CN103326459A - Low-voltage direct-current power supply switchover circuit and direct-current power supply - Google Patents
Low-voltage direct-current power supply switchover circuit and direct-current power supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN103326459A CN103326459A CN2013102997848A CN201310299784A CN103326459A CN 103326459 A CN103326459 A CN 103326459A CN 2013102997848 A CN2013102997848 A CN 2013102997848A CN 201310299784 A CN201310299784 A CN 201310299784A CN 103326459 A CN103326459 A CN 103326459A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a low-voltage direct-current power supply switchover circuit. The low-voltage direct-current power supply switchover circuit comprises a first direct-current power supply input end, a second direct-current power supply input end, a load output end, a controlled switch unit and a voltage-reducing isolation unit, wherein the controlled switch unit comprises two switch ends and a control end; the first direct-current power supply input end is connected with the load output end via the voltage-reducing isolation unit, and further connected with the control end of the controlled switch unit; the control end of the controlled switch unit is further grounded via a resistor; the two switch ends of the controlled switch unit are connected to the second direct-current power supply input end and the load output end respectively; switch-on and switch-off between the two switch ends of the controlled switch unit are determined by potential differences between the two switch ends and the control end respectively. The low-voltage direct-current power supply switchover circuit and a direct-current power supply disclosed by the invention have the beneficial effects of low cost and less current consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of power supplies, more particularly, relate to a kind of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit and DC power supply thereof.
Background technology
Usually, in the electronic equipment with the rechargeable type battery, when the electric quantity consumption of battery finishes, will charge again to battery, could allow the equipment operate as normal.In the process that battery is charged, if equipment is using continuing, such situation will take place: consume electricity while namely charge, certainly will cause time-delay to the charging interval.If a kind of circuit is arranged, external power source and battery can automatically switch, namely when charging, the working power of equipment is provided by external power source, external power source also charges to battery simultaneously, and after battery is full of electricity, removes external power source, just by battery equipment is powered, realize the automatic switching function of two power supplys.In the existing scheme, or use relay, or use diode, or use Single-chip Controlling.Little for volume, low in energy consumption electronic product because its cost is higher or current drain is bigger, because of rather than desirable scheme.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, at the defective that above-mentioned cost is higher, current drain is bigger of prior art, provides a kind of cost is lower, current drain is less low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit and DC power supply thereof.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit, comprise first dc supply input, second dc supply input, load output, controlled switch unit and step-down isolated location; Wherein, described controlled switch unit comprises two switch terminals and a control end; Described first dc supply input is connected with described load output by the step-down isolated location, and described first dc supply input also is connected with the control end of described controlled switch unit, and the control end of described controlled switch unit is also by a grounding through resistance; Two switch terminals of described controlled cell are connected to described second dc supply input and described load output; Being switched on or switched off respectively between two switch terminals in described controlled switch unit determined by the potential difference on described two switch terminals and the described control end.
Further, on the described control end current potential more than or equal on described two switch terminals during current potential, described two switch terminals disconnect respectively; Wherein during any one current potential, connect by described two switch terminals less than described switch terminals for current potential on the described control end.
Further, described controlled switch unit is that two its grids link together as control end, the metal-oxide-semiconductor that connects back-to-back.
Further, one source electrode is connected with described second dc supply input in described two metal-oxide-semiconductors, and its drain electrode is connected with the drain electrode of another metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the source electrode of another MOS is connected with described load output.
Further, described metal-oxide-semiconductor is enhancing property P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe.
Further, described step-down isolated location is diode, and the anode of described diode is connected with described first dc supply input, and its negative electrode is connected with described load output.
The invention still further relates to a kind of low-voltage dc power supply, be included as the rechargeable battery of load power supply and be connected low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit between described rechargeable battery positive pole and the load, described low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit is above-mentioned any described low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit; Wherein, described rechargeable battery is second DC power supply, its minus earth; Described first dc supply input is connected with the external dc power that charges for described rechargeable battery; Described power supply also comprises the charging control unit that is connected and is described rechargeable battery charging with the described first dc supply input mouth.
Further, described charging control unit is the battery charging management integrated circuit, and it comprises power end and battery link, and described power end is connected with described first dc supply input, and described battery link is connected with described rechargeable battery is anodal.
Further, also comprise by current-limiting resistance and be serially connected in LED between described first dc supply input and the charging integrated circuit status port, that be used for the described rechargeable battery charged state of expression.
Implement a kind of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit of the present invention and DC power supply thereof, has following beneficial effect: owing to comprise the controlled switch unit in its DC power supply commutation circuit, and this controlled switch unit by using import the different differences of the output voltage of first DC power supply and second DC power supply, not needing to have realized extra control assembly just can realize automatically disconnection or connection between second dc power output end and the load output just having realized the switching of second DC power supply; Simultaneously, because the particularity of the structure of controlled switch unit makes this controlled switch unit not have voltage difference on two switch terminals basically when conducting, so do not have current drain substantially between two switch terminals when its conducting.So its cost is lower, current drain is less.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of commutation circuit among a kind of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit of the present invention and the DC power supply embodiment thereof;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of commutation circuit among the described embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of low-voltage dc power supply among the described embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of low-voltage dc power supply among the described embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit of the present invention and DC power supply embodiment thereof, this commutation circuit comprises first dc supply input, second dc supply input, load output, controlled switch unit and step-down isolated location; Wherein, the controlled switch unit comprises two switch terminals and a control end, and the voltage difference on the voltage on this control end and two switch terminals has determined the connection status between two switch terminals in this controlled switch unit.In the present embodiment, first dc supply input is connected with the load output by the step-down isolated location, and namely first DC power supply is the load power supply by first dc supply input and step-down isolated location; In addition, first dc supply input also is connected with the control end of controlled switch unit, and the control end of controlled switch unit is also by a grounding through resistance; Two switch terminals of controlled switch unit are connected to second dc supply input and load output, namely second DC power supply is the load power supply by second dc supply input and above-mentioned controlled switch unit, when two switch terminals in this controlled switch unit were connected, load was by above-mentioned second DC power supply; When two switch terminals of this controlled switch unit disconnected, second DC power supply and load disconnected; As previously mentioned, being switched on or switched off respectively between two switch terminals in controlled switch unit determined by the potential difference on two switch terminals and the described control end; When current potential on this control end respectively more than or equal to above-mentioned two switch terminals on during current potential, two switch terminals of above-mentioned controlled switch unit disconnect; And when current potential on the control end less than above-mentioned switch terminals wherein during any one current potential, two switch terminals of controlled switch unit are connected.
In the present embodiment, in most cases, second DC power supply is rechargeable battery, when first DC power supply connects, when normally this rechargeable battery need charge, at this moment, battery few of electric weight can be powered, in order to keep necessary supply current, its supply power voltage will inevitably be low than theoretical value when sufficient (or electric weight).Certainly, not only beneficial to charging if when arranging, make the theoretical voltage value of a little higher than second DC power supply of the input voltage value of the direct voltage of winning, also make the more stable work, reliable of this commutation circuit.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of commutation circuit in the present embodiment, and as shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, the step-down isolated location is diode, and the anode of this diode (D1) is stated first dc supply input and connected, and its negative electrode is connected with the load output.When first DC power supply was connected, its voltage was through supply load after the step-down of diode; Simultaneously, the existence of this diode voltage that makes load or second DC power supply be provided in the load can not be transferred to above-mentioned first dc supply input by this diode.
As shown in Figure 2, controlled switch unit (dotted portion among Fig. 2) is that two its grids link together as metal-oxide-semiconductor control end, that connect back-to-back.One source S is connected with second dc supply input in these two metal-oxide-semiconductors, and its drain D is connected with the drain D of another metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the source S of another MOS is connected with the load output, and these two metal-oxide-semiconductors are enhancing property P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipes.
In addition, in the present embodiment, also relate to a kind of low-voltage dc power supply, see also Fig. 3.In the present embodiment, this low-voltage dc power supply is included as the rechargeable battery (second DC power supply 34 among Fig. 3) of load power supply and is connected low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35 between the anodal and load (load output) of this rechargeable battery, wherein, this low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35 is above-mentioned low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuits; Wherein, rechargeable battery is second DC power supply 35, its minus earth; First dc supply input is connected with external dc power (first DC power supply 31); Low-voltage dc power supply in the present embodiment also comprises and is connected with the first dc supply input mouth and is the charging control unit 33 of rechargeable battery charging.In the present embodiment, charging control unit 33 is the battery charging management integrated circuit, and it comprises power end and battery link, and its power end is connected with first dc supply input; Its battery link is connected with above-mentioned rechargeable battery is anodal.In addition, in the present embodiment, this DC power supply also comprises by current-limiting resistance and is serially connected in LED between first dc supply input and the charging integrated circuit status port, that be used for the above-mentioned rechargeable battery charged state of expression.(seeing also Fig. 4)
In the present embodiment, when external power source (first DC power supply 31) does not have connection or input voltage to be 0, the controlled switch unit of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35 is kept closed, make second dc power output end and load output keep being connected, the electricity that rechargeable battery is provided flows to load through low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35; When external power source (first DC power supply 31) connects and suitable input direct voltage is provided, the controlled switch unit of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35 transfers off-state to from closure state, and load is from the step-down isolated location direct power taking of external power source (first DC power supply 31) by above-mentioned low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35; Simultaneously, external power source (first DC power supply 31) charges by 33 pairs of rechargeable batteries in Charge Management unit (second DC power supply 34).
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of above-mentioned low-voltage dc power supply in the present embodiment, and in Fig. 4, U1 is charging management chip, and U2 is rechargeable battery, and Q1, Q2 and R1 form the controlled switch unit of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35 jointly; D1 is the step-down isolated location of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35, is diode; This step-down isolated location stops reverse direction current flow, prevents that current reflux from arriving above-mentioned first dc supply input.D2 and D3 are light-emitting diodes, as the charged state indication.R3 is current-limiting resistance, for D2 and D3 provide suitable electric current.R2 adjusts resistance, is used for the above-mentioned charging management chip of fine setting to the maximum charging current of rechargeable battery.
In the present embodiment, U1 is single-unit lithium cell charging managing chip, maximum charging current can reach 500 milliamperes, need not the outside stream pipe that expands, the negative electrode of the 1 pin sending and receiving optical diode D2 of U1, the negative electrode of the 5 pin sending and receiving optical diode D3 of U1,4 pin of U1 connect external power source, and 3 pin of U1 connect the source electrode of rechargeable battery and PMOS pipe Q2, and the drain electrode of Q2 connects the drain electrode of Q1, the source electrode of Q1 connects negative electrode and the using electricity system of D1, the grid of Q1 and Q2 is connected together, and connects resistance R 1 to ground, and the grid of Q1 and Q2 is received external power source simultaneously, by the having and do not have of external power source (first DC power supply 31) voltage, realize the break-make of the controlled switch of low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit 35.
Q1 and Q2 are enhancement mode P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipes, the SOT23 encapsulation, and volume is little, and the resistance of opening between the hourglass source electrode has only tens milliohms, can be by the electric current (representative value) up to 4.3 amperes.Q1 and Q2 link together back-to-back, make the parasitic diode of Q1 and Q2 also be connected (seeing also Fig. 4) back-to-back, can stop external power source by parasitic diode battery to be charged.
In the present embodiment, when external power source was imported suitable direct voltage, the voltage of Q1 and Q2 grid was higher than the voltage of source electrode, and Q1 and Q2 all end, and external power source is powered by the load of D1, charges by the battery of U1 simultaneously.When external power source did not have input, R1 was with the grounded-grid of Q1 and Q2, and grid voltage is lower than source voltage, the equal conducting of Q1 and Q2, battery can be powered to using electricity system, and the existence of D1 has separated rechargeable battery (second DC power supply 34) and external power source (first DC power supply 31).Because the conducting resistance of Q1 and Q2 is very little, so the pressure drop on Q1 and the Q2 is very little, and its quiescent current is only less than 1 microampere.Therefore, in the present embodiment, add this commutation circuit and realized that rechargeable battery when charging disconnects and be connected the quickening charging rate with load; Simultaneously, when using the rechargeable battery power supply because conducting resistance is minimum, so on this switch, there is not current loss substantially; In addition, also do not need extra device, for example MCU controls, and provides cost savings.
The above embodiment has only expressed several execution mode of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (9)
1. a low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit is characterized in that, comprises first dc supply input, second dc supply input, load output, controlled switch unit and step-down isolated location; Wherein, described controlled switch unit comprises two switch terminals and a control end; Described first dc supply input is connected with described load output by the step-down isolated location, and described first dc supply input also is connected with the control end of described controlled switch unit, and the control end of described controlled switch unit is also by a grounding through resistance; Two switch terminals of described controlled cell are connected to described second dc supply input and described load output; Being switched on or switched off respectively between two switch terminals in described controlled switch unit determined by the potential difference on described two switch terminals and the described control end.
2. low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, more than or equal on described two switch terminals during current potential, described two switch terminals disconnect current potential respectively on the described control end; Wherein during any one current potential, connect by described two switch terminals less than described switch terminals for current potential on the described control end.
3. low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described controlled switch unit is the metal-oxide-semiconductor that two its grids link together and connect as control end, back-to-back.
4. low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, one source electrode is connected with described second dc supply input in described two metal-oxide-semiconductors, and its drain electrode is connected with the drain electrode of another metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the source electrode of another MOS is connected with described load output.
5. low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described metal-oxide-semiconductor is enhancing property P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe.
6. according to any described low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, described step-down isolated location is diode, and the anode of described diode is connected with described first dc supply input, and its negative electrode is connected with described load output.
7. low-voltage dc power supply, it is characterized in that, be included as the rechargeable battery of load power supply and be connected low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit between described rechargeable battery positive pole and the load, described low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit is as any described low-voltage dc power supply commutation circuit of claim 1-6; Wherein, described rechargeable battery is second DC power supply, its minus earth; Described first dc supply input is connected with the external dc power that charges for described rechargeable battery; Described power supply also comprises the charging control unit that is connected and is described rechargeable battery charging with the described first dc supply input mouth.
8. low-voltage dc power supply according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described charging control unit is the battery charging management integrated circuit, it comprises power end and battery link, described power end is connected with described first dc supply input, and described battery link is connected with described rechargeable battery is anodal.
9. low-voltage dc power supply according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, also comprise by current-limiting resistance being serially connected in LED between described first dc supply input and the charging integrated circuit status port, that be used for the described rechargeable battery charged state of expression.
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| CN201310299784.8A CN103326459B (en) | 2013-07-17 | 2013-07-17 | Low-voltage direct-current power supply switchover circuit and direct-current power supply |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103580276A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-12 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | Power supply circuit and power supply switching circuit of clock chip, power supply switching method and microwave oven |
| CN108767975A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-06 | 重庆国翰能源发展有限公司 | A kind of automatic switching control equipment of mixing energy supply |
| CN108954827A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-12-07 | 重庆国翰能源发展有限公司 | A kind of mixing power supply device |
| CN111082485A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-28 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Thermal battery system with voltage output management function |
| WO2020253491A1 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2020-12-24 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Charging circuit, charging chip, mobile terminal, and charging system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103326459B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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Address after: 518000 Guangdong Province Nanshan District Yuehai Street High-tech Zone Community High-tech South Road 017 Wan Delai Building North Block 5 Floor 502B Patentee after: Shenzhen Yiri Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518000 Guangdong city of Shenzhen province Nanshan District Guangdong streets High-tech Industrial Park South seven road No. 11 Shenzhen Software Park building T3 B District 5 floor Patentee before: Shenzhen Yiri Technology Co.,Ltd. |
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| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder |