CN103615995A - Method for lossless evaluation of thickness of thin cladding layer based on ultrasonic surface waves - Google Patents
Method for lossless evaluation of thickness of thin cladding layer based on ultrasonic surface waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN103615995A CN103615995A CN201310573756.0A CN201310573756A CN103615995A CN 103615995 A CN103615995 A CN 103615995A CN 201310573756 A CN201310573756 A CN 201310573756A CN 103615995 A CN103615995 A CN 103615995A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for lossless evaluation of the thickness of a thin cladding layer based on ultrasonic surface waves. According to an attenuation law of the ultrasonic surface waves in a medium, a relation between transmission distances and received signal characteristic parameters of the ultrasonic surface waves in a laser cladding layer sample is established, the optimal transmission distance is selected to serve as the separation distance between a transmitting probe and a receiving probe, a double-ultrasonic surface wave probe is manufactured, a node of a beginning wave signal of the ultrasonic surface waves on a time shaft is kept unchanged, so that the time differences of received signals of the ultrasonic surface waves in the laser cladding layer sample in various thicknesses are calculated, a relation between the time differences and the thicknesses of the laser cladding layer is established, a formula used for evaluating the thickness of the laser cladding layer is obtained through fitting, the time differences of the received signals of the ultrasonic surface waves in the laser cladding layer sample are collected and calculated, the time differences are substituted into the calibrated formula, lossless evaluation of the thickness of the laser cladding layer can be achieved, operation is simple and convenient, and detection is rapid.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of non-destructive measuring method of thin cladding layer thickness, relates in particular to a kind of thin cladding layer thickness Nondestructive Evaluation method based on ultrasonic surface wave.
Background technology
At present, China has a large amount of wastes of iron and steel parts to carry out the recovery of material level and cause the waste of resource, the energy and the pollution of environment as scrap iron and steel every year.From resource, environment and Sustainable Socioeconomic Development, wastes of iron and steel parts are reclaimed and manufacture and process again, the coordinated development of energy-saving material-saving, environmental protection and promotion social economy and environment is significant.
The coating of preparing desired properties at waste and old surface of the work is to improve surface of the work performance and the effective ways in reenlist life-span.Laser melting and coating technique has that cladding efficiency is high, heat-affected zone is little, forms the advantages such as metallurgical binding with matrix, thereby obtains extensive concern and application in manufacture field again.Laser melting coating layer thickness is to affect laser melting coating one of the key factor of capability and performance that manufactures a product again, especially for sealing or cooperation parts, therefore, laser melting coating layer thickness is evaluated to the quality that assurance laser melting coating is manufactured a product again very important with regard to what show.At present, method for measuring thickness is mainly metallographic method, ultrasonic longitudinal wave method and electromagnetic method etc., although said method can, in the evaluation that to a certain degree realizes laser melting coating layer thickness, all exist certain problem, as metallographic method need destroy the whole usability of sample, and it is sampling Detection; Ultrasonic longitudinal wave method exists and detects blind area at specimen surface, can not realize the evaluation of thin laser cladding layer (thickness≤3.0mm) thickness; Electromagnetic method is only applicable to conduction/magnetic material, and limitation is larger.But for the parts of sealing or precision-fit, laser melting coating layer thickness is generally less, if thereby can set up the Nondestructive Evaluation method of a set of effective thin laser melting coating layer thickness, very great to improving the meaning of reliability that laser melting coating manufactures a product again and security.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in existing thin cladding layer Thickness Evaluation technology, a kind of Nondestructive Evaluation method based on ultrasonic surface wave is proposed, this not only can realize, and thin cladding layer thickness is quick, convenient, Nondestructive Evaluation, the security-hidden trouble of avoiding sampling Detection to bring, improve thin cladding layer Thickness Evaluation result precision, also at length provided on this basis the technical method of realizing thin cladding layer thickness Nondestructive Evaluation, the reliability and the security that for raising cladding, manufacture a product provide technical support again.
The ultrasonic surface wave evaluation of thin cladding layer thickness realizes in ultrasonic surface wave velocity of propagation Fundamentals of Measurement in laser cladding layer sample, by setting up relation between cladding layer thickness and ultrasonic surface wave velocity of propagation, realizes the Nondestructive Evaluation of cladding layer thickness.In view of the difficulty of accurate measurement ultrasonic surface wave velocity of propagation in cladding layer sample larger, thereby, the present invention turns to and calculates the change that ultrasonic surface wave characterizes velocity of propagation by the same distance mistiming used in cladding layer sample and measure, set up ultrasonic surface wave in different-thickness cladding layer sample by relation between same distance mistiming used and thickness.
This corresponding relation can obtain by following steps:
A＝a·L
b （1）
In formula (1): A: ultrasonic surface wave receives signal amplitude;
L: the propagation distance of ultrasonic surface wave in laser cladding layer sample;
A, b: the constant relevant to laser cladding layer sample character;
Obtain characterizing the relational expression of ultrasonic surface wave decay, calculate propagation distance corresponding when receiving signal amplitude and reducing to maximal value 60% as the spacing of transmitting probe and receiving transducer, the two ultrasonic surface waves probes of preparation (one one receipts).
Step 4, adopts ultrasonic surface wave detection system to detect different-thickness cladding layer standard sample, records detection signal.Define a certain ultrasonic surface wave signal and be reference signal (as: the ultrasonic surface wave signal that the thickness of usining is 0mm standard sample as with reference to signal), calculate the mistiming between each thickness cladding layer standard sample ultrasonic surface wave signal and reference signal, and as the characteristic parameter of evaluating cladding layer thickness.
Step 5, sets up relation between cladding layer thickness and characteristic parameter, adopts Polynomial curve-fit to obtain cladding layer Thickness Evaluation formula, completes the demarcation of cladding layer thickness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ultrasonic surface wave detection system of the present invention; Wherein, 1: ultrasonic pulse transmitting receiving instrument; 2: data acquisition equipment; 3: oscillograph; 4: analytic system; 5: two ultrasonic surface wave probes; 6: ultrasonic surface wave probe fixing device; 7: data connecting line;
Fig. 2 is the ultrasonic surface wave signal of different-thickness Fe314 laser cladding layer sample of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is mistiming and laser cladding layer thickness relationship curve between Fe314 laser cladding layer sample ultrasonic surface wave signal of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: the present embodiment is implemented take technical solution of the present invention under prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Selecting Fe314 laser cladding layer is that example is evaluated thin cladding layer thickness, and the process that this corresponding relation obtains is as follows:
1, adopt laser melting and coating technique and multilayer to pile up multi-track overlapping mode at 45 steel surface preparation Fe134 laser cladding layers, based on machine-tooled method, prepare thickness and (note: Fe314 laser melting coating layer thickness) be respectively 0.2,0.25,0.35,0.45,0.55 and the Fe314 laser cladding layer sample of 0.65mm.
2, the Fe314 laser cladding layer sample of each thickness is carried out to stress relief annealing, as standard sample, Fe314 laser melting coating layer thickness is demarcated.
3, change ultrasonic surface wave propagation distance, Fe314 laser cladding layer sample ultrasonic surface wave signal while gathering different propagation distance, based on signal analysis, extract and receive signal maximum amplitude, according to formula (1), obtain relation between signal amplitude and propagation distance, see formula (2), corresponding propagation distance when calculating signal amplitude and being reduced to maximal value 60%, as transmitting probe and receiving transducer spacing, preparation transmitting and the two ultrasonic surface wave probes that receive one.
A＝10159·L
-1.5124 （2）
4, the node of fixed standard sample ultrasonic surface wave beginning ripple signal on time shaft is constant, adopts ultrasonic surface wave detection system (see figure 1) to detect the standard Fe314 laser cladding layer sample of each thickness, records detection signal.Fe314 laser cladding layer sample (matrix) the ultrasonic surface wave signal that definition thickness is 0mm is reference signal, calculate mistiming Δ t between each thickness F e314 laser cladding layer sample ultrasonic surface wave signal and reference signal, and as the characteristic parameter of evaluating Fe314 laser melting coating layer thickness.
5, set up relation between Fe314 laser melting coating layer thickness and characteristic parameter (mistiming Δ t between signal), adopt Polynomial curve-fit to obtain Fe314 laser cladding layer Thickness Evaluation formula, see formula (3), complete the demarcation of thin Fe314 laser melting coating layer thickness.
Δt=-4.437×10
3h
4+6.1492×10
3h
3-2.6142×10
3h
2+0.505×10
3h-0.0002 （3）
Wherein, Δ t: mistiming between signal (ns), h:Fe314 laser melting coating layer thickness (mm).
6, adopt ultrasonic surface wave detection system (see figure 1) to gather Fe314 laser cladding layer sample ultrasonic surface wave signal, as detection signal, calculate mistiming Δ t between this detection signal and reference signal, substitution formula (3) calculates Fe314 laser melting coating layer thickness, realizes the Nondestructive Evaluation of thin Fe314 laser melting coating layer thickness.
Claims (3)
1. the thin cladding layer thickness Nondestructive Evaluation method based on ultrasonic surface wave, is characterized in that:
(1) based on laser cladding layer ultrasonic surface wave signal characteristic; select the ultrasonic surface wave of suitable centre frequency; change the propagation distance of ultrasonic surface wave in laser cladding layer sample; gather and extract the maximum amplitude that receives signal; employing formula (1) function is analyzed result, determines that best propagation distance is as the spacing of transmitting probe and receiving transducer;
A＝a·L
b （1）
In formula (1): A: ultrasonic surface wave receives signal amplitude;
L: the propagation distance of ultrasonic surface wave in laser cladding layer sample;
A, b: the constant relevant to laser cladding layer sample character;
(2) fixed transmission probe is constant with receiving transducer spacing; preparation transmitting and the two ultrasonic surface wave probes that receive one; adjusting the node of ultrasonic surface wave beginning ripple signal on time shaft immobilizes; the mistiming of usining between reception signal is as the characteristic parameter that characterizes ultrasonic surface wave velocity of propagation change amount; adopt polynomial function to carry out matching to mistiming and thickness results between laser cladding layer ultrasonic surface wave signal, obtain laser melting coating layer thickness calibration formula;
(3) measurement result is the mean value of ultrasonic surface wave spread scope inner laser cladding layer thickness.
2. a kind of thin cladding layer thickness Nondestructive Evaluation method based on ultrasonic surface wave as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1), usings when receiving signal amplitude and reducing to maximal value 60% corresponding ultrasonic surface wave propagation distance as best propagation distance.
3. a kind of thin cladding layer thickness Nondestructive Evaluation method based on ultrasonic surface wave as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step (2), the procurement process of the mistiming of described reception signal is as follows: each thickness laser cladding layer sample is carried out to stress relief annealing processing, and carry out rating test as standard sample, the ultrasonic surface wave signal that the thickness of usining is 0mm standard sample is as with reference to signal, using the ultrasonic surface wave signal of each thickness calibration sample as calculating signal, obtain calculating mistiming between signal and reference signal can obtain receiving mistiming of signal.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105044132A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-11-11 | 深圳市一体太糖科技有限公司 | Method and system of determining source-detector distance in a microwave probe |
| CN106950922A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-07-14 | 沈阳精新再制造有限公司 | Waste and old spare parts remanufacture process decision method based on two grades of case-based reasonings |
| CN107702668A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of ultrasound thin oil film demarcation testboard |
| CN108489434A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-04 | 燕山大学 | It is a kind of that compound plate thickness can be achieved than the device and method that detects automatically |
| CN111473898A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for correcting influence of thickness of cladding layer on ultrasonic evaluation of stress of cladding layer |
| CN113587866A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-02 | 西安交通大学 | Method for nondestructive measurement of thickness of thin film coating based on grating laser ultrasonic acoustic spectrum |
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| US5663502A (en) * | 1994-10-18 | 1997-09-02 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for measuring thickness of layer using acoustic waves |
| JP2008076055A (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Ohara Inc | Device and method of measuring propagation time of ultrasound wave |
| CN102980539A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-03-20 | 河北省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for measuring thicknesses of metal layer and oxide layer of wall of boiler heating surface tube |
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| CN105044132B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2019-11-12 | 深圳市太赫兹科技有限公司 | A kind of determining method and system of microwave probe source spy distance |
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| CN107702668A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-02-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of ultrasound thin oil film demarcation testboard |
| CN108489434A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-04 | 燕山大学 | It is a kind of that compound plate thickness can be achieved than the device and method that detects automatically |
| CN108489434B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-06-28 | 燕山大学 | It is a kind of that compound plate thickness can be achieved than the device and method that detects automatically |
| US12111290B2 (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2024-10-08 | Dmc Global Inc. | Method and system of identifying a bond boundary between a sound bond and a weak bond in a multilayer article |
| CN111473898A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-31 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for correcting influence of thickness of cladding layer on ultrasonic evaluation of stress of cladding layer |
| CN111473898B (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 江苏科技大学 | Method for correcting influence of thickness of cladding layer on ultrasonic evaluation of stress of cladding layer |
| CN113587866A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-02 | 西安交通大学 | Method for nondestructive measurement of thickness of thin film coating based on grating laser ultrasonic acoustic spectrum |
| CN116106420A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-12 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery defect detection method, device, storage medium and battery defect detection equipment |
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