CN104238116A - Large-visual-field high-resolution photoelectronic imaging system - Google Patents
Large-visual-field high-resolution photoelectronic imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104238116A CN104238116A CN201410468102.6A CN201410468102A CN104238116A CN 104238116 A CN104238116 A CN 104238116A CN 201410468102 A CN201410468102 A CN 201410468102A CN 104238116 A CN104238116 A CN 104238116A
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-visual-field high-resolution photoelectronic imaging system. The system is characterized by comprising a concentric sphere lens and a receiver array. Compared with a traditional imaging system, the system has the advantages of being large in single-shot imaging field and high in resolution ratio. In fact, for the single-shot imaging information amount, the system is capable of achieving the imaging capacity reaching hundreds of G pixels.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photoelectronic imaging field, particularly a kind of large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system, high resolving power imaging simultaneously can be carried out to the visual field close to 180 degree, be suitable for fixed location over the ground, to sea, sky is observed, and vehicle-mounted, boat-carrying, airborne mobile observation, realize civilian, police and military object.
Background technology
For an optical imaging system, under high-resolution prerequisite, its field range can be expanded by mobile or scan mode, but there is the problem of poor in timeliness.Such as satellite load, need satellite earth repeatedly, could to a larger regional imaging; Also there is analogue when carrying aboard, moreover, if military surveillance, same place is observed aircraft will be caused to have fallen possibility for a long time.Be traveling in the tank in street, rapid examination must be carried out to surrounding environment; Monitor the rally of a very Grand Place, also have same demand.People can expand the visual field (as spherical camera) of imaging simultaneously by the method for piling up optical system, but under high-resolution prerequisite, the volume that it takies will be very large, be not suitable for mobile observation.Therefore people wish under high-resolution prerequisite, expand the visual field of single imaging or single imaging optical system as far as possible.In first technology 1: wide-angle lens and fish eye lens, its visual field comparatively large (fish eye lens can more than 180 degree), but resolution is lower, fish eye lens has very large distortion (can more than 100%); In first technology 2: reflection adds the panoramic optical systems of refraction, visual field is larger, but resolution is also lower, also has very large distortion, and system bulk is large, and reflective imaging makes application inconvenient; At first technology 3:(Multiscale gigapixel photography, NATURE, VOL.486, pp.386,21JUNE, 2012), disclose a kind of large visual field high resolution imaging system similar with the present invention, but its system is comparatively complicated, make difficulty, volume is large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency in first technology, a kind of large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system is provided, this system single imaging viewing field close to 180 degree, resolution is high, and there is the features such as structure is simple, realization is comparatively easy, small volume, to adapt to the demand of commercialization and mobile observation.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system, feature is that its formation comprises concentric spherical camera lens and receiver array, described concentric spherical camera lens is made up of multiple eyeglass and a circular iris, the optical axis of all eyeglasses and the optical axis coincidence of described diaphragm, except the lens surface overlapped with diaphragm face is except plane, the workplace of these other eyeglasses of concentric spherical camera lens is all spheres, and the centre of sphere is all positioned at the central point of diaphragm; Described receiver array, be made up of the optical fiber image transmission beam of multiple planar array detector and equal number, the fiber array of described optical fiber image transmission beam rectangular or regular hexagon arrangement, one end of optical fiber image transmission beam is plane and is pasted together with the light-sensitive surface of described planar array detector, the other end of all optical fiber image transmission beams is stitched together, and forms an accurate reception sphere.
Described concentric spherical camera lens, the optical material used near the two panels eyeglass of diaphragm is identical.
Described concentric spherical camera lens, different according to job operation, the two panels eyeglass near diaphragm can merge into an eyeglass, makes diaphragm above, and such concentric spherical mirror eyeglass in front does not just have plane workplace.
The shape of the eyeglass of described concentric spherical camera lens is circular, or edge is through other shapes of cutting.
One end of described optical fiber image transmission beam is plane, and be pasted together with the light-sensitive surface of planar array detector, one end is concave spherical surface in addition, and concave spherical surface one end of all optical fiber image transmission beams is stitched together, and forms a reception sphere identical with the image planes radius of described concentric spherical camera lens.
Described optical fiber image transmission beam is fibre faceplate or optical fiber cone.
The one end in the concentric spherical mirror head portrait face that is positioned at of described optical fiber image transmission beam is coated with and is covered with conversion or down-conversion luminescent material.Thus the partial spectrum of direct detection can cannot carry out imaging to planar array detector.
Concave spherical surface one end of all optical fiber image transmission beams is stitched together, and forms a reception sphere identical with the image planes radius of concentric spherical camera lens.The large I visual field size according to actual needs receiving sphere is determined; By changing the distance of the image planes receiving sphere and concentric spherical camera lens, the object of certain limit focusing can be reached.
Two end faces of described optical fiber image transmission beam can be all planes, and wherein the light-sensitive surface of one end and planar array detector is pasted together, and one end is stitched together formation one the matching face close with the image planes of concentric spherical camera lens in addition.
When object plane is the plane of a distance, optimum image plane is sphere not necessarily, but can find out a best-fit sphere;
With compared with first technology, the effect of this technology is as follows:
1) compared with general imaging system, each face due to concentric spherical camera lens is concentric sphere, and the centre of sphere is positioned at the central point of diaphragm, therefore to the imaging effect that can reach close to the visual field within the scope of 180 degree close to diffraction limit.
2) the present invention adopts area array sensor array as receiver, single exposure just can to whole view field imaging, suppose that the focal length of concentric spherical camera lens is 180mm, the resolution of image planes is 2.5um, the each pixel of area array sensor is also 2.5um, then only in the visual field of 120 °, just have about 15G pixel.If increase focal length or improve resolution, then the imaging of possibility single just reaches the quantity of information of G pixel up to a hundred.
3) with compared with first technology 3, the present invention adopts fibre bundle to replace follow-up lens group, makes that structure is simpler, volume is less, and does not have the vignetting that follow-up lens group produces, and therefore has higher adaptability;
4) owing to have employed imaging optical fiber bundle, can be coated with and be covered with conversion or down-conversion luminescent material, thus the partial spectrum of direct detection can cannot carry out imaging to planar array detector.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the embodiment 1 light channel structure schematic diagram of large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the spherical aberration figure of embodiment 1 concentric spherical camera lens;
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the structure of simple optical fiber coherent fiber bundle in embodiment 1 and the arrangement mode schematic diagram of multifiber coherent fiber bundle respectively;
Fig. 5 is the another kind of end face structure of the optical fiber image transmission beam in embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of the embodiment 2 of large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is two views of another structure of concentric spherical camera lens of the present invention respectively;
Fig. 9 is the image planes figure of the embodiment of camera lens shown in Fig. 7.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, but should not limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment 1 of large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system of the present invention, and as seen from the figure, large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system of the present invention is made up of concentric spherical camera lens 1 and receiver array 2.
Described concentric spherical camera lens 1 is by front arrangement of mirrors G1, diaphragm ST and rear arrangement of mirrors G2 forms, described front arrangement of mirrors comprises eyeglass G1-A, eyeglass G1-B and eyeglass G1-C, described rear arrangement of mirrors comprises eyeglass G2-A, eyeglass G2-B and eyeglass G2-C, described eyeglass G1-A, G1-B, G1-C, G2-A, G2-B and G2-C is coaxial, and be glued together successively, form optical surface S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, described optical surface S4 is plane, film plating process is adopted to produce circular iris ST in the above, described optical surface S1, S2, S3, S5, S6, S7 is sphere, and the centre of sphere is positioned at the central point of described diaphragm ST, the image planes IMG of concentric spherical camera lens is sphere, and the centre of sphere is also positioned at the central point of diaphragm ST.
Table 1 gives the parameter of concentric spherical camera lens 1 described in Fig. 1 embodiment, the focal length of this concentric spherical camera lens 1 embodiment is 180mm, Entry pupil diameters is 60mm, Airy disk radius is about 2.15um, Fig. 2 gives the spherical aberration figure of the concentric spherical camera lens 1 of embodiment 1, the imaging resolution of the concentric spherical camera lens 1 of the present embodiment is all close to diffraction limit in the scope of ± 60 °, and entrance pupil is large, therefore has Large visual angle and high-resolution feature simultaneously.
[table 1]
Described receiver array 2, be made up of the planar array detector 202 of some optical fiber image transmission beams 201 and equal number, described optical fiber image transmission beam 201 is regular hexagon fiber array, one end of optical fiber image transmission beam 201 is plane, and be pasted together with the light-sensitive surface of planar array detector 202, one end is concave spherical surface in addition, and concave spherical surface one end of all optical fiber image transmission beams 201 is stitched together, and forms a receiving plane overlapped with the image planes IMG of concentric spherical camera lens 1.
Fig. 3 gives the end face structure figure of the simple optical fiber coherent fiber bundle 201 of embodiment 1, and shown in figure, optical fiber image transmission beam 201 is combined into orthohexagonal shape by some round fibers.
Fig. 4 gives the structural representation that the some optical fiber image transmission beams 201 of embodiment 1 are arranged in receiver array.
Fig. 5 is the another kind of end face structure of the optical fiber image transmission beam 201 of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 5, the two ends of optical fiber image transmission beam 201 are plane, the light-sensitive surface of its one end and planar array detector 202 is pasted together, in addition one end be stitched together and the center vertical line of each end face by the central point of diaphragm ST, thus the best-fit face of a composition image planes IMG.When the radius of image planes IMG is comparatively large and end face that is every root optical fiber image transmission beam 201 is less, defocusing amount is less, not the transmission of effect diagram picture.
During with regular hexagonal splicing, no matter end face is sphere or plane, has certain slit, but width is generally less than a pixel.
Fig. 6 is the light channel structure schematic diagram of large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system embodiment 2 of the present invention, compared with embodiment 1, the present embodiment adopts optical fiber cone 203 to replace optical fiber image transmission beam 201, described optical fiber cone 203 end face is regular hexagon, its one end is plane and is pasted together with the light-sensitive surface of planar array detector 202, one end is concave spherical surface in addition, and sphere one end of all optical fiber cones 203 is merged and is connected together, and forms a reception sphere overlapped with the image planes IMG of concentric spherical camera lens 1.Optical fiber cone can zoom in or out image, and Fig. 6 optical fiber cone 203 is for downscaled images.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is two views of another structure of concentric spherical camera lens 1 of the present invention respectively, compared with embodiment 1, the eyeglass of the concentric spherical camera lens 1 of the present embodiment is not circular, but cut according to required visual field size, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is maximum field of view's (120 °) of concentric spherical camera lens 1 and the structural drawing of minimum visual field (40 °) both direction respectively.
Fig. 9 be Fig. 7 show the arrangement schematic diagram of the optical fiber image transmission beam 201 of camera lens embodiment, shown in figure, optical fiber image transmission beam 201 can be arranged into suitable shape according to the visual field size of camera lens 1.
In the above-described embodiments, if each Pixel Dimensions of receiver array 2 is 2.15um × 2.15um, then the pixel count in ± 60 ° of field ranges can reach 20.5G, therefore possesses Large visual angle and high-resolution two kinds of advantages simultaneously.
Claims (7)
1. a large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system, be characterised in that its formation comprises concentric spherical camera lens and receiver array, described concentric spherical camera lens is made up of multiple eyeglass and a circular iris, the optical axis of all eyeglasses and the optical axis coincidence of described diaphragm, except the lens surface overlapped with diaphragm face is except plane, the workplace of these other eyeglasses of concentric spherical camera lens is all spheres, and the centre of sphere is all positioned at the central point of diaphragm; Described receiver array, be made up of the optical fiber image transmission beam of multiple planar array detector and equal number, the fiber array of described optical fiber image transmission beam rectangular or regular hexagon arrangement, one end of optical fiber image transmission beam is plane and is pasted together with the light-sensitive surface of described planar array detector, the other end of all optical fiber image transmission beams is stitched together, and forms an accurate reception sphere.
2. large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described concentric spherical camera lens, the optical material used near the two panels eyeglass of diaphragm is identical.
3. large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described concentric spherical camera lens, different according to job operation, two panels eyeglass near diaphragm can merge into an eyeglass, make diaphragm above, such concentric spherical mirror eyeglass in front does not just have plane workplace.
4. large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the shape of the eyeglass of described concentric spherical camera lens is circular, or edge is through other shapes of cutting.
5. large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that one end of described optical fiber image transmission beam is plane, and be pasted together with the light-sensitive surface of planar array detector, one end is concave spherical surface in addition, concave spherical surface one end of all optical fiber image transmission beams is stitched together, and forms a reception sphere identical with the image planes radius of described concentric spherical camera lens.
6. large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described optical fiber image transmission beam is fibre faceplate or optical fiber cone.
7. the large visual field high resolution photo electric imaging system according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that the one end in the concentric spherical mirror head portrait face that is positioned at of described optical fiber image transmission beam is coated with and is covered with conversion or down-conversion luminescent material.
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| CN105892048A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | Large-view-field imaging device based on prism-fiber coupling |
| CN106054378A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-10-26 | 西安电子科技大学 | Portable wide-field-of-view imaging device and method |
| CN107577035A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-12 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of optical imaging system, method, equipment |
| CN108152884A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-12 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | A kind of special-shaped optical fibre coherent fiber bundle cyclic diolefin planar package method |
| CN109643007A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2019-04-16 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Lens barrel |
| WO2023000886A1 (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-01-26 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Large field of view energy detection optical system based on concentric spherical lens |
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| CN201194044Y (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2009-02-11 | 王鹤 | Large visual field concentric spherical surface camera apparatus |
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| CN201194044Y (en) * | 2007-11-22 | 2009-02-11 | 王鹤 | Large visual field concentric spherical surface camera apparatus |
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| CN108152884A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-12 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | A kind of special-shaped optical fibre coherent fiber bundle cyclic diolefin planar package method |
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| WO2023000886A1 (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-01-26 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Large field of view energy detection optical system based on concentric spherical lens |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |