CN103363418B - The microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination - Google Patents

The microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103363418B
CN103363418B CN201310330109.7A CN201310330109A CN103363418B CN 103363418 B CN103363418 B CN 103363418B CN 201310330109 A CN201310330109 A CN 201310330109A CN 103363418 B CN103363418 B CN 103363418B
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light
led
area
illumination
micro
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CN103363418A (en
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王洪
陈赞吉
葛鹏
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/088721 priority patent/WO2015014062A1/en
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Abstract

The microlens array type headlamp of the open LED automobile illumination of the present invention, comprise LED chip, aluminium base and radiator, it also comprises collimater and free curved surface micro-lens array, LED chip is welded on aluminium base, aluminium base, collimater and free curved surface micro-lens array are installed on radiator, the light-emitting area of LED chip towards the plane of incidence of collimater, light after collimater with collimated light beam outgoing, and the plane of incidence of vertical incidence free curved surface micro-lens array.The microlens array type headlamp spare and accessory parts of LED automobile illumination provided by the invention are few, simple and stable structure, be convenient to install, radiating efficiency is high and do not need light barrier to carry out luminous intensity distribution, decrease the loss of light distributing system to luminous energy, improve the efficiency of light energy utilization; Employing freeform optics designs, and effectively can control light trend, suppress glare effect, and can be up to state standards again the light distribution requirements of GB25991-2010 to vapour Vehicular LED headlamp simultaneously.

Description

The microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination
Technical field
The present invention relates to automotive LED headlamp lighting technical field, particularly the microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination.
Background technology
LED light source has life-span long, energy-efficient, the advantage such as volume is little, environmental protection, extensively be applied in the brake lamp of vehicle, steering indicating light, taillight and instrument lamp etc. at present, research in headlamp application also gets more and more, and LED is about to the main flow becoming vehicle lamp light source market.Along with the application of LED in Vehicular illumination system is constantly expanded, improving constantly of application technology, LED will replace traditional incandescent lamp and halogen tungsten lamp gradually, becomes " forth generation " light source of car light, this development trend also will being the application of car lighting from now on.
Because LED is compared to other light sources, the characteristics of luminescence has very large difference, and the arrangement of chip array and the design of fitting structure all can have influence on final effect, will face more complicated optical design issues when making LED light source be applied to motorcycle headlamp.At present, use be the design of projection-type LED headlamp more widely, this optical design can form good light type effect, but also needs when dipped headlights designs to add light barrier, and whole optical system is complicated, and the efficiency of light energy utilization is lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned Problems existing, provide the microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination, this headlamp does not need light barrier, optical system only comprises LED chip, paraboloid and free curved surface micro-lens array, solve the problem that the projection-type LED headlamp design efficiency of light energy utilization is lower, the light distribution requirements of standard GB/T 25991-2010 to vapour Vehicular LED headlamp can be met simultaneously.The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination, comprise LED chip, aluminium base and radiator, it also comprises collimater and free curved surface micro-lens array, LED chip is welded on aluminium base, aluminium base, collimater and free curved surface micro-lens array are installed on radiator, the light-emitting area of LED chip towards the plane of incidence of collimater, light after collimater with collimated light beam outgoing, and the plane of incidence of vertical incidence free curved surface micro-lens array.
Further, described collimater adopts paraboloid.
Further, described radiator comprises radiator body and is laid in the fin type structure at the radiator body back side, LED light source is placed in the main body of this radiator by aluminium base, and the heat conduction produced when can be worked by LED light source better by the fin type structure at the radiator body back side is also dispersed in air.Good radiating condition ensure that LED light source can on the basis of Normal Environmental Temperature work, and the optimal design in conjunction with secondary optics parts makes automotive LED headlamp reach luminous intensity distribution performance requirement.Meanwhile, distributing in time of heat, just can not cause change and the decay of LED chip performance, improves the service life of car light, has ensured the security of driving.
Further, described paraboloid is made up of electric plating plastic presses material, and the inner surface of reflector is parabola, forms optical reflection face.The effect of paraboloid is that light LED chip sent carries out collimation luminous intensity distribution, and light is penetrated with collimated light beam after paraboloid reflection.
Further improvement, freeform optics microlens array is made up of optically transparent material, light after collimating device collimation is carried out luminous intensity distribution by freeform optics microlens array again, and the light type of generation can meet the light distribution requirements of standard GB/T 25991-2010 to vapour Vehicular LED headlamp.
Further improvement, described free curved surface micro-lens array is covered with the section constitution of whole described collimated light beam by several free form surface lenticule compact arrangement.
Further improvement, all free form surface lenticules are formed as one; The lenticular plane of incidence of described free form surface is plane, and exit facet is free form surface; The lenticular plane of incidence of described free form surface is rectangle plane.
Further improvement, the lenticular exit facet of described free form surface and free form surface are determined as follows:
The gloss collimater that LED light source sends collimates, and the light that LED light source sends is with collimated light beam injection after collimation, and the cross section of this light beam is semicircle, and in this semicircle, choose a tiny area, the illumination of this tiny area is considered as equiluminous; Light in this tiny area forms an isolux hot spot through lens on illuminated area, has according to law of conservation of energy:
E o·S o＝E v·S v
E orepresent the brightness value in a certain zonule of outgoing collimated light beam, S orepresent the area of this tiny area, E vrepresent the brightness value of hot spot on illuminated area, S vrepresent the area of this hot spot, then E vcan be expressed as:
E v＝E o·t
In formula, t is the area S of tiny area owith the area S of hot spot vratio;
Then, according to the light distribution requirements to automotive LED headlamp, illuminated area forms a non-isolux hot spot; First make the optical axis of whole automotive LED headlamp be z-axis, so xoy plane is illuminated area, carries out stress and strain model to field of illumination; Evenly be divided in the direction of the x axis m row, the direction of y-axis is evenly divided into n capable, each little lattice is numbered, wherein the little lattice of the i-th row jth row be numbered G (i, j), then on illuminated area, the energy of the i-th row is:
Q ( i , 0 ) = Σ j = 1 n E v · k ( i , j ) · S ( i , j )
Meanwhile, above-mentioned equation will meet:
E v · S v = Σ i = 1 m Q ( i , 0 )
Above in two formulas, S (i, j)represent G on illuminated area (i, j)area; Light distribution requirements according to country's mark automotive LED headlamp arranges illumination controlling elements k (i, j)control the brightness value size of appointed area on illuminated area, in order to form the Illumination Distribution meeting standard, E vk (i, j)represent G on illuminated area (i, j)brightness value, k (i, j)value size need set according to illumination requirement on illuminated area, for the region k that illumination is larger (i, j)value larger, for the region k that illumination is less (i, j)value less;
On illuminated area, the energy of jth row is:
Q ( 0 , j ) = Σ i = 1 m E v · k ( i , j ) · S ( i , j )
Meanwhile, above-mentioned equation will meet:
E v · S v = Σ j = 1 n Q ( 0 , j )
Then correspond to the stress and strain model on illuminated area, carry out stress and strain model by law of conservation of energy to outgoing collimated light beam small zonule, making this tiny area be long is a, the wide micro rectangle region for b; First carry out row to this micro rectangle region to divide, corresponding to the Energy distribution of the i-th row on illuminated area, according to law of conservation of energy, the energy of this micro rectangle region i-th row is:
E o·b·p i＝Q (i,0)
In formula, p ifor the width of this micro rectangle region i-th row, combining above-mentioned a few formula can solve p i;
In like manner, go division to this micro rectangle region, according to law of conservation of energy, the energy of this micro rectangle region jth row is:
E o·a·q j＝Q (0,j)
In formula, q jfor the width of this micro rectangle region jth row, combine above-mentioned a few formula and solve q j; The p calculated by this two equatioies iand q jcomplete the stress and strain model in this micro rectangle region; Same, each little lattice is numbered, wherein the little lattice of the i-th row jth row be numbered g (i, j);
Finally, according to the stress and strain model in field of illumination and beam cross section micro rectangle region, utilize the law of refraction to calculate lenticular free form surface, lenticule carries out luminous intensity distribution to the light inciding micro rectangle region, make illuminated area to be formed the hot spot meeting lighting criteria, g in micro rectangle region (i, j)with G on illuminated area (i, j)corresponding.
This free form surface is set to lenticular exit facet, making a plane of incidence is the lenticule of plane, again array arrangement is carried out to several such lenticules, arrangement is covered with the cross section of whole incoming parallel beam, and be combined into an entity, the free curved surface micro-lens array of automotive LED headlamp can be obtained.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and technique effect: the microlens array type headlamp spare and accessory parts of LED automobile illumination provided by the invention are few, simple and stable structure, be convenient to install, radiating efficiency is high and do not need light barrier to carry out luminous intensity distribution, decrease the loss of light distributing system to luminous energy, improve the efficiency of light energy utilization; Employing freeform optics designs, effectively can control light trend, suppress glare effect, can be up to state standards again the light distribution requirements of GB25991-2010 to vapour Vehicular LED headlamp simultaneously, and each lenticule of free curved surface micro-lens array is independently, and the hot spot of various shape can be formed, design flexibility is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural blast figure of automotive LED headlamp in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the luminous intensity distribution principle schematic of automotive LED headlamp in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the field of illumination stress and strain model schematic diagram of dipped headlights in embodiment.
Fig. 4 is that the micro rectangle area grid in embodiment in collimated light beam divides schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the corresponding schematic diagram of energy in field of illumination and micro rectangle region in embodiment.
Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b are respectively the schematic three dimensional views of two kinds of different visual angles of lenticule entity in embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the schematic three dimensional views of free curved surface micro-lens array in embodiment.
Fig. 8 a is the scheme of installation of LED chip, aluminium base and radiator in embodiment;
Fig. 8 b is the structural representation of aluminium base and radiator in embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the scheme of installation of LED chip and paraboloid in embodiment.
Figure 10 a, Figure 10 b are the whole lamp mounting structure schematic diagram of two kinds of different visual angles of automotive LED headlamp in embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation, but enforcement of the present invention and protection are not limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, the microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination provided by the invention is made up of LED chip 100, aluminium base 200, radiator 300, paraboloid 400 and free curved surface micro-lens array 500.LED chip is welded on the fixing position of aluminium base, and aluminium base, paraboloid and free curved surface micro-lens array are installed on radiator by corresponding assembling mode.
As shown in Figure 2, this headlamp does not need light barrier to the microlens array type headlamp luminous intensity distribution principle of LED automobile illumination provided by the invention, and optical system only comprises LED chip 100, paraboloid 400 and free curved surface micro-lens array 500.Paraboloid is made up of electric plating plastic presses material, and the inner surface of reflector is parabola, forms optical reflection face.The effect of paraboloid is that light LED chip sent carries out collimation luminous intensity distribution, and light is penetrated with collimated light beam after paraboloid reflection.Freeform optics microlens array is made up of optically transparent material, light after paraboloid collimation is carried out luminous intensity distribution by freeform optics microlens array again, and the light type of generation can meet the light distribution requirements of standard GB/T 25991-2010 to vapour Vehicular LED headlamp.
Therefore, the optical design of freeform optics microlens array 500 is the emphasis inside the present invention, will mainly tell about the optical design of freeform optics microlens array below.Because standard GB/T 25991-2010 has carried out light distribution requirements to the dipped beam of automotive LED headlamp and distance light, more harsh to the requirement of dipped beam especially, then this detailed description of the invention is described with the example that is designed to of dipped beam.
First, stress and strain model is carried out to field of illumination, as shown in Figure 3.According to standard GB/T 25991-2010 to the light distribution requirements of automotive LED headlamp dipped beam, illuminated area to be formed a non-isolux asymmetric hot spot.The optical axis first setting whole optical system is z-axis, and so xoy plane is illuminated area.Stress and strain model is carried out to field of illumination, be evenly divided in the direction of the x axis m row, the direction of y-axis is evenly divided into n capable, each little lattice is numbered, the such as little lattice of the i-th row jth row be numbered G (i, j).Certainly, stress and strain model must be less, and namely the numerical value of m and n is larger, and the precision of calculating can be higher.On illuminated area, the energy of the i-th row is:
Q ( i , 0 ) = Σ j = 1 n E v · k ( i , j ) · S ( i , j )
Meanwhile, above-mentioned equation will meet:
E v · S v = Σ i = 1 m Q ( i , 0 )
Above in two formulas, E vrepresent the average illumination value of hot spot on illuminated area, S vrepresent the area of this hot spot, S (i, j)represent G on illuminated area (i, j)area; According to standard GB/T 25991-2010, illumination controlling elements k is set (i, j)control the brightness value size of appointed area on illuminated area, in order to form the Illumination Distribution meeting standard, then E vk (i, j)represent G on illuminated area (i, j)brightness value, k (i, j)value size need set according to illumination requirement on illuminated area, as the larger region k of illumination (i, j)value larger, for the region k that illumination is less (i, j)value less.
In like manner, on illuminated area, the energy of jth row is:
Q ( 0 , j ) = Σ i = 1 m E v · k ( i , j ) · S ( i , j )
Meanwhile, above-mentioned equation will meet:
E v · S v = Σ j = 1 n Q ( 0 , j )
Then, corresponding to the stress and strain model on illuminated area, carry out stress and strain model, conveniently calculate by law of conservation of energy to incoming parallel beam zonule, this zonule is set as long for a(is as 8mm), wide is that b(is as 4mm) rectangle.The stress and strain model in this micro rectangle region has been calculated according to energy conservation relation.Such as, corresponding to the Energy distribution of the i-th row on illuminated area, according to law of conservation of energy, the energy of this micro rectangle region i-th row is:
E o·b·p i＝Q (i,0)
In formula, E orepresent the brightness value in a certain zonule of outgoing collimated light beam, p ifor the width of this micro rectangle region i-th row, combining above-mentioned a few formula can solve p i.
In like manner, go division to this micro rectangle region, according to law of conservation of energy, the energy of this micro rectangle region jth row is:
E o·a·q j＝Q (0,j)
In formula, q jfor the width of this micro rectangle region jth row, combining above-mentioned a few formula can solve q j.The p calculated by this two equatioies iand q jthe stress and strain model in this micro rectangle region can be completed.Same, each little lattice is numbered, the such as little lattice of the i-th row jth row be numbered g (i, j), as shown in Figure 4, wherein dotted semi-circle lines frame is the scope of incoming parallel beam.
Finally, according to the stress and strain model in field of illumination and micro rectangle region, the law of refraction can be utilized to calculate lenticular free form surface, and lenticule carries out luminous intensity distribution to the light inciding micro rectangle region, make illuminated area to be formed the hot spot meeting lighting criteria, g in micro rectangle region (i, j)with G on illuminated area (i, j)corresponding, as shown in Figure 5.
When iterative computation, first need to determine a starting point calculated, such as, with g in micro rectangle region (1,1)central point be starting point, g (1,1)correspond to G on illuminated area (1,1), pass through g (1,1)the coordinate of central point and G (1,1)the coordinate of central point can obtain the direction vector of emergent ray, utilizes the law of refraction to calculate and can draw g (1,1)the normal vector of central point, thus the section determining this point, this section with incide g (1,2)the ray intersection of central point thus determine next calculation level, by coordinate and the G of this calculation level (1,2)the coordinate of central point can obtain the direction vector of next emergent ray, section and the next calculation level again of this point is obtained again by above-mentioned computational methods, by that analogy, the coordinate of all calculation levels can be drawn by computer iterations, lenticular free form surface 5011 can be fitted to, as shown in Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b by this series of calculation level.
Iterative computation is obtained free form surface 5011 and be set to lenticular exit facet, make the lenticule 501 that a plane of incidence is plane 5012, as shown in Figure 6.Carry out array arrangement to this lenticule, arrangement is covered with the semi-circular cross-section of whole incoming parallel beam, and is combined into a physical model, can obtain the free curved surface micro-lens array 500 of automotive LED headlamp, as shown in Figure 7.
Radiator 300 comprises radiator body and is laid in the fin type structure at the radiator body back side, LED chip 100 is placed on this radiator body by aluminium base 200, the heat conduction produced when being worked by LED light source by the fin type structure at the radiator body back side is also dispersed in air, as shown in Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b.Good radiating condition ensure that LED light source can on the basis of Normal Environmental Temperature work, and the optimal design in conjunction with secondary optics parts makes LED motorcycle headlamp reach luminous intensity distribution performance requirement.Meanwhile, distributing in time of heat, just can not cause change and the decay of LED chip performance, improves the service life of car light, has ensured the security of driving.
Paraboloid 400 and free curved surface micro-lens array 500 are installed on radiator 300 by corresponding assembling mode, wherein, the focus of paraboloid is positioned at the center of LED chip 100 light-emitting area, as shown in Figure 9, the plane of incidence of free curved surface micro-lens array perpendicular to the collimated light beam of injection after paraboloid reflection, as shown in Figure 10 a, Figure 10 b.
Above the microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination provided by the present invention is described in detail, these automotive LED headlamp spare and accessory parts are few, simple and stable structure, be convenient to install, radiating efficiency is high and do not need light barrier to carry out luminous intensity distribution, decrease the loss of light distributing system to luminous energy, improve the efficiency of light energy utilization; Employing freeform optics designs, effectively can control light trend, suppress glare effect, can be up to state standards again the light distribution requirements of GB25991-2010 to vapour Vehicular LED headlamp simultaneously, and each lenticule of free curved surface micro-lens array is independently, and the hot spot of various shape can be formed, design flexibility is high.Apply various illustraton of model in the present invention to set forth detailed description of the invention, the foregoing is only the better feasible examples of implementation of the present invention.For those skilled in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all part can be improved in specific embodiments and applications.In sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (5)

  1. The microlens array type headlamp of 1.LED automotive lighting, comprise LED chip, aluminium base and radiator, characterized by further comprising collimater and free curved surface micro-lens array, LED chip is welded on aluminium base, aluminium base, collimater and free curved surface micro-lens array are installed on radiator, the light-emitting area of LED chip towards the plane of incidence of collimater, light after collimater with collimated light beam outgoing, and the plane of incidence of vertical incidence free curved surface micro-lens array; Described free curved surface micro-lens array is covered with the section constitution of whole described collimated light beam by several free form surface lenticule compact arrangement; All free form surface lenticules are formed as one; The lenticular plane of incidence of described free form surface is plane, and exit facet is free form surface; The lenticular plane of incidence of described free form surface is rectangle plane; The lenticular exit facet of described free form surface and free form surface are determined as follows:
    The gloss collimater that LED light source sends collimates, and the light that LED light source sends is with collimated light beam injection after collimation, and the cross section of this light beam is semicircle, and in this semicircle, choose a tiny area, the illumination of this tiny area is considered as equiluminous; Light in this tiny area forms an isolux hot spot through lens on illuminated area, has according to law of conservation of energy:
    E o·S o＝E v·S v
    E orepresent the brightness value in a certain zonule of outgoing collimated light beam, S orepresent the area of this tiny area, E vrepresent the brightness value of hot spot on illuminated area, S vrepresent the area of this hot spot, then E vcan be expressed as:
    E v＝E o·t
    In formula, t is the area S of tiny area owith the area S of hot spot vratio;
    Then, according to the light distribution requirements to automotive LED headlamp, illuminated area forms a non-isolux hot spot; First make the optical axis of whole automotive LED headlamp be z-axis, so xoy plane is illuminated area, carries out stress and strain model to field of illumination; Evenly be divided in the direction of the x axis m row, the direction of y-axis is evenly divided into n capable, each little lattice is numbered, wherein the little lattice of the i-th row jth row be numbered G (i, j), then on illuminated area, the energy of the i-th row is:
    Q ( i , 0 ) = Σ j = 1 n E v · k ( i , j ) · S ( i , j )
    Meanwhile, above-mentioned equation will meet:
    E v · S v = Σ i = 1 m Q ( i , 0 )
    Above in two formulas, S (i, j)represent G on illuminated area (i, j)area; Light distribution requirements according to country's mark automotive LED headlamp arranges illumination controlling elements k (i, j)control the brightness value size of appointed area on illuminated area, in order to form the Illumination Distribution meeting standard, E vk (i, j)represent G on illuminated area (i, j)brightness value, k (i, j)value size need set according to illumination requirement on illuminated area, for the region k that illumination is larger (i, j)value larger, for the region k that illumination is less (i, j)value less;
    On illuminated area, the energy of jth row is:
    Q ( 0 , j ) = Σ j = 1 m E v · k ( i , j ) · S ( i , j )
    Meanwhile, above-mentioned equation will meet:
    E v · S v = Σ j = 1 n Q ( 0 , j )
    Then correspond to the stress and strain model on illuminated area, carry out stress and strain model by law of conservation of energy to outgoing collimated light beam small zonule, making this tiny area be long is a, the wide micro rectangle region for b; First carry out row to this micro rectangle region to divide, corresponding to the Energy distribution of the i-th row on illuminated area, according to law of conservation of energy, the energy of this micro rectangle region i-th row is:
    E o·b·p i＝Q (i,0)
    In formula, p ifor the width of this micro rectangle region i-th row, combining above-mentioned a few formula can solve p i;
    In like manner, go division to this micro rectangle region, according to law of conservation of energy, the energy of this micro rectangle region jth row is:
    E o·a·q j＝Q (0,j)
    In formula, q jfor the width of this micro rectangle region jth row, combine above-mentioned a few formula and solve q j; The p calculated by this two equatioies iand q jcomplete the stress and strain model in this micro rectangle region; Same, each little lattice is numbered, wherein the little lattice of the i-th row jth row be numbered g (i, j);
    Finally, according to the stress and strain model in field of illumination and beam cross section micro rectangle region, the law of refraction is utilized to calculate lenticular free form surface.
  2. 2. the microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination according to claim 1, is characterized in that described collimater adopts paraboloid.
  3. 3. the microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described radiator comprises radiator body and is laid in the fin type structure at the radiator body back side, LED light source is placed in the main body of this radiator by aluminium base.
  4. 4. the microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination according to claim 2, is characterized in that described paraboloid is made up of electric plating plastic presses material, and the inner surface of reflector is parabola, forms optical reflection face.
  5. 5. the microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that freeform optics microlens array is made up of optically transparent material, light after collimating device collimation is carried out luminous intensity distribution by freeform optics microlens array again, and the light type of generation can meet the light distribution requirements of standard GB/T 25991-2010 to vapour Vehicular LED headlamp.
CN201310330109.7A 2013-07-31 2013-07-31 The microlens array type headlamp of LED automobile illumination Expired - Fee Related CN103363418B (en)

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PCT/CN2013/088721 WO2015014062A1 (en) 2013-07-31 2013-12-06 Free-form surface micro lens array for led headlamp of automobile

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