CN210640722U - Battery switch circuit and power supply management system comprising same - Google Patents
Battery switch circuit and power supply management system comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN210640722U CN210640722U CN201921922474.6U CN201921922474U CN210640722U CN 210640722 U CN210640722 U CN 210640722U CN 201921922474 U CN201921922474 U CN 201921922474U CN 210640722 U CN210640722 U CN 210640722U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a battery switch circuit and contain power supply management system of this circuit. The battery switch circuit includes: the normally open switch of the relay is connected in series in a battery charging and/or discharging path; the MOS tube is respectively connected with a normally open switch of the relay in parallel, and a source electrode and a drain electrode of the MOS tube are respectively connected with two ends of the normally open switch; a delay unit and a control signal input terminal for introducing an external control signal; the control signal input terminal is respectively connected with the coil electrifying control end of the relay and the input end of the delay unit, and the output end of the delay unit is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube. Compared with the traditional contactor or circuit breaker, the switching circuit has small volume and low cost; when making the circuit that cuts off through the delay unit, before the relay action, MOSFET continues to switch on, waits the relay complete disconnection back, and the MOS pipe just breaks off, can reduce the stress of relay disconnection, eliminates the disconnection and draws the arc, avoids the contact of relay to generate heat the damage.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power electronic technology field especially relates to a battery switch circuit and contain power supply management system of this circuit.
Background
In an industrial system, an AC/DC conversion unit is generally configured in a power supply system of a communication device, and the AC/DC conversion unit converts commercial power into a direct-current voltage and outputs the direct-current voltage to a load and a backup battery. Under the condition that the mains supply is normal, the direct-current voltage output by the AC/DC conversion unit supplies power to the load and charges the battery at the same time, and when the mains supply is powered off, the communication equipment is supplied with power through the standby battery. The capacity of the battery is limited, the power supply time of the battery is limited, and if the commercial power is out of power for a long time (that is, the power outage time exceeds the battery standby time), the problem of battery overdischarge occurs when the battery is connected with the load for a long time, so that the battery and the load need to be disconnected when the battery voltage reaches a preset threshold value in the battery discharge process in the prior art, so as to prevent the battery from being damaged due to overdischarge.
The method commonly used in the industry is to disconnect the load and the output path of the AC/DC conversion unit by using a DC contactor, thereby disconnecting the battery and the load, and the specific system structure is shown in fig. 1. However, the direct current contactor used by the technical scheme is large in size and high in cost, so that the occupied space is large, the miniaturization is not facilitated, and the low-cost operation requirement of an enterprise is not facilitated. According to the technical scheme, after a mains supply is powered on, because a load is disconnected with an output passage of an AC/DC conversion unit, an electric signal output by the AC/DC conversion unit firstly charges a battery, and the battery is ensured to be connected with the load after being charged with certain energy, if the battery voltage is regulated to be close to a floating charge voltage, a direct current contactor is controlled to be connected with the load, under the working mode, when the battery is discharged too much before the mains supply is powered off, the battery firstly enters a current-limiting charging stage after the mains supply is powered on, the charging current in the stage is small, the battery voltage can enter the floating charge stage for a long time, namely, the battery voltage can be close to the floating charge voltage for a long time, the loads such as communication equipment and the like can be connected with power for a long.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at solving the technical problem who exists among the prior art at least, innovate very much a battery switch circuit and contain the power management system of this circuit.
In order to realize the above object of the present invention, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a battery switch circuit, including:
the normally open switch of the relay is connected in series in a battery charging and/or discharging path;
the MOS tube is respectively connected with the normally open switch of the relay in parallel, and the source electrode and the drain electrode of the MOS tube are respectively connected with two ends of the normally open switch;
a delay unit and a control signal input terminal for introducing an external control signal;
the control signal input terminal is respectively connected with the coil power-on control end of the relay and the input end of the delay unit, and the output end of the delay unit is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the switching circuit controls the connection or disconnection of a battery charging and/or discharging loop through the combination of the relay and the MOS tube, and compared with the traditional contactor and circuit breaker, the circuit structure has small volume and low cost; particularly, when a loop is cut off through the delay unit, the MOSFET is continuously conducted before the relay acts, and the MOS tube is disconnected after the relay is completely disconnected, so that the stress of the relay disconnection can be reduced, the disconnection arcing is eliminated, and the contact of the relay is prevented from being heated and damaged.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the body diode of the MOS transistor is turned on in the same direction as the current direction of the battery charging path.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the conduction direction of the body diode of the MOS tube is consistent with the direction of the charging current of the battery, and the body diode is conducted in the charging loop by utilizing the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the diode even after the switching circuit relay and the MOS tube are disconnected, so that the charging loop does not have the disconnection function, the arcing when the switching circuit is closed can be prevented, and the contact of the relay is further protected.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power supply further comprises a relay coil power-on circuit, wherein the relay coil power-on circuit comprises a third diode, a first triode, a fifteenth resistor, a seventh capacitor and a fourteenth resistor;
a first end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with the control signal input terminal, a second end of the fourteenth resistor is respectively connected with a first end of the seventh capacitor, a first end of the fifteenth resistor and a base electrode of the first triode, and a second end of the seventh capacitor, a second end of the fifteenth resistor and an emitter electrode of the first triode are connected with the ground;
the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the anode of the third diode and the first end of the relay coil, and the cathode of the third diode and the second end of the relay coil are both connected with the first power supply end;
and a first end of the fourteenth resistor is used as a coil electrifying control end of the relay.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: when the first end of the fourteenth resistor inputs a high level, the relay coil is conducted, and when the first end of the fourteenth resistor inputs a low level, the relay coil is disconnected and is not electrified, so that the control principle is simple, and the energy release loop of the coil is formed by the third diode, and the control reliability is improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the delay unit includes an eighth resistor, a clamp circuit connected in series with the eighth resistor, an isolation circuit, and a delay circuit connected in series with the isolation circuit, wherein the series circuit formed by the isolation circuit and the delay circuit is connected in parallel to both ends of the clamp circuit.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the isolation circuit is used for realizing signal isolation, the influence of a post-stage circuit on a relay coil circuit is avoided, the stability is improved, the delay unit realizes a delay function through hardware, and the delay unit has better reliability compared with software delay.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clamping circuit includes a ninth resistor and a fourth voltage regulator connected in parallel, the isolation circuit includes a tenth resistor and an optocoupler isolation device, and the delay circuit includes a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a second voltage regulator diode, a third triode, a fifth capacitor, and a sixth capacitor;
the first end of the ninth resistor and the cathode of the fourth voltage-regulator tube are both connected with the first end of the eighth resistor, the second end of the eighth resistor is connected with the second positive power supply end, and the second end of the ninth resistor and the anode of the fourth voltage-regulator tube are both connected with the second negative power supply end;
the first end of the tenth resistor is connected with the control signal input terminal, the second end of the tenth resistor is connected with the first end of the optical coupling isolation device, the second end of the optical coupling isolation device is connected with the ground, the fourth end of the optical coupling isolation device is respectively connected with the first end of the eighth resistor, and the third end of the optical coupling isolation device is respectively connected with the first end of the fourth resistor and the first end of the sixth resistor;
a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with a first end of the fifth resistor, a first end of the fifth capacitor and a cathode of the second voltage stabilizing diode respectively, an anode of the second voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a base electrode of the third triode, a collector of the third triode is connected with a second end of the sixth resistor and a first end of the sixth capacitor respectively, and a second end of the sixth capacitor, an emitter of the third triode, a second end of the fifth capacitor and a second end of the fifth resistor are connected with a second negative power supply end;
the first end of the sixth capacitor is also connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: a detailed circuit structure of a delay unit is disclosed, which can realize a delay function with stable reliability as a result.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply management system including an AC/DC conversion unit, a battery, and at least one load;
the input end of the AC/DC conversion unit is connected with a mains supply, the output path of the AC/DC conversion unit is a main path, the charging and discharging ends of the battery are connected to the main path through a battery branch, and the power supply end of the load is connected to the main path through a load branch;
be provided with in the battery branch road battery switch circuit, when battery switch circuit's relay and MOS pipe switched on, the battery branch road switches on, the charge-discharge end of battery pass through battery branch road, main road and load branch road respectively with AC/DC conversion unit's output and load feed end switch-on, when battery switch circuit's relay and MOS pipe disconnection, the disconnection of battery branch road, the charge-discharge end of battery does not switch-on with AC/DC conversion unit's output and the feed end of load.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: besides the beneficial effects of the battery switch circuit, especially, the power supply management system is provided with the switch circuit in the connection path between the charging and discharging end of the battery and the output end of the AC/DC conversion unit, the power supply end of the load is always connected with the output end of the AC/DC conversion unit, when the mains supply is powered on after power failure, the load is preferably supplied with power, the battery is charged after the switch circuit is closed, so that the power can be timely supplied to the load when the mains supply is powered on, and the user experience is improved.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery system further comprises an overcurrent protection element connected in series to all or part of the battery branch, the main path and the load branch;
and/or further comprising an alternating current filter connected in series to the input of the AC/DC conversion unit and the mains connection path;
and/or the control module is further included, and the output end of the control module is connected with the control signal input terminal.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the overcurrent protection element can protect the battery and avoid the damage of the battery caused by overlarge current; the AC filter can filter the adverse effect of harmonic waves generated by the AC/DC conversion unit and the rear-stage DC load on the AC power transmission system, and compensate the reactive power of the AC/DC conversion unit and the rear-stage DC load.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the AC/DC conversion unit includes a rectifier subunit, a DCDC conversion subunit, and a charge management subunit;
the input end of the rectifier subunit is connected with a mains supply, the output end of the rectifier subunit is connected with the input end of the DCDC conversion subunit, the output end of the DCDC conversion subunit is connected with the input end of the charging management subunit, and the output end of the charging management subunit is respectively connected with the power supply end of a load and the charging and discharging end of a battery.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: a hardware structure of an AC/DC conversion unit is disclosed, which can efficiently realize AC-to-DC conversion and can efficiently manage charging and discharging of a battery.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery voltage detection device further comprises a battery voltage detection unit, wherein an output end of the battery voltage detection unit is connected to a battery voltage input end of the control module;
the utility model also comprises a utility power detection unit, the output end of which is connected with the utility power detection input end of the control module.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are: the battery voltage and the commercial power state are monitored, and the post-processing and the control are convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery switch circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a delay unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electrical circuit of a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a control structure diagram of a power management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a hardware structure diagram of a control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, mechanically or electrically connected, or may be connected between two elements through an intermediate medium, or may be directly connected or indirectly connected, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The utility model discloses a battery switch circuit, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, this battery switch circuit includes:
the normally open switch of the relay is connected in series in a battery charging and/or discharging path;
the MOS tube is respectively connected with a normally open switch of the relay in parallel, and a source electrode and a drain electrode of the MOS tube are respectively connected with two ends of the normally open switch;
a delay unit and a control signal input terminal for introducing an external control signal;
the control signal input terminal is respectively connected with the coil electrifying control end of the relay and the input end of the delay unit, and the output end of the delay unit is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube.
In the present embodiment, the normally open switch of the relay may be connected in series to the battery charging path or in series to the battery discharging path, and since the charging and discharging paths of the battery are usually shared, the normally open switch of the relay may be connected in series to the charging and discharging path of the battery.
In this embodiment, the MOS transistor may be an N-channel power MOS transistor or a P-channel power MOS transistor.
In this embodiment, the delay unit is configured to delay an external control signal introduced by the control signal input terminal for a certain time and then output the delayed external control signal to the gate of the MOS transistor to control the conduction and the cut-off of the MOS transistor. The delay unit is preferably, but not limited to, adopting the structure of the delay output circuit disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN102497215B in the prior art, or adopting the structure and principle of the delay output unit disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN104836102B in the prior art, and will not be described herein again.
In this embodiment, the external control signal introduced by the control signal input terminal is preferably a high-low level signal.
In the embodiment, when a plurality of MOS transistors are connected in parallel, the dc resistance can be reduced, and the overcurrent capacity can be increased.
In a preferred embodiment, the body diode conduction direction of the MOS transistor is the same as the current direction of the battery charging path.
In this embodiment, the body diode of the MOS transistor is the MOS transistor itself with a parasitic diode, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, which is used to prevent burning out of the MOS transistor when the voltages at the source and drain terminals of the MOS transistor are over-voltage, because before the over-voltage damages the MOS transistor, the diode is reversely broken down to directly connect a large current to the ground, thereby preventing the MOS transistor from being burned out; the MOS tube can be prevented from being burnt out when the source electrode and the drain electrode of the tube are reversely connected, and a path can be provided for reverse induced voltage when the circuit has the reverse induced voltage, so that the MOS tube is prevented from being broken down by the reverse induced voltage.
In this embodiment, when the MOS transistor is an N-channel power MOS transistor, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the source of the NMOS transistor is connected to one end of the normally open switch close to the negative electrode of the battery, and the drain of the NMOS transistor is connected to one end of the normally open switch close to the positive electrode of the battery;
or when the MOS tube is a P-channel power MOS tube, the source electrode of the PMOS tube is connected with one end of the normally open switch close to the anode of the battery, and the drain electrode of the PMOS tube is connected with one end of the normally open switch close to the cathode of the battery.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the relay coil energizing circuit further comprises a relay coil energizing circuit, wherein the relay coil energizing circuit comprises a third diode VD3, a first triode VT1, a fifteenth resistor R15, a seventh capacitor C7 and a fourteenth resistor R14;
a first end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the control signal input terminal, a second end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to a first end of the seventh capacitor C7, a first end of the fifteenth resistor R15 and a base of the first transistor VT1, respectively, a second end of the seventh capacitor C7, a second end of the fifteenth resistor R15 and an emitter of the first transistor VT1 are connected to the ground GND;
a collector of the first triode VT1 is respectively connected with an anode of the third diode VD3 and a first end of the relay coil, and a cathode of the third diode VD3 and a second end of the relay coil are both connected with a first power supply terminal (+ 12V);
a first end of the fourteenth resistor R14 serves as a coil energization control end of the relay.
In this embodiment, the fifteenth resistor R15 and the fourteenth resistor R14 form a voltage division bias network, the seventh capacitor C7 has a filtering function, and the third diode VD3 is a bleeding branch of the relay coil.
In this embodiment, the resistance of the fourteenth resistor R14 is preferably but not limited to 1.1K Ω, the resistance of the fifteenth resistor R15 is preferably but not limited to 4.99K Ω, and the capacitance of the seventh capacitor C7 is preferably but not limited to 10 uF. The third diode VD3 is preferably a schottky diode.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the delay unit comprises an eighth resistor R8, a clamp circuit connected in series with the eighth resistor R8, an isolation circuit, and a delay circuit connected in series with the isolation circuit, wherein the series path formed by the isolation circuit and the delay circuit is connected in parallel across the clamp circuit.
In this embodiment, the clamping circuit is preferably, but not limited to, a zener diode, and the isolation circuit is preferably, but not limited to, a photovoltaic isolation circuit.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the clamping circuit includes a ninth resistor R9 and a fourth regulator tube VD4 connected in parallel, the isolation circuit includes a tenth resistor R10 and an optocoupler isolation device D1, and the delay circuit includes a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a second voltage regulator diode VD2, a third transistor VT3, a fifth capacitor C5 and a sixth capacitor C6;
the first end of the ninth resistor R9 and the cathode of the fourth voltage-regulator tube VD4 are both connected with the first end of the eighth resistor R8, the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with a second positive power supply end (+48V), and the second end of the ninth resistor R9 and the anode of the fourth voltage-regulator tube VD4 are both connected with a second negative power supply end (-48V);
a first end of a tenth resistor R10 is connected with the control signal input terminal, a second end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected with a first end of an optical coupling isolation device D1, a second end of the optical coupling isolation device D1 is connected with the ground GND, a fourth end of the optical coupling isolation device D1 is respectively connected with a first end of an eighth resistor R8, and a third end of the optical coupling isolation device D1 is respectively connected with a first end of a fourth resistor R4 and a first end of a sixth resistor R6;
a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to a first end of the fifth resistor R5, a first end of the fifth capacitor C5, and a cathode of the second zener diode VD2, an anode of the second zener diode VD2 is connected to a base of the third transistor VT3, a collector of the third transistor VT3 is connected to a second end of the sixth resistor R6 and a first end of the sixth capacitor C6, a second end of the sixth capacitor C6, an emitter of the third transistor VT3, a second end of the fifth capacitor C5, and a second end of the fifth resistor R5 are both connected to a second negative power source terminal (-48V);
the first end of the sixth capacitor C6 is also connected to the gate of the MOS transistor.
In this embodiment, the resistance of the eighth resistor R8 is preferably but not limited to 4.3K Ω, the resistance of the ninth resistor R9 is preferably but not limited to 2K Ω, the resistance of the tenth resistor R10 is preferably but not limited to 1.1K Ω, the resistance of the fifth resistor R5 is preferably but not limited to 15K Ω, the resistance of the sixth resistor R6 is preferably but not limited to 10K Ω, the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is preferably but not limited to 4.99K Ω, the capacitance of the sixth capacitor C6 is preferably but not limited to 1000pF, and the capacitance of the fifth capacitor C5 is preferably but not limited to 10 uF.
In the embodiment, the clamp circuit is used for preventing the input voltage from being too large and damaging the post-stage circuit; the fifth capacitor C5 is a charging capacitor, and the delay function is realized by charging the capacitor, and the capacitance value determines the delay time, preferably, the delay time at least needs to be not less than the relay action time, such as 8 ms; the fifth resistor R5 provides a fast discharge path for the fifth capacitor C5.
The utility model also discloses a power supply management system, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the system includes an AC/DC conversion unit, a battery and at least one load;
the input end of the AC/DC conversion unit is connected with a mains supply, the output path of the AC/DC conversion unit is a main path, the charging and discharging ends of the battery are connected to the main path through a battery branch, and the power supply end of the load is connected to the main path through a load branch;
the battery switch circuit is arranged in the battery branch, when a relay of the battery switch circuit is connected with the MOS tube, the battery branch is connected, the charging and discharging end of the battery is respectively connected with the output end of the AC/DC conversion unit and the load power supply end through the battery branch, the main passage and the load branch, when the relay of the battery switch circuit is disconnected with the MOS tube, the battery branch is disconnected, and the charging and discharging end of the battery is not connected with the output end of the AC/DC conversion unit and the power supply end of the load.
In this embodiment, in the prior art, the battery generally comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the charging and discharging paths share one path, so that the positive electrode or the negative electrode can be used as a charging and discharging end of the battery.
In this embodiment, the load power supply terminal is always connected to the output terminal of the AC/DC conversion unit through the load branch and the main path, and a priority load power supply strategy is adopted.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, an overcurrent protection element is further connected in series in all or part of the battery branch, the main path and the load branch;
and/or further comprising an alternating current filter connected in series to the input of the AC/DC conversion unit and the mains connection path;
and/or the control module is further included, and the output end of the control module is connected with the control signal input terminal.
In the present embodiment, the overcurrent protection element is preferably, but not limited to, a fuse, or the like. The AC filter is preferably, but not limited to, HP 12/24.
In this embodiment, the control module is preferably, but not limited to, a one-knife-two-throw switch, the switch includes two fixed contacts and a movable contact, the movable contact can be switched between the two fixed contacts, the movable contact is connected with the control signal input terminal, the two fixed contacts are respectively connected with a power supply terminal and a ground, the action of the movable contact can be manually operated, and the output of high and low level signals to the control signal input terminal can be realized by switching the connection between the movable contact and the fixed contacts.
In this embodiment, the control module is preferably, but not limited to, a signal receiving unit, and an output terminal of the signal receiving unit is connected to the control signal input terminal. The signal receiving unit can be an optical signal receiving unit, or a wireless communication signal receiving module, or a wired communication signal receiving module.
In this embodiment, when the signal receiving means is an optical signal receiving means, it is preferably, but not limited to, an opto-electronic switch that receives an external optical signal, outputs a high level signal to the control signal input terminal to close the switch circuit, and when the external optical signal cannot be received, outputs a low level signal to the control signal input terminal to open the switch circuit to disconnect the battery from the main path and the load branch.
In the present embodiment, when the signal receiving unit is a wireless communication signal receiving module, it is preferable, but not limited to, to select an existing product such as a WIFI communication module, a Zigbee communication module, a GSM communication module, an LTE communication module, or a 3G communication module, and any one of the control pins of the modem chip inside these modules is connected to the control signal input terminal, so that the on or off of the battery switch circuit can be controlled remotely.
In the present embodiment, when the signal receiving unit is a wired communication signal receiving module, it is preferable to select, but not limited to, existing products such as an ethernet port communication module and a serial port communication module.
In a preferred embodiment, the AC/DC conversion unit includes a rectifying sub-unit, a DCDC conversion sub-unit, and a charge management sub-unit;
the input end of the rectifier subunit is connected with the mains supply, the output end of the rectifier subunit is connected with the input end of the DCDC conversion subunit, the output end of the DCDC conversion subunit is connected with the input end of the charging management subunit, and the output end of the charging management subunit is respectively connected with the power supply end of the load and the charging and discharging end of the battery.
In this embodiment, the rectifier subunit is configured to convert the commercial power into direct current, the DCDC conversion subunit is configured to convert direct current with a large voltage into direct current with a smaller voltage, and the charging management subunit is configured to manage battery charging. The conversion into a rectifying sub-unit is preferably, but not limited to, a rectifying bridge chip such as KBJ 2504. The DCDC conversion subunit is preferably, but not limited to, a DCDC buck chip, such as the NHD110D48, for implementing 110V to 48V conversion. The charge management subunit is preferably, but not limited to, a 48V battery power system buck switching power supply chip EG 1186. The specific circuit structure can refer to a data manual of the selected chip, and is not described herein again.
In a preferred embodiment, the controller further comprises a battery voltage detection unit, wherein an output end of the battery voltage detection unit is connected with a battery voltage input end of the control module;
the utility power detection device further comprises a utility power detection unit, and the output end of the utility power detection unit is connected with the utility power detection input end of the control module.
In this embodiment, the battery voltage detection unit preferably, but not limited to, employs a precision resistor voltage divider network, which includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor, wherein a first end of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, second ends of the first voltage divider resistor are respectively connected to first ends of the second voltage divider resistor, second ends of the second voltage divider resistor are connected to ground, and a second end of the first voltage divider resistor serves as an output end of the battery voltage detection unit. The resistance values of the first voltage-dividing resistor and the second voltage-dividing resistor need to be adjusted according to the voltage allowable input range of the later-stage signal acquisition unit, and are not described herein again for the prior art.
In this embodiment, the utility power detection unit is preferably, but not limited to, a current transformer or a voltage transformer disposed in the utility power supply loop, and preferably, an existing product that can selectively output an analog voltage is selected.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the control module includes a first reference power supply, a first comparator a1, a second comparator a2, and an or gate; the output end of the first reference power supply is connected with the negative input end of a first comparator A1, the output end of the battery voltage detection unit is connected with the positive input end of a first comparator A1, and the output end of a first comparator A1 is connected with the first input end of an OR gate; the output end of the mains supply detection unit is connected with the positive input end of a second comparator A2, the negative input end of a second comparator A2 is connected with the ground, and the output end of a second comparator A2 is connected with the second input end of the OR gate; the output end of the OR gate is connected with the control signal input terminal of the battery switch circuit. When the battery voltage is discharged to be lower than the voltage threshold value, the first comparator A1 outputs low level, and when the mains supply is powered off, the second comparator A2 outputs low level, the OR gate outputs low level to the control signal input terminal, and the battery switch circuit is disconnected.
In this embodiment, the output voltage of the first reference power source is a low-voltage threshold value of battery discharge, and when the battery voltage detection unit is a series circuit of a first voltage-dividing resistor R1 and a second voltage-dividing resistor R2 shown in fig. 6, the output voltage of the first reference power source is the second-end output voltage value of the first voltage-dividing resistor R1 when the battery voltage reaches the low-voltage threshold value, and the first reference power source can select voltage reference chips such as TI and ADI, and the output voltage value of the chips is close to the low-voltage threshold value or the voltage-dividing value of the low-voltage threshold value.
In the present embodiment, the first comparator a1 and the second comparator a2 preferably but not limited to select LM324, or gate preferably but not limited to select 7432.
In this embodiment, preferably, the control module is a microprocessor such as an MCU or a single chip microcomputer, for example, model number STM32051C8T6, and is connected to the output terminal of the battery voltage detection unit and the output terminal of the utility power detection unit through an a/D acquisition pin. The control module outputs high and low levels to the control signal input terminal through an I/O pin.
In the present embodiment, the low voltage threshold is preferably, but not limited to, a voltage value of the positive electrode of the battery when the battery capacity is 10% to 30% of the full capacity.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A battery switching circuit, comprising:
the normally open switch of the relay is connected in series in a battery charging and/or discharging path;
the MOS tube is respectively connected with the normally open switch of the relay in parallel, and the source electrode and the drain electrode of the MOS tube are respectively connected with two ends of the normally open switch;
a delay unit and a control signal input terminal for introducing an external control signal;
the control signal input terminal is respectively connected with the coil power-on control end of the relay and the input end of the delay unit, and the output end of the delay unit is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube.
2. The battery switching circuit of claim 1 wherein the body diode conduction direction of the MOS transistor is the same as the current direction of the battery charging path.
3. The battery switching circuit of claim 1 further comprising a relay coil energizing circuit comprising a third diode, a first triode, a fifteenth resistor, a seventh capacitor, and a fourteenth resistor;
a first end of the fourteenth resistor is connected with the control signal input terminal, a second end of the fourteenth resistor is respectively connected with a first end of the seventh capacitor, a first end of the fifteenth resistor and a base electrode of the first triode, and a second end of the seventh capacitor, a second end of the fifteenth resistor and an emitter electrode of the first triode are connected with the ground;
the collector of the first triode is respectively connected with the anode of the third diode and the first end of the relay coil, and the cathode of the third diode and the second end of the relay coil are both connected with the first power supply end;
and a first end of the fourteenth resistor is used as a coil electrifying control end of the relay.
4. The battery switch circuit according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the delay unit comprises an eighth resistor, a clamp circuit connected in series with the eighth resistor, an isolation circuit, and a delay circuit connected in series with the isolation circuit, wherein the series path formed by the isolation circuit and the delay circuit is connected in parallel across the clamp circuit.
5. The battery switch circuit according to claim 4, wherein the clamping circuit comprises a ninth resistor and a fourth regulator tube connected in parallel with each other, the isolation circuit comprises a tenth resistor and an optocoupler isolation device, and the delay circuit comprises a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a second zener diode, a third triode, a fifth capacitor and a sixth capacitor;
the first end of the ninth resistor and the cathode of the fourth voltage-regulator tube are both connected with the first end of the eighth resistor, the second end of the eighth resistor is connected with the second positive power supply end, and the second end of the ninth resistor and the anode of the fourth voltage-regulator tube are both connected with the second negative power supply end;
the first end of the tenth resistor is connected with the control signal input terminal, the second end of the tenth resistor is connected with the first end of the optical coupling isolation device, the second end of the optical coupling isolation device is connected with the ground, the fourth end of the optical coupling isolation device is respectively connected with the first end of the eighth resistor, and the third end of the optical coupling isolation device is respectively connected with the first end of the fourth resistor and the first end of the sixth resistor;
a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with a first end of the fifth resistor, a first end of the fifth capacitor and a cathode of the second voltage stabilizing diode respectively, an anode of the second voltage stabilizing diode is connected with a base electrode of the third triode, a collector of the third triode is connected with a second end of the sixth resistor and a first end of the sixth capacitor respectively, and a second end of the sixth capacitor, an emitter of the third triode, a second end of the fifth capacitor and a second end of the fifth resistor are connected with a second negative power supply end;
the first end of the sixth capacitor is also connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube.
6. A power supply management system, characterized by comprising an AC/DC conversion unit, a battery and at least one load;
the input end of the AC/DC conversion unit is connected with a mains supply, the output path of the AC/DC conversion unit is a main path, the charging and discharging ends of the battery are connected to the main path through a battery branch, and the power supply end of the load is connected to the main path through a load branch;
the battery switch circuit of any one of claims 1 to 5 is provided in the battery branch, when the relay and the MOS transistor of the battery switch circuit are turned on, the battery branch is turned on, the charging and discharging terminal of the battery is respectively turned on with the output terminal of the AC/DC conversion unit and the load power supply terminal through the battery branch, the main path and the load branch, and when the relay and the MOS transistor of the battery switch circuit are turned off, the battery branch is turned off, and the charging and discharging terminal of the battery is not turned on with the output terminal of the AC/DC conversion unit and the power supply terminal of the load.
7. The power management system according to claim 6, further comprising an overcurrent protection element connected in series in all or part of the battery branch, the main path and the load branch;
and/or further comprising an alternating current filter connected in series to the input of the AC/DC conversion unit and the mains connection path;
and/or the control module is further included, and the output end of the control module is connected with the control signal input terminal.
8. The power supply management system according to claim 7, wherein the AC/DC conversion unit includes a rectification subunit, a DCDC conversion subunit, and a charge management subunit;
the input end of the rectifier subunit is connected with a mains supply, the output end of the rectifier subunit is connected with the input end of the DCDC conversion subunit, the output end of the DCDC conversion subunit is connected with the input end of the charging management subunit, and the output end of the charging management subunit is respectively connected with the power supply end of a load and the charging and discharging end of a battery.
9. The power management system of claim 8, further comprising a battery voltage detection unit, an output of the battery voltage detection unit being connected to a battery voltage input of the control module;
the utility model also comprises a utility power detection unit, the output end of which is connected with the utility power detection input end of the control module.
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| CN201921922474.6U CN210640722U (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Battery switch circuit and power supply management system comprising same |
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| CN201921922474.6U CN210640722U (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Battery switch circuit and power supply management system comprising same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112688399A (en) * | 2021-01-16 | 2021-04-20 | 厦门市华泰视通科技有限公司 | Battery intelligent distributed energy efficiency management system and LED display screen thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112688399A (en) * | 2021-01-16 | 2021-04-20 | 厦门市华泰视通科技有限公司 | Battery intelligent distributed energy efficiency management system and LED display screen thereof |
| CN112688399B (en) * | 2021-01-16 | 2022-07-29 | 厦门市华泰视通科技有限公司 | Battery intelligent distributed energy efficiency management system and LED display screen thereof |
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