CN201398070Y - Circuit to prevent reverse battery polarity - Google Patents

Circuit to prevent reverse battery polarity Download PDF

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CN201398070Y
CN201398070Y CN2009201381128U CN200920138112U CN201398070Y CN 201398070 Y CN201398070 Y CN 201398070Y CN 2009201381128 U CN2009201381128 U CN 2009201381128U CN 200920138112 U CN200920138112 U CN 200920138112U CN 201398070 Y CN201398070 Y CN 201398070Y
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circuit
polarity
terminal
relay
battery
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曾华锋
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Xiamen Tuobao Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Xiamen Tuobao Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

本实用新型涉及极性保护电路,尤其涉及用于充电系统中的防止蓄电池极性反接的极性保护电路。防止蓄电池极性反接的电路,包括:继电器,其被控制端接于充电器的输出端和蓄电池的第一接入端,其控制端接于极性二极管的负极和光电耦合器的输出端;极性二极管,其正极接入蓄电池的第一接入端,负极接于继电器的控制端;光电耦合器,其输出端的正极接继电器的控制端,输出端的负极接蓄电池的第二接入端,其输入端接入充电器的电源导通电路。本实用新型采用如上技术方案,一方面有效避免了在充电系统中的因止蓄电池极性反接造成的危险,另一方面避免了在无交流电源或开机信号情况下对蓄电池的放电损耗。

The utility model relates to a polarity protection circuit, in particular to a polarity protection circuit used in a charging system for preventing battery polarity reverse connection. The circuit for preventing reverse polarity of the storage battery includes: a relay whose control terminal is connected to the output terminal of the charger and the first access terminal of the storage battery, and whose control terminal is connected to the negative pole of the polarity diode and the output terminal of the photocoupler ; Polarity diode, the positive pole of which is connected to the first access terminal of the battery, and the negative pole is connected to the control terminal of the relay; the positive pole of the output terminal of the photocoupler is connected to the control terminal of the relay, and the negative pole of the output terminal is connected to the second access terminal of the battery , and its input end is connected to the power-on circuit of the charger. The utility model adopts the above technical scheme, on the one hand, it effectively avoids the danger caused by the battery polarity reverse connection in the charging system, and on the other hand, it avoids the discharge loss of the battery when there is no AC power supply or power-on signal.

Description

防止蓄电池极性反接的电路 Circuit to prevent reverse battery polarity

技术领域 technical field

本实用新型涉及极性保护电路,尤其涉及用于充电系统中的防止蓄电池极性反接的极性保护电路。The utility model relates to a polarity protection circuit, in particular to a polarity protection circuit used in a charging system for preventing battery polarity reverse connection.

背景技术 Background technique

蓄电池能够储存直流电能,在通讯、电力系统中,常常用其作为备电设备,避免系统电源故障时设备突然断电。例如在UPS当中,具备一定备电时间的蓄电池组连接到充电器上,市电正常的时候经过整流和逆变后给负载供电,同时通过充电器给蓄电池充电;市电发生故障时蓄电池就给逆变器供电,转化为交流电源给负载。因此蓄电池在电力系统中承担着非常重要的角色。但由于其蓄积很大的电力能量,因此也存在着使用的安全问题,操作使用不慎将会出现短路爆炸等严重的事故。因此对于电池的正负极接线一定要正确。因而,在设备中必须设计防止蓄电池极性反接的极性保护电路以避免发生安全事故。传统的防反接电路一般都是利用二极管的反向截至特性将其串在电池连接回路中,起到防反接的效果;但是保护效果单一,控制程度较弱,如果改进电路与前级充电设备联系起来一起控制就能更好的保护电池,达到适时充放电的目的。另外,又可以采用电子开关管组成的极性保护电路实现。如公开号为1355607的专利“具有电源极性反接保护的电路”,它将保护用场效应管与被保护电路中元件的衬底相连接。保护用场效应管为PMOS场效应管或NMOS场效应管。若为PMOS,其栅极和源极分别连接被保护电路的接地端和电源端,其漏极连接被保护电路中PMOS元件的衬底。若是NMOS,其栅极和源极分别连接被保护电路的电源端和接地端,其漏极连接被保护电路中NMOS元件的衬底。一旦被保护电路的电源极性反接,保护用场效应管会形成断路,防止电流烧毁电路中的场效应管元件,保护整体电路。又如公开号为1832285的专利“NMOS电池反接保护”,包括一个电压源,该电压源包含正、负端。极性敏感装置具有与电压源的正端相连通的第一端子,并包括第二端子。低电阻开关与电压源的第一和第二端子相连通,并与极性敏感装置的第二端子相连通。低电阻开关在电压源正端的第一电压减去电压源负端的第二电压大于阈值电压时在极性敏感装置的第二端子和电压源的负端之间采取导通状态。否则,低电阻开关采取非导通状态。但是,这些电路采用电子开关管实现,若用于大功率电源系统则需要选用大功率场效应管,成本较高。Batteries can store DC power. In communication and power systems, they are often used as backup equipment to avoid sudden power failures when the system power fails. For example, in UPS, the battery pack with a certain backup time is connected to the charger. When the mains power is normal, it will supply power to the load after rectification and inversion, and the battery will be charged by the charger at the same time; The inverter supplies power and converts it into AC power for the load. Therefore, the battery plays a very important role in the power system. However, because it stores a large amount of electric energy, there are also safety issues in use, and serious accidents such as short-circuit explosions will occur if the operation is not careful. Therefore, the positive and negative wiring of the battery must be correct. Therefore, a polarity protection circuit must be designed to prevent battery polarity reverse connection in the equipment to avoid safety accidents. The traditional anti-reverse connection circuit generally uses the reverse cut-off characteristic of the diode to connect it in series in the battery connection circuit to achieve the effect of anti-reverse connection; however, the protection effect is single and the control degree is weak. The devices can be connected and controlled together to better protect the battery and achieve the purpose of timely charging and discharging. In addition, it can be realized by using a polarity protection circuit composed of electronic switch tubes. For example, the patent "circuit with reverse polarity protection of power supply" with the publication number of 1355607 connects the field effect transistor for protection with the substrate of the components in the protected circuit. The protection field effect transistor is a PMOS field effect transistor or an NMOS field effect transistor. If it is PMOS, its gate and source are respectively connected to the ground terminal and power supply terminal of the protected circuit, and its drain is connected to the substrate of the PMOS element in the protected circuit. If it is NMOS, its gate and source are respectively connected to the power terminal and ground terminal of the protected circuit, and its drain is connected to the substrate of the NMOS element in the protected circuit. Once the polarity of the power supply of the protected circuit is reversed, the protective field effect tube will form an open circuit to prevent the current from burning the field effect tube components in the circuit and protect the overall circuit. Another example is the patent "NMOS battery reverse connection protection" with publication number 1832285, which includes a voltage source, which includes positive and negative terminals. The polarity sensitive device has a first terminal in communication with the positive terminal of the voltage source and includes a second terminal. A low resistance switch communicates with the first and second terminals of the voltage source and communicates with the second terminal of the polarity sensitive device. The low resistance switch assumes a conductive state between the second terminal of the polarity sensitive device and the negative terminal of the voltage source when the first voltage at the positive terminal of the voltage source minus the second voltage at the negative terminal of the voltage source is greater than the threshold voltage. Otherwise, the low resistance switch assumes a non-conductive state. However, these circuits are implemented by electronic switching tubes, and if they are used in high-power power supply systems, high-power field effect tubes need to be selected, and the cost is relatively high.

实用新型内容 Utility model content

有鉴于此,本实用新型针对充电系统中,提出一种的防止蓄电池极性反接的极性保护电路,其成本不高、且保护功能相对单一极性二极管更有效。In view of this, the utility model proposes a polarity protection circuit for preventing battery polarity reverse connection in the charging system, the cost of which is not high, and the protection function is more effective than that of a single-polarity diode.

本实用新型的技术方案是:The technical scheme of the utility model is:

防止蓄电池极性反接的电路,包括:Circuits to prevent reverse battery polarity, including:

继电器,其被控制端接于充电器的输出端和蓄电池的第一接入端,其控制端接于极性二极管的负极和光电耦合器的输出端;A relay, whose controlled terminal is connected to the output terminal of the charger and the first access terminal of the storage battery, and whose control terminal is connected to the negative pole of the polarity diode and the output terminal of the photocoupler;

极性二极管,其正极接入蓄电池的第一接入端,负极接于继电器的控制端;polarity diode, its anode is connected to the first access terminal of the storage battery, and its cathode is connected to the control terminal of the relay;

光电耦合器,其输出端的正极接继电器的控制端,输出端的负极接蓄电池的第二接入端,其输入端接入充电器的电源导通电路。In the photoelectric coupler, the positive pole of the output terminal is connected to the control terminal of the relay, the negative pole of the output terminal is connected to the second access terminal of the storage battery, and the input terminal is connected to the power conduction circuit of the charger.

进一步的,所述的蓄电池的第一接入端、极性二极管、继电器的控制端、光电耦合器的输出端构成的支路上的任一位置串接一限流电阻。Further, a current-limiting resistor is connected in series at any position on the branch formed by the first access terminal of the storage battery, the polar diode, the control terminal of the relay, and the output terminal of the photocoupler.

更进一步的,所述的限流电阻接入于继电器的控制端和光电耦合器的输出端的正极之间。Furthermore, the current limiting resistor is connected between the control terminal of the relay and the positive pole of the output terminal of the photocoupler.

进一步的,所述的光电耦合器的输入端还串接一限流电阻。Further, the input end of the photocoupler is also connected in series with a current limiting resistor.

优选的,本实用新型所述的继电器是电磁继电器。Preferably, the relay described in the utility model is an electromagnetic relay.

本实用新型采用如上技术方案,一方面有效避免了在充电系统中的因蓄电池极性反接造成的危险,另一方面避免了在无交流电源或开机信号情况下对蓄电池的放电损耗。The utility model adopts the above technical scheme, on the one hand, effectively avoids the danger caused by battery polarity reverse connection in the charging system, and on the other hand, avoids the discharge loss of the battery when there is no AC power supply or power-on signal.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1所示的是不间断电源(UPS)典型电路图;Figure 1 shows a typical circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS);

图2所示的是本实用新型的电路图。What Fig. 2 showed is the circuit diagram of the utility model.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

现结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型进一步说明。The utility model is further described now in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.

参阅图1所示的是交流逆变的不间断电源(UPS)典型电路图。平时的时候AC电经过AC/DC整流后通过充电器对蓄电池充电,一旦发生断电时,则由蓄电池经过逆变器再进行AC电输出。Referring to Figure 1, it is a typical circuit diagram of an AC inverter uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Usually, the AC power is rectified by AC/DC and then charged to the battery through the charger. Once a power failure occurs, the battery will output AC power through the inverter.

参阅图2所示,本实用新型的防止蓄电池极性反接的电路,包括:继电器D3,其被控制端接于充电器的输出端和蓄电池BAT1的第一接入端BAT+,其控制端接于极性二极管D2的负极和光电耦合器D1的输出端;极性二极管D2,其正极接入蓄电池BAT1的第一接入端BAT+,负极接于继电器D3的控制端;Referring to Fig. 2, the circuit for preventing battery polarity reverse connection of the present invention includes: a relay D3, whose controlled terminal is connected to the output terminal of the charger and the first access terminal BAT+ of the battery BAT1, whose control terminal is connected to Connect the negative pole of the polar diode D2 and the output terminal of the photocoupler D1; the positive pole of the polar diode D2 is connected to the first access terminal BAT+ of the storage battery BAT1, and the negative pole is connected to the control terminal of the relay D3;

光电耦合器D1,其输出端的正极接继电器D3的控制端,输出端的负极接蓄电池BAT1的第二接入端BAT-,其输入端接入充电器的电源导通电路。可以取自充电器的电路中的具有电压输出的信号端点。The positive pole of the output terminal of the photocoupler D1 is connected to the control terminal of the relay D3, the negative pole of the output terminal is connected to the second access terminal BAT- of the battery BAT1, and its input terminal is connected to the power supply circuit of the charger. A signal terminal with a voltage output that can be taken from a charger's circuit.

进一步的,所述的蓄电池BAT1的第一接入端BAT+、极性二极管D2、继电器D3的控制端、光电耦合器D1的输出端构成的支路上的任一位置串接一限流电阻R3。本实用新型的实施例中,所述的限流电阻R3接入于继电器D3的控制端和光电耦合器D1的输出端的正极之间。Further, a current-limiting resistor R3 is connected in series at any position on the branch formed by the first access terminal BAT+ of the battery BAT1, the polar diode D2, the control terminal of the relay D3, and the output terminal of the photocoupler D1. In the embodiment of the present utility model, the current limiting resistor R3 is connected between the control terminal of the relay D3 and the positive pole of the output terminal of the photocoupler D1.

同样的,所述的光电耦合器D1的输入端还串接一限流电阻R4用于限流。Similarly, the input terminal of the optocoupler D1 is also connected in series with a current limiting resistor R4 for current limiting.

优选的,本实用新型所述的继电器D3是电磁继电器。所述的控制端是线圈的两端,所述的被控制端是动触点端(常开端)、静触点端(常闭端)与公共端构成的开关端。Preferably, the relay D3 described in the present utility model is an electromagnetic relay. The control terminal is the two ends of the coil, and the controlled terminal is the switch terminal composed of the movable contact terminal (normally open terminal), the static contact terminal (normally closed terminal) and the common terminal.

这样,蓄电池BAT1与充电器的连接回路受到继电器D3的控制端电压的控制。只有辅助回路导通,继电器D3才能闭合,充电器才能给蓄电池BAT1充电。即,蓄电池BAT1的正极接入第一接入端BAT+、蓄电池BAT1的负极接入第二接入端BAT-才能导通充电器与蓄电池BAT1的连接。但是,如果蓄电池BAT1端子极性接反,则二极管D2不导通,继电器D 3的辅助回路没有电流流过,继电器D3不能闭合,充电器无法输入到蓄电池端。另一方面,即使蓄电池BAT1的极性连接无误,若充电器没有交流输出或无开关信号,光耦D1不工作,回路也不能导通,继电器D3仍然不闭合;避免了在无交流电源或开机信号情况下对蓄电池BAT1的放电损耗。In this way, the connection circuit between the battery BAT1 and the charger is controlled by the control terminal voltage of the relay D3. Only when the auxiliary circuit is turned on, can the relay D3 be closed, and the charger can charge the battery BAT1. That is, the positive pole of the battery BAT1 is connected to the first access terminal BAT+, and the negative pole of the battery BAT1 is connected to the second access terminal BAT-, in order to conduct the connection between the charger and the battery BAT1. However, if the polarity of the battery BAT1 terminal is reversed, the diode D2 will not conduct, the auxiliary circuit of the relay D3 will not have current flow, the relay D3 cannot be closed, and the charger cannot be input to the battery terminal. On the other hand, even if the polarity of the battery BAT1 is connected correctly, if the charger has no AC output or no switch signal, the optocoupler D1 will not work, the circuit will not be conducted, and the relay D3 will still not be closed; Discharge loss of battery BAT1 in case of signal.

尽管结合优选实施方案具体展示和介绍了本实用新型,但所属领域的技术人员应该明白,在不脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本实用新型的精神和范围内,在形式上和细节上可以对本实用新型做出各种变化,均为本实用新型的保护范围。Although the utility model has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model defined by the appended claims, changes in form and details may be made. Making various changes to the utility model is within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. prevent the circuit of accumulator polarity reversal connection, it is characterized in that: comprise
Relay (D3), its controlled terminal are connected to the output of charger and first incoming end (BAT+) of storage battery (BAT1), and its control end is connected to the negative pole of polarity diode (D2) and the output of photoelectrical coupler (D1); Polarity diode (D2), its anodal first incoming end (BAT+) that inserts storage battery (BAT1), negative pole is connected to the control end of relay (D3);
Photoelectrical coupler (D1), the positive pole of its output is succeeded the control end of electrical equipment (D3), and the negative pole of output connects second incoming end (BAT-) of storage battery (BAT1), and its input inserts the power turn-on circuit of charger.
2. the circuit that prevents the accumulator polarity reversal connection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the arbitrary position on the branch road that the control end of first incoming end (BAT+) of described storage battery (BAT1), polarity diode (D2), relay (D3), the output of photoelectrical coupler (D1) constitute is connected in series a current-limiting resistance (R3).
3. the circuit that prevents the accumulator polarity reversal connection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described current-limiting resistance (R3) inserts between the positive pole of the output of the control end of relay (D3) and photoelectrical coupler (D1).
4. the circuit that prevents the accumulator polarity reversal connection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the input of described photoelectrical coupler (D1) also is connected in series a current-limiting resistance (R4).
5. the circuit that prevents the accumulator polarity reversal connection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described relay (D3) is an electromagnetic relay.
CN2009201381128U 2009-05-06 2009-05-06 Circuit to prevent reverse battery polarity Expired - Fee Related CN201398070Y (en)

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CN101794985A (en) * 2010-03-17 2010-08-04 杭州中恒电气股份有限公司 High-voltage direct-current (HVDC) system battery charging protecting circuit structure
CN102005808A (en) * 2010-11-02 2011-04-06 徐州上若科技有限公司 Backup power source for coal mine electronic device
CN102756655A (en) * 2012-07-11 2012-10-31 合肥华耀电子工业有限公司 Novel input reverse-connection-preventing circuit
CN104617562A (en) * 2015-02-16 2015-05-13 中国北方车辆研究所 Vehicle inverted connection proof device
CN104810803A (en) * 2015-05-15 2015-07-29 成都英格瑞德电气有限公司 Battery reversal preventing circuit for modularized inverter
CN103633675B (en) * 2012-08-23 2015-08-19 青岛紫光软件系统有限公司 Battery charger polarity Adaptable System
CN105515072A (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Communication power supply battery anti-reverse-connection circuit and communication power supply control system
CN106787058A (en) * 2017-01-13 2017-05-31 中惠创智无线供电技术有限公司 A kind of reception terminal protecting circuit and charging equipment charged for battery
CN114243865A (en) * 2022-01-11 2022-03-25 双登集团股份有限公司 Lithium battery heating management circuit supporting reverse connection protection function
CN115407201A (en) * 2022-09-01 2022-11-29 深圳市顶尖电源科技有限公司 Polarity detection circuit and charging system

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101794985A (en) * 2010-03-17 2010-08-04 杭州中恒电气股份有限公司 High-voltage direct-current (HVDC) system battery charging protecting circuit structure
CN101794985B (en) * 2010-03-17 2012-06-13 杭州中恒电气股份有限公司 High-voltage direct-current (HVDC) system battery charging protecting circuit structure
CN102005808A (en) * 2010-11-02 2011-04-06 徐州上若科技有限公司 Backup power source for coal mine electronic device
CN102756655A (en) * 2012-07-11 2012-10-31 合肥华耀电子工业有限公司 Novel input reverse-connection-preventing circuit
CN103633675B (en) * 2012-08-23 2015-08-19 青岛紫光软件系统有限公司 Battery charger polarity Adaptable System
CN105515072A (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Communication power supply battery anti-reverse-connection circuit and communication power supply control system
CN104617562A (en) * 2015-02-16 2015-05-13 中国北方车辆研究所 Vehicle inverted connection proof device
CN104617562B (en) * 2015-02-16 2018-07-20 中国北方车辆研究所 A kind of automobile-used counnter attack connection device
CN104810803A (en) * 2015-05-15 2015-07-29 成都英格瑞德电气有限公司 Battery reversal preventing circuit for modularized inverter
CN106787058A (en) * 2017-01-13 2017-05-31 中惠创智无线供电技术有限公司 A kind of reception terminal protecting circuit and charging equipment charged for battery
CN114243865A (en) * 2022-01-11 2022-03-25 双登集团股份有限公司 Lithium battery heating management circuit supporting reverse connection protection function
CN115407201A (en) * 2022-09-01 2022-11-29 深圳市顶尖电源科技有限公司 Polarity detection circuit and charging system

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