CN103345050A - Space refraction and reflection type multichannel imaging optical system - Google Patents
Space refraction and reflection type multichannel imaging optical system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A space refraction and reflection type multichannel imaging optical system comprises a main lens, a refraction and reflection type secondary lens, a third lens, a switching reflection lens, a color separation film, a shimmer channel focal plane device, and a visible light and near-infrared channel focal plane device. After the radiation beam of an imaging object is reflected through the main lens, the light beam of a visible light and near-infrared channel reaches the color separation film, and then forms an image at the position of a visible light channel focal plane after being reflected and transmitted through the front surface and the rear surface of the refraction and reflection type secondary lens and then reflected through the third lens. The light beam of a near-infrared channel transmits through the color separation film and forms an image at the position of the near-infrared focal plane device. After the switching reflection lens is switched and a light path is switch-in, the light beam of a shimmer channel is reflected through the main lens and then reflected through the refraction and reflection type secondary lens and the third lens and then is incident to a shimmer and visible near-infrared switching reflection lens, and the light beam of the shimmer channel is reflected through the front surface to be incident to the shimmer channel focal plane device to form an image. The space refraction and reflection type multichannel imaging optical system is simple in model, compact in structure, small in size, low in weight, large in visual field, capable of achieving a large-range and high-resolution dynamic monitoring function in daytime, morning and dusk.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the space optical remote sensor technical field, relate to a kind of space refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system.
Background technology
Development along with remote sensing technology, all types of user monitors that to the round-the-clock of ground scenery requirement is more and more higher, not only need to realize that high resolving power monitors over the ground under the illumination condition good conditions in the daytime, also need also can realize the high resolving power function for monitoring in the relatively poor period in morning and evening of illumination conditions simultaneously.The set visible channel of the most of satellite of China only possesses the daylight observation ability at present, can't obtain visible cloud image in morning and evening and night-time hours.Thereby press for development high sensitivity visible light low-light level imaging technology, and obtain the visible cloud image under morning and evening and the night low-light (level), improve under the low-light (level) situation the accuracy of low clouds and dense fog identification, the military meteorology service is provided round-the-clock.
Imaging when can realize morning and evening and daytime can be adopted a plurality of separate optical system, respectively to low-light and visible spectrum imaging.But it is all very huge to adopt many cameras to realize that segment information of many time obtains the volume and weight that will make space camera, has increased the launch cost of satellite, has reduced the fiduciary level of whole star.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solves is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system is provided, solved the integrated design under reflective, big visual field, multispectral situation of low-light, visible light and near infrared spectral coverage.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: space refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, adopt no intermediary image from axle three reflecting optical system forms, comprise primary mirror, refraction-reflection secondary mirror, three mirrors, switched mirror, low-light passage focal plane device, color separation film, visible channel focal plane device, near infrared passage focal plane device; Space refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system comprises visible channel, near infrared passage and low-light passage, and switched mirror is cut light path when the imaging of low-light passage, cuts out light path when visible and the imaging of near infrared passage; The color separation film front surface is coated with dichroic coating; The radiation laser beam of imageable target reflexes to the front surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror through primary mirror, visible channel and near infrared passage light beam are through the front surface transmission of refraction-reflection secondary mirror, to the rear surface reflection of refraction-reflection secondary mirror, see through front surface to three mirror of refraction-reflection secondary mirror, wherein the light beam of visible channel arrives the place's imaging of visible channel focal plane device through the front surface reflection of color separation film; The light beam of near infrared passage sees through focal plane device place's imaging that color separation film arrives the near infrared passage; Switched mirror incision constantly in morning and evening light path behind the front surface and three mirror reflections of low-light passage light beam through primary mirror, refraction-reflection secondary mirror, arrives the switched mirror front surface, arrives the place's imaging of low-light passage focal plane device after the toggle reflections mirror reflection.
Described primary mirror and three minute surface shapes from axle three reflecting optical systems are recessed non-spherical reflector, and the face shape of refraction-reflection secondary mirror is protruding sphere, and the two sides of switched mirror and color separation film is the plane.
Described primary mirror and three mirror materials are silit or fused quartz, and refraction-reflection secondary mirror, switched mirror and color separation film are colouless optical glass.
The reflecting surface of described primary mirror, three mirrors all is coated with metal high reflectance reflectance coating, and the front surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror is coated with high anti-low permeable membrane, and the rear surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror is coated with metal high reflectance reflectance coating.
Described switched mirror is dull and stereotyped, and color separation film is wedge, and the central shaft of color separation film does not overlap with the secondary mirror central shaft.
Described low-light passage spectral coverage scope is 0.45 μ m-1 μ m; Visible channel spectral coverage scope 0.5 μ m-0.8 μ m; Near infrared passage spectral coverage scope is 0.8-1 μ m.
The relative aperture of described low-light passage is greater than the relative aperture of visible light and near infrared passage.
Visible channel, near infrared passage diaphragm are arranged on the refraction-reflection secondary mirror front surface, by the relative aperture of control reflectance coating bore restriction visible light and two passages of near infrared; Low-light passage diaphragm is arranged on the refraction-reflection secondary mirror front surface, is the relative aperture that bore limits the low-light passage by control front surface film.
Described low-light passage focal plane device is linear array TDICCD device.
Described visible channel focal plane device is linear array TDICCD device; Described near infrared passage focal plane device is linear array TDICCD device.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is:
1) primary optical system of the present invention has effectively reduced the quantity of primary optical system optical element owing to adopted from the anti-basic pattern of axle three, no color differnece, and nothing is blocked, can be good to low-light, visible light and the equal imaging of near infrared spectral coverage; But pin low-light passage is debug, picture element detects, and has reduced system and has debug complexity.
2) the present invention utilizes the refraction-reflection secondary mirror in conjunction with the structural shape of switched mirror and color separation film, realizes low-light passage and visible light, near infrared passage timesharing imaging, has simplified the structure of optical system greatly, has improved image quality how much, the pixel high conformity;
3) viewability channel, near infrared passage arrange diaphragm in refraction-reflection secondary mirror rear surface, refraction-reflection secondary mirror front surface is coated with high anti-low permeable membrane, limit as seen/light beam aperture of two passages of near infrared by control rear surface reflectance coating bore, guarantee the energy requirement of low-light, visible light and near infrared passage simultaneously; Low-light passage diaphragm is arranged on secondary mirror front surface place, makes the low-light passage not have transmissive element, has effectively guaranteed the picture element of low-light passage.
4) the present invention have the mechanical-optical setup compactness, form simple, in the hyperchannel scope image quality good, be easy to advantage such as realizations, can use than short-term array detector array and realize the imaging of visual field greatly.For airborne/spaceborne high-resolution multi-spectral imaging system proposed one preferably technology realize approach, be specially adapted to continue, stably obtain daytime and morning and evening face of land information detected with high accuracy satellite optical system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 forms structural representation for optical system of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, optical system of the present invention is by from axle three reflecting optical system primary mirrors 1, refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2, form from axle three reflecting optical systems three mirrors 4, switched mirror 5, low-light passage focal plane device 6, color separation film 7, visible channel focal plane device 8, near infrared passage focal plane device 9.Switched mirror 5 is cut light path when the imaging of low-light passage, cut out light path when visible and the imaging of near infrared passage, thereby realizes low-light passage and visible light, near infrared passage timesharing imaging; Color separation film 7 front surfaces plating dichroic coating is realized reflect visible light spectral coverage, transmission near infrared spectral coverage.
Optical system of the present invention be included as three passages: low-light passage spectral coverage scope 0.4 μ m-1 μ m, visible channel spectral coverage scope 0.5 μ m-0.8 μ m, near infrared passage spectral coverage scope are 0.8 μ m-1 μ m.When visible light and the imaging of near infrared passage, light beam in the visual field enters main optical from axle three anti-systems, be incident to the front surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 through the light of primary mirror 1 reflection, be transmitted through the rear surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 through front surface, the place, rear surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 is coated with reflectance coating, the light beam of visible channel and near infrared passage sees through refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 through its reflection back front surface is extremely from three anti-mirrors 4 of axle three, after its reflection, the light beam of visible channel arrives visible channel focal plane device 8 through the front surface reflection of color separation film 7; The light beam of near infrared passage sees through color separation film 7 and arrives near infrared passage focal plane device 9, and wherein visible channel focal plane device 8 and near infrared passage focal plane device 9 are linear array TDICCD device.Switched mirror 5 incision light paths realize the imaging of low-light passage, low-light passage light beam is through the front surface of primary mirror 1, refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 with after 4 reflections of axle three anti-three mirrors, arrive switched mirror 5 front surfaces, reflex to low-light passage focal plane device 6 through 5, low-light passage focal plane device 6 is linear array TDICCD device.
The focal length unanimity of three path channels of optical system of the present invention is 500mm.Based on the requirement of camera system energy and signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), low-light passage relative aperture is chosen for 3, considers the requirement of visible near-infrared channel detector spare energy saturation degree, and visible/near infrared passage relative aperture is elected 4, three passage visual field sizes as and is 5 °.The optical system design selects for use Y-direction to use 5 ° in the field partially.
Two passages of visible light and near infrared are placed on diaphragm on the rear surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2, the low-light passage is placed on diaphragm on the front surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2, the front surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 is coated with high anti-low permeable membrane, to low-light passage 0.45 μ m-1 μ m spectral coverage reflectivity reach 85%, to as seen/near infrared passage 0.5 μ m-0.8 μ m and 0.8 μ m-1 μ m spectral coverage transmitance 15%, control the beam size of each passage by control refraction-reflection secondary mirror front and rear surfaces bore.
Coaxial from axle three anti-system physicals, axle centered by the center of refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2, each catoptron all uses local bore, and main optical is zero from visual field, the center chief ray of axle three reflecting optical systems and the angle of image planes normal.Primary mirror 1 and three mirrors 4 all adopt recessed catoptron, are protruding sphere from front surface and the rear surface of axle three anti-system refraction-reflection secondary mirrors 2, and radius-of-curvature is inconsistent, to increase the optimal design degree of freedom of different passages, satisfies the picture element requirement of different passages.Primary mirror 1 and three mirrors 4 are aspheric mirror.Primary mirror 1 is four ellipsoids, and refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 is sphere or aspheric surface, and three mirrors 4 are the secondary oblate spheroid.The reflecting surface of primary mirror 1 and three mirrors 4 all is coated with the reflectance coating of aluminium or ag material, and the material that primary mirror 1 and three mirrors 4 adopt is metallic beryllium, or crystallite, or silit, or melts quartz; Aluminize or the metal high reflectance reflectance coating of ag material in refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 rear surfaces, the material of refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 adopts colouless optical glass.
Switched mirror 5 is dull and stereotyped, and switched mirror 5 plane of light incidence pitch angle are for to be rotated counterclockwise 25 ° along optical axis; Color separation film 7 is wedge, and whole color separation film tilts to place, and color separation film 7 plane of light incidence pitch angle are for to be rotated counterclockwise 45 ° along optical axis, and the second surface pitch angle is for to be rotated counterclockwise 45.2 ° along optical axis, and namely color separation film front and rear surfaces angle is 0.2 °.
The material that switched mirror 5 adopts is metallic beryllium, or crystallite, or silit, or melts quartz; Color separation film 7 adopts the NBK7 material, and two surfaces are the plane.
The central shaft of color separation film 7 and refraction-reflection secondary mirror 2 central shafts are 110mm at vertical axial offset distance.
The content that is not described in detail in the instructions of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (10)
1. space refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: adopt no intermediary image from axle three reflecting optical system forms, comprise primary mirror (1), refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2), three mirrors (4), switched mirror (5), low-light passage focal plane device (6), color separation film (7), visible channel focal plane device (8), near infrared passage focal plane device (9); Space refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system comprises visible channel, near infrared passage and low-light passage, and switched mirror (5) is cut light path when the imaging of low-light passage, cuts out light path when visible and the imaging of near infrared passage; Color separation film (7) front surface is coated with dichroic coating; The radiation laser beam of imageable target reflexes to the front surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2) through primary mirror (1), visible channel and near infrared passage light beam are through the front surface transmission of refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2), to the rear surface reflection of refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2), see through front surface to three mirror (4) of refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2), wherein the light beam of visible channel arrives visible channel focal plane device (8) and locates imaging through the front surface reflection of color separation film (7); The light beam of near infrared passage sees through the focal plane device (9) of color separation film (7) arrival near infrared passage and locates imaging; Switched mirror (5) incision constantly in morning and evening light path, behind the front surface and three mirrors (4) reflection of low-light passage light beam through primary mirror (1), refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2), arrive switched mirror (5) front surface, after switched mirror (5) reflection, arrive low-light passage focal plane device (6) and locate imaging.
2. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: described primary mirror from axle three reflecting optical systems (1) and three mirrors (4) face shape are recessed non-spherical reflector, the face shape of refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2) is protruding sphere, and the two sides of switched mirror (5) and color separation film (7) is the plane.
3. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: described primary mirror (1) and three mirrors (4) material are silit or fused quartz, and refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2), switched mirror (5) and color separation film (7) are colouless optical glass.
4. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: the reflecting surface of described primary mirror (1), three mirrors (4) all is coated with metal high reflectance reflectance coating, the front surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2) is coated with high anti-low permeable membrane, and the rear surface of refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2) is coated with metal high reflectance reflectance coating.
5. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: described switched mirror (5) is for dull and stereotyped, and color separation film (7) is wedge, and the central shaft of color separation film (7) does not overlap with secondary mirror (2) central shaft.
6. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: described low-light passage spectral coverage scope is 0.45 μ m-1 μ m; Visible channel spectral coverage scope 0.5 μ m-0.8 μ m; Near infrared passage spectral coverage scope is 0.8-1 μ m.
7. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: the relative aperture of described low-light passage is greater than the relative aperture of visible light and near infrared passage.
8. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: visible channel, near infrared passage diaphragm are arranged on refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2) front surface, by the relative aperture of control reflectance coating bore restriction visible light and two passages of near infrared; Low-light passage diaphragm is arranged on refraction-reflection secondary mirror (2) front surface, is the relative aperture that bore limits the low-light passage by control front surface film.
9. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: described low-light passage focal plane device (6) is linear array TDICCD device.
10. space according to claim 1 refraction-reflection multi channel imaging optical system, it is characterized in that: described visible channel focal plane device (8) is linear array TDICCD device; Described near infrared passage focal plane device (9) is linear array TDICCD device.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103592757A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Broadband off-axis reflecting type long focus/non-focus double-channel telescopic system |
| CN104570316A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Automatic three-lens switchover mechanism for vehicle-mounted self-adapting optical imaging telescope |
| CN104749774A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-01 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Off-axis three-mirror push broom type laser three-dimensional imaging and transmitting system |
| CN107561674A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | One kind light splitting three-reflection optical system |
| CN108121049A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-05 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of adjustment test method of multispectral section of multichannel remote sensing camera camera lens |
| CN111552054A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-18 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | Overall design and adjustment method of off-axis three-mirror optical system |
| CN113075788A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multispectral multichannel common-caliber zooming imaging optical system |
| CN117170078A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Reflection type zoom afocal optical system |
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| CN103592757A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-19 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Broadband off-axis reflecting type long focus/non-focus double-channel telescopic system |
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| CN104570316A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Automatic three-lens switchover mechanism for vehicle-mounted self-adapting optical imaging telescope |
| CN104570316B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Automatic three-lens switchover mechanism for vehicle-mounted self-adapting optical imaging telescope |
| CN104749774A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-01 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Off-axis three-mirror push broom type laser three-dimensional imaging and transmitting system |
| CN104749774B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-05-03 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Off-axis three-mirror push broom type laser three-dimensional imaging and transmitting system |
| CN107561674A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | One kind light splitting three-reflection optical system |
| CN108121049A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-06-05 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of adjustment test method of multispectral section of multichannel remote sensing camera camera lens |
| CN108121049B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-12-18 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Method for testing installation and adjustment of multi-spectral-band multi-channel remote sensing camera lens |
| CN111552054A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-18 | 河南平原光电有限公司 | Overall design and adjustment method of off-axis three-mirror optical system |
| CN113075788A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multispectral multichannel common-caliber zooming imaging optical system |
| CN117170078A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2023-12-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Reflection type zoom afocal optical system |
| CN117170078B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-01-12 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Reflection type zoom afocal optical system |
| CN118011714A (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-05-10 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Switching mechanism for time-sharing imaging of space camera |
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