CN103362265A - High-strength, high-toughness and rain-resistant infrared cement heat-preserving decorative board - Google Patents
High-strength, high-toughness and rain-resistant infrared cement heat-preserving decorative board Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructing material cement decorative boards, and discloses a high-strength, high-toughness and rain-resistant infrared cement heat-preserving decorative board which is good in mechanical strength, toughness, rain resistance, fire resistance, heat insulation performance, sound absorption performance, moisture resistant characteristic and far-infrared radiation capacity. In comparison with an existing cement decorative board, the bending strength of the decorative board can be improved by 1.5-3 times, the compression strength can be improved by more than 2 times, the fire resistance is improved by 10-20 times, and the rain resistance characteristic is improved by 2-5 times. A core board layer of the decorative board is composed of Portland cement, high-alumina cement, gypsum, inorganic far-infrared powder, fine aggregate, inorganic retarding agent, organic retarding agent, water reducing agent and moisture repellent, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the decorative board are respectively provided with vinylon non-woven fabric. Coal ash, black iron ore powder, sodium phosphate capable of forming ionic bonds are preferably selected as key raw material, and the moisture repellent technology is applied to filler aggregate and the surface of a hardened body. In order to improve affinity, the width-length ratio of the non-woven fabric is 0.5-0.62, the diameter of the fiber is 15-45 microns, and the surface of the decorative board is treated in an activating mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cement decorative plate, particularly a kind of infrared cement heat insulating decorative board with high mechanical properties, high tenacity, rain resistance belongs to the cement decorative plate technical field of constructional materials.Compare with the glass magnesium decorative board of present market fast sale, cement decorative plate etc., its bending strength is high can to improve 1.5～3 times, compressive strength is high can be improved more than 2 times, fire performance (anti-combustion time) improves 10～20 times, the rain resistance characteristic strengthens 2～5 times, and lightweight, and insulation, heat insulation, sound absorption, fire resistance characteristic are good, it is good that anti-moisture absorption is returned the halogen characteristic, also has the radiation characteristic of good anion and 4～14 μ m far infrared rayss.Therefore, not only can be used as the inner wall decoration plate, and quite suitable to decorative plate of outer wall.
Background technology
The cement decorative plate of most and glass magnesium fireproof decoration plate all are good decorative material for internal wall, and especially glass magnesium fireproof decoration plate is rather fast-selling.That cement decorative plate and glass magnesium fireproof decoration plate have is high temperature resistant, fire-retardant, sound absorption, shockproof, insect protected, the characteristic such as nontoxic, tasteless, and its intensity is higher, and certain toughness is arranged, but everything divides into two, and also there is some fatal shortcoming in they:
1, because prescription and the inside of cement decorative plate, glass magnesium plate comprise some organic material, so its flame resistance is unstable, when meeting naked light deflagration phenomenon occurs sometimes, causes the glass magnesium decorative board fire prevention to be lost efficacy.Strictly speaking, present glass magnesium plate and some cement decorative plate only are non-type inflammables, and do not belong to real fire-type.
2, magnesium is abundant, rapid condensation in order to make, and the Baume of magnesium chloride (BAUME) degree can not be too low, if the content of magnesium chloride is excessively low, do not reach purpose abundant, rapid condensation, and mechanical strength is very low, and crackle is more; And when the content of magnesium chloride meet make magnesium fully, during the purpose of rapid condensation, its Baume degrees is higher again, namely chloride ion content is higher, thereby causes magnesium chloride to be separated out, and produces " returning white " phenomenon.Therefore easily cause the sheet material damp suction surface halide accumulation, to generation corrosivenesses such as metals.
3, in order to realize light body, most cement decorative plate adopts porous material, hydrophobic process or waterproofing work improper, exist following phenomenon: A, waterproofing work not in place, then hole is larger, easily suction; When ambient humidity is large, increase as the equilibrium moisture content of the cement decorative plate of exterior wall, the thermal conductivity of water is more much bigger than still air, thus coefficient of thermal conductivity descends, and the insulation heat-insulating property descends.B, waterproofing work are excessive, and then aeration is poor, and easy dewfall was mouldy when internal-external temperature difference was large.Indoor unusual dry when heater unit is worked in the winter time, the modern diseases such as idiosyncrasy disease usually occur.Domestic also not reaching is similar to the Person's skin function at present: extraneous moisture can not infiltrate the insulation and decoration intralamellar part, and the dewfall globule of decorative panel inside, the decorative panel outside is discharged in but easily vaporization.
4, prior art is merely pursued mechanical strength or the toughness of cement board or glass magnesium plate usually.On most of cement decorative plates, glass magnesium decorative board, be difficult to see the product of high strength, excellent toughness perfect adaptation, as decorative plate of outer wall use also seldom.
5, purposes is narrow; Present most cement decorative plate and glass magnesium decorative board only use as the common building interior wall, few people it as high-end product, be used in museum, hotel, high-grade restaurant, hospital, public place of entertainment etc., make far infrared rays, the negative oxygen ion of its emission 4～14 μ m, health, the health care such as play sterilization, desinsection, purify air.
In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, a lot of technician have carried out innovation activity, such as: publication number is that the patent of CN1939873 adopts calcium silicate powder, organosilicon, land plaster and string etc., solve the damp suction surface halide accumulation phenomenon, but its shear strength and mechanical stiffness are still not too high, still have the possibility that detonation, efflorescence occur.Although the CN201785930U patent adopts magnesium oxide-magnesium sulfate material PLASTIC LAMINATED, also still can not deal with problems, equally also there is the other problem of separating out " returning white " problem and above-mentioned magnesium chloride in this because magnesium sulfate is similar to the characteristic of magnesium chloride.Publication number is that the patent of CN201494068 is glued together glass magnesium PLASTIC LAMINATED and base plate (beaver board), panel (beaver board), consists of composite plate.Because beaver board is organic material, fire endurance is not good enough.In addition, owing to having internal stress between the flaggy, and both coefficient of thermal expansion do not mate, and use easy layering to come off therefore for a long time.Moreover, still fundamentally do not solve the damp suction surface halide accumulation phenomenon and eliminate detonation, pulverizing problem.Application number is the performance of patent by adding vermiculite, flyash in prescription, floating the lifting bodies of wall such as pearl of CN200610047877.1 and CN03137065.9, but because its prescription is not best.In other words, reasonably add the ionic component material between material of main part and aglite, to form ionic bond, so DeGrain, more do not show the excellent specific property of some functional material in the prescription.Publication number is that CN201730239 is combined with each other glass magnesium PLASTIC LAMINATED and calcium silicates panel, consists of composite plate.Although the calcium silicates panel is inorganic material, can improve the fire endurance of above-mentioned patent, owing to having internal stress between the flaggy, and both coefficient of thermal expansion do not mate, and use for a long time easy layering to come off.Moreover, still fundamentally do not solve the damp suction surface halide accumulation problem.Publication number is that the CN101182180 patent adopts magnesia, halogen sheet, glass and infra-red devitrified glass fibre etc. to make infrared bo-mei board.Because its component remains conventional glass magnesium plate prescription, so key property is improved not obvious.In addition, because emission is ultrared to be the crystalline glass fibre material, the far infrared rays of 4～14 μ m that in its infrared spectrum the mankind quite benefited is less, intensity is not high yet, moreover the crystalline glass fibre material is by encirclements such as magnesia, halogen sheet, perlite, wood chips, the ultrared depth of penetration is superficial (tens wavelength) again, and the far infrared rays that gives off is very few.This material produces without anion again, therefore can not play sterilization, desinsection, air purification effect, and performance health, health care etc. are multi-functional.
Obviously, existing most ordinary Portland cement decorative panel and glass magnesium plate are at rupture strength, contract with dry rate, bulking factor, noninflammability, rain resistance, heat insulating ability, the aspects such as anti-blown sand abrasivity all are difficult to reach simultaneously the requirement of country or industry standard, also not too easily satisfy fully various buildings in, exterior wall is as the instructions for use of decorative panel, in addition again without the far infrared radiation of anion and 4～14 μ m, more be not similar to the Person's skin function: extraneous moisture can not infiltrate the insulation and decoration intralamellar part, and the dewfall globule of decorative panel inside, the decorative panel outside is discharged in but easily vaporization.Thereby limited their scope of application.
Summary of the invention
The infrared cement heat insulating decorative board that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high strength, high tenacity, rain resistance, not only mechanical strength is high, toughness is good for it, lightweight, have good fire prevention, insulation, heat insulation, sound absorption, waterproof, fire resistance, and can anti-moisture absorption return halogen, rain resistance, sterilization, desinsection, purify air, has good health care, realize to a certain extent above-mentioned Person's skin function, basically can satisfy in all directions the inner, external wall instructions for use of various buildings.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance is to be made of convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer, infrared cement decorative plate core layer and adhesive phase; it is characterized in that: described infrared cement heat insulating decorative board has a convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer; in convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer, infrared cement decorative plate core layer, adhesive phase are arranged, and adhesive phase is between infrared cement decorative plate core layer and aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer.
Described aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer is a kind of convex aluminium foil cover; and only four side plates of its upper surface and periphery are made of aluminium foil; in addition; at each aluminium foil side plate circular hole more than 2 is set, in order to increase bonded area and bond strength with aluminium foil when making infrared cement decorative plate core layer.
In described infrared cement decorative plate core layer, be provided with by Portland cement, high alumina cement, gypsum, inorganic far infrared rays powder (for example: flyash, zeolite, kieselguhr, holder Rock of Marne, vermiculite, blast-furnace slag, kaolin, black iron ore), (diameter is the bulky grain less than 5% of 800 μ m to fines, and water absorption rate is less than 1.5%.For example: river sand, slag, the holder Rock of Marne, zeolite, vermiculite, kieselguhr, blast-furnace slag, black iron ore etc.), inorganic retarder (zinc salt, phosphate, for example: sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium, sodium hydrogen phosphate), organic retarding agent (for example: sodium tartrate, citric acid, gluconate, hydroxycarboxylic acid), water reducing agent (for example: the melamine water reducing agent, the methyl naphthalene based water reducer), hydrophober (for example: stearic acid, tetradecanoic acid, calcium stearate, odium stearate) etc. the infrared cement solidification mixed layer that consists of, upper surface at described infrared cement solidification mixed layer is provided with the vinylon nonwoven layer, also is provided with the vinylon nonwoven layer at its soffit.
Select described infrared cement solidification mixed layer to have the reasons are as follows of above-mentioned composition:
Consider from material cost and mechanical strength angle, the ratio that best Portland cement component accounts for is more, but after the cement decorative plate sclerosis, its surface texture is subject to the impact of environment temperature, particularly under cryogenic conditions, because thermal expansion, its decorative panel surface is easy to crack.Therefore, must add an amount of high alumina cement, fines, gypsum, water reducing agent and retarding agent.Many in common knowledge, the kind of the combination formula of different labels cement, the granularity of fines and water absorption rate, additive and adding conditional and operating condition (particularly processing temperature) are of great impact to the decorative panel characteristic.
Obviously, be shaped in order to make cement decorative plate, guarantee the stability of size, guarantee surface smoothing, the limit of not collapsing, edge, and when high temperature, low temperature neither cracking, must adopt optimum formula and optimization process.We test discovery: and organic retarding agent of only utilization routine (such as: sodium tartrate, citric acid, gluconate, hydroxycarboxylic acid etc.) be difficult to achieve the above object.Even the inorganic retarder that the employing people know (for example: zinc oxide), can not satisfy above-mentioned requirements.Therefore the present invention adopts the best of breed of organic retarding agent and inorganic retarder.What be worth emphasizing is, most critical be in following prescription, must take Portland cement, high alumina cement, gypsum, phosphate inorganic retarding agent as core, then cooperate an amount of organic retarding agent, fines, inorganic far infrared rays powder, water reducing agent, hydrophober etc. just can finish the work.Otherwise, walk larger detour.
Different from existing technology, in order to improve better fire performance, the present invention can add cobalt/cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, ferriferous oxide in above-mentioned component.Consider the low price of ferriferous oxide, therefore can select ferriferous oxide---ferrous oxide (FeO), iron oxide (Fe
2O
3), tri-iron tetroxide (Fe
3O
4).In order to make cost lower, select the black iron ore.
In order to improve better the rain resistance characteristic, unlike the prior art, in said components, can add water-proofing performance and manufacturability that phosphate, polyphosphate, hexametaphosphate etc. improve infrared cement solidification mixed layer.In other words, improve the moistening intensity of mixing mortar before the sclerosis of curing mixed layer by adding phosphate, polyphosphate, hexametaphosphate etc., increase its viscosity, in order to improve significantly the rain resistance characteristic and avoid the appearance of damp suction surface halide accumulation phenomenon.The present invention adds an amount of sodium hydrogen phosphate or sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium just can prove effective.
The data that American National space agency announces shows, 4～14 mum wavelength far infrared rayss for human and biological growth, grow quite helpful.Therefore, unlike the prior art, the present invention improves 4～14 mum wavelength far infrared rays emissive porwers and the anion characteristic of infrared cement solidification mixed layer by adding flyash, zeolite, kieselguhr, blast-furnace slag, black iron ore powder, zeolite powder, tourmaline (holder Rock of Marne) powder, river sand, slag, black iron ore particle etc.
The present invention uses flyash quite characteristic:
Flyash is the refuse of steam power station discharging, and its particle great majority are spherical, and diameter is 1～200 μ m, and usually, average diameter is 20 μ m, and the particle diameter more than 60% wherein is 20～200 μ m.Usually get on very well SiO in flyash
2, Al
2O
3And Fe
2O
3Content account for 70～80%, remaining is the oxide of calcium, magnesium, sulphur, potassium, sodium.Its far infrared rays frequency spectrum is usually in 4～24 mum wavelength scopes, so flyash is a kind of good low-cost far-infrared material.In addition, it also has preferably anion characteristic, and measurement shows, usually can launch the anion more than 10,000.
In addition, a large amount of glass microballoons is arranged in the flyash, spherical in shape, mix the interior frictional resistance that can reduce mortar in the mortar, improve the workability of mortar, i.e. so-called morphologization effect.Generally, its particle diameter is also thinner than the particle of cement, and capilar bore and pore in obviously can the backfilling cement gelinite cause the cement gel body more closely knit, i.e. so-called particulate filling effect.Comprised 70～80% SiO in its particle
2, Al
2O
3And Fe
2O
3The isoreactivity material although these active components do not have separately the hydraulicity, under the excitation of some salt, alkali, can generate hydrated calcium silicate, entringite etc., increases mechanical strength, and the later strength of material is significantly promoted.It is so-called activation effect.
Unlike the prior art, the first-selected flyash of the present invention is as one of crucial raw material in the prescription, and its obvious cause is low-cost, high-performance.In other words, adopt cheap powdered coal ash, but can obtain 5 kinds of excellent specific properties---the lifting of the radiation of wide spectrum far infrared rays and anion and the activation of cement material, morphologization and particulate filling effect.Although being the patent of CN200610047877.1 and CN03137065.9, application number used the functional materials such as vermiculite, flyash, in prescription, do not add the ionic component material, therefore can not bring into play the above-mentioned good function of the functional materials such as vermiculite, flyash fully.
Unlike the prior art, added in the present invention prescription between material of main part (cement, gypsum) and aglite, flyash and can form ionic component---sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium, the iron compound etc. of ionic bond, thereby given full play to the excellent function of the functional materials such as vermiculite, flyash.It is the reasons are as follows:
Many in common knowledge, when cement ran into water, hydration reaction then occured, condense and lose flowability, produce the calcium silicates hydrated gel and harden.This moment, the above-mentioned functions material was adsorbed by the calcium silicates hydrated gel usually, and wrapped up, thereby the hole of functional material is blocked, and far infrared rays intensity reduces sharply.The present invention is by adding above-mentioned ionic component material, forms ionic bond between material of main part (cement, gypsum) and aglite, flyash, and then causes the miniaturization of hydrated gel particle and evenly distribute.As a result, the decorative panel quality is extremely fine and close after the sclerosis, and mechanical strength increases severely.In this simultaneously, the obstruction of functional material hole and the reduction of far infrared rays intensity have also been avoided in the miniaturization of hydrated gel particle.Obviously, under the prerequisite that guarantees desired mechanical strength, can reduce significantly the shared ratio of material of main part in the prescription (cement, gypsum), the ratio of enhanced feature material, thus further promoted above-mentioned functions.
Unlike the prior art, for the weight that increases heat insulation effect and alleviate cement decorative plate, the present invention adopts traditional foaming, but the method for utilize adding the aglite such as zeolite, vermiculite, kieselguhr and vinylon nonwoven reduces the bulk density of infrared cement solidification mixed layer and improves heat insulation (cold) effect.In addition, owing to having added the ionic component in the prescription, not only do not reduce its mechanical strength, and can improve its toughness, improved operability.
In order to realize low-carbon environment-friendly; the present invention unlike the prior art; its infrared cement decorative plate core layer is not used the materials such as traditional glass-fiber-fabric, asbestos, glass fiber; and adopt the method for adding vinylon fiber or vinylon nonwoven and aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve method is set; thereby improved the mechanical strength of core layer, improved its toughness and rain resistance.For so that the adhesive strength of the vinylon of core layer and mortar is large, affinity is good, obtain best mechanical tenacity and intensity, according to mechanics of materials knowledge, select the form factor of vinylon nonwoven as follows: the Breadth-Length ratio is 0.5～0.62, the diameter of fiber is 15～45 μ m, and utilize surface conditioning agent that activation is carried out on the surface of aluminium foil cover, vinylon nonwoven, in order to increase activity, uniformity that aluminium foil, vinylon fiber contact with the mixing mortar, promote their affinity.
For suitable exterior wall uses, unlike the prior art, not only to apply hydrophober on cement decorative plate hardenite surface, but all apply hydrophober at filler aggregate and hardenite surface.Experiment shows, the life-span of this hydrophober film prolongs more than 2 times at least than existing method.
In the present invention, infrared cement decorative plate core layer is vinylon nonwoven layer, infrared cement solidification mixed layer, vinylon nonwoven layer from top to bottom successively.Obviously, in the present invention, a kind of infrared cement decorative plate of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance is aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer, adhesive phase, vinylon fiber nonwoven layer, infrared cement solidification mixed layer, vinylon nonwoven layer from top to bottom successively.
The feature of the component of described infrared cement decorative plate core layer is: the fines diameter is the bulky grain less than 5% of 800 μ m, and water absorption rate is less than 1.5%, and they are in river sand, slag, holder Rock of Marne, zeolite, vermiculite, kieselguhr, blast-furnace slag, the black iron ore one or more; Inorganic far infrared rays powder is one or more in flyash, holder Rock of Marne, blast-furnace slag, zeolite, vermiculite, kaolin, kieselguhr, the black iron ore; Inorganic retarder is one or more in sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium, sodium hydrogen phosphate, the zinc salt; Organic retarding agent is one or more in sodium tartrate, citric acid, gluconate, the hydroxycarboxylic acid; Water reducing agent is one or more in melamine water reducing agent, the methyl naphthalene based water reducer; Hydrophober is one or more in stearic acid, tetradecanoic acid, calcium stearate, the odium stearate.
In prescription of the present invention (by weight), Portland cement: 35～60%, high alumina cement: 10～45%, gypsum (preferably hard burnt plaster): 12～25%.If above-mentioned material as 100%, then fines (such as: river sand, slag, holder Rock of Marne, zeolite, vermiculite, kieselguhr, blast-furnace slag, black iron ore etc., diameter is the bulky grain less than 5% of 800 μ m, and water absorption rate is less than 1.5%.): 80～300%, inorganic far infrared rays powder (for example: flyash, zeolite, holder Rock of Marne, vermiculite, blast-furnace slag, kaolin, kieselguhr, black iron ore): 70～265%; And inorganic retarder (zinc salt, sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium, sodium hydrogen phosphate): 0.8～6%; Organic retarding agent (for example: sodium tartrate, citric acid, gluconate, hydroxycarboxylic acid): 0.1～1.5%; Water reducing agent (for example: melamine water reducing agent, methyl naphthalene based water reducer): 0.1～0.5%; Hydrophober (for example: stearic acid, tetradecanoic acid, calcium stearate, odium stearate): 0.5～8%.
Beneficial functional of the present invention is as follows:
The upper surface protection foil layer of the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high strength, high tenacity, rain resistance, good looking appearance not only, and can increase the rain resistance ability and improve mechanical strength.In the infrared cement decorative plate core layer, by Portland cement, high alumina cement, gypsum, inorganic far infrared rays powder, fines, inorganic retarder, organic retarding agent, water reducing agent, the infrared cement solidification mixed layer of the formations such as hydrophober and vinylon nonwoven layer not only can improve the bending strength of decorative panel significantly, compressive strength, fire line, water resistance, the thermal insulation that increases and alleviate its bulk density, and can launch the far infrared rays of 4～14 μ m and produce negative oxygen ion, play sterilization, desinsection, purify air the performance multifunctional sanitary, health-care effect.Product shaping is good, dimensionally stable, and outer surface smoother, the limit of not collapsing, edge, and neitherly when high temperature, low temperature easily crack.The function of this structure quite is similar to the Person's skin function: extraneous moisture almost can not infiltrate the insulation and decoration intralamellar part, and at the globule of heat insulating decorative board internal condensation, but easily vaporization, and be dispersed into the external world by the heat insulating decorative board top layer, thereby prevent that the top layer from playing drum distortion, the generation of stopping leak and crackle.
In a word, have the said structure combination of the infrared cement decorative plate of high mechanical properties, high tenacity, rain resistance, high-grade fireproof characteristic, so that described function is replenished mutually, superposition, beneficial functional is more outstanding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance.
Fig. 2 is the vertical section structure schematic diagram of the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2 and embodiment the present invention is described further; The present embodiment is implemented under take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, has provided detailed embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2; the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board 1 of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance of the present invention; it is by convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer 2; infrared cement decorative plate core layer 4 and adhesive phase 3 consist of; being different from prior art is: the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board 1 of described a kind of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance is provided with a convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer 2; in convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer 2, infrared cement decorative plate core layer 4 and adhesive phase 3 are arranged, and adhesive phase 3 is between infrared cement decorative plate core layer 4 and aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer 2.
Described aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer 2 is a kind of convex aluminium foil jacket layers, and only its upper surface 8 and periphery four side plates 9,9 ', 10,10 ', all consist of (do not illustrate among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 side plate 10) by aluminium foil.In addition, at each aluminium foil side plate circular hole 11 more than 2 is set, in order to increase bonded area and bond strength with aluminium foil when making infrared cement decorative plate core layer, improves further its mechanical strength.
In described infrared cement heat insulating decorative board 1, be provided with the infrared cement solidification mixed layer 7 that one deck is made of Portland cement, high alumina cement, gypsum, inorganic far infrared rays powder, fines, inorganic retarder, organic retarding agent, water reducing agent, hydrophober etc., upper surface at this curing mixed layer 7 is provided with vinylon fiber nonwoven layer 5, is provided with vinylon fiber nonwoven layer 6 at its soffit.
In the present embodiment, infrared cement decorative plate core layer 4 is vinylon fiber nonwoven layer 5, infrared cement solidification mixed layer 7, vinylon fiber nonwoven layer 6 from top to bottom successively.
Then the component of described infrared cement decorative plate core layer 4 cooperates suitable organic retarding agent, fines, inorganic far infrared rays powder, water reducing agent, hydrophober to consist of take Portland cement, high alumina cement, gypsum, phosphate as the basis.Unlike the prior art be that in order to improve better fire performance, the present invention selects the black iron ore in order to make its cost minimum.
Unlike the prior art, for water-proofing performance and the technique operability that improves better infrared cement solidification mixed layer, can add phosphate, polyphosphate, hexametaphosphate etc. in the above-mentioned component.In other words, improve the moistening intensity of mixing mortar before the sclerosis of curing mixed layer by adding phosphate, polyphosphate, hexametaphosphate etc., increase its viscosity, and improve significantly water-proofing performance and damp suction surface halide accumulation phenomenon.The present invention by add an amount of sodium hydrogen phosphate or sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium reach this purpose.
Unlike the prior art, the present invention improves 4～14 mum wavelength far infrared rays emissive porwers of infrared cement solidification mixed layer by adding flyash, zeolite powder, kieselguhr, Tuo Malin stone flour, river sand, slag, blast-furnace slag, black iron ore etc.Lay special stress on of the present invention uses flyash.Flyash is the refuse of steam power station discharging, and its particle great majority are spherical, and diameter is 1～200 μ m, and usually, average diameter is 20 μ m, and the particle diameter more than 60% wherein is 20～200 μ m.Its far infrared rays frequency spectrum is usually in 4～24 mum wavelength scopes, so flyash is a kind of cheaply good far-infrared material.It also has preferably anion characteristic, and measurement shows, usually can launch the anion more than 10,000.In addition, a large amount of glass microballoons is arranged in the flyash, spherical in shape, mix the interior frictional resistance that can reduce mortar in the mortar, improve the workability of mortar, i.e. so-called morphologization effect.Its particle diameter is 20～200 μ m, and the particle than cement is also thin generally, and pore and pore in obviously can the backfilling cement gelinite cause the cement gel body more closely knit.It is so-called particulate filling effect.Comprise some active materials in its particle, although these active components do not have separately the hydraulicity, under the excitation of some salt, alkali, can generate hydrated calcium silicate, entringite etc., increase mechanical strength, the later strength of material is significantly promoted.It is so-called activation effect.Therefore the first-selected flyash of the present invention, its obvious cause is a kind of low-cost powdered coal ash, but plays multiple key effect---activation, morphologization and the particulate filling effect of far infrared rays, negative ions radiation and cement.
Unlike the prior art, the present invention has added ionic component---sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium, the iron compound etc. that can form ionic bond between material of main part (cement, gypsum) and aglite, flyash in prescription, give full play to the excellent function of the functional materials such as vermiculite, flyash.
Unlike the prior art, for the weight that increases heat insulation effect and alleviate cement decorative plate, the present invention adopts traditional foaming, but the method for utilize adding the aglite such as zeolite powder, kieselguhr, vermiculite granule and vinylon nonwoven reduces the bulk density of infrared cement solidification mixed layer and improves heat insulation (cold) effect.This does not only reduce mechanical strength, and improves its toughness, has improved repeatability and the operability of technique.
Unlike the prior art; infrared cement decorative plate core layer of the present invention is not used the materials such as traditional glass-fiber-fabric, asbestos, glass fiber; and adopt method and the utilization of adding the vinylon nonwoven that the mechanical strength that aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer method improves core layer significantly is set, improve its toughness.For so that the vinylon nonwoven of core layer and to mix the bonding adhesive strength of mortar large, affinity is good, obtain best mechanical tenacity and intensity, according to mechanics of materials knowledge, select the form factor of vinylon nonwoven as follows: the Breadth-Length ratio is 0.5～0.62, the diameter of fiber is 15～45 μ m, and utilize surface conditioning agent that activation is carried out on the surface of aluminium foil cover, vinylon fiber nonwoven, in order to increase aluminium foil, vinylon fiber surface and the uniformity that contacts of mixing mortar and the affinity that promotes them.
For suitable exterior wall uses, unlike the prior art, not to adopt the method that only applies hydrophober on cement decorative plate hardenite surface, but all apply the method for hydrophober on filler aggregate surface and hardenite surface.
In the present invention, infrared cement decorative plate core layer 4 is vinylon fiber nonwoven layer 5, infrared cement solidification mixed layer 7, vinylon nonwoven layer 6 from top to bottom successively.Obviously, in the present invention, the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board 1 of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance is aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer 2, adhesive phase 3, vinylon fiber nonwoven layer 5, infrared cement solidification mixed layer 7, vinylon nonwoven layer 6 from top to bottom successively.
Prescription (by weight) at embodiments of the invention is as follows:
Portland cement: 35～50%, high alumina cement: 30～40%, hard burnt plaster: 23～25%.If with above-mentioned material as 100%, then fines (such as: river sand, slag, zeolite, holder Rock of Marne, vermiculite, kieselguhr, blast-furnace slag, black iron ore etc., diameter is the bulky grain less than 5% of 800 μ m, and water absorption rate is less than 1.5%.): 200%, inorganic far infrared rays powder (for example: flyash, zeolite, holder Rock of Marne, vermiculite, blast-furnace slag, kaolin, kieselguhr, black iron ore): 140%; And inorganic retarder (zinc salt, sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium, sodium hydrogen phosphate): 0.8～1.2%; Organic retarding agent (for example: sodium tartrate, citric acid, gluconate, hydroxycarboxylic acid): 0.28～0.5%; Water reducing agent (for example: melamine water reducing agent, methyl naphthalene based water reducer): 0.26～0.35%; Hydrophober (for example: calcium stearate, odium stearate): 3～6%.
Actual measurement shows, compare with cement heat preserving decorative panel, the glass magnesium decorative board of present market sale, the bending strength of the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance of the present invention can improve 1.5～3 times, compressive strength is high can be improved more than 2 times, fire performance (anti-combustion time) can improve 10～20 times, and the rain resistance characteristic strengthens 2～5 times.In addition, show with naked-eye observation, sample is shaped, dimensionally stable, and outer surface smoother, flawless, the edge limit of not collapsing, and when high temperature, low temperature, do not produce the crackle that naked-eye observation can observe yet.Through test, its bending strength can reach 3.6N/mm2, and compressive strength is about 18N/mm2.Its 4～14 mum wavelength far infrared rays emissivity can be up to 65～85% (environment temperature be about 35 ℃), and anion can reach more than 10,000.
Thickness of the present invention is the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board typical sample of the high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance of 70mm, in 2011 according to GB GB8624-2006 " constructional materials and goods classification system for fire performance ", be up to the standards through fixedly the go out fire retarding component quality supervision and test center that unifies of country, check its combustibility to reach the A1 level.Through national building materials test center radionuclide specific activity (Bq/Kg), internal radiation index, external exposure index are tested and shown, meet the requirement of GB GB6566-2010 " the radioactive material nucleic is limited the quantity of " standard fully.
Claims (7)
1. the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance is to be made of convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer, infrared cement decorative plate core layer and adhesive phase; it is characterized in that: described infrared cement decorative plate core layer has a convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer; in convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer, infrared cement decorative plate core layer, adhesive phase are arranged, and adhesive phase is between infrared cement decorative plate core layer and aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer.
2. the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer only four side plates of its upper surface and periphery is to consist of the circular hole that arranges on each aluminium foil side plate of De ， And and convex aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer periphery more than 2 by aluminium foil.
3. the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described infrared cement decorative plate core layer is that portland cement, high alumina cement, gypsum, inorganic far infrared rays powder, fines, inorganic retarder, organic retarding agent, water reducing agent, hydrophober etc. consist of, thereon, soffit is respectively equipped with the vinylon nonwoven layer.
4. the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described infrared cement heat insulating decorative board is aluminium foil decorating protective sleeve layer, adhesive phase, vinylon nonwoven layer, infrared cement decorative plate core layer, vinylon nonwoven layer from top to bottom successively.
According to claim 1 with the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of 3 described high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistances, the feature of described infrared cement decorative plate core layer is: its component (by weight) is Portland cement: 35～60%, high alumina cement: 10～45%, gypsum: 12～25%.If with above-mentioned material as 100%, fines then: 80～300%, inorganic far infrared rays powder: 70～265%, inorganic retarder: 0.8～6%; Organic retarding agent: 0.1～1.5%; Water reducing agent: 0.1～0.5%, hydrophober: 0.5～8%.
According to claim 1 with the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of 5 described high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistances, the feature of the component of described infrared cement decorative plate core layer is: the fines diameter is 800 microns bulky grain less than 5%, and water absorption rate is less than 1.5%, they are river sand, slag, zeolite, kieselguhr, the holder Rock of Marne, vermiculite, blast-furnace slag, in the black iron ore one or more, inorganic far infrared rays powder is flyash, zeolite, the holder Rock of Marne, vermiculite, kieselguhr, blast-furnace slag, kaolin, in the black iron ore one or more, inorganic retarder is sodium phosphate, two hypophosphite monohydrate sodium, in the sodium hydrogen phosphate one or more, organic retarding agent is sodium tartrate, citric acid, gluconate, in the hydroxycarboxylic acid one or more, water reducing agent is the melamine water reducing agent, in the methyl naphthalene based water reducer one or more, hydrophober are stearic acid, tetradecanoic acid, calcium stearate, in the odium stearate one or more.
According to claim 1 with the infrared cement heat insulating decorative board of 3 described high-intensity high-tenacity rain resistances, it is characterized in that: the form factor of vinylon nonwoven is that the Breadth-Length ratio is 0.5～0.62, the diameter of fiber is 15～45 μ m, and its surface is carried out activation through surface conditioning agent and crossed.
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Application publication date: 20131023 |