CN103336236A - Monitoring testing method of long-time photo induced deterioration property of solar battery - Google Patents
Monitoring testing method of long-time photo induced deterioration property of solar battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103336236A CN103336236A CN201310234537XA CN201310234537A CN103336236A CN 103336236 A CN103336236 A CN 103336236A CN 201310234537X A CN201310234537X A CN 201310234537XA CN 201310234537 A CN201310234537 A CN 201310234537A CN 103336236 A CN103336236 A CN 103336236A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring testing method of long-time photo induced deterioration property of a solar battery, which comprises the following steps: packaging a battery piece, and conducting the monitoring of the photo induced deterioration. The method can effectively avoid the problem of causing a test result to be fuzzy due to the oxidation of grating lines after a long-time lighting, is simple and practicable, dispenses with extra expensive devices, has the testing result with high reliability, is suitable for the monitoring of the long-time photo induced deterioration for any batteries, can simulate outdoor real lighting environment for operation, and provides references for the research and development and manufacturing of silicon chips and battery pieces.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of solar batteries, be specifically related to a kind of method of testing for solar cell properties.
Background technology
Crystal silicon solar energy battery is the core component of solar power system, the stability of battery performance is directly connected to stability and the generated energy size of whole generating system, in daily use, have the decline that some factors cause battery performance, photo attenuation is one of them.As far back as (the Fischer and W. Pschunder seventies in last century, Proceedings of the 10th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Palo Alto, CA, IEEE, New York, 1973, p. 404), people just find that silicon solar cell its efficient after illumination a period of time has certain decline, be referred to as photo attenuation (Photo induced deterioration, PID) phenomenon.1997, Schmidt etc. found that the interior boron oxygen that exists of photo attenuation phenomenon and wafer bulk is compound to relevant (J. Schmidt, A. G. Aberle, and R. Hezel, Proceedings
Of the 26th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Anaheim, CA, IEEE, New York, 1997, p. 13).Under short time illumination, it is compound right to mix the inner meeting generation of B silicon chip B-O, forms the charge carrier recombination center, and minority carrier life time descends, thereby causes the decline of battery short circuit electric current and open-circuit voltage.The but compound right formation of this B-O and to dissociate be reversible, lucifuge annealing can be dissociated gradually under 200 celsius temperatures, and photo attenuation is recovered.Simultaneously, some impurity in the silicon chip also can cause the photo attenuation aggravation (H. Savin, M. Yli-Koski, and A. Haarahiltunen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95,152111,2009) of battery as the existence of Cu, Fe etc.Except silicon chip sole mass factor, battery sheet manufacture craft also can cause photo attenuation generation, particularly passivation on double surfaces high-efficiency battery blade technolgy, and the quality of the stability of passivation technology and silicon chip quality directly has influence on battery photo attenuation degree.
Photo attenuation gently then causes the impaired generated energy of the final power of battery to reduce, if seriously can cause the serious mismatch of assembly battery sheet electric current, assembly property descends greatly, thus each big producer all with photo attenuation as one of direction of daily monitoring.Cell decay when at present generally only monitoring irradiance and being 5000W.h, but do not see for the monitoring of the long-term illumination decay of battery and to deliver that therefore above-mentioned influence factor is also never learnt the influence of the long-term electrical property of battery sheet.Main cause is that long-time illumination meeting causes the grid line oxidation of battery sheet so that test distortion, the easy fragmentation of battery process multi-pass operations etc., therefore be difficult to obtain the data and curves of the long-term illumination decay of battery sheet, thereby be difficult to conclude the reason place that really causes photo attenuation.
Chinese patent ZL201010105090.2 discloses a kind of battery sheet photoinduced attenuation testing system and method for testing thereof, this Design of Test System has seal box, can realize battery illumination decay under the vacuum, thereby having avoided the influence to battery sheet surface such as air, moisture, is a kind of test battery efficient ways that decays for a long time.But the drawback of this method is can not outdoor photoenvironment that is virtually reality like reality, because the vacuum requirement is arranged, the size of control box limits to some extent, is unfavorable for the operation of battery sheet in enormous quantities simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The control and measuring method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell of simple and feasible, thereby this method can effectively avoid battery grid line oxidation after long-time illumination to cause the problem of test result distortion, and do not need additionally to provide expensive equipment, test result reliability repeatability is high, be applicable to the long-time photo attenuation monitoring to any battery, and can simulating chamber outer true photoenvironment operation is for the research and development production of silicon chip and battery sheet provides reference.
The control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of a kind of solar cell provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) selects the target battery sheet, test battery sheet electric property;
(2) battery sheet positive and negative electrode is welded with welding respectively, and adopt bus-bar that electric current is drawn;
(3) lamination battery sheet is made the monolithic packaged battery;
(4) connect connection terminal at the bus-bar of drawing;
(5) in the initial packaged battery efficient of efficiency test board test;
(6) packaged battery is placed illumination under the light source;
(7) reach the expectation irradiation and take off battery afterwards, and place testing efficiency on the efficiency test board again;
(8) repeat the illumination test process, obtain the long-time photo attenuation curve of battery.
Target battery sheet described in the step (1) can be monocrystalline silicon battery sheet, polycrystal silicon cell sheet or other novel thin film solar battery sheet; Described monocrystalline silicon battery sheet or polycrystal silicon cell sheet are mixed Ga for mixing B, mix p-type sheet or the n matrix of Ge etc.
Welding described in the step (2) and battery sheet both positive and negative polarity main grid coupling, described welding is identical with the product line or customize voluntarily according to battery types; The long-pending cross-sectional area that should be not less than used welding of described bus bar cross section.
Light source described in the step (6) is solar simulator or outdoor sunshine; During illumination, can monoblock battery directly under open loop state, shine, monolithic battery series connection and short circuit that also can each is packaged, simulation power station real work environment shines.
Initial irradiation is 0.1-20kwh in step (7) and (8), and follow-up irradiation irradiation at interval is 0.5-50kwh, should treat after illumination finishes that battery is cooled to room temperature and carries out efficiency measurement again.
Compare with existing method of testing, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) method of testing simple and feasible provided by the invention does not need to increase extra equipment, can effectively avoid in the existing test pattern grid line oxidation after the illumination of battery sheet to cause the problem of test result distortion.
(2) method of testing provided by the invention is directly applied for the monitoring of the photo attenuation of monolithic battery sheet, light decay variation tendency that can more real reaction cell itself.In the solar components factory, the big block assembly (60 or 72 batteries) of tradition also can carry out the photo attenuation experiment, if but the decay of polylith battery sheet is inconsistent, and the current/voltage matching degree is bad, is difficult to obtain battery sheet self light decay situation accurately.
(3) method of testing provided by the invention can better analog solar power station working condition.The packaged battery both positive and negative polarity short circuit of making is placed on illumination under the sun, and simulation power station working environment that can be simple and fast obtains more real cell decay change curve.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of packaged battery in the embodiment of the invention, and packaged battery is followed successively by glass from top to bottom, EVA, and the front electrode welding, the battery sheet, the backplate welding, EVA and backboard are among the figure: 1, backplate welding; 2, backplate bus-bar; 3, battery sheet; 4, glass; 5, front electrode bus-bar; 6, front electrode welding;
Fig. 2 is 221 hours photo attenuation change curves of monocrystalline silicon battery sheet in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is 221 hours photo attenuation change curves of different film source polycrystal silicon cell sheets in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is 167 hours photo attenuation change curves of n type battery sheet in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment has illustrated the utilization of this method of testing on the common B of mixing monocrystalline silicon battery sheet.The initial irradiation of battery is 5kw.h, and follow-up interval irradiation is 18kw.h.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) choose 5 156S monocrystalline and mix the B sheet, its average power is 4.46W;
(2) welding battery sheet, the welding specification is 180mm x 1.6mm x 0.15mm, and adopts bus-bar that electric current is drawn, the bus-bar specification is 300mm x 6mm x 0.4mm;
(3) battery lamella press seal is adorned;
(4) connect connection terminal at the bus-bar of drawing;
(5) test package battery starting efficiency on the efficiency test board;
(6) packaged battery is placed illumination 5h under the solar simulator, the simulator light intensity is 1000W.m
-2
(7) illumination finishes to be placed on testing efficiency on the efficiency test board;
(8) battery that test is finished places 1000W.m
-2Illumination under the solar simulator, every 18h tests efficient at interval one time, obtains the long-time photo attenuation curve of battery.
Present embodiment is tested monocrystalline silicon battery efficient with the situation of change of light application time, the efficient distortion that can effectively avoid the oxidation of battery grid line to cause with after the battery laminated encapsulation.Fig. 2 has listed the common B of mixing monocrystalline silicon battery sheet photo attenuation situation over time, can see that mixing B battery sheet photo attenuation after 5h illumination reaches maximal value, along with light application time increases, the photo attenuation value progressively descends, explanation is along with the increase of light application time, and battery performance is recovering gradually.This result has effectively illustrated the necessity of long-term decay monitoring, and traditional 5000W.h irradiation is the attenuation of reaction cell really.
Present embodiment has illustrated the utilization of this method of testing on common polycrystal silicon cell sheet is decayed monitoring for a long time, and for more different film source light decay situations, present embodiment has been selected domestic 2 kinds of different film sources.The initial irradiation of battery is 5kw.h, and follow-up interval irradiation is 18kw.h.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) choose 10 156M polycrystal silicon cell sheets, each 5 of domestic two tame different film sources, its average power is respectively 4.12W and 4.27W;
(2) welding battery sheet, the welding specification is 180mm x 1.6mm x 0.15mm, and adopts bus-bar that electric current is drawn, the bus-bar specification is 300mm x 1.6mm x 0.25mm;
(3) battery lamella press seal is adorned;
(4) connect connection terminal at the bus-bar of drawing;
(5) test package battery starting efficiency on the efficiency test board;
(6) packaged battery both positive and negative polarity short circuit is placed on 1000W.m
-2Illumination 5h under the solar simulator;
(7) illumination finishes to be placed on testing efficiency on the efficiency test board;
(8) battery that test is finished both positive and negative polarity short circuit again, and place 1000W.m
-2Illumination under the solar simulator, every 18h tests efficient at interval one time, obtains the long-time photo attenuation curve of polycrystal silicon cell.
Present embodiment has been tested the situation of change of two tame different film source polysilicon solar cell photo attenuation with light application time, and in the illumination process with the battery plus-negative plate short circuit with analog solar power station real work situation.Fig. 3 is two kinds of polycrystal silicon cell sheet photo attenuation situations over time, can see that domestic-2 attenuation amplitude is obviously greater than domestic-1, but both variation tendencies are identical, photo attenuation all progressively increases with the increase of light application time, and the polycrystalline photo attenuation that this result and traditional concept are thought is little also inconsistent than single crystal battery.Experimental result shows, though when initial 5000W.h irradiation, the photo attenuation that the monocrystalline silicon battery sheet shows is bigger than polycrystal silicon cell sheet, monitor the result for a long time and differs widely, and understands the necessity that long-term photo attenuation is monitored furtherly.
Present embodiment has illustrated the utilization of this method of testing in the monitoring of n type crystal silicon solar cell sheet photo attenuation.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) choose 5 156S n type battery sheets, its average power is 4.80W, and av eff is 20.09%;
(2) welding battery sheet, the welding specification is 180mm x 1.6mm x 0.15mm, and adopts bus-bar that electric current is drawn, the bus-bar specification is 300mm x 3mm x 0.4mm;
(3) battery lamella press seal is adorned;
(4) connect connection terminal at the bus-bar of drawing;
(5) test package battery starting efficiency on the efficiency test board;
(6) packaged battery is placed illumination 5h under the outdoor sunshine in fine day;
(7) illumination finishes to be placed on testing efficiency on the efficiency test board;
(8) battery that test is finished places outdoor illumination again, 9:00-15:00 illumination every day 6h when fine, and efficient of every illumination 18h test obtains the long-time photo attenuation curve of battery.
Present embodiment has been tested the situation of change of n type crystal silicon battery efficient with light application time, and packaged battery sheet is placed outdoor illumination, simulates outdoor situation.Fig. 4 has listed n type battery sheet photo attenuation situation over time, can see that n type battery sheet photo attenuation value is along with the time variation fluctuated at zero point, the almost not decay under long-time illumination of n matrix is described, the fluctuation up and down of LID value may be that test error causes, within zone of reasonableness.
Present embodiment has illustrated the utilization of this method of testing in common gallium doped monocrystaline silicon battery sheet photo attenuation monitoring.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) choose 5 156S and mix gallium battery sheet, its average power is 4.45W, and av eff is 18.62%;
(2) welding battery sheet, the welding specification is 180mm x 1.6mm x 0.15mm, and adopts bus-bar that electric current is drawn, the bus-bar specification is 300mm x 3mm x 0.4mm;
(3) battery lamella press seal is adorned;
(4) connect connection terminal at the bus-bar of drawing;
(5) test package battery starting efficiency on the efficiency test board;
(6) packaged battery is placed illumination 2h under the outdoor sunshine in fine day;
(7) illumination finishes to be placed on testing efficiency on the efficiency test board;
(8) battery that test is finished places outdoor illumination again, 9:00-15:00 illumination every day 6h when fine, and efficient of every illumination 12h test obtains the long-time photo attenuation curve of battery.
Present embodiment has been tested the situation of change of gallium doped monocrystaline silicon battery efficiency with light application time, and packaged battery sheet is placed outdoor illumination, simulates outdoor situation.Present embodiment illumination is shorter at interval, can more intensive detection mix the long-term light decay situation of gallium battery sheet.
Claims (8)
1. the control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell may further comprise the steps:
(1) selects the target battery sheet, test battery sheet electric property;
(2) battery sheet positive and negative electrode is welded with welding respectively, and adopt bus-bar that electric current is drawn;
(3) lamination battery sheet is made the monolithic packaged battery;
(4) connect connection terminal at the bus-bar of drawing;
(5) in the initial packaged battery efficient of efficiency test board test;
(6) packaged battery is placed illumination under the light source;
(7) reach the expectation irradiation and take off battery afterwards, and place testing efficiency on the efficiency test board again;
(8) repeat the illumination test process, obtain the long-time photo attenuation curve of battery.
2. the control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the target battery sheet described in the step (1) is monocrystalline silicon battery sheet or polycrystal silicon cell sheet.
3. the control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described monocrystalline silicon battery sheet or polycrystal silicon cell sheet are mixed Ga for mixing B, mix p-type sheet or the n matrix of Ge.
4. the control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the welding described in the step (2) and battery sheet both positive and negative polarity main grid coupling, described welding is identical with the product line or customize voluntarily according to battery types.
5. the control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the bus bar cross section described in the step (2) is long-pending to be not less than used welding cross-sectional area.
6. the control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the light source described in the step (6) is solar simulator or outdoor sunshine.
7. the control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in the step (6) packaged battery is placed under the light source illumination time, monoblock battery is directly shone under open loop state, or the monolithic battery that each is packaged series connection and short circuit, simulation power station real work environment shines.
8. the control and measuring method of the long-term photo attenuation performance of solar cell according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: initial irradiation is 0.1-20kwh in step (7) and (8), follow-up irradiation irradiation at interval is 0.5-50kwh, treats after illumination finishes that battery is cooled to room temperature and carries out efficiency measurement again.
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CN103928549A (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-07-16 | 杭州勇电照明有限公司 | Pouring solidification type solar module and forming method thereof |
CN104505424A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2015-04-08 | 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 | Device reducing light degradation of solar cell and method thereof |
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CN112017984B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2024-10-18 | 无锡尚德太阳能电力有限公司 | Method for testing high-temperature attenuation of back passivation solar cell |
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