85 DEG C to obtain the chicken essence powder which is high in nutrition absorption rate, low in cholesterol content, capable of improving the immunocompetence and high in solubility. Furthermore, the invention further provides the chicken essence powder prepared by the production method; the grain diameter is about 50-100 microns and the molecular weight of oligopeptides is lower than 2500Da.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is relevant for a kind of chickens' extract powder and production method thereof, espespecially a kind of chickens' extract powder and production method thereof with high-dissolvability and nutrient absorption efficient.
Background technology
Chickens' extract is a kind of common liquid nutritional product, be a kind of soup juice that is mainly formed by the chicken infusion through the Essence of concentrated gained, be usually used in antifatigue, hypotensive, hypoglycemic etc., become now very universal a kind of health-care nutritional food in the society.The production method of tradition chickens' extract often obtains in the mode of HTHP continuous extraction, not only can't effectively improve the extraction efficiency of chickens' extract, and the protein and the peptide molecular weight that obtain are excessive, reduce on the contrary organism to nutrient absorption rate and the health utilization rate of chickens' extract.
In addition, at present common chickens' extract all is to preserve or peddle with the pattern of liquid state on the market, when people go out maybe must carry a large amount of chickens' extracts when for subsequent use for a long time, will cause the inconvenience of carrying, and can't adjust according to different user demands again the concentration of chickens' extract liquid.
Though prior art can directly form pulverulence with liquid chickens' extract by freeze drying, yet, because the cholesterol level of raw material chicken is uncontrollable, cause final powder that the too high problem of cholesterol level still may be arranged, and wherein contained protein is excessive with the victory peptide molecular weight, and is unfavorable for absorption of human body.
Because the not convenient property in aforementioned several the uses, the present invention attempts to develop a kind of chickens' extract powder of preserving or peddling with the solid state powder pattern, promote simultaneously extraction efficiency and the nutrient absorption efficient of general chickens' extract, utilize suitable separation method to produce the chickens' extract powder of lower cholesterol content, take or carry the convenience of chickens' extract to promote people.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of chickens' extract powder and production method thereof, it can utilize the reaction that is hydrolyzed of plyability proteolytic enzyme, remove unnecessary impurity and grease through suitable separation method again, obtain thus high nutrient absorption rate, lower cholesterol content, can promote the chickens' extract powder of immunocompetence and high-dissolvability.
But above-mentioned chickens' extract powder provided by the invention is beneficial to and carries and brew easily again Self-adjustment concentration, and it can change traditional chickens' extract must be with storage in liquid or the present situation of peddling.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of production method of chickens' extract powder, comprising: (A), chicken is mixed with 1: 0.2 to 1: 1.5 weight ratio with water; (B), heating described chicken to 80 ℃ continues insulation 3 hours to 12 hours to 120 ℃, to form a chicken raw material; (C), under 30 ℃ to 60 ℃ and 400rpm to 500rpm, stir described chicken raw material, and add the basic protein hydrolase of bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) and the neutral proteolytic enzyme of hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis), reaction 3 hours to 12 hours continue to be hydrolyzed, then in 60 ℃ to 100 ℃ lower continuous heatings 20 minutes to 80 minutes, to end hydrolysis, obtain a hydrolysis of chicken meat product, wherein the volume with the chicken raw material is as the criterion, the addition of the basic protein hydrolase of bacillus licheniformis is 0.5% to 2%g/ml, and the addition of the neutral proteolytic enzyme of hay bacillus is 0.05% to 1%g/ml; (D), obtain a purified hydrolysis of chicken meat product by separation in the described hydrolysis of chicken meat product without impurity and the grease of proteolysis enzyme hydrolysis; (E), in described purified hydrolysis of chicken meat product, add excipient, and uniform stirring forms a chickens' extract concentrate; (F), take inlet temperature as 100 ℃ to 150 ℃ and outlet temperature as 75 ℃ to the 85 ℃ described chickens' extract concentrates of lower spray-drying, to make the chickens' extract powder.
In aforementioned production method, when the neutral proteolytic enzyme of the basic protein hydrolase of lichens bacillus (Bacillus licheniformis) and hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis) merges when using, formed plyability proteolytic enzyme has in the stronger hydrolysis chicken ability of peptide bond between protein, makes most protein be decomposed into micromolecular short-chain peptide.Wherein, described plyability proteolytic enzyme has stability under 30 ℃ to 60 ℃ temperature.
The present invention merge to use to comprise from the basic protein hydrolase of bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) and from the neutral proteolytic enzyme of hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis), so that the chicken raw material is hydrolyzed into micromolecular peptide.
After the pulverous chickens' extract powder that is made by aforementioned production method brewed via hot water, warm water or cold water, its outward appearance was to present the amber liquid of clarification, can not produce precipitation with muddy, showed that chickens' extract powder of the present invention has splendid solubility really.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, preferably, behind the hydrolysis of the basic protein hydrolase of the above-mentioned bacillus licheniformis of described hydrolysis of chicken meat product process and the neutral proteolytic enzyme of hay bacillus, can resolve into peptide and free amino acid than short chain, be commonly referred to as " oligopeptides ", its molecular weight is 200 to 2500Da, is made of 1 to 22 amino acid approximately.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in the step (B) of aforementioned production method, after the chicken heating, with chicken and water for cooling to 35 ℃ to 50 ℃, then be placed on and grind 5 to 10 minutes in the cutter, be beneficial to the chicken raw material of the hydrolysis that carries out subsequent step (C) with formation.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in the step (C) of aforementioned production method, can form the oligopeptides (oligo-peptdie) such as dipeptides (dipeptide), tripeptides (tripeptide) behind the hydrolysis of described chicken raw material process plyability proteolytic enzyme, it can improve organism to the utilization ratio of chickens' extract powder.More preferably, be 200 to 2500Da through the molecular weight of formed oligopeptides after the said hydrolyzed reaction.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in the step (D) of aforementioned production method, it comprises the impurity of removing the hydrolysis of chicken meat product with filtration method and/or centrifugal process, and comprise the grease that separates the hydrolysis of chicken meat product with water-oil separating method (as: difference in specific gravity point-score), make thus the chickens' extract powder.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in step (E), described excipient is maltodextrin.
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in step (F), after the described chickens' extract concentrate of spray-drying, further comprise the chickens' extract powder that makes lower cholesterol content with the thermopnore prilling-drying method, to improve the solubility of pulverous chickens' extract powder.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of chickens' extract powder, it is obtained by aforementioned production method, and after spray-drying or thermopnore granulating and drying step, the particle diameter of prepared chickens' extract powder is 50 to 100 microns, and will form multiple oligopeptides after the neutral proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis of described chicken raw material via the basic protein hydrolase of bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) and hay bacillus, more preferably, the molecular weight of these oligopeptides is 200 to 2500Da.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned chickens' extract powder for the manufacture of removing α, the purposes of the constituent of α-diphenyl-β-picryl diazanyl.
Accordingly, chickens' extract powder provided by the invention and production method thereof can possess following several advantages:
(1) the nutrient absorption rate of raising chickens' extract:
Utilization contains the plyability proteolysis enzyme hydrolysis macro-molecular protein of neutral proteolytic enzyme and basic protein hydrolase, and it is resolved into less than 22 amino acid whose oligopeptides, to promote organism to absorption efficiency and the bioavailability of chickens' extract powder;
(2) cholesterol level is extremely low:
See through suitable separating step, make the chickens' extract powder of lower cholesterol content;
(3) strengthen the ability of removing DPPH:
Along with the elongation of proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis time, can promote the chickens' extract powder and remove α, the ability of α-diphenyl-β-picryl diazanyl (α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) is to promote the immunity of organism;
(4) solubility of lifting chickens' extract powder:
After seeing through spray-drying or thermopnore granulating and drying step, can make the chickens' extract powder that particle diameter is lower than 100 microns, to promote the solubility of chickens' extract powder, develop into and namely rush instant convenience commodity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be in embodiment and the comparative example chicken raw material in the hydrolysis of proteolytic enzyme soluble protein concentration and the graph of a relation of hydrolysis time.
Fig. 2 is the peptide concentration of chicken raw material in the hydrolysis of proteolytic enzyme and the graph of a relation of hydrolysis time in embodiment and the comparative example.
Fig. 3 is the graph of molecular weight distribution of the hydrolysis of chicken meat product of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the test result figure that hydrolysis of chicken meat product, Vitamin C and the control group of embodiment removed the DPPH free radical.
The specific embodiment
Below, the embodiment of the production method of chickens' extract powder of the present invention will be described by specific embodiment, those skilled in the art can understand advantage and the effect that the present invention can reach easily by the content of this specification, and under not departing from spirit of the present invention, carry out various modifications and change, to implement or to use content of the present invention.
Preparation example 1: the basic protein hydrolase of preparation bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniforormis)
At first, the bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) that is stored in-80 ℃ is added in fresh pancreas peptone soybean broth (TSB) nutrient solution of 10ml, and place 37 ℃ to cultivate 8 hours, to activate described bacillus licheniformis.The nutrient solution that more above-mentioned 1% (g/ml) is contained bacillus licheniformis adds in the fresh TSB nutrient solution of 10ml, and cultivates 8 hours in 37 ℃, again to activate described bacillus licheniformis.
Then, get in the fresh TSB nutrient solution that the above-mentioned nutrient solution that contains bacillus licheniformis of 0.3ml is seeded to 30ml, and this Liquid Culture was shaken 8 hours in 37 ℃, inoculate a large amount of the cultivation 46 hours to the fermentation tank.
At last, via the basic protein hydrolase that can get pulverous bacillus licheniformis behind the spray-drying removal moisture.
Preparation example 2: the basic protein hydrolase of preparation hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis)
At first, the hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis) that is stored in-80 ℃ is added in the fresh TSB nutrient solution of 10ml, and place 37 ℃ to cultivate 24 hours, to activate described hay bacillus.The nutrient solution that more above-mentioned 1% (g/ml) is contained hay bacillus adds in the fresh TSB nutrient solution of 10ml, and cultivates 24 hours in 37 ℃.
Then, get in the fresh TSB nutrient solution that the above-mentioned nutrient solution that contains hay bacillus of 0.3ml is seeded to 30ml, and this Liquid Culture was shaken 12 hours in 37 ℃, inoculate a large amount of the cultivation 48 hours to the fermentation tank.
At last, described fluid nutrient medium removed moisture via spray-drying after, to make the basic protein hydrolase of pulverous hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis).
Embodiment: use the basic protein hydrolase of bacillus licheniformis and the prepared chickens' extract powder of neutral proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis chicken raw material of hay bacillus
At first, select and foretell the first-class freshly-slaughtered poultry of honeybee (Taiwan), crust and the large bone of chicken are removed, and the chicken of collecting is cut into block chicken.
Afterwards, above-mentioned block chicken inserted in 100 liters the biological reaction tank, mixed take the weight ratio of chicken and water as 1: 0.2 to 1: 1.5 ratio, and constant temperature 3 to 12 hours after being heated to 80 ℃ to 120 ℃.Afterwards, it is cooled to 35 ℃ to 50 ℃, continues to grind block chicken 5 to 10 minutes with cutter, to make a chicken raw material.
Then, with above-mentioned chicken raw material under 30 ℃ to 60 ℃ and 400 to 500rpm condition, the neutral proteolytic enzyme (being dissolved in the water) that adds the hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis) of the basic protein hydrolase (being dissolved in the water) of bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) of above-mentioned preparation example 1 prepared 0.5 to 2% (g/ml) and above-mentioned preparation example 2 prepared 0.05 to 1% (g/ml), and reaction 3 hours to 12 hours that continue to be hydrolyzed.Until hydrolysis fully after, 60 ℃ to the 100 ℃ continuous heatings 20 minutes to 80 minutes of heating up, the hydrolysis with the termination proteolytic enzyme obtains a hydrolysis of chicken meat product.
Afterwards, with the described hydrolysis of chicken meat product of screen filtration, remove thus the broken bone of unnecessary chicken and residue, and by continuous centrifugal machine by separating in the hydrolysis of chicken meat product and remove solid-state separate substance, as: without the macro-molecular protein of proteolysis enzyme hydrolysis etc.Again the aqueous water hydrolysis products of collecting is isolated the upper strata grease with the water-oil separating method, and with its removal, unnecessary impurity is filtered and removed to the recycling membrane aperture between 0.22 micron to 10 microns thickener, regather the chickens' extract liquid that leaches and place on the ice cube and preserve, to obtain a purified hydrolysis of chicken meat product.
Then, in the process hydrolysis of chicken meat product of above-mentioned purification step, add the excipient such as maltodextrin, starch, lactose or cornstarch etc., and its uniform stirring is formed a chickens' extract concentrate.Be that 100 ℃ to 150 ℃, outlet temperature are to carry out spray-drying under 75 ℃ to 85 ℃ the condition with described chickens' extract concentrate in inlet temperature again, can make particle diameter and be 50 microns to 100 microns chickens' extract powder.
Comparative example: the neutral proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis chicken raw material that uses hay bacillus
In comparative example, it is to pass through haply the described preparation method such as above-mentioned embodiment, obtains a chicken raw material.
Afterwards, with the chicken raw material that obtains with under 30 ℃ to 60 ℃ and 400 to 500rpm the condition, only add the neutral proteolytic enzyme (being dissolved in the water) of the hay bacillus (Bacillus subtilis) of 0.05 to 1% (g/ml), the neutral proteolytic enzyme of described hay bacillus is obtained by the method for above-mentioned preparation example 2.
Test case 1: the hydrolysis ability of more different proteolytic enzymes
As shown in Figure 1, the sample of embodiment is about 15.6mg/ml at the initial concentration without the soluble protein of proteolysis enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, behind 2 hours proteolysis enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, the concentration of soluble protein obviously increases, after through 10 hours hydrolysis, the concentration of soluble protein more is increased to about 56.2mg/ml in the hydrolysis of chicken meat product; Yet, the chicken raw material of comparative example after through 2 to 10 hours proteolysis enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, the highest 50.6mg/ml that only is about of the concentration of soluble protein.
As shown in Figure 2, the sample of embodiment is after through 10 hours proteolysis enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, and the peptide content of hydrolysis of chicken meat product also is increased to 36.1mg/ml by the about 3.82mg/ml of initial concentration; Yet the chicken raw material of comparative example is after through 4 to 10 hours proteolysis enzyme hydrolysis, and its peptide content only is about 31.5mg/ml.In addition, in the sample of embodiment, the about 200Da to 2500Da of molecular weight of the formed oligopeptides of hydrolysis of chicken meat product (about 1 to 22 amino acid), as shown in Figure 3.
Confirm via above-mentioned experimental result, the present invention merges and uses basic protein hydrolase and neutral proteolytic enzyme as the proteolytic enzyme that is hydrolyzed the chicken raw material, really can effectively cut off macro-molecular protein, obtain soluble protein and the peptide (molecular weight is lower than 2500Da) of higher concentration, improve thus organism to nutrient absorption rate and the health utilization rate of chickens' extract powder.
Test case 2: the chickens' extract powder is removed the ability of DPPH
In addition, the present invention also utilizes α, and α-diphenyl-β-picryl diazanyl (α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) test chickens' extract powder is removed the ability of free radical.
In this test case, it is that chickens' extract powder with 0.2g embodiment is dissolved in the 1ml water, adds the 0.1mMDPPH solution (being dissolved in the alcohol of 95vol%) of 1ml again, it is evenly mixed to be placed on room temperature (about 25 to 27 ℃) under reacted 30 minutes.
Then, test optical density (OD) the 517nm light absorption value of this mixed solution, the lower hydrogen supply capacity that represents antioxidant of numerical value is healed strong.Wherein, remove the percentage of DPPH effect with [1-(sample light absorption value/do not add the control group light absorption value of sample)] * 100% expression chickens' extract powder.In this test case, it is as positive control group (Positive control) (Shimada K with vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid), Fujikawa K, Yahara K, Nakamura T (1992) Ntioxidative properties of xanthan on the autoxidation of soybean oil in cyclodextrin emulsion.J Agric.Food Chem.40:945-948.), and with deactivated proteolytic enzyme organize in contrast.Wherein, this deactivated proteolytic enzyme is to use as the basic protein hydrolase of the bacillus licheniformis of embodiment and the neutral proteolytic enzyme of hay bacillus, in 100 ℃ of lower heated at constant temperature 30 minutes, it is lost activity.
As shown in Figure 4, the percentage of the Vitamin C of 100 μ g removing DPPH effect is about 93.27%; Use deactivated proteolysis enzyme hydrolysis chicken raw material (control group), its percentage of removing the DPPH effect is about 24%; And the chickens' extract powder of embodiment is along with the growth of proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis time, the percentage of removing the DPPH effect can be increased to 55% (using the activated proteolysis enzyme hydrolysis of tool 5 hours), after showing that chicken protein is through the proteolysis enzyme hydrolysis, can resolve into peptide and free amino acid than short chain, stronger removing DPPH ability can be provided, improve oxidation resistance and the immunologic function of organism.
Test case 3: the cholesterol level of chickens' extract powder
In this test case, the chickens' extract powder of embodiment is tested with AOAC (Association of Official Agricultural Chemists) 976.26 methods through Taiwan Foodstuff Industrial Development Inst. of Financial Group Legal Persons, do not detected certain cholesterol level.In detail, in above-mentioned AOAC 976.26 method of testings, in the chickens' extract powder of every 100g, cholesterol level is lower than the 5mg representative and does not detect certain cholesterol level.Experimental result shows through behind the above-mentioned separation method, can effectively remove the cholesterol in the chicken, makes the chickens' extract powder of lower cholesterol content.
Test case 4: the fat content of chickens' extract powder
In this test case, it is that chickens' extract powder with embodiment detects with gas chromatography through Taiwan Foodstuff Industrial Development Inst. of Financial Group Legal Persons, record the saturated fatty acids that contain 33.3 grams in per 100 fat that restrain, do not contain saturated fat and trans-fat levels in the chickens' extract powder but detect, and do not detect the content of crude fat (crude fat) according to its CNS 5036 § 2.3 methods yet.
Above-described embodiment only is to give an example for convenience of description, and the protection domain that the present invention advocates should be as the criterion so that claim is described, but not only limits to above-described embodiment.
Claims (11)
1. the production method of a chickens' extract powder comprises:
A, chicken is mixed with 1: 0.2 to 1: 1.5 weight ratio with water;
B, heating described chicken to 80 ℃ continue insulation 3 hours to 12 hours after 120 ℃, to form a chicken raw material;
C, under 30 ℃ to 60 ℃ and 400 to 500rpm, stir described chicken raw material, and add the basic protein hydrolase of bacillus licheniformis and the neutral proteolytic enzyme of hay bacillus, reaction 3 hours to 12 hours continue to be hydrolyzed, then in 60 ℃ to 100 ℃ lower continuous heatings 20 minutes to 80 minutes, to end hydrolysis, obtain a hydrolysis of chicken meat product, wherein the volume with the chicken raw material is as the criterion, the addition of the basic protein hydrolase of bacillus licheniformis is 0.5% to 2%g/ml, and the addition of the neutral proteolytic enzyme of hay bacillus is 0.05% to 1%g/ml;
D, by the impurity and the grease that separate in the described hydrolysis of chicken meat product without the proteolysis enzyme hydrolysis, obtain a purified hydrolysis of chicken meat product;
E, in described purified hydrolysis of chicken meat product, add excipient, and uniform stirring forms a chickens' extract concentrate;
F, take inlet temperature as 100 ℃ to 150 ℃ and outlet temperature under 75 ℃ to 85 ℃ the condition the described chickens' extract concentrate of spray-drying, to make the chickens' extract powder of lower cholesterol content.
2. production method as claimed in claim 1 wherein, in step B, after the chicken heating, ℃ to 50 ℃, then is placed on chicken and water for cooling to 35 and grinds 5 minutes to 10 minutes in the cutter, to form this chicken raw material.
3. production method as claimed in claim 1 wherein, in step C, is 200Da to 2500Da through the molecular weight of the hydrolysis of chicken meat product of hydrolysis.
4. production method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in step D, it comprises the impurity of removing the hydrolysis of chicken meat product with filtration method and/or centrifugal process.
5. production method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in step D, it comprises the grease that separates the hydrolysis of chicken meat product with the water-oil separating method.
6. production method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in step e, described excipient is maltodextrin, starch, lactose or cornstarch.
7. production method as claimed in claim 1 wherein, in step F, after the described chickens' extract concentrate of spray-drying, further comprises the chickens' extract powder that makes lower cholesterol content with the thermopnore prilling-drying method.
8. such as each described production method of claim 1-7, the chickens' extract powder of described lower cholesterol content has to strengthen removes α, the effect of α-diphenyl-β-picryl diazanyl ability.
9. chickens' extract powder, it is prepared by each described production method of claim 1-8, and the particle diameter of described chickens' extract powder is 50 to 100 microns.
10. chickens' extract powder as claimed in claim 9, it is that proteolytic enzyme via bacillus licheniformis and hay bacillus is hydrolyzed into oligopeptides, the molecular weight of these oligopeptides is 200Da to 2500Da.
11. one kind such as claim 9 or 10 described chickens' extract powder for the manufacture of removing α, the purposes of the constituent of α-diphenyl-β-picryl diazanyl.
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| CN106262662A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-04 | 元进庄企业股份有限公司 | The preparation method of pure chicken essence powder |
| CN108925861A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-04 | 史家怡 | A kind of production method for dripping chickens' extract |
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| CN106262662A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-04 | 元进庄企业股份有限公司 | The preparation method of pure chicken essence powder |
| CN108925861A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-04 | 史家怡 | A kind of production method for dripping chickens' extract |
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Application publication date: 20131030 |