CN103344143B - Evaporator and liquid reservoir used for loop heat pipe and application thereof - Google Patents
Evaporator and liquid reservoir used for loop heat pipe and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103344143B CN103344143B CN201310227063.6A CN201310227063A CN103344143B CN 103344143 B CN103344143 B CN 103344143B CN 201310227063 A CN201310227063 A CN 201310227063A CN 103344143 B CN103344143 B CN 103344143B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an evaporator and a liquid reservoir used for a loop heat pipe and belongs to the technical field of evaporators. A capillary core structure is adopted for spacing inner spaces of the evaporator and the liquid reservoir, liquid in the liquid reservoir can enter the evaporator through the capillary core, meanwhile the liquid is heated and evaporated to generate steam in the evaporator, and the steam flows out of a steam outlet in an end cover of the evaporator. Due to the fact that the capillary core can generate capillary pressure, the steam in the center of the evaporator can be effectively prevented from entering the liquid reservoir, distribution and flowing of the gas liquid are controlled, and then heat leakage from the evaporator to the liquid reservoir is effectively reduced. The distribution and a flowing route of the gas liquid in the evaporator are adjusted initiatively, therefore the radial heat leakage from the evaporator to the liquid reservoir can be completely eliminated, and the purpose that the heat leakage from the evaporator to the liquid reservoir is effectively reduced is achieved so that starting performance and running stability and reliability of the loop heat pipe can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vaporizer technology field, specifically, is a kind of loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter and reservoir and application thereof.
Background technology
Loop circuit heat pipe is a kind of two-phase Thermal Conduction Equipment efficiently, and it utilizes the evaporation of working medium and condensation to carry out transferring heat, and the capillary pressure that the circulation of working medium is produced by evaporimeter capillary wick drives, without the need to additionaling power.Compared to other heat-transfer equipment, loop circuit heat pipe have transmission heat large, fed distance is far away, temperature-controlled precision is high, antigravity ability is strong, have compact conformation concurrently, easy for installation, can the outstanding advantage such as autonomous operation, have broad application prospects in the field such as cooling of spacecraft thermal control and electronic devices and components.
For development comparatively early, the column type evaporator loop heat pipe of manufacture craft relative maturity, has carried out applying on a small scale at spacecraft thermal control system at present, has achieved certain effect.Due to its distinctive " evaporimeter-reservoir " coupled structure, although make loop heat pipe structure compact, without the need to any pretreatment before starting, but, the current evaporation structure generally applied, due to the setting of liquid arterial highway, evaporimeter is serious to the leakage heat of reservoir, serious adverse effect is produced to the service behaviour of loop circuit heat pipe, be embodied under little thermal force situation, easily there is difficulty in starting in loop circuit heat pipe, start-up time obviously extends, start temperature rise obviously to increase, even occur the situation that cannot start.In addition, when thermal force is less, loop circuit heat pipe generally operates in variable thermal-conductance district, condenser major part region is occupied by subcooled liquid, be not used effectively, heat sink cooling effect cannot normally play, and causes loop circuit heat pipe running temperature obviously higher, and a series of activities wild effect can be there is under certain condition, as temperature fluctuation, working medium refluence and temperature hysteresis etc.
Because space product is to the strict demand of high-performance and high reliability, above-mentioned phenomenon seriously hinders the extensive use of loop circuit heat pipe in spacecraft thermal control field.The greatest problem that annoying loop circuit heat pipe development at present still concentrates on evaporimeter internal structure design.
Current column type (or claiming tubular) evaporimeter and reservoir structure, evaporimeter comprises axial leakage heat and the hot two parts of radial leakage to the leakage heat of reservoir.Generally speaking, radial heat of leaking, much larger than axially leaking heat, is cause loop circuit heat pipe startability to decline and cause the leading factor of job insecurity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter and reservoir are provided, by changing evaporimeter and reservoir internal structure design, gas-liquid distribution in active adjustment evaporimeter and flow path, evaporimeter can be eliminated completely and leak heat to the radial direction of reservoir, reach and effectively reduce the object of evaporimeter to the leakage heat of reservoir, to improve the startability of loop circuit heat pipe and operation stability and reliability.
The invention provides a kind of loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter and reservoir, described evaporimeter and reservoir are tubular, and both are coaxial.Described evaporimeter comprises evaporator end cover, evaporator shell, and described reservoir comprises reservoir housing, reservoir end cap, and evaporimeter and reservoir are separated by capillary wick.
All by being welded to connect between evaporator end cover and evaporator shell, between evaporator shell and reservoir housing and between reservoir housing and reservoir end cap.
Described capillary wick adopts micron dimension high thermal conductivity coefficient metal dust (as copper powder, nickel powder etc.) to make, and direct sintering is in evaporimeter and reservoir internal face.
Described evaporimeter and reservoir form a loop by steam pipe line and liquid line and condenser.Described steam pipe line is connected with evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet, and described liquid line is connected with reservoir liquid inlet.
Good effect of the present invention is:
Evaporimeter provided by the invention and reservoir have manufacture and design simple, compact conformation, the feature such as with low cost.By the gas-liquid distribution in active adjustment evaporimeter and flow path, reach and effectively reduce the object of evaporimeter to the leakage heat of reservoir, to improve the startability of loop circuit heat pipe and operation stability and reliability, be applicable to the applications such as the cooling of spacecraft thermal control and electronic devices and components.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter and reservoir;
Fig. 2 is the profile of loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter and reservoir.
In figure:
1 evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet, 2 evaporator end covers, 3 evaporator shells, 4 capillary wick, 5 reservoir housings, 6 reservoir end caps, 7 reservoir liquid inlets.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter provided by the invention and reservoir and application thereof are described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter and reservoir, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described evaporimeter and reservoir are tubular, and both are coaxial.Described evaporimeter comprises evaporator end cover 2 and evaporator shell 3, and described reservoir comprises reservoir housing 5 and reservoir end cap 6, and evaporimeter and reservoir are separated by capillary wick 4.
All by being welded to connect between evaporator end cover 2 and evaporator shell 3, between evaporator shell 3 and reservoir housing 5 and between reservoir housing 5 and reservoir end cap 6.
Described evaporimeter and reservoir form a loop by steam pipe line and liquid line and condenser.Described steam pipe line is connected with evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet 1, and described liquid line is connected with reservoir liquid inlet 7.
As shown in Figure 2, described capillary wick 4 is tubular structure, and described tubular structure is positioned at the inner surface of evaporator shell 3, and one end has end cap 401; Internal diameter due to reservoir is greater than the internal diameter of evaporimeter, and therefore form shoulder hole at the connecting portion of described evaporator shell 3 and reservoir housing 5, described end cap 401 is arranged on shoulder hole position, realizes the inner space isolation of evaporimeter and reservoir; Liquid in reservoir can enter evaporimeter by capillary wick 4, simultaneously in evaporimeter owing to producing steam by thermal evaporation, flowed out by the steam (vapor) outlet 1 on evaporator end cover 2.Because capillary wick 4 can produce capillary pressure, therefore, it is possible to effectively stop the steam at evaporimeter center to enter reservoir, achieve the control of gas-liquid distribution in evaporimeter with flowing, and then effectively reduce the leakage heat of evaporimeter to reservoir.Described capillary wick 4 adopts micron dimension high thermal conductivity coefficient metal dust (as copper powder, nickel powder etc.) to make, and direct sintering is in evaporator shell 3 and reservoir housing 5 internal face.
The loop circuit heat pipe completed through processes such as assembling, welding, sintering is connected with condenser with liquid line by steam pipe line with reservoir with evaporimeter, form a loop, namely define a complete loop circuit heat pipe, heat transfer property test can be carried out to it.In practical application, the size of loop circuit heat pipe can be modified according to the size of cooled device and heat sink form and adjust.Cooled device (thermal source) is directly connected with loop heat pipe evaporator housing 3, heat passes to capillary wick 4 through evaporator shell 3, liquid working substance evaporates at capillary wick 4 inner surface, the steam produced flows out through steam (vapor) outlet 1, and enter steam pipe line and condenser successively, steam is release heat in condenser, be condensed into liquid gradually also excessively cold, subcooled liquid enters reservoir through liquid line, and the liquid in reservoir carries out feed flow to capillary wick 4, thus completes circulation.Wherein, the capillary pressure that the circulation of working medium in loop circuit heat pipe is produced by capillary wick 4 provides, without the need to additionaling power.
Evaporimeter proposed by the invention and reservoir, by the gas-liquid distribution in active adjustment evaporimeter and flow path, can eliminate evaporimeter completely and leak heat to the radial direction of reservoir, reach and effectively reduce the object of evaporimeter to the leakage heat of reservoir.Simulation result shows, evaporimeter proposed by the invention and reservoir, compares with reservoir with existing evaporimeter, and evaporimeter can reduce more than 80%, Be very effective to the leakage heat of reservoir.
Before loop circuit heat pipe puts into operation, need first to vacuumize (< 1 × 10 to loop circuit heat pipe inside
-2pa), then inject highly purified working medium, as ammonia, water, methyl alcohol, acetone etc., according to actual motion temperature requirement, can optimum selecting, loop circuit heat pipe pipe wall material and capillary wick material and the compatibility filling working medium should be noted simultaneously.
The above is usual embodiment of the present invention; for those skilled in the art; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; some improvements and modifications can also be made; as capillary wick is sintered in reservoir shell inner surface simultaneously, these improvements and modifications also should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter and a reservoir, described evaporimeter and reservoir are tubular, and both are coaxial; Described evaporimeter comprises evaporator end cover, evaporator shell, and described reservoir comprises reservoir housing, reservoir end cap, it is characterized in that: evaporimeter and reservoir are separated by capillary wick; All by being welded to connect between evaporator end cover and evaporator shell, between evaporator shell and reservoir housing and between reservoir housing and reservoir end cap; Described evaporimeter and reservoir form a loop by steam pipe line and liquid line and condenser, and described steam pipe line is connected with evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet, and described liquid line is connected with reservoir liquid inlet; Described capillary wick is tubular structure, and described tubular structure is positioned at the inner surface of evaporator shell, and one end has end cap; Internal diameter due to reservoir is greater than the internal diameter of evaporimeter, and therefore form shoulder hole at the connecting portion of described evaporator shell and reservoir housing, described end cap is arranged on shoulder hole position, realizes the inner space isolation of evaporimeter and reservoir.
2. a kind of loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter according to claim 1 and reservoir, is characterized in that: described capillary wick adopts micron dimension high thermal conductivity coefficient metal dust to make, and direct sintering is in evaporator shell and reservoir inner walls face.
3. a kind of loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter according to claim 2 and reservoir, is characterized in that: described high thermal conductivity coefficient metal dust is copper powder or nickel powder.
4. an application for loop circuit heat pipe evaporimeter and reservoir, is characterized in that: by between evaporator end cover and evaporator shell, between evaporator shell and reservoir housing and between reservoir housing and reservoir end cap all by being welded to connect, described evaporimeter and reservoir form a loop by steam pipe line and liquid line and condenser, and described steam pipe line is connected with evaporimeter steam (vapor) outlet, and described liquid line is connected with reservoir liquid inlet, loop circuit heat pipe inside is vacuumized, then highly purified working medium is injected, cooled device is directly connected with loop heat pipe evaporator housing, heat passes to capillary wick through evaporator shell, liquid working substance evaporates at capillary wick inner surface, the steam produced enters condenser through steam pipe line, steam is release heat in condenser, be condensed into liquid gradually also excessively cold, subcooled liquid enters reservoir through liquid line, liquid in reservoir carries out feed flow to capillary wick, thus complete circulation, the capillary pressure that the circulation of working medium is produced by evaporimeter capillary wick drives, without the need to additionaling power.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310227063.6A CN103344143B (en) | 2013-06-08 | 2013-06-08 | Evaporator and liquid reservoir used for loop heat pipe and application thereof |
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| CN201310227063.6A CN103344143B (en) | 2013-06-08 | 2013-06-08 | Evaporator and liquid reservoir used for loop heat pipe and application thereof |
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| CN103344143A CN103344143A (en) | 2013-10-09 |
| CN103344143B true CN103344143B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103712498B (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-05-20 | 华中科技大学 | Double-capillary-core evaporator applied to flat-type LHP system |
| CN104504176B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-05-04 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | The matching process of reservoir and working medium filling weight in weight-driven two-phase fluid loop |
| CN104613801B (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Evaporator and heat dissipation device for loop heat pipe |
| CN106225535B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-12-21 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of cylindrical type loop circuit heat pipe capillary pump assembly |
| CN106288901B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-07-27 | 上海极率热能科技有限公司 | Loop circuit heat pipe system and its with stainless steel capillary without collapsing welding technique |
| CN107062962A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-18 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of loop circuit heat pipe with good startability and operation stability |
| CN107767753A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-03-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of spherical evaporator loop heat pipe experimental provision of built-on reservoir |
| CN109387108B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-03-26 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Replaceable evaporator compensator for low-temperature loop heat pipe |
| CN110243217B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-06-26 | 山东大学 | Flat plate type loop heat pipe evaporator with enclosed liquid storage chamber |
| CN110030860B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Double-lead-tube type double-liquid-reservoir loop heat pipe |
| CN113758333B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-04-26 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Method and device for determining temperature control power of loop heat pipe and storage medium |
| CN116067209B (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-01-05 | 山东大学 | Novel capillary core loop heat pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN115342667A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-15 | 上海格熵航天科技有限公司 | Modular assembly of multi-specification series-connection type loop heat pipe evaporator and evaporator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001088456A2 (en) * | 2000-05-16 | 2001-11-22 | Swales Aerospace | Evaporator employing a liquid superheat tolerant wick |
| CN1648592A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2005-08-03 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Deep cold loop heat tube |
| CN1703142A (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2005-11-30 | 中山大学 | Highly effective flat-type loop heat-pipe apparatus |
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2013
- 2013-06-08 CN CN201310227063.6A patent/CN103344143B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001088456A2 (en) * | 2000-05-16 | 2001-11-22 | Swales Aerospace | Evaporator employing a liquid superheat tolerant wick |
| CN1648592A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2005-08-03 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Deep cold loop heat tube |
| CN1703142A (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2005-11-30 | 中山大学 | Highly effective flat-type loop heat-pipe apparatus |
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| CN103344143A (en) | 2013-10-09 |
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