CN103333451B - 一种高强度塑料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高强度塑料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103333451B
CN103333451B CN201310228561.2A CN201310228561A CN103333451B CN 103333451 B CN103333451 B CN 103333451B CN 201310228561 A CN201310228561 A CN 201310228561A CN 103333451 B CN103333451 B CN 103333451B
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highstrenghtpiston
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screw extruder
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CN103333451A (zh
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康建训
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Ningbo Kangshi Plastic Technology Co., Ltd.
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NINGBO KANGSHI PLASTIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/875—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling for achieving a non-uniform temperature distribution, e.g. using barrels having both cooling and heating zones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/9259—Angular velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92952—Drive section, e.g. gearbox, motor or drive fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种高强度塑料的制备方法，该方法包括下列步骤：称取ABS于90℃下干燥4小时，然后和二氧化硅、玻璃纤维、界面偶联剂、增韧剂和分散润滑剂，于高速搅拌机中以1100转/分钟搅拌5分钟，待均匀后放出；把混合均勺的物料加入长径比(L/D)为40的双螺杆挤出机中，双螺杆挤出机的加工温度：一区温度180℃，二区温度为185℃，三区温度为195℃，四区温度为210℃，五区温度为215℃，六区温度为225℃，七区温度为235℃，八区温度为240℃，主机转速为320转/min；经过挤出后冷却牵条、风干切粒，即制备本发明所述的高强度塑料。本发明所述的方法制得的塑料的强度得到极大增强。

Description

一种高强度塑料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料领域，具体的说，本发明涉及一种高强度塑料的制备方法。
背景技术
ABS（丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯）树脂是重要的通用合成树脂，主体是丙烯腈、丁二烯和苯乙烯的共混物或三元共聚物，是一种坚韧而有刚性的热塑性塑料。其用途非常广泛，汽车工业常用于制造汽车零部件如仪表板、车身外板、内装饰板、方向盘、隔音板、门锁、保险杠、通风管等，家电行业常用于制造如电冰箱、电视机、洗衣机、真空吸尘器、食品搅拌器、电话机的壳体等，在建筑装饰行业常用于制造如卫生器具、游泳池衬里、管材和管件等，另外还用于制造安全帽、摩托车档板、鞋后跟、雪地运动用品、玩具、时钟、音箱外壳、手提箱、纽扣、化妆品盒等日用品和铭牌、装饰品等广告品。
尽管ABS应用广泛，但由于ABS本身分子结构性能的特性，使得ABS在强度方面不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高强度塑料的制备方法。
为了实现本发明的目的，本发明提供一种高强度塑料的制备方法，该方法包括下列步骤：称取ABS于90℃下干燥4小时，然后和二氧化硅、玻璃纤维、界面偶联剂、增韧剂和分散润滑剂，于高速搅拌机中以1100转/分钟搅拌5分钟，待均匀后放出；把混合均勺的物料加入长径比(L/D)为40的双螺杆挤出机中，双螺杆挤出机的加工温度：一区温度180℃，二区温度为185℃，三区温度为195℃，四区温度为210℃，五区温度为215℃，六区温度为225℃，七区温度为235℃，八区温度为240℃，主机转速为320转/min；经过挤出后冷却牵条、风干切粒，即制备本发明所述的高强度塑料。
优选地，各种原料的用量如下：
ABS               40～70重量份；
界面偶联剂        3～8     重量份；
增韧剂            3～10    重量份；
分散润滑剂        0.5～1.0重量份；
二氧化硅       5～10   重量份；
玻璃纤维   10～15  重量份。
优选地，所述界面偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)、γ-（甲基丙烯酰氧）丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)、ABS接枝马来酸(ABS-g-MAH)、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)、聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(LDPE-g-MAH)、线性低密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(LLDPE-g-MAH)、缩水甘油醚型环氧树脂中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述增韧剂为甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(MBS)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、氢化苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯)嵌段共聚物(SEBS)中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述分散润滑剂为硬脂酸单甘油酯、三硬脂酸甘油酯、乙撑双硬脂酰胺、乙撑双月桂酰胺、乙撑双油酸酰胺、低分子量离聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物中的一种或几种。
优选地，各种原料的用量如下：
ABS                                60重量份；
γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷              5  重量份；
甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物    5  重量份；
硬脂酸单甘油酯     0.8重量份；
二氧化硅        8  重量份；
玻璃纤维     13  重量份。
本发明所述的方法制得的塑料的强度得到极大增强。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式的描述对本发明作进一步说明，但这并非是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想，可以做出各种修改或改进，但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想，均在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1
称取600克的ABS于90℃下干燥4小时，然后和二氧化硅80克、玻璃纤维130克、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷50克、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物50克和硬脂酸单甘油酯8克，于高速搅拌机中以1100转/分钟搅拌5分钟，待均匀后放出。把混合均勺的物料加入长径比(L/D)为40的双螺杆挤出机中，双螺杆挤出机的加工温度：一区温度180℃，二区温度为185℃，三区温度为195℃，四区温度为210℃，五区温度为215℃，六区温度为225℃，七区温度为235℃，八区温度为240℃，主机转速为320转/min；经过挤出后冷却牵条、风干切粒，即制备本发明所述的高强度塑料。
实施例2
按照和实施例1相同的方式制备高强度塑料，不同之处在于不使用二氧化硅。
实施例3
按照和实施例1相同的方式制备高强度塑料，不同之处在于不使用玻璃纤维。
实验例
冲击性能按ISO180-93要求进行测试，拉伸性能按ISO527-93要求进行测试、条件为50mm/min，弯曲性能控ISO178-93要求进行测试、条件为2mm/min，结果如下：
项目 测试方法 单位 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
缺口冲击强度 ISO180-93 KJ/m2 7.7 5.3 4.0
拉伸强度 ISO527-93 MPa 168 121 119
断裂伸长率 ISO527-93 % 15.2 11.0 10.5
弯曲强度 ISO178-93 MPa 189 136 137
弯曲模量 ISO178-93 MPa 6500 6100 6210
外观 本色、平整 本色、平整 本色、平整
由此可见，加入二氧化硅和玻璃纤维产生了出乎意料地协同作用。

Claims (1)

1.一种高强度塑料的制备方法，该方法包括下列步骤：称取ABS于90℃下干燥4小时，然后和二氧化硅、玻璃纤维、界面偶联剂、增韧剂和分散润滑剂，于高速搅拌机中以1100转/分钟搅拌5分钟，待均匀后放出；把混合均匀的物料加入长径比(L/D)为40的双螺杆挤出机中，双螺杆挤出机的加工温度：一区温度180℃，二区温度为185℃，三区温度为195℃，四区温度为210℃，五区温度为215℃，六区温度为225℃，七区温度为235℃，八区温度为240℃，主机转速为320转/min；经过挤出后冷却牵条、风干切粒，即制备所述的高强度塑料，
CN201310228561.2A 2013-06-07 2013-06-07 一种高强度塑料的制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN103333451B (zh)

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CN104292740A (zh) * 2014-09-29 2015-01-21 苏州博利迈新材料科技有限公司 一种耐疲劳挡泥板材料及其制备方法
EP3459982A4 (en) * 2016-05-18 2020-02-12 Kuraray Co., Ltd. HYDRATED BLOCK COPOLYMER, VIBRATION DAMPER, MUFFLER, INTERMEDIATE LAYER FOR COMPOSITE GLASS, INSULATION RUBBER, SHOE SOLE MATERIAL, FLOORING MATERIAL, LAMINATE AND COMPOSED GLASS
CN107672549A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2018-02-09 宁波鑫星汽车部件有限公司 汽车格栅
CN113045852A (zh) * 2021-04-12 2021-06-29 苏州润佳高分子材料有限公司 一种低取向abs材料

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CN102276955A (zh) * 2011-07-18 2011-12-14 余姚市中发工程塑料有限公司 一种抗静电玻璃纤维增强abs复合材料

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CN102219980A (zh) * 2011-05-31 2011-10-19 王剑伟 一种abs消光板材的配方及其制造工艺
CN102276955A (zh) * 2011-07-18 2011-12-14 余姚市中发工程塑料有限公司 一种抗静电玻璃纤维增强abs复合材料

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