CN103348896A

CN103348896A - Modified sandy soil with plant seeds

Info

Publication number: CN103348896A
Application number: CN2013102246938A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 易志坚; 杨庆国; 赵朝华; 谷建义; 黄锋
Original assignee: 易志坚
Current assignee: All Things Shagu Chongqing Ecological Technology Co ltd; Yi Zhijian
Priority date: 2013-06-06
Filing date: 2013-06-06
Publication date: 2013-10-16
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-06
Also published as: CN103348896B

Abstract

The invention discloses modified sandy soil with plant seeds, formed by mixing solution with a cohesive property and an adhesion property and sandy soil, wherein the solution is formed by the dissolving of water-soluble solid state organic substance into water, and adding with the plant seeds; after being mixed with the sand, the solution can bond sandy soil particles to form the modified sandy soil provided with a particle pore structure; after the moisture is evaporated, the water-soluble solid state organic substance can bond the sandy soil particles, and can be dissolved into the water again to form the solution with the cohesive property and the adhesion property to bond the sandy soil particles when in contact with the water. The modified sandy soil enables the general sandy soil to be in 'pedogenesis', and forms the particle pore structure with binding force (cohesive force); when the modified sandy soil is in the use process, substance is difficult to run off due to the characteristics of the cohesive property and the adhesion property; the sandy soil is enabled to have same properties of the stability and the storing of the moisture and the nutrient as the property of the soil, the planting can be carried out at any time by the direct adding of the plant seeds, and the modified sandy soil is an ideal measure to quickly govern desert; meanwhile the modified sandy soil can also be taken as a means to utilize other sand resources to carry out plant planting.

Description

Modified sandy soil with plant seed

Technical field

The present invention relates to Sandy Soil Resources utilization and desertification and administer the field, but particularly a kind of have the modified sandy soil earth characteristic and the direct growth plant.

Background technology

Sandy soil refer to contain husky a lot of soil.The soil is porous for sandy soil, and water-permeable and air permeable is good, but the preserve moisture and fertility ability needs improvement when cultivating.The not too suitable certain plants growth of sandy soil, in the very large situation of silt content, approximate with desert or Desertification top layer sand or desertification property of soil; Sandy soil are except naturally existing, and more is formed by desertification.

(1) desertization and harm thereof

Desertization is one of the severeest great environmental problem of face of mankind nowadays.

Whole world land surface is 1.62 hundred million square kilometres, take up an area 30.3% of the ball gross area, wherein about 1/3 (4,800 ten thousand square kilometres) are arid, semiarid Desert Area, and annual speed with 4～60,000 square kilometres enlarging, and have 43% soil being faced with the threat of desertization.

China is one of country that is subjected in the world dust storm and desertization serious harm.The numeral that China national State Forestry Administration, P.R. China announced in 2011,1,730,000 square kilometres of national sandy land areas account for 18% of territory total area, and wherein desert area has 80.89 ten thousand square kilometres, accounts for 8.4% of area.

Harm in the Desertification Process comprises that the reach of stream and sand dune causes the farmland is covered that river, reservoir, water channel stop up, and highway is buried etc., also make whole environmental degradation, loss of land resource, and the related regional economy that causes is slow, unstable society, the economic problems of waiting of society.

Desertization directly causes the land resources of the preciousness that can directly utilize sharply to reduce.Desertization directly causes land deterioration, and soil structure destroys, the nutrient loss of soil, and these recoveries need many decades, centuries, even thousands of year.The deterioration of grasslands that desertization causes reduces gradually the advantage grass seeds that is suitable for livestock edible, even completely loses, and it is short, sparse that herbage becomes, and output obviously reduces, and the grassland capacity for raising livestock on the grasslands greatly descends.Desertization causes river, reservoir, water channel to stop up, such as, 1,600,000,000 tons of the average annual sediment transports in the Yellow River wherein just have 1,200,000,000 tons from Desertification.Desertization causes railway bed, bridge, culvert to damage in some areas, make highway subgrade, road surface sand, forces highway communication to be interrupted, even makes highway discarded.Because dust storm is pressed hard, thousands of herdsman is forced to move to alien land, becomes " eco-refugee ".The data that China national State Forestry Administration, P.R. China provides shows, 20 end of the centurys, the annual speed expanded with 3436 square kilometres that desertifies just had an area that is equivalent to Beijing's administrative division size to lose value because of desertification in per 5 years, and the population that the whole nation is affected by desertization reaches 1.7 hundred million.Desertification of land, desertification not only worsen ecotope, and the productivity of land that fails threatens rivers safety, and aggravation sand is distinguished poverty.

Desertization causes the ecosystem and natural environment deterioration, and natural calamity takes place frequently, and is one of the most serious disaster of facing mankind.Natural, ecological is an integral framework that various factors restricts mutually, the poised state that will keep relative stability according to certain rule.Desertization has changed the physical features on earth's surface, land greatly, destroyed the Radiation budget balance, bring out weather and environmental change, cause the water and soil loss of Desertification more serious, green vegetation sharply reduces, ecotope sharply worsens, and rare animals and plants disappear or extinction, and diversity of organism suffers serious destruction.After climatic anomaly and the ecosystem are destroyed, cause the speed aggravation of desertization, both form vicious circle, have further worsened natural environment, make the people of Desertification lose the basis of depending on for existence, and cause other regional natural calamity.According to monitoring, if China urban air pollution owner finely ground particles, this and desertization are closely related.Dust pollution the wide geographic area people's productive life environment, and sandstorm is frequent, has affected people ' s health.

The seriousness of Deserts in China is that also the population statistics who involves is huge, it directly or indirectly affect nearly 400,000,000 people life (account for the whole world be subjected to desert and desertification puzzlement population 40%).About 64,200,000,000 yuan of every year of direct economic loss of China's desertification harm, about 2,889 hundred million yuan of every year of indirect economic loss that desertification and the harm of deriving thereof cause.If without the effectively preventing countermeasure, be in the big city such as Urumchi, Lanzhou, Xi'an, Yinchuan, Taiyuan, Huhehaote, Beijing, Tianjin of desert band, eventually can become one by one city, desert, large quantities of common people will become the eco-refugee.

(2) measure of desert treatment and achievement

Desertification Control and control of desert mode are basic identical, and fundamental way is the character according to hazards of sand storms, take various technical measures, weaken the wind speed of near surface formation, reduce the sediment discharge in the air-flow, delay or stops the sand dune reach, to reach weakening or to avoid the purpose of hazards of sand storms.For a long time, the measure of prevent and control sandy storm harm (sand control), Chinese scholars is summarized as engineering sand control (machinery) measure, controlling sediment by plant measure and chemical sand control measure three major types to it.Controlling sediment by plant measure and engineering sand control measure belong to reducing wind speed, weaken stream intensity, and chemical sand-fixing then is fixed Shamian Island, the development of control Shamian Island wind erosion process.

Vegetative sand control is called again sand consolidation with biologic, is to educate and the means such as serike by envelope, reaches the control desert, stablize the oasis, improves husky a kind of technical measures of distinguishing environmental quality and productive potential.Vegetative sand control why can tackling quicksand, the one because psammophytes has flourishing root system, can be fixed sandy soil particle around it, the in addition accumulation of dry branches and fallen leaves is conducive to organic gathering after rotting, and impels the pedogenesis of sandy soil, change sand ground character, make the drift sand trend stable; The 2nd, owing on the sand dune behind the serike, increased the roughness on earth's surface, thereby also just increased the resistance to wind, reducing wind speed weakens and to have suppressed stream movable.

The main method of vegetative sand control comprises: (1) envelope sand-base cultivation grass, protection natural vegetation; (2) afforestation is fixed the sand; (3) build desert edge wind prevention and sand resistance forest belt; (4) build the inner shelter belts of protect farmland net in oasis.

Vegetative sand control can be improved the ecological condition that vegetation covers husky territory, promotes that sandy plant community develops to good direction, forms the stable ecosystem, is conducive to increase bio-diversity.

But, the desert area drought, cold and hot drastic change, wind Da Sha is many, natural environment is very harsh, be not suitable for generally the growth of plant, therefore, the effect of vegetative sand control is subject to the restriction of desert characteristic and natural environment, particularly under the condition without irrigation, such as the arid especially time, because water deficient can make plant undergrowth or the mortality of plantation.

The sand-prevention engineering measure is to utilize weeds, crotch, and cob wall or other structure etc. are established air partition or are covered Shamian Island at drift sand, prevent Sand Movement.The engineering sand control measure has the fast characteristics of producing effects, but the protection phase is short, therefore often is applicable to the area in the traffic lines of drift sand serious harm, important industrial and mineral base, farmland and residential area, and is to adopt when protecting the sand-fixation plant growth.Main method has: hinder husky fence (high vertical sand barrier), mechanical sand barrier (establishing the straw checkerboard barrier sand-protecting barrier), clay fix the sand the husky engineering of soil, transporting (types such as lower wind-guiding, feather row and sediment transport section).

The mechanical function principle of engineering control measure all is by increasing the resistance of motion of stream, the retardance energy dissipating, make its deceleration and impel the deposition of sandy soil particle, be a kind of provisional sand proof measure, for the harm of sandy soil, only play the effect of " controlling table " of fixing the sand.

Chemical sand-fixing be active dune () spray the chemical bonding material, form cover layer on the drift sand surface, or infiltrate in the sand of top layer, the loose sand material formation bonding course (duricrust) that bonds, thereby prevent that wind-force from raising and carrying blowing of sand material, reach tackling quicksand, prevent and treat the purpose of sand damage.The general multiplex area of causing heavy economic losses in hazards of sand storms of chemical sand-fixing, (such as airport, traffic lines (railway, highway), military installations and important industrial and mining area), and normal and vegetative sand control matches, as the complementary and transitional arrangement of vegetative sand control.

The effect of chemical sand-fixing effect, not only relevant with the character (such as chemical composition, mechanical composition) of drift sand surface particles, and also relevant with physico chemical property (such as molecular structure, molecular size, viscosity, absorption affinity) of chemical sand fixing material itself etc.Chemical sand fixing material commonly used such as asphalt emulsion, oily Ye Yan ore deposit liquid, synthetic resin, synthetic rubber etc., also can use some natural organic matters, such as brown coal, peat, municipal refuse refuse, resin etc.

Asphalt emulsion is that the our times various countries are applied in the chemical sand-fixing engineering the most widely material.But emulsified asphalt in use also exists because the asphalitine in the pitch and resin are easy to by destructions such as the oxygen in the atmosphere, light, heat, moisture and microorganisms, and oil content descends.The gradually aggravation of this variation causes asphalt performance to degenerate, and raises such as softening point, and needle penetration descends, and ductility reduces, and causes to unite layer and slowly become fragile, harden, and forfeiture plasticity occurs agingly, so that last cracking and being destroyed by the wind sapping loses sand fixation.

(3) the basic difficulty of desert treatment and the problem of existence

The improvement of sandy soil is identical with aforementioned control of desert mode, and dreamboat is, can either make sandy soil, desert stable, again can growing plant, namely make " the sandy soil large tracts of land becomes the oasis ".But the particle in the sandy soil is discrete particle, and the basic difficulty of improvement is that the particle in the sandy soil moves easily, is difficult to water conservation and stores nutrient.Comprehensive present sand control measure, people are not difficult to find, and the particle that existing sandy soil and desert control method fundamentally solve far away in the sandy soil moves easily, is difficult to the water conservation retaining and stores this two hang-up of nutrient.

Existing sandy soil improvement method is identical with desert control method, to fix the sand as main, no matter adopt engineering (machinery) measure, plant measures and chemical measure, it is not from improving the attribute of sandy soil itself, only avoid the harm of moving and then causing of sandy soil, therefore on its method and mode, still belong to passive sand control, can to a certain extent or within short-term, overcome problem, but be difficult to fundamentally solve the difficult problem that sandy soil are difficult to the water conservation retaining and are difficult to store nutrient, " the sandy soil change oasis " of wishing apart from people still has larger distance.

1. engineering (machinery) measure can temporarily change the physical aspect (natural existing way) of desert, sandy soil existence, it is a kind of provisional measures for sand prevention, harm for drift sand, sandy soil, only play the effect of " controlling table " of fixing the sand, the desert is of short duration is tamed, can't reach the effect of " effecting a permanent cure ", long-time after, its true colours still can be recovered in the desert.

2. chemical sand-fixing is to adopt sand-consolidating agent to be sprayed on the surface in sandy soil, desert, and to reach the purpose of fixing the sand, sand-consolidating agent forms a kind of stable containment vessel to the constraint of sandy soil surface particles at the sandy soil particle surface, and then makes sandy soil stable, does not flow.But, chemical sand-fixing materials often adopts spray method to form, only can in the very thin scope of sandy soil, husky surface, form constraint, the constraint that the surface forms is in a single day destroyed, to be difficult to recover, and the chemical substance weather resistance has determined flowing of temporarily shutoff of its sand control sandy soil, can not reach the purpose of long-term stability, and its cost drops into high.

The earliest, the sand-consolidating agent that spray to adopt is emulsified asphalt often, after the sprinkling, sandy soil surface skining average thickness little (common 2～3cm), use the several years (common 3～5 years) after, bonding course begins fragmentation; Simultaneously, the emulsified bituminous materials of sprinkling is unfavorable to environment, and itself is not the nutrient component of plant growth, so its effect is only fixed the sand; The asphalt material aging is poor in addition, will not have sand fixation behind the break inactivation.

At present, people have developed many macromolecular sand-fixation agents, and after the sprinkling, (be generally 0.2～0.5cm), the surface retains few sandy soil surface skining thin thickness, and cracking often appears in dry rear surface; Simultaneously, after sand-consolidating agent sprays, generally need certain hour fixed, be difficult to meet aqueous dispersion or dissolving after fixed again, its water retention mainly is the part hole by the sealing top layer, the evaporation of part blocking groundwater and realize that its material itself there is no water retention; And cortex itself does not have moisture capacity, thereby can not protect and contain nutrient, can not adapt to the generally growth of plant.So, the characteristics of sand-consolidating agent and fix the sand the layer structures shape its long-term behaviour of fixing the sand be difficult to obtain basic assurance.

3. the applicable elements of vegetative sand control usually is subject to weather and environmental limit

Vegetative sand control utilizes plant top resistance sediment barrier husky, utilize the root of plant to fix the sand, can change to a certain extent micro climate and little soil environment, yet, the basic difficulty of vegetative sand control is that desert, sandy soil itself are unfavorable for plant growth, unstable and wind-driven sediment is frequent, the desert is barren such as the desert, water deficient and be difficult to water conservation, temperature adjustment etc. and all plant had a negative impact.

Wind-driven sediment can make the harm that plant is subject to deflation, sand buries and sand cuts, wind-driven sediment can solve with engineering protection measure and chemical sand-fixing, yet, desert water deficient and a basic difficult problem that is difficult to the water conservation retaining, the applicability that traditional plant is fixed the sand has been subject to very big restriction.

In sum, a kind of control of desert measure is obtained in expectation, even sandy soil have the same stability of soil, moisture capacity, gas permeability and have the function of storage nutrient, namely, make sandy soil " soil ", fundamentally solve the difficult problem that sandy soil moved, were difficult to water conservation retaining and storage nutrient easily, make its plant growth preferably, be directly used in Desert Control, sandy soil etc. after adding plant seed, and then fundamentally improve the form of sandy soil and carry out sandy soil improvement.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of modified sandy soil with plant seed, even sandy soil have the same stability of soil, moisture capacity, gas permeability and have the function of storage nutrient, namely, make sandy soil " soil ", fundamentally solve the difficult problem that sandy soil moved, were difficult to water conservation retaining and storage nutrient easily, make its plant growth preferably, be directly used in the large tracts of land sandy soil such as Desert Control behind the interpolation plant seed, and then fundamentally improve the form of sandy soil and carry out sandy soil improvement.

Modified sandy soil with plant seed of the present invention is formed after having cohesiveness and adhering solution again with behind the sandy soil mix by water-soluble formation of solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble; Described have behind cohesiveness and adhering liquid and the sandy soil mix can adhesion sandy soil particle, and the modified sandy soil of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid can stick between the sandy soil particle with liquid; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond the sandy soil particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and adhesion sandy soil particle;

Blending has plant seed in the described modified sandy soil.

The invention also discloses a kind of modified sandy soil with plant seed, by sandy soil, water, plant seed with can water-soluble solid-state organic substance mix in any order and mix and forming, behind the mix, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is dissolved in the water and forms and has cohesiveness and adhering liquid and adhesion sandy soil particle, and the modified sandy soil of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid can stick between the sandy soil particle with liquid; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond the sandy soil particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and adhesion sandy soil particle;

Blending has plant seed in the described modified sandy soil.

Further, have the water evaporation in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness liquid between the sandy soil particle of modified sandy soil after, solid mass-energy wherein is with the sandy soil particle bond together; After the described water evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness liquid, solid-state organic substance and the weight ratio between the sandy soil that energy wherein is water-soluble are 1:30-8000;

Further, have the interconnected pore between the sandy soil particle of modified sandy soil and the dead-end pore is further, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy comprises one or both and the above mixture in inorganic material, natural polymer and modified material thereof and the synthetic high polymer material;

Further, also add the natural polymer to be scattered in the described solution and one or both and above mixture in modified material and the synthetic high polymer material.

Further, also add one or both and above mixture in organic pluronic polymer, little molecule auxiliary agent, surfactant inorganic active powder or powder material, inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, solid substance and the pH value Auto-regulator;

Further, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is one or both and above mixing or the copolymer in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the modified sandy soil with plant seed of the present invention is similar to the soil of having planted plant seed, such as on stability, both had certain adhesion between soil particle when wet, the variation that particle is arranged can occur again, so the soil when wet presents viscoelastroplasticity character to a certain extent; And the node between the soil particle when doing is restrained, the restrained power of arrangement between the particle is fixed, so the soil when doing presents certain solid property, therefore, soil when no matter being wet or the soil when dried, modified sandy soil of the present invention namely has this mechanical stability; Nourish one's nature and to go up from moisture capacity, storage, can store moisture, nutrient and air between the soil particle, and can also absorb again moisture after the moisture evaporation, and the application's modified sandy soil namely has the characteristic of water conservation retaining and storage nutrient.

Modified sandy soil of the present invention is so that general sandy soil " soil ", fundamentally changed the interaction relationship between the sandy soil particle, consist of the particle pore structure with adhesion (cohesive strength), make sandy soil possess the stable and storage moisture as soil, the performance of nutrient; The modified sandy soil that the sandy soil modification is obtained absorbing moisture, storage moisture, nutrient and air and has certain mechanical stability can provide for the growth of plant solid condition, simultaneously, added seed, directly use and get final product, saving program and cost are the measures of desirable improvement sandy soil; Simultaneously, modified sandy soil also can be used as the means of husky resources such as utilizing sandy beach, sand ground, carries out planting.

Compare with other desert, the sandy soil control measures of prior art, the present patent application has the following advantages:

1. fix the sand to compare with engineering

The engineering Sand-fixing Measures has changed the roughness on drift sand formation, sandy soil surface, and the structure of not improving sandy soil self forms peace treaty bundle mode, only plays the effect that physics improves.The present invention has improved the particle composition rule of sandy soil by bonding material, in the way of restraint that has improved the sandy soil particles, make its structure have the function of water conservation, retaining, maintenance nutrient, namely, make sandy soil " soil ", this modified sandy soil is more suitable for plant growth.

2. compare with the chemical sand-fixing method

The different many aspects that are embodied in of the present invention and chemical sand-fixing.

At first, the present invention has realized " soil " of sandy soil, and the method and the effect that realize with chemical sand-fixing have fundamental difference.

The present invention's employing will have water conservation, bonding and store the constraint material of the effects such as nutrient function and the method for sandy soil mix, its effect can realize sandy soil " soil ", and can plant each Plants, and chemical sand-fixing only passes through the method for surface spraying chemical sand-fixing materials, its effect only can realize the fixed of surperficial sandy soil, prevents the movement of sandy soil.The constraint material that the present invention adopts and sandy soil under certain condition mix form modified sandy soil, the modified sandy soil that forms has moisture capacity, function is supported in storage, and the modified sandy soil that the constraint material that the present invention adopts forms all has good stability at two states of doing, wet, and the constraint meeting of formation reconfigures, changes according to the variation of dry and wet state.The present invention is the whole constraint system that changes sandy soil, and the constraint system that only strengthens the sandy soil surface is essentially different.The present invention is used for transforming sandy soil, the sandy soil of sandy soil surface 3～50cm can be made into modified sandy soil, and then makes sandy soil be difficult for flowing, and possesses simultaneously moisture and the nutrient of plant growth indispensability, reaches the purpose of basic sand control.The chemical sand-fixing measure is passed through at sandy soil surface sprinkling chemical sand-fixing materials, the constraint of infiltration (penetration depth is generally less than 3cm) the effects on surface sandy soil by sand-consolidating agent strengthens, only change the way of restraint on sandy soil surface, its degree of depth is generally more shallow, its constraint has irrecoverability, impact on natural environment is larger, and ordinary disbursements is high.The effect of cured layer itself is single, and consolidation can only be provided, and does not have water conservation, water storage, and the function of nutrient.

The intensity mechanism fundamental difference of the present invention and chemical sand-fixing.

Chemical sand-fixing is by realizing the fixed of surperficial sandy soil at sandy soil surface sprinkling chemical consolidation material, in order to play the effect of fixed whole sandy soil, surface sandy soil requirement of strength is higher, compression strength even will surpass destruction and the movement that 1MPa could really prevent sandy soil, the present invention then is in the certain thickness scope, with sandy soil with have a bonding, the constraint material of water retaining function mixes, realize the constraint each other of whole sandy soil, prevent the movement of sandy soil, how strong the constraint of sandy soil reality do not need, this point can be from coming analogy with soil, from test, after adopting the present invention, sandy soil in a way, realized " soil ", although by regulating constraint material type and consumption, the surperficial consolidation strength of sandy soil can be accomplished enough height fully, but the test and the analysis showed that, the surperficial compression strength of sandy soil can play the effect of stable sand in very little scope, can reach the chemical sand-fixing effect, realized again " soil " of sandy soil in the certain thickness scope, planting plants simultaneously realizes fixing the sand soil and eucyclic purpose again.

Compare with chemical sand-fixing, the present invention also has the restorability of destruction.

The performance of the constraint material that the present invention adopts has determined the characteristics of restorability of the destruction of modified sandy soil, the constraint material that the present invention adopts is dissolvable in water in the water, after liquid object after the dissolving and sandy soil mix form modified sandy soil, moisture wherein is difficult to forfeiture, even after the loss of water, if meet again water, the constraint material can be dissolved in the water again, again form the modified sandy soil of same purpose, and this process can be infinitely repeatedly, therefore the modified sandy soil of the present invention's formation has the restorability of destruction, but chemical sand-fixing is then fully different, the material behavior that chemical sand-fixing adopts has determined the irrecoverability that destroys, chemical sand-fixing is in order to guarantee surperficial sandy soil consolidation, often adopt the sand fixation material that intensity is higher and do not have reverse character, but surface strength is in case destroy, can't recover again on the original basis, only have again sprayed on material to recur and arrive consolidation, otherwise after surperficial sandy soil destroy, sandy soil below it are exposed to the surface again, along with time integral, original effect of fixing the sand will progressively be lost, and fix the sand purpose and effect just can't guarantee.

This shows that the method that the present invention makes modified sandy soil by mix is different from the method for fixing the sand by the infiltration of chemical sand-fixing materials in itself.

3. compare with the vegetative sand control method

The fundamental difference of the present invention and vegetative sand control is, vegetative sand control can only " be taken stopgap measures ", and the present invention fundamentally changes sandy soil character, realizes sandy soil " soil ", thereby realize vegetative sand control truly, so the present invention is only arranging of " the effecting a permanent cure " of desert, sandy soil administering.

The mode that vegetative sand control utilizes the vegetation rhizome that sandy soil are retrained plays the effect of fixing the sand, but the sandy soil self property also is not suitable for plant growth, moisture runs off easily, sandy soil also can't be stablized, sandy soil move frequently under the wind effect, plant is difficult to growth, even short-term plant growth, under adverse circumstances, if moisture can not effectively be preserved, plant also is difficult to continued growth, even withered, therefore the effect of vegetative sand control not only is subject to the restriction of local climate condition, also is difficult to the effect that realizes that for a long time it fixes the sand.The present invention then has fundamental difference with vegetative sand control.The present invention is the basic point from vegetative sand control, the performance improvement that is sandy soil is started with, realize " soil " of sandy soil, the effect that not only has stable sand also makes sandy soil have the function of water conservation, retaining, storage nutrient, makes sandy soil possess the condition of plant growth, realized the condition of the stable and plant growth of sandy soil, planting could realize really that also therefore from certain angle, the present invention is only the vegetative sand control of real meaning.

In order to contrast the effect of the present invention and vegetative sand control, the present invention has also carried out comparative trial.Take sodium carboxymethylcellulose as having bonding in the modified sandy soil by method of the present invention, the material of water retention, form thus modified sandy soil, with modified sandy soil and moistening common sandy soil simultaneously making on outdoor crushed stone, making thickness is 15cm, and the surface difference multiple vegetable seed of spreading and grass-seed, after 1 day, common sandy soil become dry, the modified sandy soil that the present invention adds plant seed still kept wetting state after some days, and under the prerequisite of not watering, the grass-seed on modified sandy soil surface and vegetable seed germinate, thirst but wither again after the grass-seed on common sandy soil surface and vegetable seed germinate, the plant of planting on the modified sandy soil was once watered later in interval 10-30 days can satisfy the water demand of plant, sapling on the modified sandy soil grew up through 2 years, reached about two meters, the tomato of planting on the modified sandy soil and dish seedling can normally eat, and be suitable with planting plants growing way in the soil.Plant after 1 year, root system of plant is netted with the sandy soil connection, with the outward appearance of soil, character all without difference, and the plant that rot former years can be described as again nutrient, sandy soil are further stable, the plantation effect of modified sandy soil forms benign cycle, and sand fixation is also really feasible, economical, and also making sandy soil become fertile soil becomes possibility.

4. compare with other method: such as water-absorbing resins;

Super absorbent resin is to contain the strongly hydrophilic group, the macromolecular material that usually has certain degree of cross linking.Water insoluble and the organic solvent of super absorbent resin, water absorbing capacity are generally the hundreds of of own wt to several thousand times.Swelling is hydrogel after this material suction, and water also is difficult for extruding behind the pressurized; Behind the resin drying, can repeated multiple timesly absorb water, the moisture overwhelming majority of its absorption can slowly discharge, for the plant absorbing utilization.

The constraint material that super absorbent resin and the present invention adopt has essential distinction.Constraint material of the present invention has cohesiveness and adhesiveness, has water-solublely, relies on the cohesiveness of constraint material and adhesiveness to form with sandy soil and retrains.This constraint meeting presents different character along with the change of doing, wetting, and constraint also can reconfigure.

5. the present invention has significant economy, exploitativeness and the feature of environmental protection.

At first, the modified sandy soil that the present invention forms is compared with existing sand fixing technology, and its disposable investment construction cost has certain economic benefit.The constraint material that the present invention adopts can form the modified sandy soil that meets the demands under the minimum condition of volume, as takes some can water-soluble solid-state organic substance to comprise one or both and above mixture in natural polymer and modification solid matter and the synthetic high polymer solid matter; As: one or both in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether and above mixing or copolymer, the constraint material only accounts for several one thousandths of sandy soil part by weight, and material is chemical materials commonly used, material cost is also lower, therefore in principle, material cost is also lower, and construction method is also comparatively simple, only adopt stirring to wait common process, machinery, labour cost is also lower, so comprehensive method of investment cost will have considerable economy.Take sodium carboxymethylcellulose as example, add 20kg sodium carboxymethylcellulose material in 1 cubic metre of water, the market unit price is 10 yuan/kg; About 4 cubic metres of correctability sandy soil are considered 100 yuan of artificial, machine costs, and then modified sandy soil is 1 cubic metre, cost is 75 yuan, by the thick sandy soil surface that is layed in of 10cm, 1 cubic metre of modified sandy soil can be laid 10 square metres, and then the disposable input cost of modified sandy soil improvement sandy soil is 7.5 yuan/square metre.

Secondly, different from conventional tune fixing method, the husky body of the modification that the present invention forms has recyclability, behind the investment construction, the husky body of modification can be planted each Plants, modified sandy soil, husky physical efficiency are stablized root system of plant, and the root system of plant conversely stable sand, husky body, and the rhizome that rots, leaf etc. can be used as again nutrient, for husky structural reform appearance becomes benign cycle, the desert will really become available class land resources, have the advantages that once invest long-term gain, thus its indirectly economy with inestimable.

Exploitativeness of the present invention is stronger.It is existing chemical industry common used material that the present invention adopts material, be chemical industry material commonly used such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and cellulose ether, production method is simple, feasible, cost is lower, the construction method of the present invention's employing is simple in addition, master operation is the preparation of solution and the mix of modified sandy soil, so the present invention is easy to grasp, and implementation is stronger.

The present invention also has the feature of environmental protection, and constraint material of the present invention can adopt the material that is rich in nutrition, and the growth that itself can be plant provides necessary nutrient, also can add therein the necessary nutrient of plant growth.The present invention can reconfigure, change according to doing of sandy soil is wet the constraint of sandy soil, has restorability.Constraint material of the present invention adopts material commonly used, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, itself also is food additives, environmentally safe, and expense is low, and is easy to implement.

In summary it can be seen that the technical measures of present patent application have realized sandy soil soil from principle, can fundamentally play the effect of sand control soil, certainly, the modified sandy soil with plant seed of the present invention also can be used for control of desert.

Embodiment

Modified sandy soil with plant seed of the present invention, by plant seed, sandy soil and have cohesiveness and adhering liquid mix after form; Described have cohesiveness and adhering liquid and form by can water-soluble solid-state organic substance being dissolved in the water; Described have behind cohesiveness and adhering liquid and the sandy soil mix can adhesion sandy soil particle, and the modified sandy soil of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid can stick between the sandy soil particle with liquid; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid, material is wherein met and can again be dissolved in the water behind the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering liquid and adhesion sandy soil particle;

Certainly can select different hybrid modes, such as by plant seed, sandy soil, water with can water-soluble solid-state organic substance mix in any order and mix and forming, behind the mix, still have subordinate's feature: the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is dissolved in the water and forms and has cohesiveness and adhering liquid and adhesion sandy soil particle, and the modified sandy soil of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid can stick between the sandy soil particle with liquid; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid, material is wherein met and can again be dissolved in the water behind the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering liquid and adhesion sandy soil particle.

Two kinds of modified sandy soils do not have essential distinction, and regardless of order by merging, the final material that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid that forms has thickening property and water-soluble, could obtain cohesiveness and adhering liquid, realizes goal of the invention; General Requirements have the characteristics that the modified sandy soil that forms behind cohesiveness and adhering liquid and sandy soil (the order by merging is not limit) mix has plastically deformable or form rarer state and the moisture evaporation after have plasticity.

In the present embodiment, have the water evaporation in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness liquid between the sandy soil particle of modified sandy soil after, substance wherein is with the sandy soil particle bond together; After the described water evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness liquid, solid-state organic substance and the weight ratio between the sandy soil that energy wherein is water-soluble are 1:30-8000; Formed modified sandy soil can be realized the modification of sandy soil better in this proportion, and its characteristic more can press close to be fit to the soil of plant growth.

In the present embodiment, have interconnected pore and dead-end pore between the sandy soil particle of modified sandy soil; Modified sandy soil porosity of the present invention can be greater than the porosity of discrete sandy soil, also can be greater than the interconnected pore rate of normal soil, and husky body has soil characteristics; This hole can be stored moisture, nutrient and air, makes it have more soil characteristics, can adapt to plant growth.

In the present embodiment, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy comprises one or both and the above mixture in inorganic material, natural polymer and modified material thereof and the synthetic high polymer material, as: one or both in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether and above mixing or copolymer; Take the low-cost and solid matter that plays expectation function as main; Can be not limited to above-mentioned listed solid matter by water-soluble solid-state organic substance, have the solid matter identical or close with listed solid matter character and all can realize purpose, prerequisite be final form have cohesiveness and adhering solution, and this solid matter has thickening property and water-soluble in water, could realize goal of the invention, not repeat them here.

In the present embodiment, also add the natural polymer to be scattered in the described solution and one or both and above mixture in modified material and the synthetic high polymer material.

In the present embodiment, also add one or both and above mixture in organic pluronic polymer, little molecule auxiliary agent, surfactant, inorganic active powder or powder material, inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, solid substance and the pH value Auto-regulator; The organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant can be selected such as glycerine, pentaerythrite, triethanolamine, the alkyl carboxylate, alkyl sulfate, alkylphosphonic, alkylsulfonate, alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl uncle ammonium salt, the secondary ammonium salt of alkyl, the alkyl tert ammonium salt, alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, beet alkali surface activator, amino acid type surfactant, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine, polyoxyethylene alkylamide, EPE polyol EPE etc.; Improve or regulate the cohesiveness of liquid in modified sandy soil, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability etc.; Such as inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or the powder material is optional selects such as diatomite, bentonite, white carbon, flyash, talcum powder, calcium powder and other inorganic powder etc., improve or regulate the grating of modified sandy soil or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of modified sandy soil; Solid substance can be some entity foreign material that carry in the sandy soil, and perhaps the later stage adds, such as rigidity or flexible fiber, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., stability, crack resistance or the toughness of improving or regulating modified sandy soil; The pH value Auto-regulator, such as adding acid, alkaline Auto-regulator, such as lime, Cosan, ferrous sulfate powder, vinegar liquid, pine soil, the material of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other improvement or adjusting modified sandy soil Acidity of Aikalinity.

The organic polymer auxiliary agent that adds, little molecule auxiliary agent, surfactant, inorganic active powder or powder material, inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, solid substance and pH value Auto-regulator are not limited to above-mentioned listed material, have the material identical or close with listed physical property and all can realize purpose, prerequisite is that the soil characteristic for modified sandy soil has facilitation, does not repeat them here.

Certainly, also can add water-absorbing resins, modified starch, modified cellulose, polyacrylate and copolymer analog thereof, polyacrylamide and copolymer analog thereof, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethenoxy ether class, soybean protein class, silk-fibroin class, pectin, alginic acid, shitosan and modifier thereof, the compound of the blend of super absorbent resin, super absorbent resin and inorganic matter gel etc., suction and the storage capacity of raising modified sandy soil; Perhaps add fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and composite organic-inorganic fertilizer, such as the binary compound fertilizer of organic composite fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer or two-nutrient compound fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus, nitrogen potassium and phosphorus potassium and nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium etc., increase character, the level etc. of increasing soil fertility of modified sandy soil, all can improve the combination property of modified sandy soil, be suitable for plant growth.

Experiment shows, can repeatedly be dissolved in the water and in water, have thickening property and water-soluble, then can form the material with cohesiveness and adhesiveness liquid has multiple, do not repeat them here, as: one or both in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether and above mixing or copolymer; After being dissolved in the water, not only can be in larger volume (moisture evaporation after solid content) situation (be 5～10% even 10～20% or 20% or more such as mass percent) make and have cohesiveness and adhering liquid, and can be in the situation of less volume, such as below 5%, even below 1%, make and have cohesiveness and adhering liquid.Also can add some auxiliary agent during use, further improve or improve cohesiveness and the adhesiveness of liquid; Inorganic substances and organic substance also can be composite, and we are desired to have cohesiveness and adhering liquid to obtain.

With sandy soil with described have that cohesiveness and adhering liquid (containing nutrient) mix and mix after, just can form and have modified sandy soil soil property, particle+constraint+hole (also can be sandy soil, water and solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble mixes also mix and form by different order); When wet, moisture and nutrient are stored in the liquid and liquid sticks in the hole between the sandy soil particle, so modified sandy soil not only has the character that the water conservation storage is supported, and have viscoelastroplasticity character the soil that picture wets; When dried, particle between the water-soluble fixed rear bonding modified sandy soil of solid-state organic substance of the energy that originally was dissolved in the water, so, modified sandy soil has the character of the porous solid as the soil of doing, and, described material after fixed can absorb moisture and again be dissolved in the water, so modified sandy soil also has the absorption moisture ability of (containing nutrient).

In the modified sandy soil structure of particle+constraint+hole, because the constraint that makes the sandy soil particle produce adhesion (cohesive strength) (is liquid when moisture is large as the material that adds originally, moisture hour changes solid gradually into), behind the material filling pore, the hole of modified sandy soil can be less than the hole of the discrete sandy soil before unmodified, yet, because behind sandy soil and the formed liquid mix of material, no longer be directly to contact completely between the sandy soil particle, described material is arranged between the contact point, so that the increase of the spacing between the sandy soil (and after the evaporation of the moisture in the formed liquid of material, the solid content of material itself is less, its ratio that occupies hole is little), therefore, variation along with " pine " " tightly " that contacts between the particle, the hole of modified sandy soil also can greater than in addition be far longer than the hole of the discrete sandy soil before the modification, to sum up, the hole of modified sandy soil both can less than, also can be greater than the hole of the discrete sandy soil before the modification, experiment shows, the porosity of modified sandy soil can change between 10～80%, this porosity ranges is not only greater than discrete sandy soil, and greater than the soil of nearly all type, this just shows, we can by the porosity of different proportionings and structure adjusting modified sandy soil, make sandy soil contain the moisture of our expectation, nutrient and air.Moreover, in the particle pore structure of modified sandy soil, both had the interconnected pore, and also had the dead-end pore, wherein the interconnected pore rate is 5-70%, and modified sandy soil can be by interconnected pore and the outside exchange that water and air occurs.

In the structure owing to particle+constraint+hole in the modified sandy soil, the restraining force of constraint material (material) and the porosity of modified sandy soil can be regulated, so, after the moisture evaporation in the modified sandy soil, the intensity of the porous solid as dried earth that forms can be regulated in a very large scope, intensity is when 10Kpa is following, modified sandy soil is the solid that relatively loosens, intensity is between 10～50Kpa the time, and modified sandy soil is preferably loose solid of moulding, after intensity surpasses 50Kpa, modified sandy soil toughens gradually, harder modified sandy soil in order to obtain doing can by regulating constraint and porosity, reach more than the 200Kpa its intensity.

The modified sandy soil that is become by sandy soil, be exactly a kind of " soil " at mechanical state, have rheology (when wetting) and solid (when doing) two states, and, " soil " of the solid state of doing can be converted into " soil " of wet rheology after absorbing moisture, and " soil " of wet rheology can be converted into " soil " of dried solid state after the moisture evaporation, by regulating constraint and the space between the particle, we can regulate rheology (such as viscoelastroplasticity) or the solid property of modified sandy soil this " soil ", obtain from " sandy soil " to " loam " to various " clay ", " soil " of suitable variety classes plant growth; Therefore, sand is become " soil " by modified sandy soil of the present invention, for utilizing the mode of sandy soil, desert.

Difference according to modification purpose, construction requirement or economy, can prepare low viscous liquid (viscosity 100mpas is following), also can prepare moderately viscous liquid (viscosity is between 100mpas～5000mpas), also configurable full-bodied liquid (viscosity is greater than 5000mpas) forms modified sandy soil with the sandy soil mix.

After preparation forms modified sandy soil, because modified sandy soil and the extraneous exchange that moisture can occur, so, the water content of liquid can change in the modified sandy soil, and then, the viscosity of the liquid in the modified sandy soil except relevant with the material behavior of the material that adds and, also the variation with water content is relevant, but after the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness liquid, the solid content of material is geostationary, so we can with the weight ratio of the material that added and sandy soil as controlled quentity controlled variable, determine the volume of described material.Difference according to material character, the kind with the material in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid and the volume that add in the modified sandy soil can be selected in a larger scope, after the moisture evaporation, the material that adds and the weight ratio of modified sandy soil be in the 1:30-8000 scope time, and we all can obtain requiring and modified sandy soil that expectation obtains based on different modification purposes.

The modified sandy soil that obtains based on the particle constraint principles, its constraint not only can produce adhesion between the sandy soil particle, and can between sandy soil and other material, produce adhesion, so when being doped with an amount of gravel, plant roots, stem, skin, animal wastes, corpse residue etc. in the sandy soil, can not change the character that has soil characteristics on its main body, so, method based on the particle constraint, we not only can transform simple sand or sandy soil, and can transform the wasteland that husky and other material are contained in Gobi desert etc.; Utilize this character, we in addition can add rigidity or flexible fiber, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., stability, crack resistance or the toughness of improving or regulating modified sandy soil; Except can adding the various fertilizer that can be dissolved in the water, nutrient, other fertilizer also can be constrained in the modified sandy soil, for plant growth provides nutrition; We can also add water-absorbing resins, acid-base accommodation material etc., improve the soda acid performance of suction, water retention property or the modified sandy soil of modified sandy soil.

Specific embodiments of the invention:

Embodiment one:

Can select polyvinyl alcohol by water-soluble solid-state organic substance;

With polyvinyl alcohol and water according to the weight ratio of the 5:100 formation solution that stirs;

Get the 1000kg sandy soil, get again the solution 200kg that polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the water and forms, in sandy soil, add solution and an amount of corn seed, then mix and stir the formation modified sandy soil; Polyvinyl alcohol in the modified sandy soil and the weight ratio of sandy soil are 1:105.0;

The modified sandy soil that will contain corn seed paves outdoor, the addition of corn seed is aequum under the common planting conditions, the about 10cm of paving thickness, modified sandy soil moisture is preserved good, evaporation discharge is less, after 1 week, and corn seed germination under field conditions (factors), and gradually growth, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation; Certainly, need in the modified sandy soil to add necessary nutriment, such as various fertilizer.

Get partially modified sandy soil, take the measures such as oven dry, make its surperficial dehydration after, the modified sandy soil surface can be bonded to piece, if water is sprinkled upon the modified sandy soil surface after the dehydration, the material in the modified sandy soil is with moisture absorption again, sandy soil are again plastic wetting state.

In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected pentaerythrite, triethanolamine and alkyl carboxylate, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in modified sandy soil, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected diatomite, improves or the grating of adjusting modified sandy soil or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.

Embodiment two:

Can select hydroxypropyl methylcellulose by water-soluble solid-state organic substance;

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and water stirred according to the weight ratio of 0.2:100 form solution;

Get the 1000kg sandy soil, get Gonak 190kg again, sandy soil, solution, an amount of grass-seed are mixed and stir, form modified sandy soil, the material hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in the modified sandy soil and the weight ratio of sandy soil are 1:2637;

The modified sandy soil that will contain grass-seed paves outdoor, the addition of grass-seed is the usual conditions required amounts of green grass of sowing, the about 10cm of paving thickness, modified sandy soil moisture is preserved good, evaporation discharge is less, after 1 week, grass-seed is germinateed, and gradually growth, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation; Certainly, need in the modified sandy soil to add necessary nutriment, such as various fertilizer.

In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkyl tert ammonium salt, alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, beet alkali surface activator, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in modified sandy soil, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected flyash and talcum powder, improves or the grating of adjusting modified sandy soil or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.

Embodiment three:

Can select sodium carboxymethylcellulose by water-soluble solid-state organic substance;

With sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water according to the weight ratio of the 1:100 formation solution that stirs;

Get the 1000kg sandy soil, get again carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution 210kg, sandy soil, carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution and an amount of Chinese cabbage seed are mixed and stir, form modified sandy soil, the material sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the modified sandy soil and the weight ratio of sandy soil are: 1:481.0;

The modified sandy soil that will contain Chinese cabbage seed paves outdoor, and the about 10cm of paving thickness, the addition of vegetable seed are amount required under the common planting conditions; Modified sandy soil moisture is preserved good, and evaporation discharge is less, and modified sandy soil outward appearance and soil are similar, after 1 week, vegetable seed is germinateed, and gradually growth, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation; Certainly, need in the modified sandy soil to add necessary nutriment, such as various fertilizer.

In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, and the organic polymer auxiliary agent polyacrylamide etc.) etc., little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, beet alkali surface activator, amino acid type surfactant improves or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in modified sandy soil, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersed, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming is or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected bentonite and white carbon, improves or the grating of adjusting modified sandy soil or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.

Embodiment four

Sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water are dissolved formation solution according to the weight ratio of 2.5:100;

Get the 1000kg sandy soil, get again carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution 173kg, sandy soil, carboxymethylcellulose sodium solution and an amount of peanut seed are mixed and stir, form modified sandy soil, the sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the modified sandy soil and the weight ratio of sandy soil are: 1:237.0;

The modified sandy soil that will contain peanut seed paves outdoor, and the addition of peanut seed is amount required under the common planting conditions, the about 10cm of paving thickness; Modified sandy soil moisture is preserved good, and evaporation discharge is less, and modified sandy soil outward appearance and soil are similar, after 1 week, peanut seed is germinateed, and gradually growth, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation; Certainly, need in the modified sandy soil to add necessary nutriment, such as various fertilizer.

In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkyl uncle ammonium salt, the secondary ammonium salt of alkyl, alkyl tert ammonium salt, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in modified sandy soil, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected diatomite and bentonite, improves or the grating of adjusting modified sandy soil or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.

Embodiment five

Can select methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose by water-soluble solid-state organic substance;

To form methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose composite solution after the weight ratio dissolving according to 0.4:0.7:100 of methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water;

Get the 1000kg sandy soil, get again the solution 246kg that methylcellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are compounded to form, sandy soil, solution and an amount of grass-seed are mixed and stir, the material methylcellulose in the modified sandy soil and the weight ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sandy soil are: 1:373.6;

The modified sandy soil that will contain grass-seed paves outdoor, and the about 10cm of paving thickness, the addition of grass-seed are the usual conditions required amounts of green grass of sowing; Modified sandy soil moisture is preserved good, and modified sandy soil outward appearance and soil are similar, after 1 week, grass-seed is germinateed, and gradually growth, this plant and the indifference of growth final result and soil plantation.Certainly, need in the modified sandy soil to add necessary nutriment, such as various fertilizer.

In the present embodiment, also adding following material does experiment in addition: also interpolation can be scattered in inorganic matter in the water and organic matter (such as the material that can disperse and swell in the water, comprise starch, polyacrylamide etc.) etc. and organic polymer auxiliary agent, little molecule auxiliary agent and surfactant, present embodiment has been selected alkylsulfonate, alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl uncle ammonium salt, improve or the cohesiveness of regulator solution in modified sandy soil, adhesiveness, toughness, levelability, dispersiveness, water-soluble, water imbibition, foaminess, defoaming or/and construction workability; Inorganic active powder or powder material and inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, present embodiment has been selected diatomite and bentonite, improves or the grating of adjusting modified sandy soil or suction, water conservation, the toughness reinforcing performance of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics; Also add some flexible fibers, fabric, rattan, film tape, sheet etc., improved or regulated stability, crack resistance or the toughness of modified sandy soil; Acquired results is compared with not adding these materials, has better soil characteristics.

Embodiment six

But can select hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and dispersed substance cationic starch by water-soluble solid-state organic substance;

But hydroxypropyl methylcellulose dispersed substance cationic starch and the water weight ratio according to 0.2:2:100 is stirred, and heat that to form composite solution after the gelatinization for subsequent use;

Get the 1000kg sandy soil, get again composite solution 231kg, sandy soil, solution and an amount of wheat seed are mixed and stir, form modified sandy soil, alkaline soluble materials hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in the modified sandy soil and the weight ratio of sandy soil are: 1:2168.7, and the total material hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in the modified sandy soil and the weight ratio of cationic starch and sandy soil are: 1:201.1;

The modified sandy soil that will contain wheat seed paves outdoor, and the about 10cm of paving thickness, the addition of wheat seed are amount required under the common planting conditions; Modified sandy soil moisture is preserved good, and modified sandy soil outward appearance and soil are similar, wheat seed germinating after 1 week, and gradually growth, and growth is better; Certainly, need in the modified sandy soil to add necessary nutriment, such as various fertilizer.

In above-described embodiment, along with the evaporation of moisture, modified sandy soil porosity and interconnected pore rate are in excursion, and interconnected pore rate scope is 5～70%, and generally speaking, the interconnected pore rate is compared with the husky body of the modification of equal proportioning 15～50%, and porosity is slightly little.

In above-described embodiment, also plantation has the multiple dish seedlings such as tomato, cucumber, also can plant flowers, trees etc., can plant the rice shoots such as corn, capsicum equally, and growing way is all better, and is the same with the soil planting effect, but the result and edible also such as the tomato of plantation, cucumber.

In above-described embodiment, having enumerated in the modified sandy soil with wider scope can solid-state organic substance soluble in water and the weight ratio of sandy soil, after a large number of experiments show that again, energy solid-state organic substance soluble in water is different from the weight ratio of sandy soil, form modified sandy soil and also have different, when can solid-state organic substance soluble in water (material is determined) and sandy soil weight ratio more hour, the water conservation effect suitably reduces, when can solid-state organic substance soluble in water the weight ratio of (material is determined) and sandy soil when larger, the water conservation effect is better, but, what adapt therewith is, adhesion strength between the sandy soil particle also increases with the rising of the weight ratio of sandy soil along with solid-state organic substance (material is determined), along with solid-state organic substance (material is determined) reduces with the reduction of the weight ratio of sandy soil; When can solid-state organic substance soluble in water and sandy soil weight ratio when reaching 1:8000, modified sandy soil still has certain water retention, still has adhesion strength between the sandy soil particle, but decreases, and can growing plant, but must suitably water to guarantee growth conditions; And when can solid-state organic substance soluble in water and sandy soil weight increase to 1:30, adhesion strength is larger between the sandy soil particle of modified sandy soil, the water conservation effect is better, but itself has the phenomenon of hardening modified sandy soil, it is very obvious to be used for sand-fixing effect, certainly, also can be used for plant growth, the modified sandy soil that just has the phenomenon that hardens is unfavorable for the growth of root system of plant; That is to say, in according to the present invention to requirement that can solid-state organic substance physical property soluble in water, consumption that can solid-state organic substance soluble in water fixes the sand relatively at most, water conservation, sandy soil particle bond intensity are better, otherwise can reduce, and above-mentioned scope not merely is 1:8000 to 1:30, also can suitably reduce or increase, the modified sandy soil that forms all has institute expect or foreseeable effect, is similar to soil and then need adopts OK range for plant growth but be suitable in sandy soil ground or the desert also formation; Certainly, same proportioning the present invention compares with the husky body of modification should have higher cohesiveness and moisture capacity.

Above-described embodiment can not all alternative materials of limit, also have much such as the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy in can dissolved water, do not repeat them here, and all can realize goal of the invention, certainly, and take the low-cost and material that plays expectation function as main.

Certainly, the order by merging of said components can not limit protection scope of the present invention, can and can water-soluble solid-state organic substance mix in any order and mix and forming sandy soil, water, behind the mix, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is dissolved in the water and forms and has cohesiveness and adhering solution and adhesion sandy soil grain and form the modified sandy soil with particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution can stick between the sandy soil grain with solution; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering solution, material is wherein met and can again be dissolved in the water behind the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and adhesion sandy soil grain; And, prove that by experiment the result of gained there is no obvious change.

On this modified sandy soil, during planting plants, whole modes of planting plants in the prior art soil be can adopt, membrane curing, booth growth comprised, to resist outside abominable natural environment; In a word, do not have the internal difference with planting plants in soil, do not repeat them here.

Contrast shows, have after cohesiveness and adhering liquid and sandy soil mix form modified sandy soil described, the structure sheaf that paves again and form in common husky body (sandy soil) surface, the superficial layer that forms with described liquid being sprayed directly on common husky body (sandy soil) surface has the difference of essence, is embodied in:

The first, realize fundamental difference on the principle.

From the composition rule of particulate matter, modified sandy soil is to be based upon on the basis of " particle constraint " principle that the inventor proposes, and is a kind of thinking of brand-new sandy soil " soil ".

Constraint type between the common sandy soil particle is " contact ", its contact point only exists contact and frictional force, and without any the node adhesion with in conjunction with moment (such as node pulling force and moment), therefore, the sandy soil particle can only be by contact and frictional force balancing gravity and external force, its node can not bearing tension and moment, otherwise sandy soil sudden change that particle arranges just will occur and unstability.

And after will having cohesiveness and adhering liquid and sandy soil mix formation modified sandy soil, restraining force between its particle node is " adhesion ", it can either produce the restraining tensile force that separates between the opposing particle, can produce again the restraint moment that the opposing particle rotates, simultaneously, it can also produce node pressure and frictional force, therefore, it can limit all degree of freedom of particle, but this restriction is again limited, the particle node can also extend when producing constraint reaction, rotate and slip, therefore, its constraint type and common sandy soil fundamental difference, that is to say that modified sandy soil both can be resisted external force, again can be under external force limited and stably motion.On the other hand, in the modified sandy soil, being constrained to of sandy soil whole interior " adheres to constraint ", this constraint is to form after having cohesiveness and adhering liquid and sand mix, on microscopical structure, this constraint is behind each sandy soil particle surface uniform fold one deck adhesion layer, contact again between the particle and form, therefore, this constraint has universal property and restorability, that is to say, all can form " adhering to constraint " in the arbitrfary point contact between the particle, and after separating, again contact between the particle, this binding feature can be recovered.Therefore, modified sandy soil has all viscoelastroplasticity character of even isotropic of macroscopic view, and is the same with the mechanical characteristic of the soil that wets.

In case after the evaporation of the moisture in the modified sandy soil, " adhering to constraint " just will become " fixed constraint ", namely, space arrangement between the sandy soil particle will be fixed, and sandy soil can bearing load, has some strength, show as the character of porous solid, just as the soil of doing.Simultaneously, as previously mentioned, behind the chance water, " fixed constraint " becomes " adhering to constraint " again, and sandy soil become the viscoelastroplasticity body by solid.(when still wetting when no matter doing) has connection, open space all the time in the modified sandy soil, with the exchange of external world's generation moisture, nutrient and air.

But, if only have cohesiveness and adhering spray liquid on husky body (sandy soil) surface with described, only can form one deck adhesive film on husky body (sandy soil) surface, the liquid of infiltration under adhesive film is very limited, and after this layer adhesive film do, just become solid film, obviously, this method itself is not based on " particle constraint " principle and draws, with the thinking fundamental difference of sandy soil " soil " yet.Be sprayed on adhesion layer (being thin layer after solidifying) and infiltration liquid in the very thin scope under adhesion layer thereof on husky body (sandy soil) surface, only formed constraint in husky surface, this constraint does not have all even isotropic nature by strong to weak, comes in and goes out very large with the character of soil; Adhesion layer (thin layer after the curing) resides in sand (sandy soil) particle surface, can be with the hole complete closed between husky (sandy soil) particle, this with have be communicated with, the modified sandy soil fundamental difference of open space, also with the thinking fundamental difference of soil; Constrain in that modified sandy soil is inner evenly, equivalence is had an effect in the modified sandy soil, with the property class of natural soils seemingly, only have an effect near surface and spray layer, do not have the characteristic of natural soils.

The second, fundamental difference on the architectural characteristic.

On the structure dimension, the modified sandy soil that forms behind the mix, its physical dimension can be regulated as required, and paving thickness is changeable, when structural thickness is large, can plant the tall and big plant of plant, and structural thickness hour can be planted the short and small plant of plant; And the thickness that sprays layer only forms near surface, and its physical dimension is difficult to regulate as required.

On intensity and the wear properties, the modified sandy soil that forms behind the mix, what form is plate body, has the mechanical characteristic of plate, in the relatively little situation of the strength of materials, still possesses higher bearing capacity, reach the purpose of fixing the sand, and, the cracking of plate body or destruction, do not destroy the effect that it fixes the sand, consistent with stability with the intensity performance principle of soil layer; Simultaneously, modified sandy soil in its thickness range, the viscoelastroplasticity body when no matter being wet, or the porous solid when doing, all can either stablize the root system of plant, can adapt to again growth and the development of root system, consistent with the mechanical characteristic of soil curing plant and the development of adaptation root system of plant.But, spray the skin layer that forms, have the mechanical characteristic (very large with the characteristic difference of plate) of film, must guarantee enough intensity, just can reach the purpose of fixing the sand, the top layer is in case destroy, just be difficult to retrain the husky body under the top layer, its effect of fixing the sand just is difficult to performance; Simultaneously, not having additional constraint between the husky body particle under the surperficial top layer, still is the husky body of nature, can not stablize root system of plant, with the characteristic fundamental difference of soil.

On pore characteristic, the even pore distribution of modified sandy soil, have be communicated with and with the open space that the external world contacts, the exchange of moisture, nutrient and air can occur with the external world, and sprays the skin layer that forms, sealed husky body (sandy soil) and extraneous contacting.

At water conservation, on water storage and the evaporation characteristic, at first, the water conservation of modified sandy soil, the water storage principle is water directly to be stored in have in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid (as previously mentioned, removing solid matter in the liquid all is water), be difficult to evaporation and loss, water conservation with soil, Water storage characteristics is very similar, its water conservation, storage capacity is very strong, and this ability can be regulated in a larger scope, can adapt to the growth of various plant, the enforcement in Chongqing shows, by regulating the modified sandy soil of the high storage capacity that match ratio obtains, can rice cultivation and flourish, until gather in the crops full paddy; Secondly, the evaporation characteristic of modified sandy soil is also similar with soil, and after the moisture evaporation in the surperficial grains of sand, inner moisture does not directly contact with extraneous, and slow evaporation keeps reasonably an evaporation and water storage gradient from top to bottom.Yet, spray the skin layer that forms, its water conservation, the characteristic of water storage and evaporation and modified sandy soil fundamental difference, just sprayed and resided in water in the skin layer, only can be penetrated into scope very little below the top layer, be easy to evaporate and form solid film with external world sealing, at this moment, film itself is without storage capacity, and its water storage principle is: utilize the free moisture in the husky body (sandy soil), Yin Wendu is uneven in temperature and evaporate, cohesion, the complex process that is hampered, finally make it rest near zone, film below, the water storage principle fundamental difference of this water storage principle and soil and modified sandy soil, the moisture of storage is few, only can adapt to the growth of minority plant.

The 3rd, the plantation of plant is different with growth characteristics.

At first, on the plantation characteristic of seed, implement contrast and show that for modified sandy soil, seed can be embedded in the modified sandy soil, or be sown in the modified sandy soil surface, different according to the germination characteristic of seed, various seeds all can germinating growth; And for the method for surface sprinkling adhesion layer, after various seeds are buried or broadcasted sowing, must spray thin layer to adhere to cover layer, still because the following moisture of surface coating is few, the seed that part is imbedded do not germinate or germination poor; Simultaneously because surface coating can seal seed (and moisture evaporates) after solidifying, the seed that broadcasts sowing after covering thin layer, the same situation that appearance is not germinateed or germination is poor.Therefore, modified sandy soil has the character of soil, seed sprouting preferably.

On the plantation characteristic of plant, implementing contrast shows, modified sandy soil can be planted each Plants, according to the difference of modified sandy soil thickness, can plant the short and small herbaceous plant of plant, also can plant the tall and big herbaceous plant of plant, also can plant shrub, and, can stablize in the situation of root system of plant at local thickness and the volume of modified sandy soil, also can plant high megaphanerophyte; But, after forming thin layer at spraying liquid and adhering to cover layer, the especially evaporation of the moisture in the thin layer cover layer and after forming solid thin-film layer, serike is that to destroy thin layer be cost, therefore, behind the sprinkling thin layer cover layer, any plant hardly suits to plant again; And serike is sprayed adhesion layer, few of real value afterwards again.

On the growth characteristics of plant, the general well-grown of the plant in the modified sandy soil is with general soil and indifference, difference according to modified sandy soil thickness, modified sandy soil can the short and small herbaceous plant of growth plant, but the also tall and big herbaceous plant of growth plant, and shrub and arbor also can grow, but, only spray in the situation about covering at thin layer, the general growing state of plant is relatively poor, and, the sand that the thin layer cover layer is following is difficult to the tall and big herbaceous plant of firm plant (such as corn etc.) and trees.

Need to prove, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. modified sandy soil with plant seed is characterized in that: formed again with behind the sandy soil mix after having cohesiveness and adhering solution by water-soluble formation of solid-state organic substance that can be water-soluble; Described have behind cohesiveness and adhering liquid and the husky mix can adhesion sandy soil particle, and the modified sandy soil of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid can stick between the sandy soil particle with liquid; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond the sandy soil particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and adhesion sandy soil particle;

Blending has plant seed in the described modified sandy soil.

2. modified sandy soil with plant seed, it is characterized in that: by sandy soil, water, plant seed with can water-soluble solid-state organic substance mix in any order and mix and forming, behind the mix, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is dissolved in the water and forms and has cohesiveness and adhering liquid and adhesion sandy soil particle, and the modified sandy soil of formation is the particle pore structure; The described moisture that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid can stick between the sandy soil particle with liquid; After the described moisture evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhering liquid, the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of energy wherein can bond the sandy soil particle and meet water after can again be dissolved in the water and form and have cohesiveness and adhering solution and adhesion sandy soil particle;

Blending has plant seed in the described modified sandy soil.

3. the modified sandy soil with plant seed according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: after having the water evaporation in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness liquid between the sandy soil particle of modified sandy soil, solid mass-energy wherein with the sandy soil particle bond together; After the described water evaporation that has in cohesiveness and the adhesiveness liquid, solid-state organic substance and the weight ratio between the sandy soil that energy wherein is water-soluble are 1:30-8000.

4. the modified sandy soil with plant seed according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: have interconnected pore and dead-end pore between the sandy soil particle of modified sandy soil.

5. the modified sandy soil with plant seed according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy comprises one or both and the above mixture in inorganic material, natural polymer and modified material thereof and the synthetic high polymer material.

6. the modified sandy soil with plant seed according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: also add the natural polymer that can be scattered in the described solution and one or both and above mixture in modified material and the synthetic high polymer material.

7. the modified sandy soil with plant seed according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: also add one or both and above mixture in organic pluronic polymer, little molecule auxiliary agent, surfactant inorganic active powder or powder material, inorganic nonactive powder or powder material, solid substance and the pH value Auto-regulator.

8. the modified sandy soil with plant seed according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the water-soluble solid-state organic substance of described energy is one or both and above mixing or the copolymer in polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol oxide, polyethylene glycol, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the cellulose ether.