CN103336057B - Acoustic detection system for cast iron material defects - Google Patents
Acoustic detection system for cast iron material defects Download PDFInfo
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- CN103336057B CN103336057B CN201210013004.4A CN201210013004A CN103336057B CN 103336057 B CN103336057 B CN 103336057B CN 201210013004 A CN201210013004 A CN 201210013004A CN 103336057 B CN103336057 B CN 103336057B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an acoustic detection system for cast iron material defects. The acoustic detection system comprises an excitation module, a reception module, a calibration module, a calculation module, a display module and a storage module. The calibration module is used for determining the coordinate system of the surface of a plate to be detected. The calculation module is used for calculating an amplitude of a scanning probe at a real-time position, comparing the amplitude with a standard attenuation amplitude corresponding to the position, and calculating a difference percentage of the two amplitudes. The display module is used for displaying the difference percentage, a given permissible difference percentage threshold value and the coordinate system determined by the calibration module, and displaying the surface of the cast iron plate to be detected, real-time position of an excitation probe, and real-time position of the scanning probe in the coordinate system. Detection results can be visually, rapidly and accurately obtained by the acoustic detection system provided by the invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nondestructive testing, particularly relate to a kind of acoustic testing system of cast iron materials defect.
Background technology
Cast iron materials, has excellent castability, wearing quality and shock absorption due to it and yields is high, cost is low, and the equipment such as city gas pipeline, paper-making drying cylinder, automobile or component are all widely applied.But the inherent feature of cast iron materials adds the singularity of casting technique, make unavoidable existing defects in cast iron class A of geometric unitA and equipment, common defect has: pore, slag inclusion, cold shut, shrinkage cavity and loose, crackle etc.At present, the Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement of cast iron materials inherent vice mainly contains ray detection method and pulse-echo ultrasound ripple detection method.Ray detection method can detect the manufacturing defect such as pore, loose, cold shut and shrinkage cavity, owing to needing all standing radiation exposure, and the difference in the uneven and gray scale of cast iron inner structure, its detection efficiency is lower, and cost is high.Because being subject to the impact of cast iron materials coarse grains, loose, the slag inclusion that pulse-echo ultrasound ripple detection method only can detect that cast iron materials produces in the fabrication process and shrinkage cavity defect.For the cast iron equipment after coming into operation or component, the fatigue crack defect easily occurred under operation, ray detection method detection sensitivity is low, efficiency is low, testing cost is high, is not applied; And the sensitivity of pulse-echo ultrasound ripple detection method is lower, also there is no more ripe instruments and methods at present, and need under end-of-life state, carry out large-area pointwise continuous scanning during its detection, detection efficiency is low, detection time is long, causes user to produce larger economic loss.
Prior art expands reflective detection and transmission-type detection for the ultrasonic detection method bag of metal material defect.Wherein, reflective detection needs pointwise scanning, wastes time and energy; And transmission-type scanning scanning probe and incentive probe are in the both sides of to be checked respectively, alignment difficulties between the two.
The more important thing is, when existing acoustic testing system carries out defects detection to metal, the hand push detection ruler that adopts determines the pre-shift position of popping one's head in more, and it is inaccurate that this just makes probe positions determine; And need in scanning process on board under test continuous mark examine region, operation is wasted time and energy; And existing detection system can not determine examined position whether existing defects in the detection in real time, often needs just can obtain according to the data processing in later stage.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is quick, directly perceived, the accurate on-line checkingi how simultaneously realizing cast iron materials crack defect.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of acoustic testing system of cast iron materials defect, it comprises: stimulating module, is arranged on above cast iron plate to be measured, for launching ultrasonic action pulse signal to described cast iron plate to be measured; Receiver module, is arranged on above described cast iron plate to be measured, for receiving the signal of ultrasonic action pulse signal at diverse location place after described cast iron plate propagation attenuation to be measured that described stimulating module sends; Scaling module, comprises at least three scaling unit that can be fixedly arranged on described cast iron plate surface to be measured, to set up coordinate system on described cast iron plate surface to be measured, determines described stimulating module and the position of receiver module in described coordinate system; Computing module, is connected with scaling module with described receiver module, for recording the signal amplitude at described receiver module position place, this signal amplitude and standard attenuation amplitude is compared, and judges described cast iron plate to be measured whether existing defects; Wherein, described standard attenuation amplitude for arranging ultrasonic excitation signal same as described above and the signal amplitude obtained through identical path arrival receiver module on the cast iron plate of flawless same material.
Wherein, described stimulating module comprises incentive probe and coupled pulse signal generator, described pulse signal generator produces pulse signal and is supplied to described incentive probe, described incentive probe is removably fixed on cast iron plate to be measured, for launching ultrasonic action pulse signal to described cast iron plate to be measured.
Wherein, described receiver module comprises the scanning probe, signal amplifier and the signal preprocessor that are connected in turn, described scanning probe is arranged on described cast iron plate to be measured movably, receive the signal of described ultrasonic action pulse signal at diverse location place after described cast iron plate propagation attenuation to be measured, the signal received outputs to described signal preprocessor and is converted to digital signal after described signal amplifier amplifies, and is then delivered to the signals collecting end of described computing module.
Wherein, also comprise: display module, be connected with computing module with described scaling module, for showing the coordinate system that described scaling module is determined, and the surface at described cast iron plate place to be measured, incentive probe and the real time position of scanning probe in described coordinate system; And show the signal amplitude at described receiver module position place and system judge described cast iron plate to be measured whether existing defects time required threshold value.
Wherein, also comprise: memory module, being connected with described computing module, storing for each real-time coordinates of the coordinate of each scaling unit, described incentive probe and described scanning probe, scanning being completed region, the signal amplitude of defect domain of the existence and each scanning position described and standard attenuation amplitude.
Wherein, each scaling unit described, incentive probe and scanning probe are respectively arranged with RFID tag.
Wherein, also comprise the mobile control module be connected with described scanning probe, described mobile control module is for controlling the movement of described scanning probe on cast iron plate to be measured.
(3) beneficial effect
The acoustic testing system of the cast iron materials defect that technique scheme provides, be applicable to the quick detection of cast iron equipment or Component Crack Defect, can normally run at equipment or component or carry out on-line checkingi in of short duration process out of service, avoid the long-time economic loss detecting and bring that stops production; And demarcation to be measured, not survey region and defect area can be completed, realize intuitively, quickly and accurately obtaining testing result simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the formation diagram of the acoustic testing system of the cast iron materials defect of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the display image diagram of the display unit of the acoustic testing system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1: cast iron plate to be measured; 2: scaling unit; 3: incentive probe; 4: scanning probe; 5: computing module; 6: display module; 7: pulse signal generator; 8: signal amplifier; 9: signal preprocessor; 10: memory module.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 shows the acoustic testing system pie graph of the cast iron materials defect of the present embodiment.With reference to diagram, it mainly comprises stimulating module, receiver module, scaling module, computing module, display module and memory module; Wherein,
Stimulating module, comprise incentive probe 3 and coupled pulse signal generator 7, pulse signal generator 7 is supplied to incentive probe 3 for generation of pulse signal, and incentive probe 3 is removably fixed on cast iron plate 1 to be measured, for launching ultrasonic action pulse signal to cast iron plate 1 to be measured;
Receiver module, it comprises the scanning probe 4, signal amplifier 8 and the signal preprocessor 9 that are connected in turn, scanning probe 4 is arranged on cast iron plate 1 to be measured movably, to receive the ultrasonic action pulse signal that sends from incentive probe 3 after cast iron plate 1 propagation attenuation to be measured at the signal of diverse location, the signal received outputs to signal preprocessor 9 and is converted to digital signal after signal amplifier 8 amplifies, and is then delivered to the signals collecting end of computing module 5;
Scaling module, comprise at least three scaling unit 2 that can be fixedly arranged on cast iron plate to be measured, at least three scaling unit 2 are remotely arranged as much as possible mutually near the border of cast iron plate 1 to be measured as far as possible, to make the real-time distance of each scaling unit 2 and incentive probe 3, and each scaling unit 2 is more accurate with the mensuration of the real-time distance of scanning probe 4; At least three scaling unit 2, for determining the surface of cast iron plate 1 to be measured, coordinate system are set up on the surface of cast iron plate 1 to be measured, are therefrom obtained the coordinate of at least three scaling unit 2; Each scaling unit 2 can intercom each other mutually, between each scaling unit 2 and incentive probe 3, also can intercom mutually between each scaling unit 2 with scanning probe 4, with according to they separately between distance relation and in set up coordinate system, determine the real-time coordinates position of incentive probe 3 and scanning probe 4, and obtained coordinate information is inputed to the coordinate collection terminal of computing module 5;
Computing module 5, be connected with signal preprocessor 9 with scaling module, for recording the amplitude at real time position place residing for scanning probe 4, the standard attenuation amplitude at described amplitude and respective distances place is compared, and and then calculate both difference number percent, this place's respective distances refers to the distance between incentive probe 3 and scanning probe 4, and standard attenuation amplitude refers to and arrange ultrasonic excitation signal same as described above and the signal amplitude obtained through identical path arrival receiver module on the cast iron plate of flawless same material;
Display module 6, be connected with computing module 5, for demonstrating above-mentioned difference number percent, the phase tolerace percentage threshold of setting and described coordinate system, and the real time position of the surface at cast iron plate 1 place to be measured, incentive probe 3 and scanning probe 4 is presented in described coordinate system;
Memory module 10, be connected with computing module 5, for each real-time coordinates of the coordinate of each scaling unit 2, incentive probe 3 and scanning probe 4, scanning being completed region, the difference percentages of defect domain of the existence and each scanning position described stores for later stage inquiry.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, incentive probe 3 and scanning probe 4 utilize fixture to be fixed on the cast iron plate to be measured 1 of plane, be provided with couplant, be also provided with couplant between scanning probe 4 and cast iron plate to be measured 1 between incentive probe 3 and cast iron plate to be measured 1.
Due to three not point on the same line can determine a plane, therefore, three that the cast iron plate to be measured 1 of plane sets firmly not scaling unit 2 on the same line can determine the plane at cast iron plate 1 place to be measured.In described plane, set up coordinate system, wherein, initial point and setting up of X/Y axle can be any, such as, with the initial position of incentive probe 3 for initial point, can be in the mode of different quadrant respectively to set up coordinate system with three scaling unit 2.
The coordinate figure of three scaling unit 2 is obtained in the coordinate system set up.Utilize RFID radio-frequency technique, multiple RFID tag is separately positioned on above-mentioned three scaling unit 2 and incentive probe 3 and scanning probe 4, according to the phase mutual edge distance of triangle polyester fibre principle and three scaling unit 2 and incentive probe 3 or scanning probe 4, computing module 5 can calculate the real-time coordinates value of incentive probe 3 or scanning probe 4, and the coordinate figure of each scaling unit 2 and incentive probe 3 are real-time transmitted to display module 6 with the real-time coordinates value of scanning probe 4 and show.Thus, be not difficult to learn according to common practise, also can adopt more scaling unit to determine the board under test with more complex surface structures, such as the board under test on cylinder or conical surface surface, and and then set up three-dimensional system of coordinate; Also the method for sound ranging location can be adopted to obtain the real time position of incentive probe and scanning probe.
Prepare a pair in advance than test plate (panel), this contrast test plate (panel) material and size shape identical with board under test, its inside does not have defect.It is detected, obtains and change with the spacing of scanning probe 4 according to incentive probe 3 and the master output die-away curve that changes.Computing module 5 has coordinate collection terminal and signals collecting end, respectively corresponding each coordinate information of collection and signal message.The described amplitude recorded in real time in cast iron plate 1 to be measured is carried out calculating with the range value on the master output die-away curve at respective distances place and is compared by computing module 5, thus calculates both difference number percent (difference Percentage definitions is the number percent that both differences account for corresponding standard attenuation amplitude); By comparing amplitude fading, can determine there is zero defect within the scope of the line segment between incentive probe 3 and scanning probe 4, and sweeping difference without the need to pointwise, thus substantially increasing detection speed and efficiency.
In fig. 2, the difference percentage threshold presetting permission is 6%, the region exceeded between scanning probe 4 position of this threshold value and incentive probe 3 position is there is the defect domain of the existence exceeding allowable defect, can obtain the particular location of this defect in described defect domain of the existence by the Scan pitch progressively shortened between scanning probe 4 and incentive probe 3; In fig. 2, the difference number percent sweeping poor probe 4 calculated is 8%, then now judge that the line segment between incentive probe 3 and scanning probe 4 exists the defect exceeding allowable defect degree, this line segment moves scanning repeatedly by the Scan pitch progressively between shortening scanning probe 4 and incentive probe 3, there is the defect exceeding allowable defect in a certain location point place of final acquisition, recording this location point is defect area, is labeled as scanning zone A by sweeping the region differed from display module.Coordinate in whole scanning process and range signal data are recorded in memory module 10.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the quick detection of cast iron equipment or Component Crack Defect, can normally run at equipment or component or carry out on-line checkingi in of short duration process out of service, avoid the long-time economic loss detecting and bring that stops production; And demarcation to be measured, not survey region and defect area can be completed, realize intuitively, quickly and accurately obtaining testing result simultaneously.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and replacement, these improve and replace and also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an acoustic testing system for cast iron materials defect, is characterized in that, comprising: stimulating module, is arranged on above cast iron plate to be measured, for launching ultrasonic action pulse signal to described cast iron plate to be measured; Receiver module, is arranged on above described cast iron plate to be measured, for receiving the signal of ultrasonic action pulse signal at diverse location place after described cast iron plate propagation attenuation to be measured that described stimulating module sends; Scaling module, comprises at least three scaling unit that can be fixedly arranged on described cast iron plate surface to be measured, to set up coordinate system on described cast iron plate surface to be measured, determines described stimulating module and the position of receiver module in described coordinate system; Computing module, is connected with scaling module with described receiver module, for recording the signal amplitude at described receiver module position place, this signal amplitude and standard attenuation amplitude is compared, and judges described cast iron plate to be measured whether existing defects; Wherein, described standard attenuation amplitude for arranging ultrasonic excitation signal same as described above and the signal amplitude obtained through identical path arrival receiver module on the cast iron plate of flawless same material;
Wherein, described stimulating module comprises incentive probe and coupled pulse signal generator, described pulse signal generator produces pulse signal and is supplied to described incentive probe, described incentive probe is removably fixed on cast iron plate to be measured, for launching ultrasonic action pulse signal to described cast iron plate to be measured;
Described receiver module comprises the scanning probe, signal amplifier and the signal preprocessor that are connected in turn, described scanning probe is arranged on described cast iron plate to be measured movably, receive the signal of described ultrasonic action pulse signal at diverse location place after described cast iron plate propagation attenuation to be measured, the signal received outputs to described signal preprocessor and is converted to digital signal after described signal amplifier amplifies, and is then delivered to the signals collecting end of described computing module;
Described in each, scaling unit intercoms each other mutually, scaling unit described in each also intercoms between scaling unit and described scanning probe mutually with between described incentive probe, described in each, with according to described in each between scaling unit, scaling unit described in each and between described incentive probe and scaling unit described in each and the distance relation between described scanning probe and determine the real-time coordinates position of described incentive probe and described scanning probe in set up coordinate system, and obtained coordinate information is inputed to the coordinate collection terminal of computing module.
2. the acoustic testing system of cast iron materials defect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise: display module, be connected with computing module with described scaling module, for showing the coordinate system that described scaling module is determined, and the surface at described cast iron plate place to be measured, incentive probe and the real time position of scanning probe in described coordinate system; And show the signal amplitude at described receiver module position place and system judge described cast iron plate to be measured whether existing defects time required threshold value.
3. the acoustic testing system of cast iron materials defect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise: memory module, being connected with described computing module, storing for each real-time coordinates of the coordinate of each scaling unit, described incentive probe and described scanning probe, scanning being completed region, the signal amplitude of defect domain of the existence and each scanning position described and standard attenuation amplitude.
4. the acoustic testing system of cast iron materials defect as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, each scaling unit described, incentive probe and scanning probe are respectively arranged with RFID tag.
5. the acoustic testing system of cast iron materials defect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the mobile control module be connected with described scanning probe, described mobile control module is for controlling the movement of described scanning probe on cast iron plate to be measured.
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| CN201210013004.4A CN103336057B (en) | 2012-01-16 | 2012-01-16 | Acoustic detection system for cast iron material defects |
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| CN201210013004.4A CN103336057B (en) | 2012-01-16 | 2012-01-16 | Acoustic detection system for cast iron material defects |
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| US6865948B1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2005-03-15 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company | Method of wafer edge damage inspection |
| CN203148899U (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2013-08-21 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Acoustic detection system for cast iron material defects |
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| JP2005156305A (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-06-16 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Evaluation method of internal defect |
| CN1865981A (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2006-11-22 | 西北工业大学 | Ultrasonic frequency spectrum detection method for minute impurity in aluminum alloy |
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| SU478243A1 (en) * | 1973-01-02 | 1975-07-25 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6762 | Flaw detector |
| US6865948B1 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2005-03-15 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company | Method of wafer edge damage inspection |
| CN203148899U (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2013-08-21 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Acoustic detection system for cast iron material defects |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 便携式超声波P扫描成象仪研究;郑中兴等;《无损检测》;19980831;第20卷(第8期);第216页右栏第4-5段、第217页右栏倒数第1段 * |
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