CN103352101A - Low-cost smelting process for converter - Google Patents
Low-cost smelting process for converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103352101A CN103352101A CN2013102487328A CN201310248732A CN103352101A CN 103352101 A CN103352101 A CN 103352101A CN 2013102487328 A CN2013102487328 A CN 2013102487328A CN 201310248732 A CN201310248732 A CN 201310248732A CN 103352101 A CN103352101 A CN 103352101A
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- slag
- converter
- oxygen
- blowing
- steel
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010058490 Hyperoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000222 hyperoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-cost smelting process of a converter, belonging to the field of steelmaking, wherein the smelting process divides the oxygen blowing process of the converter into two stages: the first stage is a high-efficiency dephosphorization stage, and the oxygen blowing amount is controlled to be 13-18 Nm3Pouring partial phosphorus-rich slag after blowing is finished, stopping blowing and lifting a gun, and adding 3-5 kg/ton iron sludge pellets to ensure smooth slag pouring, wherein the slag pouring rate is 40-80%; the second stage is a less slag decarburization stage, and slag remaining and steel tapping are adopted at the blowing end point of the converter. According to the smelting process, the lime consumption of the converter is 10-20 kg/tSteelThe light-burned dolomite consumes 5-12 kg/tSteelThe phosphorus content of the end-point molten steel can be stably controlled to be below 0.013%, and the dephosphorization rate in the converter process is above 85%. Compared with the prior art, the using amount of the converter lime and the light-burned dolomite is reduced by 30-50%, and the consumption of the converter steel material is reduced by 5-6 kg/tSteelGreatly reduces the smelting cost of the converter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of converter smelting process, be specifically related to a kind of low-cost smelting technology of converter of producing Low-phosphorus Steel, belong to the converter steelmaking field.
Background technology
Converter is take molten iron and steel scrap as raw material, and take supplementary materials such as lime, light dolomites as slag former, oxygen blast is smelted in the stove.The main purpose of converter smelting is dephosphorization, decarburization, intensification.The dephosphorisation reaction of converter process can be used formula＜1〉expression, this reaction is thermopositive reaction, the forward that low temperature is conducive to dephosphorisation reaction carries out.Utilization is bessemerized the low temperature environment at initial stage and is built the oxidisability slag high efficiency dephosphorating of certain basicity, and the stove that then falls is removed most rich phosphorus slag, reduces the phosphorus content of total system, the probability that is conducive to improve the dephosphorizing capacity of later stage slag and reduces rephosphorization.
2[P]+5(FeO)+4(CaO)=(4CaO·P
2O
5)+[Fe]+Q <1>
Carbon is the topmost origin of heat of converter steelmaking, the blowing initial stage in order to pursue higher dephosphorization rate, usually add a large amount of refrigerants and slow down being rapidly heated of molten bath, but lose more carbon, the later stage bath temperature that causes blowing can not reach the molten steel requirement.This is the shortcoming of molten iron " three take off " pre-treatment and duplex converter, that is: the molten iron when being blended into the converter decarburization (or half steel) temperature is low, carbon content is low, need to add a certain amount of carburelant or the additional temperature of heat-generating agent in the decarburization stage.Thereby, when improving dephosphorization efficient, reduces the oxidation of carbon at the blowing initial stage, and be an importance of saving steel-making cost.
In addition, by the dephosphorisation reaction formula as can be known, increasing basicity of slag (improving CaO content) and improving slag oxidation (improving FeO content in the slag) is two important factors that promote that reaction forward is carried out.Improve basicity of slag, increase the quantity of slag, when having increased the converter lime consumption, also increased iron loss, increased the consumption of iron and steel stock.
Therefore, be necessary to develop cheaply less-slag melting technique of a kind of low phosphorus content.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of converter low-cost smelting technology, utilize a upper stove terminal point remaining slag operation to realize blowing fs high efficiency dephosphorating, the deslagging operation that finishes by dephosphorization has realized few slag decarburization of blowing subordinate phase, reduction converter lime, light dolomite and iron and steel stock consumption have been reached, reduce the purpose of STEELMAKING PRODUCTION cost, the smelting endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is controlled at below 0.013% simultaneously.
For realizing the object of the invention: the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The low-cost smelting technology of a kind of converter comprises fs oxygen blast desiliconizing and dephosphorizing, and oxygen blast finishes to pour out the rich phosphorus slag of part, the few slag decarburization of subordinate phase oxygen blast, and finishing blowing is stayed the slag tapping, and it is characterized in that: the fs blowing oxygen quantity is 13～18Nm
3Oxygen rifle oxygen feeding stop during/ton iron adds ton iron 3～5kg mud pelletizing and presses slag at oxygen rifle oxygen feeding stop and when carrying rifle, carry out the deslagging operation behind the pressure slag, and the deslagging rate is 40%～80%; Subordinate phase top blast oxygen supply intensity is 3.5～3.7Nm
3/ mint, basicity of slag is controlled at 2.8～3.5, and tapping temperature is more than 1630 ℃.
Further, described mud pelletizing by weight percentage composition is: T.Fe:48～55%, MgO:2～7%, CaO:8～12%, SiO
2＜2%, P
2O
5＜0.2%, Al
2O
3＜0.5%, S＜0.7%, P＜0.07%, and the inevitable impurity of surplus.
The principal character of this technique is: (1) fs oxygen blast finishes, and adds 3～5kg/t when blow off is carried rifle
Molten ironThe mud pelletizing is pressed slag, can the fast reducing thickness of slag layer, thus carry out smoothly furnace operating, shorten the slagging time, and reduce temperature drop.Especially when molten iron initial silicon content was higher, the foam slag blanket was higher near fire door, and the stove that falls this moment is relatively more dangerous, and the molten metal that deslagging is taken out of is many, must press slag to process.In the prior art, usually adopt before the deslagging ore as pressure agent, adopt by comparison the mud pelletizing to press the less and successful of slag add-on, cost lower.(2) studied blowing initial stage molten bath phosphorus content and Converter Oxigen Blowing the relationship between quantities, according to blowing oxygen quantity control deslagging opportunity, draw thus the optimal selection opportunity that the initial stage of bessemerizing carries out deslagging: a ton iron oxygen-supplying amount is 13～18Nm
3The time, adopt the low-basicity less quantity of slag to smelt after the deslagging, supplementary product onsumption is lower, the endpoint molten steel phosphorus content stable.(3) bessemerize the terminal point employing and stay the slag tapping, converting iron for safety considers, studied the converter terminal slag from the temperature changing regularity of tapping in finishing during this period of time to slag splashing, formulated finishing slag residue adjustment scheme according to the slag composition of this result and blow end point: add 2～4kg/t light dolomite and 1～2kg/t after the tapping and spatter the slag agent, hot metal charging again after slag splashing finishes to add first steel scrap and shakes up.
This technique is used 180 tons of converters, and entering the stove molten iron is conventional desulfurization preprocessed molten iron, allows molten iron silicon content to have larger fluctuation range, does not need newly-increased dephosphorizing pretreatment equipment.Molten iron adopts the flow process of " bag on earth ", and converter enters the temperature of stove molten iron at 1300 ℃～1450 ℃, bessemerizes the subordinate phase quantity of slag less, has improved the thermo-efficiency of carbon period, and the blow end point liquid steel temperature satisfies processing requirement more than 1630 ℃.This technique realizes hot next the stokehold phase dephosphorization that is cycled to used in of terminal point slag, has namely reduced slag emission, has improved blowing fs dephosphorization efficient, has reduced again the usage quantity of converter lime and light dolomite.The fs finishing blowing, pour out 40%～80% rich phosphorus slag, obtain the lower molten iron of phosphorus content and (claim again " half steel ", phosphorus content is 0.025%～0.040%, carbon content is 3.0%～3.2%), for the later stage less-slag melting provides precondition, so that be easier to obtain high alkalinity hyperoxia voltinism slag at blowing subordinate phase ratio, improved the dephosphorizing capacity of carbon period slag, provided safeguard for obtaining stable low-phosphorus molten steel.
It is raw material that the present invention adopts the molten iron without dephosphorizing pretreatment, under the condition without newly added equipment, realized converter less-slag melting, reduced production cost, the consumption of converter lime and light dolomite reduces by 30%～50%, iron and steel stock consumption reduces by 5～6kg/t, and the converter steelmaking production cost has reduced by 20～25 yuan/tons.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 bessemerizes to finish the Changing Pattern figure of later terminal point slag temperature along with the time;
Fig. 2 is blowing initial stage molten bath phosphorus content and Converter Oxigen Blowing the relationship between quantities figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
Adopt the low-cost smelting technology of converter of the present invention, smelt in converter take steel scrap and desulfurization preprocessed molten iron as raw material, but the utilization of finishing slag continuous circulation.The converter loaded condition, the information that namely enters stove molten iron, steel scrap is as shown in table 1.
Oxygen supply system adopts the operating method of constant current quantitative change rifle position, and the oxygen blast flow of blowing desiliconizing and dephosphorizing phase fs is 36000Nm approximately
3/ h, to be reduced to gradually 1.6m～1.65m(rifle position height relevant with molten iron temperature and initial silicon content by opening the 1.9m～2.1m that blows in the rifle position); The oxygen blast flow of the few slag carbon period of blowing subordinate phase is about 39000Nm
3/ h, the rifle position is controlled at 1.5m～1.9m, and catch carbon rifle position is 1.5m.
The reinforced total amount of converter is calculated by model, reinforced minute 2～3 batches of addings of blowing fs, adding 500～850kg sludge ball when blow off is carried rifle before the deslagging presses slag to process, the reinforced minute multiple batches of short run of blowing subordinate phase adds in the stove gradually, and the information such as feeding quantity, blowing oxygen quantity, molten steel and slag composition in two blowing stages of each heat are respectively shown in table 2～6.
Table 1 pack into molten iron and steel scrap information table
Reinforced and the oxygen blast information table of table 2 fs blowing
Table 3 half composition of steel and temperature information table
Table 4 half steel slag ingredient (%) and basicity of slag table
| Heat (batch) number | CaO | SiO 2 | P 2O 5 | MgO | T·Fe | MnO | R |
| Embodiment 1 | 30.548 | 19.31 | 3.654 | 6.87 | 13.22 | 9.05 | 1.58 |
| Embodiment 2 | 31.864 | 19.20 | 3.731 | 9.62 | 11.71 | 7.51 | 1.66 |
| Embodiment 3 | 34.174 | 17.11 | 3.537 | 9.34 | 14.08 | 5.97 | 2.0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 35.07 | 17.12 | 4.082 | 10.13 | 11.56 | 6.21 | 2.05 |
The oxygen blast of table 5 subordinate phase and reinforced information table
Table 6 endpoint molten steel composition (wt.%) and temperature (℃) information table
As above for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other modification although embodiment of the present invention are open, therefore not deviate under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details.
Claims (3)
1. the low-cost smelting technology of converter comprises fs oxygen blast desiliconizing and dephosphorizing, and oxygen blast finishes to pour out the rich phosphorus slag of part, the few slag decarburization of subordinate phase oxygen blast, and finishing blowing is stayed the slag tapping, and it is characterized in that: the fs blowing oxygen quantity is 13～18Nm
3Oxygen rifle oxygen feeding stop during/ton iron adds 3～5kg/ ton iron mud pelletizing and presses slag at oxygen rifle oxygen feeding stop and when carrying rifle, carry out the deslagging operation behind the pressure slag, and the deslagging rate is 40%～80%; Subordinate phase top blast oxygen supply intensity is 3.5～3.7Nm
3/ mint, basicity of slag is controlled at 2.8～3.5, and tapping temperature is more than 1630 ℃.
2. the low-cost smelting technology of a kind of converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: mud pelletizing composition is by weight percentage: T.Fe:48～55%, MgO:2～7%, CaO:8～12%, SiO
2＜2%, P
2O
5＜0.2%, Al
2O
3＜0.5%, S＜0.7%, P＜0.07%, and the inevitable impurity of surplus.
3. the low-cost smelting technology of a kind of converter according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the smelting endpoint molten steel phosphorus content is controlled at below 0.013%.
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| CN201310248732.8A CN103352101B (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2013-06-21 | Low-cost smelting process for converter |
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| CN201310248732.8A CN103352101B (en) | 2013-06-21 | 2013-06-21 | Low-cost smelting process for converter |
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| CN103352101A true CN103352101A (en) | 2013-10-16 |
| CN103352101B CN103352101B (en) | 2015-07-22 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103757173A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-30 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 | Low-lime-consumption converter steel-making method |
| CN104294003A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 王虎 | Modification technology for steel slag in converter dephosphorization stage |
| CN105821177A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-03 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Converter full-three-removal process method and method for reducing total slag amount |
| CN112458237A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 江苏集萃冶金技术研究院有限公司 | Steelmaking method for reducing slag quantity and modifying slag components on line |
| CN112708717A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-27 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for smelting low-phosphorus molten steel by single-converter duplex method |
| CN112899430A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-04 | 安徽工业大学 | Method for improving energy utilization efficiency in converter |
| CN113073168A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-06 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Rapid smelting method of low-phosphorus steel converter |
| CN113667794A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-19 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing early-stage slag by using self-circulation slag pellets |
| CN114214476A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-22 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of converter steel tapping hole |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103757173A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-30 | 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 | Low-lime-consumption converter steel-making method |
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| CN104294003A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 王虎 | Modification technology for steel slag in converter dephosphorization stage |
| CN105821177A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-08-03 | 首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司 | Converter full-three-removal process method and method for reducing total slag amount |
| CN112458237A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 江苏集萃冶金技术研究院有限公司 | Steelmaking method for reducing slag quantity and modifying slag components on line |
| CN112708717A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-27 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for smelting low-phosphorus molten steel by single-converter duplex method |
| CN112899430A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-04 | 安徽工业大学 | Method for improving energy utilization efficiency in converter |
| CN113073168A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-06 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Rapid smelting method of low-phosphorus steel converter |
| CN113667794A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-19 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing early-stage slag by using self-circulation slag pellets |
| CN114214476A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-22 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of converter steel tapping hole |
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