CN103757173A - Low-lime-consumption converter steel-making method - Google Patents
Low-lime-consumption converter steel-making method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103757173A CN103757173A CN201410026518.2A CN201410026518A CN103757173A CN 103757173 A CN103757173 A CN 103757173A CN 201410026518 A CN201410026518 A CN 201410026518A CN 103757173 A CN103757173 A CN 103757173A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-lime-consumption converter steel-making method. The low-lime-consumption converter steel-making method comprises the processes of up-drawn deslagging, turndown loading, gun-lowered blowing melting and down-drawn tapping, wherein during the up-drawn deslagging, 35-45wt% of slag is reserved in a furnace; during the gun-lowered blowing melting, the spray head height of a blowing start gun position is controlled to be 1080-1120mm away from a static molten iron surface when the content of silicon in molten iron is lower than 0.35wt% or the temperature of the molten iron is higher than 1340 DEG C, the spray head height of the blowing start gun position is controlled to be 1030-1070mm away from the static molten iron surface when the content of silicon in the molten iron is higher than 0.55wt% and the content of sulfur in the molten iron is higher than 0.040wt% or the temperature of the molten iron is not higher than 1340 DEG C, and the spray head height of the blowing start gun position is controlled to be 1070-1080mm away from the static molten iron surface under the remaining conditions; during the gun-lowered blowing melting, the added amount of a slagging material of a first batch is controlled to be 45-55wt% the total added amount, the rest slagging material is added in one time when the temperature of the molten steel is above 1420 DEG C after the slagging material of the first batch is excellently melted, and the rest slagging material is in two batches under the remaining conditions. The method has the advantages that the steel-making cost and lime consumption are reduced obviously, and meanwhile, the quality of molten steel is kept stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of converter steel making method, especially a kind of converter steel making method of low lime consumption.
Background technology
Converter steelmaking is to carry out in converter, and the outside of converter is as pyriform, and inwall has refractory brick, and furnace side is provided with a plurality of air ports, and pressurized air in blown converter, is called again side-blown converter from these air ports.During beginning, converter, in level, is inwardly injected the liquid pig iron of 1300 degrees Celsius, and adds a certain amount of unslaked lime, then blasts air and rotate converter to make it to vertical position.At this moment the violent reaction in liquid pig iron surface, makes iron, silicon, manganese oxidation (FeO, SiO
2, MnO) generate slag, utilize the iron and steel of fusing and the convection action of slag, reaction is spreaded all in whole stove.After several minutes, while being only left a small amount of silicon and manganese in molten steel, carbon starts oxidation, generates carbon monoxide (heat release) molten steel is acutely seethed with excitement.Fire door is because huge flame appears in the burning of the carbonic oxide overflowing.Finally, also there is oxidation and further generate ferrous phosphate in phosphorus.With unslaked lime, reaction generates stable calcium phosphate and sulfurated lime to ferrous phosphate again, becomes together slag.When phosphorus and thionic decrescence few, flame declines, and when the brown steam of Z 250 appears in fire door, shows that steel is smelt.At this moment turn off the blast, and converter is forwarded to level attitude, molten steel is inclined to inner, then killing carries out deoxidation.Whole process only needed about 15 minutes.If oxygen is to be blown into from furnace bottom, that is exactly bottom-blown converter; Oxygen is blown into from top, is exactly top blown converter.
Converter smelting process flow process is: (1) upper stove deslagging: deslagging after upper stove tapping, checks furnace lining and the equipment that fascinates etc. and carry out necessary repairing and repairing; (2) turndown charging: turndown, add steel scrap, hot metal charging, shake positive body of heater (to vertical position); (3) rifle blowing being fallen: falls rifle oxygen supply, start blowing, add first slag material to blow simultaneously; After 3～5min, add second batch slag material to continue blowing; After blow end point catch carbon, carry robbing and stop oxygen; Slag material is mainly lime and rhombspar, also has the flux such as a small amount of fluorite or iron scale; (4) fall stove: fall stove, thermometric, sampling, and determine re-blow time or tapping; Utilize the pushing off the slag tappings such as slag-blocking ball, slag retaining cap, floating plug, (alloy calculating is added in ladle) and carry out deoxidation alloying simultaneously.
As the main auxiliary material of STEELMAKING PRODUCTION, the height of lime consumption has important impact to cost.By original working method, directly reduce lime adding amount, can cause composition discord after catch carbon, to quality, produce and affect greatly.How not affecting quality product, not affect under the prerequisite of the normal production order, reducing converter steel melting lime consumption is to have a difficult problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of converter steel making method that does not affect the low lime consumption of quality product.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: it comprises stove deslagging, turndown charging, falls rifle blowing, the tapping process of falling stove, it is characterized in that: in described upper stove deslagging process, leave the quantity of slag of 35～45wt% in stove;
Described falling in rifle converting process, in molten iron when 1340 ℃ of silicon < 0.35wt% or molten iron temperature >, opens the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and is controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1080～1120mm; Silicon > 0.55wt% and sulphur > 0.040wt% in molten iron, or during molten iron temperature≤1340 ℃, open the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and be controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1030～1070mm; Under all the other conditions, open the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and be controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1070～1080mm;
Described falling in rifle converting process, first slag material add-on is controlled at 45～55wt% of total add-on; After first slag materialization is good, fire door is when more than 1420 ℃, and slag material is disposable adds for residue; Under all the other conditions, residue slag material adds in two batches; Lime adding amount meets tapping requirement according to molten steel blow end point.
In upper stove deslagging process of the present invention, preferably in stove, leave the quantity of slag of 40wt%.
Of the present invention falling in rifle converting process, preferably first slag material add-on is controlled at the 50wt% of total add-on.
In the tapping process of falling stove of the present invention, adopt slag-blocking ball tapping; Stove the inner of described steel-tapping hole tube brick, apart from converter inwall 80～120mm, forms the pit coordinating with slag-blocking ball.
In the tapping process of falling stove of the present invention, tapping later stage grate inclination angle is 99 °.
In the tapping process of falling stove of the present invention, throw at slag-blocking ball 800mm place above tap hole home position.
Adopt the beneficial effect that technique scheme produces to be: (1) be take to control and stayed the quantity of slag as basic remaining slag operation method, metallurgy lime is reused, stay the quantity of slag to be about 35～45wt% of total quantity of slag, the quantity of slag is crossed conference and is caused staying slag hearth time blowing difficulty, splash increases, the quantity of slag is crossed affects slag splashing effect at least, does not have the due effect of remaining slag operation; Of the present inventionly stay the quantity of slag to improve to stay slag rate, reduced splash, increased lime utilization ratio, played the object that reduces lime consumption.
(2) hold and blow rifle position and determine that bad causing of meeting slag effect is unstable, lime utilization ratio is low, causes splash more, splash strengthens out a large amount of unfused lime, causes waste.Change slag when better, slag material is disposable adds for residue, changes slag when more bad, and residue slag material adds in two batches, thereby can reduce lime consumption.The present invention controls and opens the condition of blowing rifle position and this stove steel lime according to the molten iron, the steel scrap condition that enter stove, fully improves the utilization ratio of lime.
(3) for converter slag-resisting technique, carry out multinomial improvement, pushing off the slag rate is improved largely; Pushing off the slag success ratio is brought up to more than 90%, has effectively reduced the high phenomenon of phosphorus causing because of lower slag rephosphorization, guarantees the quality product under low lime consumption, lower finishing slag basicity, has obtained positive effect.
(4) lime consumption of the present invention is reduced to below current 40kg/ ton above by original 50kg/ ton, has obviously reduced steel-making cost, and steel quality keeps stable simultaneously, is not affected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of converter taphole of the present invention.
Embodiment
The converter steel making method of this low lime consumption comprises stove deslagging, turndown charging, falls rifle blowing, the tapping of falling stove etc.Concrete processing step is: stove deslagging on (1): go up the rear deslagging of stove tapping, leave the quantity of slag of 35～45wt% in stove, stay the quantity of slag to be preferably the 40wt% of the total quantity of slag of stove; Check furnace lining and the equipment that fascinates etc. and carry out necessary repairing and repairing.
(2) turndown charging: turndown, add steel scrap, hot metal charging, shake positive body of heater (to vertical position).
(3) rifle blowing being fallen: falls rifle oxygen supply, start blowing; Fall in rifle converting process, in molten iron when 1340 ℃ of silicon < 0.35wt% or molten iron temperature >, open the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and be controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1080～1120mm; Silicon > 0.55wt% and sulphur > 0.040wt% in molten iron, or during molten iron temperature≤1340 ℃, open the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and be controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1030～1070mm; Under all the other conditions, open the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and be controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1070～1080mm; Add first slag material to blow, first slag material add-on is controlled at 45～55wt% of total add-on simultaneously, is finally controlled at the 50wt% of total add-on; After first slag materialization is good, according to fire door flame judgementization slag situation, flame is soft, and being very slag is not better, is above temperature higher according to flame brightness judgement temperature at 1420 ℃, and slag material is disposable adds for residue; Under all the other conditions, residue slag material adds in two batches.After blow end point catch carbon, carry robbing and stop oxygen; Slag material is mainly lime and rhombspar, also has the flux such as a small amount of fluorite or iron scale.The fundamental basis of lime adding amount is that molten steel blow end point meets tapping requirement; First according to Si content, molten iron Intake Quantity, steel grade etc. in molten iron, estimate the reference value of lime adding amount, then adjust at any time according to production reality; Through a large amount of actual productions checkings, adopt the total amount consumed of present method lime on the constant basis of other slag materials obviously to reduce.
(4) fall stove: fall stove, thermometric, sampling, and determine re-blow time or tapping; Utilize the pushing off the slag tappings such as slag-blocking ball, slag retaining cap, floating plug, (alloy calculating is added in ladle) and carry out deoxidation alloying simultaneously.In the described tapping process of falling stove, adopt slag-blocking ball tapping; Shown in Fig. 1, the stove of described steel-tapping hole tube brick 2 the inner and converter inwall 1 distance 80～120mm, form the pit coordinating with slag-blocking ball, improves like this slag-blocking ball with the probability of arrival tap hole 3 tops after adding in stove.In the described tapping process of falling stove, tapping later stage grate inclination angle is 99 °.In the described tapping process of falling stove, throw at slag-blocking ball 800mm place above tap hole home position; Can just there is following input mode: the steel pipe that is welded with iron ring with a place ahead, slag-blocking ball is put on iron ring, while changing tap hole, iron ring is stretched in stove and tap hole endoporus positioned in alignment, in outside, at steel pipe and fire-screen door outside, burn-on spacer bar with location, while adding slag-blocking ball, push away steel pipe to spacer bar to fire-screen door outside and tumble steel pipe in slag-blocking ball input stove.
Embodiment 1: the converter steel making method of this low lime consumption is applied to 50t converter, and smelting steel grade is low-alloy, and grade of steel is NHRB335D.
The main component of metallurgy lime: CaO 86wt%, SiO
21.5wt%, activity degree 366.
The price of metallurgy lime is 420 yuan/t at present.
In converter smelting operation, totally 56 tons of molten iron and steel scrap Intake Quantitys, add 1.7 tons, lime.
Consisting of of slag:
Molten iron P content is 0.117wt%, a catch carbon C content 0.08wt%, and P content 0.018wt%, after tapping, molten steel amount is 54 tons, and finished product P content 0.025wt% reaches the front level of improving completely.
Steel-making cost variable quantity (need add 2.2 tons of metallurgy limes according to former methodology calculates)=(1.7-2.2) * 420=-210 unit; Illustrate and use this method can reduce by 3.89 yuan/t of steel-making cost.
By the quality test of steel and reality are used, steel reach specification of quality completely.
Embodiment 2: the converter steel making method of this low lime consumption is applied to 50t converter, and smelting steel grade is hard wire steel, and grade of steel is 55#.
The main component of metallurgy lime: CaO 86.2wt%, SiO
21.4wt%, activity degree 365.
The price of metallurgy lime is 420 yuan/t at present.
In converter smelting operation, totally 54 tons of molten iron and steel scrap Intake Quantitys, add 2.2 tons, lime.
Consisting of of slag:
Molten iron P content is 0.115wt%, a catch carbon C content 0.61wt%, and P content 0.012wt%, secondary catch carbon C content 0.36wt%, P content 0.009wt%, after tapping, molten steel amount is 51.7 tons, and finished product P content 0.013% reaches the front level of improving completely.
Steel-making cost variable quantity (need add 3.0 tons of metallurgy limes according to former methodology calculates)=(2.2-3.0) * 420=-336 unit; Illustrate and use this method can reduce by 6.22 yuan/t of steel-making cost.
By the quality test of steel and reality are used, steel reach specification of quality completely.
Claims (6)
1. a converter steel making method for low lime consumption, it comprises stove deslagging, turndown charging, falls rifle blowing, the tapping process of falling stove, it is characterized in that: in described upper stove deslagging process, leave the quantity of slag of 35～45wt% in stove;
Described falling in rifle converting process, in molten iron when 1340 ℃ of silicon < 0.35wt% or molten iron temperature >, opens the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and is controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1080～1120mm; Silicon > 0.55wt% and sulphur > 0.040wt% in molten iron, or during molten iron temperature≤1340 ℃, open the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and be controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1030～1070mm; Under all the other conditions, open the sprinkler height of blowing rifle position and be controlled at apart from molten iron static liquid level 1070～1080mm;
Described falling in rifle converting process, first slag material add-on is controlled at 45～55wt% of total add-on; After first slag materialization is good, liquid steel temperature is when more than 1420 ℃, and slag material is disposable adds for residue; Under all the other conditions, residue slag material adds in two batches; Lime adding amount meets tapping requirement according to molten steel blow end point.
2. the converter steel making method of low lime consumption according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described upper stove deslagging process, leave the quantity of slag of 40wt% in stove.
3. the converter steel making method of low lime consumption according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in fall in rifle converting process, first slag material add-on is controlled at the 50wt% of total add-on.
4. according to the converter steel making method of the low lime consumption described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that: in the described tapping process of falling stove, adopt slag-blocking ball tapping; Stove the inner of described steel-tapping hole tube brick, apart from converter inwall 80～120mm, forms the pit coordinating with slag-blocking ball.
5. the converter steel making method of low lime consumption according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in the described tapping process of falling stove, tapping later stage grate inclination angle is 99 °.
6. the converter steel making method of low lime consumption according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in the described tapping process of falling stove, throw at slag-blocking ball 800mm place above tap hole home position.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107779539A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 河南凤宝特钢有限公司 | A kind of method for reducing steel-making slag charge consumption |
| CN109136451A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 林州凤宝管业有限公司 | A kind of drop iron loss method |
| CN109762960A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-17 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | A kind of process control method reducing converter smelting lime consumption amount |
| CN110885913A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-03-17 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for controlling length of tubular brick at steel tapping hole and improving steel tapping rate |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107779539A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 河南凤宝特钢有限公司 | A kind of method for reducing steel-making slag charge consumption |
| CN109136451A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 林州凤宝管业有限公司 | A kind of drop iron loss method |
| CN109136451B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-07-14 | 林州凤宝管业有限公司 | Method for reducing iron loss |
| CN109762960A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-17 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | A kind of process control method reducing converter smelting lime consumption amount |
| CN110885913A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-03-17 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for controlling length of tubular brick at steel tapping hole and improving steel tapping rate |
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| CN103757173B (en) | 2015-12-30 |
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